JPH05103554A - Method for raising paddy rice seedling and nursery sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce load on workers, provide air permeability and water holding properties and facilitate germination by adhesion to rice seeds by sowing the rice seeds on a molded compost in a nursery box and covering the rice seeds with a sheetlike material. CONSTITUTION:Rice seeds are sown on a molded compost in a nursery box and covered with a sheetlike material in place of soil cover composed of natural soil. Papers with scarcely weight are used in place of the soil cover composed of weighty natural soil to considerably reduce load on workers. The papers have water solubility, air permeability and water holding properties and buds are readily shot out by adhesion to the rice seeds.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for raising rice seedlings and a sheet used therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for rice seedlings for mechanical rice planting, a nursery box (internal method: 58 cm × 28 cm × 3 cm) is used, and a commercially available natural soil or artificial soil is filled in the nursery box, and this nursery box is sufficiently filled. Water, then sowing seed on the soil,
On top of that, natural soil containing fertilizer is applied as cover soil to raise seedlings. The seeded nursery boxes are stacked in multiple stages, heated to about 30 ° C for 48 hours to germinate, and have a germination length of about 1 cm for greening, and a plant height of 5 to 5 days has passed.
About 8 cm milk seedling of 1.0-1.9 leaf age, about 21 days old plant height, about 12-13 cm of 2.0-2.4 leaf young seedling, about 35 days old plant height. 16-18 cm
Medium-sized seedlings of 3.5 to 4.5 leaves are transplanted to Honda as finished seedlings.

[0003]

However, since the weight of a combination of natural soil and cover soil is considerable,
Mechanization is progressing because it is difficult to work manually, but it is gradually becoming difficult to obtain natural soil that has been treated by sterilization, and artificial mats such as pulp mats, peat mats, and rock wool mats are being used. Even if you cover the soil,
There is the above problem because natural soil is used for covering soil,
In addition, since the soil cover itself has a weight of about 1.1 kg per nursery box, it has been desired to reduce the weight in view of the situation of workers in recent years. In addition, at a nursery center that raises a large amount of seedlings, 20 kg
A large storage space was used because more than 100 bags were required.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that a sheet-like material such as paper is used in place of the covering soil and completed the present invention. It was That is, the present invention fills a molding medium in a seedling raising box, seeds seeds on the molding medium, and in raising rice seedlings, in raising rice seedlings, a paddy rice seedling raising method and a sheet material used for the same Is.

The present invention is described in detail below. As the molding medium used in the present invention, those formed of organic fibers and inorganic fibers can be used. Examples of the organic fiber include a pulp mat obtained by dispersing a fiber component of wood in water together with a binder, forming the paper into a mat shape, and a peat mos mat obtained by compression-molding peat moss. Examples of the inorganic fiber include, for example, rock wool, glass wool, ceramic fiber, and other inorganic fibers molded into a mat shape. Particularly, blast furnace slag and /
Or, for example, natural rocks such as basalt, andesite, diabase, etc. are melted by cupola, electric furnace, etc., and then blown into fibers by centrifugal force and / or body pressure such as air and steam (rock wool, rock wool, Also called slag wool or mineral wool) is preferred. Such an inorganic fiber is a fiber aggregate in which fibers are accumulated in layers, and in order to form a molding medium for a seed bed, this may be molded into a mat with a polymer binder. Examples of the polymer binder include thermosetting resins such as phenol resin, melamine resin and urea resin, and thermoplastic resins such as acrylic resin, vinyl acetate resin and polyvinyl alcohol resin, which are particularly water resistant. Good thermosetting resins are preferred.

The molding medium contains various additives, if necessary.
For example, surfactants, hydrophilicity-imparting agents such as higher alcohols,
For example, a pH adjusting agent such as sulfuric acid, citric acid, humic acid, nitrohumic acid, peat moss or the like may be added. It is preferable that the inorganic fiber mat has a bulk density of 50 to 100 kg / m ³ and that the fiber orientation direction is vertical to improve root biting. However, if the seedlings are to be transplanted to Honda as finished seedlings, the pH of the mat is adjusted by the root acid generated as the roots grow. do not have to. Also,
In the case of young seedlings and middle seedlings, it is not necessary to add a pH adjusting agent as in the case of milk seedlings.

This molding medium may contain a fertilizer component. For example, in the case of dairy seedlings, about half of the endosperm nutrient of seed rice remains at the time of making a complete seedling, so that especially fertilizer is used. No ingredients need to be added. However, it has been confirmed that the addition of a small amount of fertilizer component improves the seedling quality. In the case of young seedlings and middle seedlings, it is preferable to add a known fertilizer component because the endosperm nutrient of seed rice is insufficient. As the fertilizer added in this case, conventionally known ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphorus, potassium sulfate, etc. can be used. The amount of fertilizer added is preferably 0.4 to 2.5 g / box.

The seeding work for producing the finished seedlings according to the present invention is performed by placing a mat in a seedling raising box, sowing seed rice after watering, covering with a sheet material, and then watering again. One of the purposes of covering the soil is to prevent the germination failure caused by the drying of the seed paddy sown on the mat, by allowing the mat and the soil to retain sufficient moisture, Another purpose is to suppress the seed paddy by the weight of the soil cover and prevent it from rising. Therefore, as long as it fulfills these roles, it is possible to substitute soil cover, and when using the sheet-like material of the present invention, it is difficult to obtain natural soil while achieving the above-mentioned object. Since there is no need to use the seedlings, there is no need for storage and sterilization treatment, and the finished seedlings can be obtained by a simple method of simply covering the artificial soil with a fixed sheet-like material, greatly improving workability. Will be done. As the sheet-like material used here, a material obtained by dispersing a fiber component of wood together with a binder in water and paper-making it, or a sheet made of a synthetic resin or a water-soluble resin can be used. Examples of these include newsprint, Japanese paper, polystyrene sheet, etc., but water-soluble papers are preferable, and water-soluble papers that dissolve in water in about 24 hours to become separated are preferable. is there. It can be obtained by cutting it according to the inner size of the nursery box or by making paper from this size in the beginning. When water-soluble paper is used, it can be transplanted in the rice transplanter as it is even when it is a finished seedling. However, when plastic sheet is used, it can be removed at the stage when buds appear about 2 days after sowing. is necessary.

For this paper, fertilizer is not always required for the same reason as the molding medium, but it has been confirmed that the seedling quality is improved when a small amount of fertilizer is added, as compared with non-fertilizer. As a method of adding a fertilizer, a paper impregnated with a fertilizer is obtained by immersing paper in an aqueous solution of a fertilizer component, pulling it out from the aqueous solution when the fertilizer has sufficiently penetrated, and drying. As another method, it can be obtained by spraying or applying an aqueous solution of fertilizer on one surface of paper and drying it. In this case, it is preferable to use the fertilizer sprayed or applied to the molding medium with the surface facing upward. The amount of fertilizer to be mixed is preferably 0 to 0.7 g for each of N, P and K per nursery box. In this case, if a fertilizer is added to the molding medium, the water resistance of the molding medium decreases, and the mechanical adaptability is not good for finished seedlings with insufficient rooting. It is particularly preferred that only a small amount of fertilizer is included. Therefore, the preferable addition amount in the present invention is N, P,
It is preferable to use papers impregnated, sprayed or coated with K of 0.4 to 2.5 g / sheet or less.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a fertilizer-free molding medium is placed in a nursery box, seeded rice is sown, and then replaced with cover soil by covering with paper impregnated, sprayed or coated with low fertilizer. When the seedling raising boxes are stacked in multiple stages and subjected to normal heating and budding at 30 to 32 ° C for about 48 hours, when the plant height becomes about 1 cm,
Greening and raising seeds according to the usual method, and the total raising period is 4 days. The completed seedlings of the thus-grown milk seedlings can be transplanted to Honda through a rice transplanter because the seed roots and crown roots are significantly elongated in 4 days and the seedlings are firmly fixed in the molding medium. In the case of juvenile seedlings and middle seedlings, seedlings can be further raised and raised for a total of 21 days and 35 days, respectively, and transplanted as finished seedlings.

[0011]

In the present invention, since almost no weight of paper is used instead of heavy soil covering of natural soil,
The burden on the operator is considerably reduced. In addition, papers have water solubility, air permeability, and water retention, and have an effect of easily sprouting due to close contact with seed paddy.

[0012]

【Example】

Examples 1 and 2 A fertilizer-free rock wool molding medium having a bulk density of 65 kg / m ^{3 obtained} by molding rock wool into a mat shape by adding a water-soluble phenol resin as a binder and a nonionic surfactant as a hydrophilicity-imparting agent. used. This molding medium was placed in a nursery box, 200 g of Sasanishiki rice seeds were sown (converted to dry paddy) per nursery box, covered with Japanese paper impregnated with 0.7 g of each of N, P and K, and germination was carried out at room temperature of 32 ° C. 2 by stacking method in the container
Then, greening was carried out for 2 days in a greening room at room temperature of 25 ° C. by a rack-sided method. The weight of the nursery box before emergence is 2.2k
It was g. At the stage when it came out of the greening room, Japanese paper was dissolved in water and was in a disjointed state.
A total of 4 days of the total seedling raising period was followed by transplantation of 0.4 leaf-aged seedlings that had been completely reforested with milk. As a pot for transplanting, a plastic container (60 x 30 x 30 cm) containing about 15 cm of unfertilized paddy soil was used, and 3 plants per plant were scraped off to simulate the rice planting machine. Seedlings were transplanted at 40 strains (4 rows × 10 rows) per container. 6-10c with "shallow water" ward that floods 2-3 cm above the ground immediately after transplantation
6 pots of “deep water” were made to flood the m, and half of them were carried into Biotron at 25 ° C. and 17 ° C., respectively. After that, it was grown once a day for 10 days while checking the water depth. Sampling survey at the end of greening (at the time of transplantation)
It was performed twice 5 days after transplantation. Those at the time of transplantation were sampled directly from the nursery box, and those on the 10th day after transplantation were sampled at each temperature and water depth. The number of samples was 20 seedlings per pot including the time of transplantation. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 3 In the same manner as in Example 1 except that newsprint was used instead of Japanese paper, a 0.4-leaf-aged, fully-greened seedling was obtained in a seedling raising period of 4 days. At this time, the weight of the seedling raising box for emerged seedlings was 2.25 kg.

Comparative Example 1 A completed seedling of a milk seedling was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the conventional Japanese paper was replaced with a conventional soil containing 0.05% by weight of each of N, P and K. The weight of the nursery box at this time was 4.4 kg. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0015]

[Table 1]

Industrial Applicability As described above, according to the present invention, a seedling box is filled with a molding medium, seed rice is sown on the molding medium, and seedlings are sown on the molding medium. The method of raising rice seedlings and the use of sheets made of paper instead of heavy soil covering the soil will eliminate the problem of obtaining natural soil and will significantly reduce the weight of the nursery box. This has a remarkable effect of reducing the burden of.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for raising paddy rice, which comprises filling a molding medium in a seedling raising box, sowing seeds on the forming medium, and raising seedlings of rice to cover the seedling with a sheet-like material after sowing. 2. The seedling-growing sheet according to claim 1, wherein the sheet material is paper. 3. The seedling-growing sheet according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the sheet-like material is coated with or impregnated with fertilizer.