JPH02272233A - House - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent any irregular temperature distribution in a dwelling spacing and improve a heating efficiency by a method wherein a garrette spacing is communicated with an under- floor spacing through an inter-wall spacing, thermal insulation materials are arranged at outer walls and a roof, a floor heating part is formed at the under-floor spacing and at the same time air within the dwelling spacing is discharged out of a house through a heat exchanger and external air is discharged into the under-floor spacing through the heat exchanger. CONSTITUTION:A thermal insulating layer 4 is composed of a roof thermal insulating layer 5 and an outer wall thermal insulating layer 6. Metallic roof material is applied to these surfaces and a metallic panel is applied to form the outer walls, Inter-wall spacings 7 are arranged between the outer wall thermal insulating layers 6 and inner walls 19. A garrette spacing 1 and an under-floor spacing 3 are communicated to each other so as to cause air to be flowed under natural convection flow or forced convection flow or the like. A floor heating part 8 may heat the under-floor spacing 3 and prevent immersion of wet air from a ground surface. This is composed of a floor thermal insulating layer 9, a concrete layer 10 and a thermal medium pipe 13. In addition, a heat exchanger 23 is arranged at any position in the garrette spacing 1, the under-floor spacing 3 or the like within a house A. Heat exchanging operation is carried out between air discharged from the dwelling spacing 2 to the surrounding atmosphere and another air taken into the house A from the surrounding atmosphere.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Prior Art] In conventional houses, in order to improve livability, a heat insulating material is placed on the walls etc. to block heat from entering and exiting the house. was.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, heating in such houses is performed using heaters such as stoves in the living space, but in this case, the temperature distribution is such that the closer to the heat source it is warmer and the further away from it, the lower the temperature, and the area near the ceiling is warmer. The temperature distribution becomes lower near the floor, and to solve this problem excessive heating is required, which has the disadvantage of deteriorating the indoor environment. In addition, in this case, since the heating is localized, there is a disadvantage that the user is subject to heat shock when moving from room to room. Moreover, in this case, the living space is often airtight, making it necessary to ventilate the dirty air generated in the living space, and this ventilation has the disadvantage of releasing heat to the outside. .

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to eliminate these drawbacks, the present invention connects the vacuum space of the hut and the under-floor space through the inner-wall space, and also installs heat insulating materials on the outer walls and roof, and insulates the under-floor space with an earth insulation layer and concrete. By forming an earthen floor heating section consisting of a heating medium layer and a heat medium pipe buried in the concrete layer, and heating the air in the underfloor space in this earthen floor heating section, the living space is heated from the floor surface. By heating the living space through the inner walls as the warmed air rises through the wall space due to its rising force, temperature unevenness in the living space is prevented.
In addition, by allowing the air that rises in the wall space under the window to enter the living space directly, the heating effect is improved, and by preventing air stagnation in the wall space, heating from the inner wall surface is almost uniform. In addition, a heat exchanger is placed at any location within the house, and this heat exchanger is connected to at least one ventilation hole in the living space and the underfloor space, so that the air in the living space is channeled through the heat exchanger. By discharging external air to the outside through a heat exchanger and discharging the external air into the underfloor space, it helps ventilation of the house and the upward force of air in the wall space, and also reduces moisture in the kitchen etc. By placing ventilation fans in many places,
This project proposes a house that prevents condensation inside the heat exchanger.

〔Example〕

The house according to the present invention will be explained in detail below using the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical embodiment of the above-mentioned house A, where l is an attic space, 2 is a living space, and 3 is an underfloor space, which are separated by a ceiling 17 and a floor 18, respectively. It is an internal space.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a heat insulating layer that blocks at least heat from entering and exiting the inside of house A and the outside, and secondarily has soundproofing properties, airtightness, and fireproofing properties. To explain further, the heat insulating layer 4 consists of a roof heat insulating layer 5 and an outer wall heat insulating layer 6, each of which is in the form of a board, mat, sheet, or integrated with the roofing material or the outer wall material. Examples of the former include polystyrene board, polyurethane board, polyisocyanurate foam board, sheathing board, sheathing insulation board, wood chip cement board,
Wood wool cement boards, glass wool mats, etc., or composite boards of these, etc., and by placing metal roofing materials, tiles, etc. on these surfaces, you can create roofs, metal panels, tiles, ceramic panels, ALC boards, etc. The outer wall is formed by arranging the walls. Examples of the latter include a panel in which a surface material, a heat insulating core material, and a back material are integrally formed, an ALC exterior panel, a wood chip cement panel,
The outer wall heat insulation layer 6 and the roof heat insulation layer 5 are formed by placing wood wool cement panels or the like on a frame such as main pillars and studs. Reference numeral 7 denotes an in-wall space, which is provided between the outer wall insulation layer 6 and the inner wall 19, which communicates the attic space 1 and the underfloor space 3, and is a space where air flows naturally or by forced convection, etc. This is useful for heating the living space 2 from the inner wall 19 by the air heated by the earthen floor heating section 8. The earthen floor heating section 8 heats the inside of the underfloor space 3 and blocks moisture from entering from the ground. As extracted and shown in FIG. 2, this earthen floor heating section 8 includes an earthen floor insulation layer 9, a concrete layer 10.
It is composed of a heat medium pipe 13. To explain further, the dirt floor insulation layer 9 is made of hard plastic foam such as polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, phenol foam, etc., and has a closed cell foam structure with a density of 3.
The material has a compressive strength of about 0 to 100 kg/nr, or is made of at least one type of ALC board, wood chip cement board, wood wool cement board, etc., and has a thickness of about 10 to 100 kg/nr. This earthen floor heat insulating layer 9 is for preventing heat from being released to the ground when heating the earthen floor by passing a heat medium such as hot water into the heat medium pipe 13. Note that when the dirt floor insulation layer 9 is made of a hard plastic foam with a closed-cell foam structure, it has moisture resistance and prevents moisture from entering the house A from the ground.
When using wettable materials such as wood wool cement boards,
It is preferable to lay the moisture-proof sheet 14 as shown by the two-dot chain line or between the earth insulation layer 9 and the concrete layer 10 (not shown). concrete layer 10
functions as a heat storage material and a dispersion material for the heat from the heat medium pipe 13, and by burying the heat medium pipe 13, in the event that water accumulates in the heat medium pipe 13 and freezes. This also helps to prevent the heat medium pipe 13 from bursting.

Note that the concrete layer 10 is divided into a reinforced base concrete layer 11 and an earthen concrete layer 12 for convenience.

The reinforced pace concrete 1-Jilt is a layer mainly for facilitating piping of the heat medium pipe 13.

This reinforced base concrete layer 11 can also be formed by pouring concrete or using a PC board. Moreover, the earthen floor concrete layer 12 buries the heat medium pipe 13 and functions as a heat radiating section for warming the air in the underfloor space 3 in a negative manner. The heat medium pipe 13 is arranged as shown in FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b), for example, and the part from the heat source 15 to the entrance on the reinforced base concrete layer 11 can be covered with a heat insulating material 16. This is preferable. This heat medium pipe 13 is
It is made of steel pipes, plastic pipes, etc., and heats the earthen floor by passing a heat medium such as antifreeze or heat transfer gas inside. To explain further, the air in the underfloor space 3 heated by the earthen floor heating section 8 heats the living space 2 from the floor 18 surface, and the air in the wall space 7 is heated in the attic by the rising force caused by the heating. It rises toward the space l, and at this time heats the living space 2 via the inner wall 19. Therefore, the living space 2 is heated from both the floor 18 and the inner wall 19, and is heated almost uniformly. Moreover, since the entire living space 2 in house A is heated, each room has a -like temperature, which prevents heat shock.
It becomes a comfortable living space 2. 20 is a vent, and the wall space 7
This is for communicating with the living space 2 and introducing a part of the air rising through the intra-wall space 7 into the living space 2. To explain further, the vent 20 is provided at the bottom of the window 21, and the air heated by the earthen floor heating unit 8 is directly taken into the living space 2, and the air rising in the wall space 7 is raised by the window 21. and prevent stagnation,
This is to prevent temperature unevenness on the inner wall 19. Note that it is also possible to incorporate a louver, an opening/closing mechanism, a fan, etc. into the vent 20. Reference numeral 22 denotes an exhaust port, which is disposed at least at one location on the ceiling 17, for example, and is connected to the heat exchanger 23 by a pipe 24. The exhaust port 22 is for discharging dirty air generated in the living space 2, and together with the vent 20, the living space 2 is ventilated by making it one path for air circulation. The heat exchanger 23 is installed at any location in the house A, such as the small M'm space 1 or the underfloor space 3, and is installed between the air released from the living space 2 to the outside and the air taken into the house A from the outside. The air taken in through the heat exchanger 23 is discharged into the underfloor space 3 through a pipe 25.

This is because the air in the underfloor space 3 is heated by the earthen floor heating unit 8 and rises in the wall space 7, and this increases the rising force and supplies fresh air to the living space 2 through the vents 20. It's for a reason. In addition, the exhaust port 22, the heat exchanger 23,
Alternatively, a fan (not shown) is arranged in the pipes 24,25. In addition, a distribution duct 26 as shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5 (a), Φ) is attached to the underfloor space 3 side of the pipe 25, and the external air taken in via the heat exchanger 23 is discharged over a wide range. It is preferable to carry out the That is,
In FIG. 4, a pipe-shaped member made of metal or plastic is formed into an antenna shape or a spiral shape (not shown), and has a slit 26a having a rectangular, circular, or oval shape. Furthermore, Figures 5(a) and (b) show the synthesis of materials with voids consisting of open structures, such as fibrous materials such as glass fiber plastic fibers, mineral fibers, and metal fibers, polyurethane foams with open cell structures, polyurea foams, etc. It is made of resin foam, porous ceramic, etc. formed into a pipe shape with a ring, square, triangular, polygonal, etc. cross section.
They are arranged as shown in b). In this case, since the voids in the communicating tissue serve as the slits 26a, uniform suction and discharge can be performed. 27 is a ventilation fan that generates a lot of water vapor in kitchens, bathrooms, etc. It is placed in a humid place, and releases moisture directly to the outside. This prevents condensation from occurring within the heat exchanger 23 if the air released to the outside contains a lot of moisture when heat exchange is performed in the heat exchanger 23, resulting in a decrease in efficiency. It is arranged for the purpose of Furthermore, it is useful for preventing moisture generated in the kitchen and bathroom from spreading throughout the living space 2, thereby improving livability and durability of the house A. Note that it is preferable to use a heat exchange type ventilation fan as the ventilation fan 27. Further, the ventilation fan 27 can be operated only when the humidity becomes high using a humidity sensor.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the house A according to the present invention, and as shown by the dotted line in FIG. It is also possible to discharge it to the outside together with the air in the living space 2 via the heat exchanger 23. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a duct 29 is arranged from the attic space 1 to the underfloor space 3, and a fan (not shown) is installed.
In the winter, the air in the attic space 1 is blown into the attic space 3, and in the summer, the air in the attic space 3 is blown into the attic space 1, thereby creating a forced air flow and generating warm air. It is also possible to reuse it.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As mentioned above, according to the house according to the present invention, ■the outer wall;
It forms an insulating layer on the roof, allowing efficient cooling and heating. ■The earthen floor heating section heats the living space from both the floor and inner walls, providing uniform heating. ■Since the entire house is heated by the earthen floor heating section, there is no heat shock and a healthy environment is created. ■Since the space inside the wall and the living space are connected by a vent, the air heated by the earthen floor heating section can be taken directly into the living space and used for heating, making it possible to heat the room efficiently.

■Since the vents are provided under the windows, air does not stagnate in the inner wall space, allowing uniform heating from the inner wall surface. ■The living space can also be ventilated, improving livability. ■Ventilation is performed via a heat exchanger, allowing for efficient heating.

■Since the outside air taken in through the heat exchanger is released into the underfloor space, it helps the air rise and makes heating from the inner wall surface more uniform. ■Since a ventilation fan is placed in a humid area, it is possible to prevent the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger from decreasing. ■Ventilation fans prevent moisture from spreading into the living space, improving livability and the durability of the house. ■
It is possible to block the infiltration of moisture from the earthen floor, and it is possible to create a highly durable house. It has the following effects and characteristics.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a typical example of a house according to the present invention, FIGS. 2, 3 (a) and (b) are explanatory diagrams for explaining the earthen floor heating section, and Figures (a), (b), Figure 6 (
a), (b), and FIG. 7 are explanatory diagrams for explaining other embodiments. A...House, 1...Attic space, 2...Living space, 3...Underfloor space, 7...Inner wall space, 8...Earth floor heating section, 20...Vent , 21...window, 22...
Exhaust port, 23... Heat exchanger, 27... Ventilation fan. Figure 1 A ・ ・ 1 ・ ・ 2 ・ ・ 3 ・ ・ 4 ・ ・ 7 ・ ・ ・House/Attic space/Living space/Underfloor space, Insulation layer/Inner wall space 21 ・ ・ ・Window 23...Heat Exchanger 27... ・Ventilation fan fig. y (b) fig. fig.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) In a house consisting of an attic space, a living space, and an underfloor space, and in which the attic space and the underfloor space are communicated by an intrawall space between an inner wall and an outer wall, a roof surrounding said space,
In addition to forming a heat insulating layer on the outer wall, a concrete layer is laminated on the dirt floor insulating layer in the underfloor space, and a heat transfer pipe is buried in the concrete layer, and a heat transfer medium is embedded in the heat transfer pipe. Also, a ventilation hole connecting the inner wall space and the living space is provided under the window of the inner wall, and an exhaust port is provided in at least one place in the living space, and the air outlet and the house are connected to each other. By connecting it to a heat exchanger placed indoors, the air in the living space is released to the outside via the heat exchanger, while
A house characterized in that outside air is discharged into the underfloor space through the heat exchanger, and ventilation fans are provided in the kitchen, bathroom, etc.