JPH04335938A - House - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To carry out cooling/heating operation with high efficiency, enhance housing durability and control the ventilation and humidity in a dwelling space by allowing a heat exchanger type ventilation fan to have a humidification function and controlling the change over between heat exchanger ventilation and ordinary ventilation and an increase in the amount of ventilation and humidification by means of a sensor installed in a house. CONSTITUTION:At least one exhaust port installed to a heat exchanger type ventilation fan 23 and a dwelling space 2 is connected with a space 3 under the floor. The air in the dwelling span 3 is discharged outside by way of the heat exchanger type ventilation fan 23 while the outside air is discharged to a floor 3 under the floor simultaneously, which promotes the ventilation of the outside air and a rise in the air in an in-wall space 7. The heat exchanger type ventilation fan 23 is designed to change over its ventilation functions, say, ordinal ventilation and heat exchanger type ventilation. Furthermore, it is adapted to have a humidification function. A sensor 27 installed in the house makes it possible to carry out temperature and humidity control by controlling the change over of heat exchange ventilation and ordinary ventilation, changes in the amount of ventilation and ON/OFF of the humidification function.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention minimizes the amount of heat entering and leaving the inside and outside of a house, efficiently performs air conditioning and heating, improves durability, and also ventilates living spaces and adjusts humidity. This pertains to houses that can be built.

0002

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In conventional houses, in order to improve livability, a heat insulating material is provided on walls and the like to block heat from entering and exiting the house.

0003

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] However, heating in such houses is performed using a heating device such as a stove in the living space, but in this case, the closer to the heat source, the warmer it is.
The temperature distribution is such that the temperature decreases as you move away from the building, and it is warmer near the ceiling and lower near the floor.To solve this problem, excessive heating is required, which has the disadvantage of deteriorating the indoor environment. In addition, in this case, since the heating is localized, there is a disadvantage of receiving heat shock when moving from room to room. Moreover, in this case, the living space is often airtight, making it necessary to ventilate the dirty air generated in the living space, and this ventilation has the disadvantage of releasing heat to the outside. . Furthermore, in houses that are designed to be airtight, the air inside the house tends to dry out, especially in the winter, which is a bad health condition.For this reason, humidifiers are often installed in the living space, but the humidity caused by the humidifier is There was a disadvantage that not all parts of the structure dried out, but some parts of the structure dried out, causing negative effects.

0004

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention makes the attic space and the underfloor space communicate with each other through the wall space, and also provides heat insulating materials on the outer walls and roof, and
An underfloor space heating section is formed in the underfloor space, consisting of an earthen floor insulation layer, a concrete layer, and a heat transfer pipe buried in the concrete layer.By heating the air in the underfloor space with this underfloor space heating section, By heating the living space from the floor and also heating the living space through the inner walls when the warmed air rises through the wall space due to its upward force, uneven temperature in the living space can be prevented. , the heating effect is enhanced by introducing a part of the air from the inner wall space into the living space, and a heat exchange type ventilation fan is placed at any position within the house, and this heat exchange type ventilation fan is placed at least one place in the living space. The air exhaust vent is connected to the underfloor space, and the air in the living space is released to the outside via a heat exchange ventilation fan.
By discharging outside air into the underfloor space through a heat exchange ventilation fan, it helps ventilate the house and increase the upward force of air in the wall space. By using a device that can switch between heat exchange ventilation and normal ventilation, increase and decrease the amount of ventilation, and turn on and off the humidification function using sensors installed inside the house. This project proposes a house that allows for ventilation, temperature control, and humidity control.

[0005]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A house according to the present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical embodiment of the house A, in which 1 is an attic space, 2 is a living space,
Reference numeral 3 indicates an underfloor space, which is an internal space of the house A divided by a ceiling 17 and a floor 18, respectively.

[0006] 4 is a heat insulating layer that blocks heat from entering and exiting at least the inside and outside of the house A, and secondarily has soundproofing properties and
It is airtight and fireproof. To explain further, the insulation layer 4 consists of a roof insulation layer 5 and an outer wall insulation layer 6,
These are board-shaped, mat-shaped, sheet-shaped, or integrated with roofing materials and exterior wall materials. Examples of the former include polystyrene board, polyurethane board, polyisocyanurate foam board, sheathing board, sheathing insulation board, wood chip cement board, wood wool cement board, glass wool mat, etc.
Or composite boards of these, etc., and by placing metal roofing materials, tiles, etc. on these surfaces, you can create a roof, and by placing metal panels, tiles, ceramic panels, ALC boards, mortar, etc., you can create external walls. It forms the Examples of the latter include panels in which a surface material, a heat insulating core material, and a back material are integrally formed, ALC exterior panels, wood chip cement panels, wood wool cement panels, etc. The outer wall heat insulating layer 6 and the roof heat insulating layer 5 are formed by disposing the heat insulating layer on the frame of the building. Note that it is also possible to combine the former and the latter, or in the case of the former, to strengthen airtightness and heat insulation by using multiple layers.

Reference numeral 7 denotes an inner wall space, which includes an outer wall heat insulating layer 6 and an inner wall 19.
It is a space that connects the attic space 1 and the underfloor space 3 and allows air to flow through natural convection, etc. In winter, the air heated by the underfloor space heating section 8 warms the inner walls 19. This is useful for heating the living space 2 from the inside.

The underfloor space heating section 8 heats the inside of the underfloor space 3 in winter, and also blocks moisture from entering from the ground. As shown in FIG. 2, this underfloor space heating section 8 is composed of an earthen floor insulation layer 9, a concrete layer 10, and a heat medium pipe 13. To explain further, the dirt floor insulation layer 9 is made of hard plastic foam such as polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, phenol foam, etc., and has a closed cell foam structure with a density of 30 to 1.
Those with compressive strength of about 00kg/m3 or A
It is made of at least one type of LC board, wood chip cement board, wood wool cement board, etc., and has a thickness of about 10 to 100 mm.

[0009] This earth floor insulation layer 9 is for preventing heat from being released to the ground when earth floor heating is performed by passing a heat medium such as hot water into the heat medium pipe 13. Note that when the dirt floor insulation layer 9 is made of hard plastic foam with a closed-cell foam structure, it has moisture resistance and prevents moisture from entering the house A from the ground.
When using moisture-permeable materials such as wood wool cement boards,
As shown by the two-dot chain line, at the bottom of the dirt floor insulation layer 9 or between the dirt floor insulation layer 9 and the concrete layer 10 (not shown)
It is preferable that the moisture-proof sheet 14 is laid down. Of course, hard plastic foam and moisture-proof sheet 1
It is also possible to use 4 in parallel.

The concrete layer 10 functions as a heat storage material, dissipates heat from the heat medium pipe 13, and acts as a heat radiating material, and by burying the heat medium pipe 13, it prevents water from entering the heat medium pipe 13 by any chance. It also serves to prevent the heat medium pipe 13 from bursting when it is stored and frozen. The heat medium pipe 13 is arranged as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, for example, and it is preferable to cover the area from the heat source 15 to the entrance on the concrete layer 10 with a heat insulating material 16.

The heat medium pipe 13 is made of a copper tube, a plastic pipe, or the like, and heats the underfloor space 3 by passing a heat medium such as antifreeze or heat medium gas therein. Note that the heat transfer pipe 13 is installed on the earth insulation layer 9 and buried in the concrete layer 10, or as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, for convenience, the concrete layer 10 can be divided into a reinforced base concrete layer 11 and an earthen concrete layer 12, and the concrete layer 10 can be placed on the reinforced base concrete layer 11 and buried in the earthen concrete layer 12. Particularly in the latter case, the reinforced base concrete layer 11 can be made not only by pouring concrete but also by using a PC board.

To explain further, the underfloor space heating section 8
The heated air in the underfloor space 3 heats the living space 2 from the floor 18 surface, and also rises in the wall space 7 toward the attic space 1 due to the rising force caused by the heating. At this time, the living space 2 is heated through the inner wall 19. Therefore, the living space 2 is heated from both the floor 18 and the inner wall 19, and is heated almost uniformly. Moreover, since the entire living space 2 in the house A is heated, each room has a uniform temperature, heat shock can be prevented, and the living space 2 becomes comfortable.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a vent, which is formed in the inner wall 19, the floor 18, the ceiling 17, etc., and communicates the living space 2 with the underfloor space 3, the attic space 1, and the wall space 7, and is heated by the underfloor space heating section 8. This is for directly taking in a portion of the warmed air into the living space 2. In particular, the ventilation hole 20 is connected to the window 21 as shown in Figure 1.
When installed at the bottom of the window 21, the air heated by the underfloor heating unit 8 is directly taken into the living space 2, and the air rising in the wall space 7 is stopped by the window 21 and prevented from stagnation. , it is possible to prevent temperature unevenness on the inner wall 19. Note that it is also possible to incorporate a louver, an opening/closing mechanism, a fan, etc. into the vent 20.

Reference numeral 22 denotes an exhaust port, which is disposed at least at one location on the ceiling 17, for example, and is connected to the heat exchange type ventilation fan 23 by a pipe 24. This exhaust port 22
is for discharging dirty air generated in the living space 2, and provides ventilation by making the living space 2 one path for air circulation together with the vent 20.

The heat exchange type ventilation fan 23 is installed at any location in the house A, such as the attic space 1 and the underfloor space 3, and is used to discharge air from the living space 2 to the outside and to take in air from the outside into the house A. Heat exchange is performed between the two. Note that the air taken in via the heat exchange type ventilation fan 23 is transferred to the pipe 25.
is released into the underfloor space 3. This is because the air in the underfloor space 3 is heated by the underfloor space heating section 8 and rises in the wall air 7.
This is for supplying fresh air to the living space 2 through the air. Further, although the heat exchange type ventilation fan 23 itself has a built-in fan for suction and exhaust, it is also possible to provide supplementary fans to the exhaust port 22 and the pipes 24 and 25. To explain further, the heat exchange type ventilation fan 23 can switch between heat exchange ventilation and normal ventilation, and also has a humidifying function. This is because the concrete layer 10 serves as a heat storage layer in the underfloor space heating section 8, so there is a time lag between the temperature adjustment by the heat source 15 and heat medium and the temperature of the air in the underfloor space 3; This is because the temperature can be adjusted by mixing the outside air with the air in the underfloor space 3. In addition, since the air tends to be dry in winter, the air humidified by the heat exchange ventilation fan 23 is distributed throughout the house A through the underfloor space 3, providing comfort. It is preferable to attach a distribution duct 26 as shown in FIG. 5 to the underfloor space 3 side of the pipe 25 to discharge the outside air taken in through the heat exchange ventilation fan 23 over a wide range. That is, the dispersion duct 26 is formed of a pipe-shaped member made of metal or plastic into an antenna shape or a spiral shape (not shown), and has a slit 26a having a rectangular, circular, or oval shape.

[0016] A sensor 27 is installed in any space in the house A (living space 2 in Fig. 1), and mainly measures temperature and humidity, and secondarily measures the degree of air pollution. etc. are also measured. This sensor 27 is for controlling the heat exchange type ventilation fan 23 according to changes in the temperature inside the house A, etc. That is, when the amount of solar radiation is high or when the underfloor space heating section 8 heats up too much, the temperature in the living space 2 becomes high, but in this case, the heat exchange type ventilation fan 23 is switched from heat exchange ventilation to normal ventilation. And, by increasing the amount of ventilation, cold outside air is taken in and the temperature is quickly returned to the set temperature. In addition, if the air in the house A is dry, the humidification function of the heat exchange ventilation fan 23 is activated to control the humidity, and the living space 2
If the air is contaminated by cigarettes or the like or the humidity becomes too high, these problems can be resolved by increasing the ventilation amount of the heat exchange type ventilation fan 23. In addition,
This sensor 27 can also be used to control the underfloor space heating section 8. Furthermore, if fans are attached to the pipes 24, 25 and the exhaust port 22, they can be linked together.

[0017] Here, air flow will be briefly explained. First, in the winter season, air taken in from the outside is discharged into the underfloor space 3 through the heat exchange type ventilation fan 23, as shown in FIG. In the underfloor space 3, pressure is applied due to the heating by the underfloor space heating section 8 and the supply of air from the heat exchange ventilation fan 23, which causes the inner wall space 7 to rise and the attic space 1,
and moves into the living space 2 through the ventilation hole 20. The air that has moved into the living space 2 is diffused, and finally passes through the exhaust port 22 and is discharged to the outside via the heat exchange type ventilation fan 23. Note that in the heat exchange type ventilation fan 23, heat exchange is performed between air taken in from the outside and air discharged to the outside. In the summer, the underfloor space heating section 8 is stopped and ventilation is performed using the heat exchange type ventilation fan 23. Note that when the outside temperature is lower than the living space 2, normal ventilation is performed using the heat exchange type ventilation fan 23.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the house A according to the present invention, and as shown by the dotted line in FIG. It is also possible to discharge the air together with the air in the living space 2 to the outside via the heat exchange type ventilation fan 23. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, a duct 29 is arranged from the attic space 1 to the underfloor space 3, and a fan (not shown) is used to blow air from the attic space 1 into the underfloor space 3 in the winter, and in the summer. By blowing air from the underfloor space 3 into the attic space 1, heating and cooling can be promoted. Furthermore, as shown by dotted lines in FIG. 6, it is also possible to dispose a ventilation fan 30 in a place in the living space 2 that generates a lot of moisture, such as a bathroom or a kitchen, to directly release moisture to the outside. In this case, when the heat exchange type ventilation fan 23 performs heat exchange, if the air released to the outside contains a large amount of moisture, condensation will occur within the heat exchange type ventilation fan 23, resulting in a decrease in efficiency. It is possible to prevent moisture generated in the kitchen and bathroom from entering the living space 2.
It is also useful in preventing the spread of the virus throughout the house and improving the livability and durability of House A. Note that it is preferable to use a heat exchange type ventilation fan as the ventilation fan 30. Further, the ventilation fan 30 can be operated only when the humidity becomes high using a humidity sensor. It is also possible to provide an underfloor ventilation opening 31 with an opening/closing mechanism in the underfloor space 3 and an attic ventilation opening (not shown) with an opening/closing mechanism in the attic space 1 to provide ventilation by natural convection in the summer. be.

[0019]

As described above, according to the house according to the present invention, (1) since a heat insulating layer is formed on the outer wall and the roof, cooling and heating can be performed with high efficiency. (2) The underfloor space heating section heats the living space from both the floor surface and the inner wall surface, making it possible to perform homogeneous heating. (3) Since the entire house is heated by the underfloor heating section, there is no heat shock and a healthy environment is created. (4) Since the living space is connected to at least one of the in-wall space, the underfloor space, and the attic space through a vent, the air heated by the underfloor space heating section can be taken directly into the living space and used for heating. It can be heated efficiently. (5) It is also possible to ventilate the living space, improving livability. (6) Ventilation is performed via a heat exchange type ventilation fan, so cooling and heating can be performed with high efficiency. (7) Since the outside air taken in through the heat exchange type ventilation fan is released into the underfloor space, the rise of the air is promoted and heating from the inner wall surface can be made more uniform. (8) In the summer, natural cooling can be achieved without opening the windows at night, and it is also safe from a crime prevention perspective. (9) The living space can be ventilated even in the summer. (10) It is possible to block the infiltration of moisture from the earthen floor, resulting in a highly durable house. (11) Sensors can detect changes in solar radiation or excessive humidification when the underfloor space heating section is unstable, and can control the heat exchange ventilation fan, allowing the temperature to be quickly returned to the set temperature. (12) It is possible to adjust the humidity inside the house. It has the following effects and effects.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of a house according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the underfloor space heating section in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of arrangement of heat medium pipes in the underfloor space heating section.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of arrangement of heat medium pipes in the underfloor space heating section.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a distribution duct arranged in an underfloor space.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of a house according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Attic space 2 Living space 3. Underfloor space 7 Inner wall space 8 Underfloor space heating section 20 Vent 22 Exhaust port 23 Heat exchange type ventilation fan 27 Sensor

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: In a house consisting of an attic space, a living space, and an underfloor space, and in which the attic space and the underfloor space are communicated by an intrawall space between an inner wall and an outer wall, a roof surrounding the space; In addition to forming a heat insulating layer on the outer wall, a concrete layer is laminated on the dirt floor insulating layer in the underfloor space, and a heat transfer pipe is buried in the concrete layer, and a heat transfer medium is embedded in the heat transfer pipe. A vent is formed in the inner wall, floor, ceiling, etc. to connect the living space with the underfloor space, the wall space, or the attic space, and the exhaust air is connected to at least one place in the living space. By connecting the exhaust port to a heat exchange ventilation fan placed inside the house, the air in the living space is discharged to the outside via the heat exchange ventilation fan, while the air from outside is The heat is discharged into the underfloor space through a heat exchange ventilation fan, which also has a humidifying function, and a sensor installed inside the house can switch between heat exchange ventilation and normal ventilation, and increase or decrease the amount of ventilation. , and a house characterized by controlling humidification.