JPH0489920A - Foundation for vegetation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a vegetation foundation suitable for growing of plant by mixing tree-planting aggregate including a water absorptive expansion mate rial with a granular aggregate for concrete, sprinkling a binder for consolidation over the mixture, and coupling and solidifying in the form of porous concrete. CONSTITUTION:A soil base for vegetation, a water absorptive expansion mate rial which expands when absorbing water, and a water soluble binder are mixed together, and this mixture is molded and solidified in the form of grains, and thus tree-planting aggregate 4... is fabricated. This aggregate 4... is mixed with a granular aggregate 3... for concrete, and thereover an inter-aggregate consolidating binder is sprinkled, and thereby they are coupled and solidified in the form of porous concrete while continued voids are left inside. Thus, a vegetation foundation 1 is prepared. After this preparation, the voids in the porous concrete are filed with the constituents of the tree-planting aggregate 4... in association with water absorption and expansion of the water absorptive expansion material, which provides a three-phase distribution suitable for grow ing of plant as a whole.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a vegetation base for greening a mountain surface with exposed ground or a retaining wall surface formed of concrete or mortar.

(Conventional technology) Generally, the technical system of greening work, which involves planting vegetation on exposed areas of mountains, consists of three pillars: greening foundation work, vegetation work, and vegetation management work.

Among these, greening foundation works are aimed at improving, stably maintaining, and creating the vegetation base, and traditionally, in areas where forests and hillsides have been deeply cut down and the mountain surface is exposed,
Retaining walls, slopes, or thick base material spraying are being constructed to prevent soil from being washed away by rainwater, frost heaving, etc.

Retaining wall construction is a construction method that primarily covers slopes with concrete blocks or cast-in-place concrete walls, and retaining wall construction involves laying a lattice-shaped concrete frame on the mountain surface. Thick-layer base material spraying involves spraying soil mixed with seeds and fertilizer onto the slope, and preventing the soil from washing away by binding the soil with plant roots.

In such retaining wall construction and slope construction, even if the sliding of the growth base can be avoided, the aesthetic appearance is significantly impaired.In addition, thick-layer base material spraying works can cause root thread soil to fall if the slope slope is 60 degrees or more. Because the binding force decreases, even if vegetation is introduced, it will often grow thick for several years, or the built foundation will often be washed away by rainwater, frost heave, etc.

In addition, on rocky slopes such as bedrock or rock-like slopes, even if a vegetation base is created by thick-layer base material spraying, the rocky slopes have no water permeability, so even light rain can cause the ground surface to deteriorate. Floods tend to wash away the built foundation, and even if vegetation is added, it quickly declines, making it extremely difficult to restore permanent greenery even if it can be grown occasionally. This was a major problem in terms of conservation.

On the other hand, in recent years, granular coarse aggregate is sprinkled with cement paste and solidified to connect with each other to form continuous voids inside.Bosra concrete is laid on the slope, and top soil is applied to the surface of the concrete. A method of greening by filling the voids (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 114204/1983, Japanese Patent Publication No. 53/1983
8-10535), and a method in which a highly water-absorbing resin is accommodated in the voids of porous concrete in order to increase its water retention (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-532).
It is being developed.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In general, soil necessary for growing plants needs to have a three-phase distribution of a solid phase, a liquid phase, and a gas phase, or satisfy certain conditions. The solid phase mainly holds the roots of plants and is a necessary condition for keeping the plants in place, while the liquid phase holds water containing nutrients necessary for plant growth and uses capillary action to transport soil pore water to root hairs. In addition, the gas phase is necessary for the respiration of root hair,
This is a condition that supplies air for microbial activity in the soil, decomposition of organic matter, etc.

The conventional method of using porous concrete as a base and pouring soil on top of it satisfies the necessary conditions for the solid phase and gas phase of the three-phase distribution described above, but the Since the soil is not sufficiently filled with soil, the amount of water retained is small, and if there is not a thick layer of soil on the top surface, plants will be unable to grow due to dryness and will die in a short period of time.

In addition, with the conventional method of storing water-absorbing polymers in the voids of porous concrete mentioned above, high water retention is obtained during the five rainy seasons and satisfies the liquid phase condition, but when drying, the water-absorbing polymers are There was a time when the roots would shrink, the gas phase would become larger, impairing the liquid phase conditions, cut off water absorption through capillary development, and the roots would no longer be able to grow.

In view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention has been developed by absorbing water once after construction, so that even when there is no additional soil layer, the liquid phase in porous concrete becomes suitable for water retention and water absorption through capillary action, even during dry periods. The purpose is to provide a vegetation base in which the conditions are maintained and the three-phase distribution maintains the conditions necessary for plant growth.

(Means for Achieving the Object) The features of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned conventional problems and achieving the intended purpose are: The greening aggregate, which is formed by mixing green material and a water-soluble binder and solidifying it into granules, is mixed with granular aggregate for concrete, and each aggregate is sprinkled with a binder for consolidation between the aggregates, leaving continuous voids inside. It exists in a vegetation base that is connected and solidified.

The greening aggregate may contain vegetation seeds and fertilizers, and in this case, plants will grow by simply absorbing water after the foundation is constructed.

The water-absorbing and swelling material includes irreversible water-swelling clay that expands when it absorbs water, such as attaparagite, and does not shrink even after drying, and/or water-swelling material, such as sodium alginate.
A and/or water-absorbing polymers can be used.

A mixture of organic and/or inorganic granular, powder and fibrous materials can be used as the soil base material for vegetation.

The granular aggregate for concrete can be a coarse granular aggregate such as crushed stone or a mixture of the granular aggregate and a fine granular aggregate.

Furthermore, the mixing ratio of the greening aggregate and the granular aggregate for concrete is preferably 3:5 to 5:5 (volume ratio).

In addition, the vegetation base of the present invention can be used as a retaining wall to prevent slope collapse by directly creating it on a slope where the ground surface is not exposed. It can also be built on rock surfaces that are not covered.

Furthermore, blocks formed into blocks can be lined up to form a vegetation base.

(Function) When constructing the vegetation base of the present invention, greening aggregate and granular aggregate for concrete serve as aggregates, and are formed into a porous concrete shape in which continuous voids are formed between each aggregate.

After construction, the water-soluble binder of the greening aggregate gradually erodes due to water absorption from rainfall, etc., and the water-absorbing and expanding material absorbs water and attempts to expand. On the other hand, the peripheral surface of the edged aggregate is covered with binder for consolidation between aggregates, but the surrounding coating is destroyed by the expansion force due to water absorption of the water-absorbing swelling agent, and the contents spread into the voids between the aggregates. , the voids in porous concrete composed of granular aggregate for concrete and solidified binder for aggregate are filled with an expanded greening aggregate composition, and the voids are filled with gas and liquid phases suitable for plant growth. conditions, and the overall three-phase distribution becomes appropriate for plant growth.

In addition, during the dry period, the water content in the water-absorbing and expanding material decreases,
Even if the green aggregate itself is reduced, the other green aggregate constituents remain spread out within the voids, and the three-phase distribution does not change significantly.

(Example) Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The composition of the greening aggregate used in the present invention may be as follows.

Greening aggregate composition example 1 (large amount of organic material) Water-absorbing swelling material Water-absorbing swelling clay 15 (by volume) Water-absorbing polymer 2 Soil base material and fertilizer Peat moss 45 Park compost 10 Bagasse powder 5 Urea fertilizer 5 Inorganic Serapora powder 1゜1/2C&C15 Biocarbon 1゜31F for binder poval seeds 2 Greening aggregate composition example 2 (large amount of inorganic material) Water-absorbing swelling material Water-absorbing swelling clay 15 (parts by volume) Water-absorbing polymer 2 Soil base material and fertilizer Organic peat moss 40 Bagasse powder 5 Urea fertilizer 5 Inorganic vermiculite (grain) 10 Zeolite (grain) 10 Serapora (grain) 5 1/2 C&C (powder) 5 Biocarbon 10 Binder Poval 31F for seeds Water-absorbing swelling material Water-absorbing swelling clay Water-absorbing polymer Soil base material and fertilizer organic matter peat moss park compost bagasse powder urea fertilizer inorganic material verculite (granules) zeolite (granules) Ceravola (powder) Biocarbon binder Sodium alginate 15 (parts by volume) 31F for seeds 2 Coating material Poval 5 In addition, the above-mentioned greening aggregate In Composition Example 3, alginate-based soda as a binder is a water-soluble organic substance, and serves as a soil base material and fertilizer, and also exhibits the effect of a water-absorbing and expanding material. Further, in Composition Example 3, the coating material was mixed with other components, molded into particles, and then coated on the surface. This is because sodium alginate, which is used as a binder and water-swellable organic substance, inhibits the solidification of cement.

Next, an example in which the present invention is used for greening a retaining wall on a slope made of a mortar sprayed surface will be described.

In the figure, 1 is a vegetation base according to the present invention, and 2 is a slope. The vegetation base 1 is a porous material made by mixing concrete granules 3 made of crushed stone, the above-mentioned granular greening aggregate 4, and a binder made of cement paste made by adding water to Portland cement in a fixed ratio, and forming continuous voids 5 inside. It is made of concrete. The mixing ratio of granular aggregate for concrete 3 and greening aggregate 4 is 7:3 to 5.
:5, and the particle size of both aggregates 3.4 is diameter III/
1 to 9n/n is in a normal distribution state.

When the vegetation base 1 is first created, as shown in Figure 2, granular aggregate for concrete 3 and greening aggregate 4 are mixed at a certain ratio, and both aggregates 3 and 4 form a porous concrete-like structure. As time passes, the greening aggregate 4 absorbs water, and the water-absorbing and expanding material inside expands 1-1. Due to the expansion force, the outer shell formed by the binder 8 is destroyed, and the contents are transferred to the voids 5 as shown in FIG. It spreads inside.

The porous conk and Lid 1 after the greening aggregate 4 has been expanded and destroyed does not have any practical problems as long as it has a compressive strength of 20 kg/- or more for 4 weeks, but for example, if it is a base slope or If the adhesion to the porous concrete is low and there is a risk of it falling off, such as a blown mortar surface, use the anchor 6 on the base slope 2 or spray cement paste etc. on the base slope in advance. It is desirable to adopt a method such as pouring porous concrete before hardening.

In addition, if the base slope 2 is soft or has a mixture of hard and soft areas, or if bending or tensile forces are applied to the porous concrete due to weather effects and damage is expected, welded wire mesh or diamond-shaped It is desirable to reinforce with gold 1iA7 such as wire mesh, reinforcing bars or fibers such as alkali-resistant glass fibers and organic fibers.

The thickness of porous concrete varies depending on the slope of the slope, the porosity, the type of plants expected to grow, etc., but it is usually 3 to 2.
Approximately 0 ■ is required. If the slope is gentle, the depth of roots of plants will be shallow, so it is preferable to use thicker porous concrete.Also, for plants that grow relatively large and have roots, such as woody plants, porous concrete is recommended. The larger the thickness, the better.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the vegetation base of the present invention consists of a greening aggregate obtained by mixing a water-absorbing and expanding material that expands when it absorbs water into a soil base material and solidifying it into granules, and concrete granules such as crushed stone. By connecting and solidifying the aggregate into a bolus concrete, the greening aggregate expands and breaks when it absorbs water after construction, filling even the smallest details of the voids between the soil base material or the granular aggregate for concrete. A liquid phase is formed in a continuous state that retains water by leaving an appropriate amount of gas phase and provides continuous capillary action, and once the greening aggregate is destroyed, it returns to its original state by drying. Since the soil remains spread out in the voids between the remaining aggregates, it does not change due to liquid phase conditions or dryness and wetness, permanently maintaining soil conditions favorable to vegetation. It is something that

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is an overall sectional view, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view immediately after molding, and FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the green aggregate after expansion. It is. 1... Vegetation base, 2... Slope, 3...
... Granular for concrete, 4 ... Greening aggregate, 5 ... Connection void, 6 ... Anchor,
7...Wire mesh.

Claims (7)

[Claims] (1) Greening aggregate, which is made by mixing a soil base material for vegetation, a water-absorbing and expanding material that expands by absorbing water, and a water-soluble binder and solidified into granules, is mixed with granular aggregate for concrete, and each A vegetation base made by sprinkling a binder for inter-aggregate consolidation on timber and connecting and solidifying it, leaving continuous voids inside. (2) Greening aggregate made by mixing soil base material for vegetation, water-absorbing and expanding material that expands by absorbing water, seeds and fertilizer for vegetation, and a water-soluble binder and solidifying it into granules is used as granular bone for concrete. This is a vegetation base that is made by mixing the aggregates with wood, sprinkling each aggregate with a binder to solidify between the aggregates, and connecting and solidifying them by leaving continuous voids inside. (3) The vegetation base according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water-absorbing and swelling material is water-absorbing and swelling clay that expands by absorbing water. (4) The vegetation base according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water supply expansion material is an organic substance that expands when water is supplied. (5) The vegetation base according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water-absorbing and expanding material is a granular water-absorbing polymer. (6) The soil base material for vegetation is a mixture of organic and/or inorganic granular materials, granular materials, and fibrous materials according to claim 1 to 3 or 4. Vegetation base. (7) The vegetation base according to claim 1 to 4 or 5, wherein the granular aggregate for concrete is granular coarse aggregate such as crushed stone or a mixture of granular coarse aggregate and granular fine aggregate. .