JPH0444526A - Built-up type concrete basement and execution method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To promote work efficiency in a construction site by placing cast-in- place concrete in the foundation bed after the perimeter of a basement is constructed. CONSTITUTION:The first second concrete units 10 are placed at four corners of a basement, and the concrete units 11A and 11B are placed to join with them. A square hole is formed on the foundation bed, cast-in-place concrete is placed therein, and it is compacted to complete a floor section of the basement body 1. Precast concrete panels 2a are erected on the floor section of the basement body 1, and they are joined in the direction of the face to construct a partition wall 2. After that, beams 13 are built on the upper end of the basement body 1 and the upper end of the partition wall 2 to complete the main section of the basement.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

"Industrial Field of Application" The present invention relates to a prefabricated concrete basement and a method for constructing a prefabricated concrete basement, which are suitable as basements for residential buildings, and particularly relates to a rectangular box-shaped basement body with an open top, and a method for constructing a prefabricated concrete basement. The present invention relates to a basement which is comprised of a partition wall disposed on the inside to partition the inside of the basement main body, and on which a building such as a house is placed, and a construction method thereof. ``Prior Art'' Due to the worsening housing situation in recent years, basements have been installed in ordinary houses as well. Traditionally, the basements of houses were often configured as underground storage, so the structure was also made up of, for example, container-shaped capsules.
It was installed in a hole dug in the ground using an anchor bolt, and then the hole was backfilled.
reference). However, since the basement of this type of configuration functions as an underground storage, the overall internal size is small and does not fully satisfy the functions required as a living room in a house. Therefore, in recent years, there has been a trend to make basements made of concrete and make the entire room larger. Such reinforced concrete basements are generally constructed using cast-in-place concrete, for example. First, use a power shovel or the like to excavate a bit wider than the basement site, then spread gravel at the bottom of the excavation, and pour concrete on top of the gravel. So-called foundation concrete construction will be carried out. Then, the floor reinforcing bars are arranged in a grid pattern, and concrete is poured onto the floor reinforcing bars. At this time, protruding bars connected to the side wall reinforcing bars protrude from the surface of the concrete at the positions where the side walls will be erected. Set it up so that it does. Next, after the concrete on the floor hardens, the vertical reinforcements of the sidewalls are connected to the protruding reinforcements protruding at predetermined positions, and the horizontal reinforcements are connected to these vertical reinforcements of the sidewalls, and the reinforcements of the sidewalls are constructed. Next, formwork was assembled on both sides of the constructed side wall reinforcing bars,
Concrete will be poured inside and the side walls will be constructed. After the concrete for the side walls has hardened, the formwork is dismantled and the space outside the side walls is filled in to complete the construction. ``Problem to be solved by the invention'' In the conventional basement technology described above, the construction work involved pouring concrete on-site, which had disadvantages such as poor work efficiency on-site and a long construction period. . Moreover, in construction work using cast-in-place concrete, when building side walls, it is necessary to provide space for assembling formwork on both sides of the side wall reinforcing bars, and the ground must be dug wider than the construction area. There were problems such as high cost. Therefore, as a result of intensive research to solve these problems, the inventors of the present invention found that if the entire basement is constructed by joining precast concrete units, work efficiency on site will be improved, and the basement can be constructed by simply installing the units. They came up with the idea that the area required for excavation would be small because this would result in the formation of However, simply dividing the inside of the basement into precast concrete units leaves problems to be solved, such as the units themselves becoming larger and the types of units increasing. Also, if the basement itself is precast, it is necessary to fill in the space between the ground and the unit to integrate them.
There remains the problem that the grouting work required for this purpose is time-consuming. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to be able to form a basement using fewer types of precast concrete units and to improve work efficiency on site. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a prefabricated concrete basement that can integrate the basement main body and the ground without grouting, and a method for constructing the same. "Means for Solving the Problems" In order to achieve the above object, the basement of the present invention includes a rectangular box-shaped basement body with an open top, and a basement body arranged inside the basement body to partition the inside of the basement body. A basement consisting of partition walls and on which a building constituting a house or the like is placed, the basement main body being located at a corner of the basement and at two adjacent edges of the bottom plate. a first concrete unit with a side plate section erected; and a second concrete unit arranged between the first concrete unit located at a corner of the basement and with a side plate section erected on the edge of the bottom plate section; When these first and second concrete units are assembled, a floor concrete part formed from cast-in-place concrete is formed inside a square hole surrounded by the bottom plate parts of the first and second concrete units. In addition, as a construction method for such a basement, a first concrete unit with side panels erected on two adjacent edges of the bottom panel is installed at the four corners of the basement, and these first concrete units are installed at the four corners of the basement. An L-shaped second concrete unit with a side plate erected on the edge of the bottom plate is placed between the concrete units, and after the adjacent concrete units are tightly connected to each other, the first and second concrete units are placed between the concrete units. A suitable method is to pour concrete by on-site pouring into the square hole surrounded by the bottom plate portions of the units when assembled. "Function" According to the present invention, the first concrete unit in which the side plate parts are erected on two adjacent edges of the bottom plate part is located in the corner part of the basement, and between these first concrete units, the L The surroundings of the basement can be constructed by arranging the second concrete units in the shape of a letter and joining the side and bottom plates of adjacent concrete units to each other, and then pouring concrete into the base by pouring on-site. By doing this, the main body of the basement, which is the main part of the basement, can be constructed, and the construction work at the site can be made more efficient. In addition, in the present invention, since most of the floor of the basement main body is formed of cast-in-place concrete, it is possible to integrate the basement main body and the foundation, and in particular, it is possible to omit grouting work after constructing the concrete unit. becomes possible. "Embodiment" An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9. In these figures, reference numeral G indicates a basement according to the present invention, and this basement G includes a rectangular box-shaped basement body 1 with an open top, and a basement body 1 arranged inside the basement body 1 so as to allow the inside of the basement body 1 to be viewed. The basic structure is mainly composed of a partition wall 2, and a building H constituting a house or the like is placed on top of the basement main body 1 and partition wall 2. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the basement main body 1 is located at the four corners of the basement, and has side plate portions 10b at two adjacent edges of the bottom plate portion 10a.
. Cast-in-place concrete is placed inside the square hole surrounded by the bottom plate parts 10a and lla when the first and second concrete units 10, IIA, and IIB are assembled. C constitutes the floor part, and the side plate parts 10b, loc, l of the concrete units 10.11A and 11B
A beam section 13 made of precast concrete is placed over the partition wall 2 and the partition wall 2 so that the building H can be placed thereon. Concrete unit 10, I that constitutes the basement main body 1
To explain specifically about IA and IIB, these concrete units 10, IIA, and 11B are each manufactured in advance in a factory to a predetermined shape and size. In the embodiment, the concrete units 10 constitute the four corners of the basement, and a plurality of second concrete units IIA and IIB are connected to each other to constitute the central side wall of the basement. It has become. In addition, these concrete units 10, IIA. Joint material is applied to the end face of 11B, and concrete unit 10. Needless to say, sufficient aqueous properties are ensured in IIA and IIB. In the embodiment, the first concrete unit 1
0 is mainly composed of a bottom plate part 10a having an elongated shape in the longitudinal direction of the basement, and a large width side plate part 10b and a small width side plate part 10c which are erected on two adjacent sides of this bottom plate part 10a. In addition, anchor reinforcements T are embedded in the end face of the bottom plate portion 10a in a state that protrudes from the end face in order to strengthen the connection with the floor made of cast-in-place concrete. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, joint hardware 22 is embedded in the joint end surfaces of the bottom plate portion 10a and the side plate portions 10b and 10c, respectively, and is fastened with bolts and nuts 20, 21. This allows the units to be joined together even more firmly. Note that, in addition to the joint hardware 22, an insert 2 may be installed in the bottom plate portion 10a of the concrete unit 10 as needed.
A recess 24 is formed in which a concrete unit 3 is buried, and adjacent concrete units 10 can be fixed via a connecting hardware 30 for connecting the units, which is fixed with a bolt 25 to an insert 23 buried in the recess 24 ( (See Figures 7 and 8). Moreover, FIG. 9 shows the connection structure between the side plate parts 10b110c and the beam part 13, and the beam part 13 is connected to the side plate parts 10b, 10c
It is fixed by screwing a long bolt 16 passing through the beam portion 13 into an insert 26 buried in the upper end of the beam. In the illustrated example, the long bolt 16 is mainly composed of a shaft body 16a formed with a male thread, and a nut 16c screwed onto the upper part of the shaft body 16a via a fixing plate 16b. There is. Next, to explain the second concrete unit llA111B, the concrete unit IIA that constitutes the side wall section along the longitudinal direction of the basement has a side plate section 11b having a width larger than that of the other concrete unit IIB, and a bottom plate section. The basic structure is such that concrete unit 11a is shorter than the other concrete unit IIB. More specifically, the bottom plate portion 11a of the concrete unit IIA is the same as the bottom plate portion 1 of the first concrete unit 10.
The bottom plate portion 11a of the concrete unit IIB is formed to match the length dimension of the bottom plate portion 10a of the first concrete unit 10. In addition, in these concrete units IIA and 11B, anchor reinforcements T are buried in the end surface of the bottom plate part 11a in a protruding state, and anchor reinforcements T are buried in the joint surfaces of the units (i.e., the end faces of the bottom plate part and the side plate parts). Water joint material is interposed to ensure watertightness, and concrete units IIA and IIB are buried in the end faces of the units as shown in Figures 5 and 6, for example. the bolt 20 via the joint hardware 22,
A beam part 13 made of precast concrete is integrated with a nut 21 and a frame is passed over the upper end of the side wall part.
The point of fixation is the same as that of the concrete unit 10 described above. On the other hand, each side plate portion llb of the blocks IIA and IIB,
An insert 26 for screwing in the long bolt 16 that fixes the beam part 13 is also buried in the upper end of the llc, and the bottom plate part 1
A recess 24 is formed in 1a, in which an insert 23 for fixing the connecting hardware 30 is buried, if necessary. Now, the first and second concrete units 10, I
Explaining the precast concrete beam section 13, which is passed over the upper ends of IA and IIB, it is formed into a rectangular column shape of concrete and connects the concrete units 10, IIA, and IIB in the longitudinal direction.
While fixing the upper end and the upper end of the partition wall 2,
It supports the first floor panel of an upper building (a house in the illustrated example) H. The partition wall 2 is formed in advance at a factory by standing a plurality of flat precast concrete panels 2a on a bottom plate and connecting them in the surface direction of the panels. The precast concrete panels 2a constituting the partition wall 2 may be erected by, for example, anchor bolts protruding from the floor of the basement main body 1, or joint hardware. The connection means may be implemented through joint metal fittings connected by bolts and nuts. By the way, for the house H, for example, a unitized floor panel is laid on the beam part 13, and a first floor wall panel, a second floor floor panel, and a second floor wall panel are assembled thereon.
Furthermore, the structure of the house is not limited to these, but it can be constructed using conventional construction methods. It may be a property, a unit house, etc. In addition, in the case of a house constructed using each of the panel construction methods described above, the connection between the house and the beam is achieved by, for example, providing an anchor bolt protruding from the upper surface of the beam, and attaching panels such as walls and floors via the anchor bolt. All you have to do is integrate them. Next, the construction method and operation of the concrete prefabricated basement constructed as described above will be explained. First, each precast concrete unit 10, IIA, and IIB constituting the basement main body 1 is manufactured at a factory.
It is formed in advance by integrally pouring concrete or the like into a certain size and shape. Then, these units are transported to the work site by truck, and at this time, the basement main body l is connected to the first concrete unit 10 constituting the corner part and the L-shaped concrete unit 10 disposed between this unit 10. Since it is composed of the second concrete units IIA and 11B,
Basically, it is sufficient to transport precast concrete products in two forms from the factory, and when the form of the basement is enlarged, the second concrete units IIA and 11B sandwiched between the first concrete units 10 are used. This can be achieved by increasing the number of concrete units, so there is no need to increase the size of the concrete unit itself, making it extremely easy to transport to the site. Next, to assemble the basement at the site, the roots of the ground where the basement is to be constructed are cut, a hole of a specified size is dug, and then the process of quarrying the ground and placing concrete is carried out. , the foundation is constructed, and at this time, the concrete unit 10 and 11A111B are installed by embedding steel pipes that serve as level standards. Next, each concrete unit is lowered from the truck using a crane or the like, and these units are assembled and joined one after another, and the assembly order is performed, for example, by the steps described below. Note that the construction process described below is an example, and it goes without saying that other processes may be used.

[Installing the corner unit]

The first installation starts with the corner unit 10 that determines the layout of the basement, and this unit 10 is placed at the four corners of the basement.

[Installation of the second unit 1 Once the first concrete unit 10 is installed at the four corners of the basement, the second concrete units IIA and I are installed based on these concrete units IO.
The IB is installed and joined. At this time (when joining concrete units 10111A and 11B), each concrete unit 1O1IIAS
A connecting hardware 3o is passed between IIB, and each unit is integrated via a joint hardware embedded in the joint surfaces of these units. [Concrete floor construction 1] Once the concrete units 10, IIA, and IIB are joined inside the root cut holes through the above process, a square hole will be made at the base position, so this part will be poured on-site. By pouring concrete and compacting it, the floor of the basement main body l is completed. [Construction of partition walls and beams] Once the construction of the basement main body 1 is completed through the above steps, the precast concrete panels 2a are erected on the floor of the basement main body 1, and they are joined in the plane direction. Partition wall 2 will be constructed. Thereafter, the beam portions 13 are passed over the upper ends of the side walls of the basement main body 1 and the upper ends of the partition walls 2 to complete the main part of the basement. After completing the construction of the basement main body 1 and the partition wall 2 as described above, and completing the interior finishing work, etc., the basement as shown in FIG. 1 is completed. On the other hand, in the construction of the house H, for example, if the house is mainly composed of panels, a unitized floor panel is laid on the beam part 13, and the first and second floors are constructed on top of the unitized floor panel. A method is used to construct a building by assembling the wall panels, then assembling frames, timber, etc., and then assembling the roof panels. In addition, each wall panel of the first floor portion may be integrated by inserting a hole at the lower end of the wall panel into an anchor bolt protruding from the upper surface of a concrete beam and tightening the bolt. According to the above procedure, the concrete units 10, IIA, and IIB are installed along the walls of the excavation hole, and the basement main body 1 is constructed from around them.
Assembled concrete unit 10, IIA, II
B serves as an earth retaining wall, which has the advantage that construction work inside the basement can be easily carried out on site. In the example, the basement main body 1 is precast by a first concrete unit 10 that forms the corner part of the basement and L-shaped second concrete units IIA, ]lB that form the side walls of the basement. In this case, the basement main body 1 can be formed only by joining these units and pouring concrete that will constitute the floor, and assembly can be easily carried out on site. In addition, in the embodiment, adjacent concrete units have a joint fitting 22 and a connecting fitting 3 buried in the end face of the unit.
Since the concrete unit and the concrete floor plate are connected to each other through 0, the concrete unit and the concrete floor plate are firmly connected to each other, and there is an advantage that the strength of the entire basement main body 1 can be improved. Moreover, since the structure is such that the house H is assembled on the beam part 13 of the basement main body 1 constructed in this way as a foundation, the construction work of the foundation that was conventionally necessary can be omitted, and As a result, a basement can be formed without being restricted by the location of the foundation, so there is an advantage that a large basement can be easily constructed. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and it goes without saying that the size of the unit, etc. can be changed depending on the design requirements. "Effects of the Invention" As explained above, the present invention provides the following excellent effects. (a) The prefabricated concrete basement according to claim 1 comprises:
The basement consists of a rectangular box-shaped basement with an open top, and a partition wall placed inside the basement to partition the interior of the basement, on which a building such as a house is placed. In the basement, the basement main body is divided into a first concrete unit located at a corner of the basement and having side panels erected on two adjacent edges of a bottom plate, and a first concrete unit located at the corner of the basement. a second concrete unit arranged between the concrete units and having a side plate section erected on the edge of the bottom plate section;
and a floor concrete part formed from cast-in-place concrete inside the square hole surrounded by the bottom plate part of the second concrete unit when assembled, so each concrete product The main body of the basement can be easily formed by the simple work of interconnecting the parts and the work of pouring into the floor, and the work efficiency on site can be improved. In addition, in the present invention, a partition wall is erected inside the basement main body, and a frame made of precast concrete is passed between the basement main body and the upper end of the partition wall, so that the inside of the basement main body is partitioned and a house etc. It also has the advantage of being able to mount the buildings that make up the building, making it possible to omit the construction of a housing foundation. In addition, in the present invention, since most of the floor of the basement main body is formed of cast-in-place concrete, the basement main body and the base can be integrated, and in particular, grouting work after concrete unit construction can be omitted. It also has the effect of making it possible. (b) The method for constructing a basement according to claim 2 is to install a first concrete unit in which side panels are erected on two adjacent edges of a bottom panel at the four corners of the basement; A second L-shaped concrete unit with a side plate erected on the edge of the bottom plate is placed between the first concrete unit, and after the adjacent concrete units are tightly connected to each other, the first and second concrete units are placed between the first and second concrete units. When the concrete unit is assembled, concrete is cast in the square hole surrounded by the bottom plate of the concrete unit, so that the basement can be manufactured effectively and appropriately. It's also effective.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are shown to explain an example of a prefabricated concrete basement and its construction method according to the present invention, and FIG. Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the outline of the basement before floor construction, Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the outline of the basement after floor construction, and Figure 4 is before floor construction. Fig. 5 is a plan view showing the joint structure of adjacent concrete units, Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view thereof, Fig. 7 is a plan view showing the connecting hardware connecting adjacent concrete units, Fig. 8 The figure is a sectional view thereof, and FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing the joint structure of the beam portion. G... Basement, H... House, C...
... Concrete floor part, 1 ... Basement main body,
2... Partition wall, lO... First concrete unit, IIA, 11B... Second
concrete unit, 13... precast concrete beam section, 16... long bolt,
22...Joint hardware, 30...Connection hardware.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) Consisting of a rectangular box-shaped basement main body with an open top surface and a partition wall arranged inside the basement main body to partition the inside of the basement main body, and a house etc. is constructed on top of these. The basement is adapted to house a building, and the basement main body includes a first concrete unit that is located at a corner of the basement and has side panels erected on two adjacent edges of a bottom panel; When these first and second concrete units are assembled with a second concrete unit that is arranged between the first concrete units located at the corner of the A prefabricated concrete basement characterized by comprising a floor concrete part formed from cast-in-place concrete inside a square hole surrounded by the bottom plate part. 2) Consisting of a rectangular box-shaped basement with an open top and a partition wall placed inside the basement to partition the inside of the basement, and on which a building such as a house is placed. A construction method for a basement in which a first concrete unit with side panels erected on two adjacent edges of a bottom panel is installed at the four corners of the basement, and these first concrete units are installed at four corners of the basement. A second L-shaped concrete unit with a side plate erected on the edge of the bottom plate is placed between them, and after the adjacent concrete units are tightly connected to each other, the first and second concrete units are connected. A construction method for a prefabricated concrete basement, characterized by pouring concrete by on-site pouring into a square hole surrounded by the bottom plate parts when assembled.