JP2877896B2 - Concrete basement basement - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

"Industrial application field" The present invention relates to an assembled concrete basement suitable as a basement of a house, and in particular, a rectangular box-shaped basement main body having an open upper surface, and a basement main body disposed inside the basement main body. The present invention relates to a basement comprising partition walls for partitioning the interior, and on which a building constituting a house or the like is mounted. "Conventional technology" Basements have been installed even in ordinary houses due to the deterioration of housing conditions in recent years. Conventionally, in many cases, the basement of a house is configured as an underground storage, and its structure is also obtained, for example, by mounting a container-shaped capsule through a hole dug in the ground via an anchor bolt and refilling the hole. (For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-15663, "Underground storage and its manufacturing method")
reference). However, since the basement having such a configuration functions as an underground storage, the inside size is small as a whole, and the function required as a living room of a house is not sufficiently satisfied. Therefore, in recent years, there has been a tendency to make the entire room larger by making the basement concrete. Such a reinforced concrete basement is generally constructed, for example, by cast-in-place concrete. This is, first, using a power shovel or the like to perform excavation work slightly wider than the site of the basement, and then lay a gravel or the like at the bottom, and lay concrete on the gravel or the like, Perform the construction of so-called basic concrete. Then, the floor reinforcing bars are arranged in a grid pattern, and concrete is poured into the floor reinforcing bars. At this time, the projecting reinforcing bars connected to the reinforcing bars of the side walls project from the surface of the concrete at the positions where the side walls are erected. It is arranged so that it does. Next, after the concrete on the floor is hardened, the vertical bars on the side walls are connected to the projecting bars projecting at predetermined positions, and the horizontal bars are connected to the vertical bars on these side walls, and the reinforcing bars on the side walls are constructed. Next, a formwork is assembled on both sides of the rebar on the constructed side wall, and concrete is poured into the formwork to construct the side wall. Then, after the concrete on the side wall is solidified, the formwork is dismantled, and the space outside the side wall is filled to complete it. “Problems to be solved by the invention” However, in the conventional basement technology, since the construction work is the construction work of cast-in-place concrete, there are disadvantages such as poor work efficiency on site and a long construction period. Was. Moreover, in the construction work using cast-in-place concrete,
When constructing the side wall, it is necessary to provide a space for assembling the formwork on both sides of the side wall rebar, and it is necessary to dig deeper than the construction area, resulting in higher costs. Was. Therefore, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve these problems, and as a result, if the entire basement is constructed by joining precast concrete units, the work efficiency at the site is improved, and the basement can be installed only by installing the unit. Is formed, so that the excavation area can be reduced. However, even if the interior of the basement is simply partitioned and divided into precast concrete units, there are still problems to be solved such as the size of the units themselves being increased and the types thereof being increased. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the object thereof is to enable a basement to be formed by a small number of types of precast concrete units, thereby improving work efficiency on site, and An object of the present invention is to provide an assembling basement made of concrete that can simplify construction of a housing foundation and reduce construction costs. "Means for Solving the Problems" In order to achieve this object, the basement of the present invention is provided with a rectangular box-shaped basement main body having an open upper surface, and disposed inside the basement main body to partition the inside of the basement main body. A basement that is composed of partition walls and on which a building that constitutes a house or the like is to be mounted, wherein the basement body is:
A first concrete unit located at a corner of a basement and having side plates erected on two adjacent edges of the bottom plate, and a first concrete unit located at a corner of the basement and aligned with the bottom plate A second concrete unit having a side plate erected at the edge of the portion, and a square hole buried in the square hole surrounded by the bottom plate portion when the first and second concrete units are assembled. The first and second concrete units are formed at the upper ends of the side plates and are formed so as to have a flat upper end and a thickness greater than the thickness of the side plates. The strut portion acting as a beam is formed from one end to the other end in the length direction of the side plate portion. According to the present invention, the first concrete unit having the side plates erected on two adjacent edges of the bottom plate is positioned at the corner of the basement, and L is placed between the first concrete units. The basement can be constructed by arranging the second concrete units in the shape of a letter and joining the side plate portions and the bottom plate portions of adjacent concrete units to each other, and then mounting the concrete floor plate on the base portion, thereby forming the basement room. The main body of the basement can be constructed, and the construction work on site can be made more efficient. Further, in the present invention, the first and second concrete units, which are the main parts of the basement body, are integrally provided with the ligaments, so that the ligaments receive the load of the building constituting the house. And these allow the underground unit itself to act as a foundation for a house. Further, since the upper end is flat and the ridge portion formed to be thicker than the thickness of the side plate portion is formed from one end to the other end in the length direction of the side plate portion, a general foundation of a house or the like is used. It becomes the same shape as the cloth foundation which is a simple shape, it can be used as the foundation of a general house, and the construction method of the house and the like can be easily performed on the lying beam part by the same construction method as that of the cloth foundation. Can be built. Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. In these drawings, reference numeral G denotes a basement according to the present invention, and the basement G has a rectangular box-shaped basement main body 1 having an open upper surface, and a basement main body 1 which is disposed inside the basement main body 1 and has an inside. It has a basic structure mainly composed of a partition wall 2 for partitioning, and a building H constituting a house or the like is placed on the basement body 1 and the partition wall 2. The basement body 1 includes a first concrete unit 10 which is located at four corners of the basement and has side plates 10b and 10c erected on two adjacent edges of the bottom plate 10a. And a side plate 11b is erected on the edge of the bottom plate 11a.
Of the concrete units 11A and 11B, and their bottom plate portions when the first and second concrete units 10, 11A and 11B are assembled.
The floor portion is constituted by a flat concrete floor plate 12 laid inside a square hole surrounded by 10a, 11a, and the side plate portions 10b, 10c, 11b of the concrete units 10, 11A, 11B and the partition wall. The ridges 13 are integrally formed on the upper ends of the two, respectively, so that the building H is mounted on the ridges 13. Concrete units 10 and 11 constituting basement 1
The concrete units A, 11B will be described in detail. These concrete units 10, 11A, 11B are each manufactured in a predetermined shape and size at a factory in advance, and the first concrete unit among these concrete units 10, 11A, 11B is 10 is configured to form four corners of the basement in the embodiment, and a plurality of second concrete units 11A and 11B are joined to each other to form a central side wall of the basement. I have. In addition, joint materials are applied to the end faces of these concrete units 10, 11A, and 11B so that the concrete units 10, 11A, and 11B can be used.
Needless to say, sufficient water tightness is ensured for A and 11B. In the embodiment, the first concrete unit 10
Is a bottom plate 10a that is elongated in the longitudinal direction of the basement, a large side plate 10b erected on two adjacent sides of the bottom plate 10a, and a side plate 10 that is narrower than the side plate 10b.
c is mainly composed. At the upper ends of the side plate portions 10b and 10c, a ridge portion 13 that is formed with a flat upper end and is thicker than the plate thickness of the side plate portions 10b and 10c and acts as a beam is provided from one end in the length direction of the side plate portions. It is formed over the edge. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a joint fitting 22 having a structure to be fixed by bolts / nuts 20 and 21 is buried in and joined to the joint end faces of the bottom plate portion 10a and the side plate portions 10b and 10c, respectively. Units can be joined more firmly. In addition, in the bottom plate portion 10a of the concrete unit 10, a recess 24 in which an insert 23 is embedded as necessary is formed separately from the fitting hardware 22, and a bolt 25 is fixed to the insert 23 embedded in the recess 24. Consolidation hardware for consolidation
Adjacent concrete units 10 can be fixed to each other via 30 (see FIGS. 5 and 6). Next, the second concrete units 11A and 11B will be described. The concrete unit 11A forming the side wall along the longitudinal direction of the basement has a larger width of the side plate portion 11b than the other concrete unit 11B. It has a basic structure in which the bottom plate portion 11a is formed shorter than the other concrete unit 11B. More specifically, the bottom plate 1 of the concrete unit 11A
1a is formed in accordance with the width dimension of the bottom plate portion 10a of the first concrete unit 10, and the concrete unit
The bottom plate portion 11a of 11B is formed according to the length of the bottom plate portion 10a of the first concrete unit 10. In these concrete units 11A and 11B, the upper ends of the side plates 11A and 11B are flat.
Lie beam part 1 that is formed thicker than b and acts as a beam
3 is formed from one end to the other end in the length direction of the side plate portion, and a jointing material for stopping water is interposed on a joint surface between the units (ie, end surfaces of the bottom plate portion and the side plate portion). The water tightness is ensured, and the concrete units 11A and 11B are connected to each other by bolts 20 through joint fittings 22 buried in the end faces of the units as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, for example. The point integrated by the nut 21 is the same as that of the concrete unit 10 described above. Needless to say, the bottom plate 11a of each of the blocks 11A and 11B is formed with a recess 24 in which an insert 23 for fixing the connecting hardware 30 is embedded as necessary. Concrete slab 12 constituting the floor of basement 1
Has a rectangular shape whose width and length are formed according to the width and length of the bottom plate of the concrete units 10, 11A and 11B, respectively, and each concrete floor plate 12 has bolts and nuts. Are fixed via a joint fitting 22 configured to be connected by the joint. These concrete floor plates 12 may be connected, if necessary, to connecting hardware
It may be fixed via a. On the other hand, the partition wall 2 is formed by previously arranging a plurality of precast concrete panels 2a formed in a plate shape on a concrete floor plate 12 in a factory and connecting them in the plane direction of the panel 2a. The upper end of the concrete panel 2a has a flat
Lie beam that is formed thicker than 2a and acts as a beam
2b is formed from one end to the other end in the length direction of the side plate portion. The standing means of the precast concrete panel 2a constituting the partition wall 2 may be fixed, for example, via an anchor bolt or a joint fitting protruding from the bottom plate portion of the basement body 1, and the panels may be connected to each other. The connecting means may be implemented via a joint hardware connected by bolts and nuts. By the way, as the house H, for example, a unitized floor panel is laid on the beam portion 13, and a first-floor wall panel, a second-floor floor panel, and a second-floor wall panel are assembled thereon.
Furthermore, there is a configuration in which a roof panel is assembled by forming a frame, a wooden frame, and the like, but the configuration of a house is not limited to such a configuration and is constructed by a conventional construction method. It may be a thing or a unit house. In addition, in the case of a house by each panel method, the joint between the house and the beam portion is provided, for example, by protruding an anchor bolt on the upper surface of the beam portion, and panels such as walls and floors are provided via the anchor bolt. What is necessary is just to integrate. Next, the operation of the thus constructed concrete assembling basement will be described in accordance with its construction method. First, each precast concrete unit 10, 11 A, 11 B and the concrete floor plate 12
Is formed in a factory by casting it into a predetermined size and shape in advance using concrete or the like. These units and the like are transported to a work site by a truck. At this time, the basement main body 1 includes a first concrete unit 10 forming a corner portion and an L-shape disposed between the units. Second concrete units 11A and 11B, and a flat concrete floor plate
Because it is composed of 12, the basement can be built with precast concrete products in basically three forms, especially when the form of the basement is enlarged,
This can be achieved by increasing the number of the second concrete units 11A and 11B sandwiched between the first concrete units 10, so that it is not necessary to increase the size of the concrete unit itself, and the transportability to the site is extremely excellent. can do. Next, at the site, in order to assemble the basement, the ground is to be cut off to construct the basement, a hole of a predetermined size is dug, and then the splittering process and the concrete dumping process are performed. Construction of the base part, and at this time, concrete units 10, 11A, 11B, concrete floor
Embed steel pipes that will be the standard for 12 installation levels. Next, each concrete unit is hung from a truck using a crane or the like, and these are combined one after another and joined together. The assembling order is performed by, for example, a process described below. In addition, the construction process described below is an example, and it is needless to say that another process may be performed.

[Installation of corner unit]

The first installation starts with the corner unit 10 that determines the location of the basement, and places this unit 10 at the four corners of the basement.

[Installation of Second Unit] After the first concrete units 10 have been installed at the four corners of the basement, the second concrete units 11A and 11B are installed and joined based on these concrete units 10. At this time (when joining the concrete units 10, 11A, and 11B), the connecting hardware 30 is inserted between the concrete units 10, 11A, and 11B, and each unit is connected via the fitting hardware buried in the joint surface of these units. Are integrated.

[Laying concrete floorboards]

When the concrete units 10, 11A and 11B are joined inside the root hole by the above process, a square hole is opened at the base part, so concrete floor boards 13 are installed in this part one after another and joined Then, the floor of the basement 1 will be completed.

[Construction of partition walls and beams]

When the construction of the basement body 1 is completed by the above steps, the precast concrete panels 2a are erected on the floor of the basement body 1, and they are joined in the plane direction to construct the partition wall 2. When the construction of the basement body 1 and the partition wall 2 is completed as described above, grout is injected between the floor and the base of the basement body 1, and the gap between the floor and the base is removed. Is filled with grout, and the bottom plate of each precast concrete product is adhered to the foundation. Then, when the internal finishing work and the like are finally completed, the basement as shown in FIG. 1 is completed. On the other hand, in the construction of the house H, for example, when the structure of the house is mainly composed of a panel, the house H is placed on the lying beam portion 13 integrated with the upper ends of the side plates of the concrete units 10, 11A and 11B. A method of laying unitized floor panels, assembling the first and second floor wall panels on top of it, assembling the roof panels with frames, timbers, etc., and constructing a building is adopted. Can be In addition, each wall panel on the first floor portion may be integrated by dropping a hole at the lower end of the wall panel into an anchor bolt protruding from the upper surface of the concrete beam portion and tightening the bolt. According to the above procedure, the concrete units 10, 11A, and 11B are installed along the walls of the excavation holes, and the basement body 1 is constructed from the surroundings, so that the assembled concrete units 10, 11A And 11B serve as earth retaining walls, and there is an advantage that construction work inside the basement room can be easily performed at the site. In the embodiment, the basement body 1 is composed of a first concrete unit 10 forming a corner of the basement and an L-shaped second concrete unit forming the side wall of the basement.
11A, 11B, and concrete floor plate 12 that further forms the floor
Thus, the basement body 1 can be formed by a simple operation of joining the concrete unit and the concrete floorboard at the site, respectively, and the assembly at the site can be easily performed. Also, in the embodiment, the adjacent concrete unit is
Joint fitting 22 and connecting hardware 30 buried in the unit end face
, The concrete unit and the concrete floor plate are firmly joined together, and there is an advantage that the strength of the entire basement body 1 can be improved. In addition, the ligament 13 of the basement body 1 thus configured
As a basis, the house H is assembled on this, so that the construction work of the foundation which was conventionally required can be omitted, and the basement can be constructed without being restricted by the position of the foundation. Since it can be formed, there is an advantage that a large basement can be easily constructed. Further, since the upper end is flat and the ridge portion formed to be thicker than the thickness of the side plate portion is formed from one end to the other end in the length direction of the side plate portion, a general foundation of a house or the like is used. It becomes the same shape as the cloth foundation which is a simple shape, it can be used as the foundation of a general house, and the construction method of the house and the like can be easily performed on the lying beam part by the same construction method as that of the cloth foundation. Can be built. Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it goes without saying that the size and the like of the unit can be changed in accordance with the design requirements and the like. In addition, as a matter of course, an opening or the like constituting the entrance is formed in each block of the portion forming the entrance of the room, if necessary. [Effects of the Invention] As described above, the present invention includes a rectangular box-shaped basement main body having an open upper surface, and a partition wall provided inside the basement main body and partitioning the inside of the basement main body, and A basement in which a building constituting a house or the like is mounted on the basement, wherein the basement body is located at a corner of the basement and has a side plate standing upright on two adjacent edges of a bottom plate. And a second concrete unit arranged between a first concrete unit located at a corner of a basement and having a side plate erected at an edge of a bottom plate, and a first concrete unit and a second concrete unit It is composed of a plurality of flat concrete floor boards laid so as to fill the square hole inside the square hole surrounded by those bottom plate parts when the unit is assembled, and
At the upper end of the side plate portion of the first and second concrete units, a ligating portion having a flat upper end formed to be thicker than the side plate portion and acting as a beam is provided from one end to the other end in the length direction of the side plate portion. Therefore, the following excellent effects can be obtained. (A) a first concrete unit in which a basement main body which is a main part of a basement skeleton is located at a corner of the basement and has side plates erected at two adjacent edges of a bottom plate;
A second concrete unit, which is arranged between the first concrete units located at the corners of the basement and has side plates erected on the edge of the bottom plate, and a base unit on which the basement is to be placed; The basement body was formed by a simple operation of interconnecting each concrete product because it was constituted by three forms of precast concrete products with a plurality of flat concrete floorboards constituting the floor of the basement body, On-site assembly can be easily performed. (B) Further, in the present invention, since the ridge part is integrally provided at the upper end of the side plate part of the unit constituting the basement main body, the load of the building constituting the house can be received by the ridge part. In addition, this makes it possible to use the underground unit itself as a foundation of a house, and has an advantage that the construction of the house foundation can be simplified. Further, since the upper end is flat and the ridge portion formed to be thicker than the thickness of the side plate portion is formed from one end to the other end in the length direction of the side plate portion, a general foundation of a house or the like is used. It becomes the same shape as the cloth foundation which is a simple shape, it can be used as the foundation of a general house, and the construction method of the house and the like can be easily performed on the lying beam part by the same construction method as that of the cloth foundation. Can be built. (C) According to the above, there is an advantage that excavation of a root cutting hole can be made smaller than in a basement made of cast-in-place concrete, and the on-site work can be simplified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The drawings show an embodiment of an assembled concrete basement according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a state where a house is placed on the basement, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an outline of the basement. , FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a joint structure of adjacent concrete units, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view thereof, FIG. 5 is a plan view showing connecting hardware for connecting adjacent concrete units,
FIG. 6 is a sectional view thereof. G ... basement, H ... house, 1 ... basement body, 2 ...
Partition wall, 10 1st concrete unit, 11
A, 11B... Second concrete unit, 12... Concrete floorboard, 13... Beam part, 22... Joint hardware, 30.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-56-64070 (JP, A) JP-A-56-159431 (JP, A) JP-A-57-235 (JP, A) 222219 (JP, A) Fully open 1983-129946 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E02D 29/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A rectangular box-shaped basement body having an open upper surface;
A basement that is provided inside the basement body and is composed of partition walls that partition the inside of the basement body, and on which a building constituting a house or the like is placed. The first concrete unit is located between the first concrete unit located at the corner and having the side plate standing on two adjacent edges of the bottom plate, and the first concrete unit is located at the corner of the basement and is located between the first concrete unit and the bottom plate. A second concrete unit having a side plate portion erected on an edge portion, and laying the first and second concrete units so as to fill a square hole inside a square hole surrounded by a bottom plate portion when the first and second concrete units are assembled. The first and second concrete units are provided with a plurality of flat concrete floor slabs, and the upper ends of the side slabs are flat at the upper ends of the side slabs. An assembling basement made of concrete, characterized in that a lying beam portion formed to be thicker than a thickness and acting as a beam is formed from one end to the other end in the length direction of the side plate portion.