JPH04285087A - Fertilizer composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the novel fertilizer composition consisting only of a naturally occurring material, utilizing the effectivelness as a guano fertilizer to the utmost, enhancing the growth of all the vegetables and capable of preventing root rot and acidification of soil. CONSTITUTION:The material for guano fertilizer is collected from the intermediate layer of the guano fossil sedimentary layer, heated, sterilized and powdered, and the granular shell fossil is incorporated into the powder in an appropriate ratio.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a fertilizer composition, which is a fertilizer suitable for all types of plants such as agricultural, horticultural, and fruit cultivation, and relates to a completely new type of compounded fertilizer containing only natural products. It is.

0002

[Prior Art] In recent years, the harmful effects of chemical fertilizers on soil quality and agricultural crops have become a social problem, and natural organic fertilizers are becoming increasingly important.

[0003] It has come to be known that guano is a very good type of natural organic fertilizer, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 1-129240.

[0004] Guano is fossilized bat droppings and carcasses deposited over thousands of years in Southeast Asia, particularly the Philippines, and high-quality guano exists only in caves that meet the environmental conditions for ripening. It is.

[0005]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] This guano contains a large amount of natural organic phosphoric acid and is excellent as a natural organic fertilizer, but it is simply sterilized and sterilized as in the above-mentioned Utility Model Application Publication No. 1-129240. It has become clear that there are various problems even if the purified and powdered product is used as fertilizer.

[0006] In other words, depending on the degree of aging of the fossil layer from which guano was collected, the cultivation effect may be low when used for cultivation.
On the other hand, fertilizers using highly aged guano inevitably have a low lime content and the soil to which it is applied becomes acidic, which has a negative impact on plant rooting and growth. Disadvantages also arise.

The present invention was made with the aim of solving the problems of guano fertilizer as described above, and is a guano fertilizer that does not have any fear of rooting and is completely free from the negative effect of acidifying the soil. The present invention aims to provide a novel fertilizer composition that has outstanding effects on all kinds of crops, such as agricultural crops, fruits, and gardening, and that can be used as a soil preparation material created by nature.

[0008]

[Means for solving the problem] As a result of intensive research to achieve the above purpose, we found that by first selecting an appropriate fossil layer from the guano fossil deposit layer, the cultivation effect is high and rooting can be prevented. After learning about this and considering various formulations to prevent soil acidification, he discovered that if fossil shell granules were mixed in the appropriate proportions, very good effects could be brought about. .

That is, the present invention provides heat treatment and sterilization for 100 parts by weight of guano powder obtained by heat sterilization and pulverization of guano collected from the intermediate layer at least about 2 m deeper than the surface layer of a guano fossil sedimentary layer. The gist of the present invention is a fertilizer composition containing 30 to 75 parts by weight of shellfish fossil granules.

[0010] First, the guano used in the present invention is collected from the middle layer of the guano fossil deposit layer, in other words, it is collected from the middle layer at least about 2 m or more deeper than the surface layer, preferably from the middle layer 3 to 10 m below the surface layer. This makes things extremely suitable.

[0011] The approximately 2m surface layer of this guano fossil deposit layer is immature as a fossil, contains many impurities, and the guano obtained from this area has a poor nurturing effect and is prone to rooting.
Moreover, when it is made into an aqueous solution, the supernatant liquid is colored reddish-brown, indicating a high concentration of impurities.

[0012] This immature surface layer is removed, and guano is collected only from the completely matured and fossilized middle layer, which is coarsely ground in advance and then subjected to a sorting process to remove impurities before being used as a raw material.

[0013] Next, this guano is heat sterilized, and the conditions for this are a temperature of 180 to 230°C;
It is preferable to heat the guano at about 200°C for 5 to 15 minutes; if the heating conditions are too weak, sterilization will be insufficient; on the other hand, if the heating conditions are too strong, the guano itself may undergo deterioration or decomposition. This reduces its value as a fertilizer.

[0014] The guano heat-sterilized in this manner is pulverized in a pulverizer to produce guano powder. When the powder thus obtained is made into an aqueous solution, the supernatant liquid is highly transparent and can be visually distinguished from immature guano, which contains many impurities.

[0015] Next, the fossil shell particles in the present invention are aquatic animals such as shellfish, starfish, and other calcareous-shelled foraminifera that lived in the sea in ancient times, and were buried on the sea floor due to tectonic movements. It was deposited and fossilized over a period of approximately 5 to 19 million years, and is a weakly alkaline substance containing approximately 43% or more of calcium carbonate (which changes to calcium oxide when heated).

[0016] The fossil shell particles of the present invention are obtained by collecting the fossil shells and sterilizing them by heat treatment. Please note that this fossil shell is in the form of fine powder when it is mined.
The heat treatment conditions are preferably 180 to 220°C, preferably 200°C for 1 to 10 minutes; if the heating conditions are weak, the sterilization will be insufficient, and if the heating conditions are too strong, the ingredients will deteriorate. be.

The present invention provides the above-mentioned guano powder 1 after heat sterilization.
00 parts by weight, 3 parts of shell fossil granules after the above heat treatment
If the amount of shellfish fossil granules is less than 30 parts by weight, the fertilizer will be highly acidic, resulting in poor plant growth and rooting. If the amount exceeds 75 parts by weight, the pH of the fertilizer becomes alkaline, which also has a negative effect on plant growth and rooting.

[0018] The present invention is a fertilizer composition as described above,
By blending guano and shellfish fossils, we bring out the best of both.In other words, we mix guano, which is a natural organic fertilizer containing a large amount of organic phosphoric acid, with shellfish fossils, which are also natural products and contain a large amount of lime. This is a new natural product compounded fertilizer that prevents the progression of soil acidification due to guano and maximizes the effectiveness of guano fertilizer.

[0019]

[Example] Guano collected from the intermediate layer at a depth of 3 to 10 m in a guano fossil deposit layer is coarsely crushed and sorted, heat treated at 200°C for 10 minutes to sterilize, and pulverized with a crusher to produce guano. A powder was obtained.

[0020] Analysis of this guano powder revealed that the active ingredients as a fertilizer had the following composition. Total amount of nitrogen
0.25% total amount of phosphoric acid (phosphorus pentoxide) 23.
25% total potash (potassium oxide) 0.
45% Total amount of lime (calcium oxide) 2.97%
Total amount of magnesia (magnesium oxide) 0.09%

002
1] On the other hand, the heat treatment used in this example (at 200°C for 5
Analysis of the shellfish fossil granules (manufactured by Green Culture Co., Ltd.) after 20 minutes revealed that the main active ingredients had the following composition. Calcium oxide 43.8
4% silicic acid (silicon oxide) 13.04
% Alumina (aluminum oxide) 2.99% Iron oxide (ferric oxide) 0.67% Magnesium oxide 0.94% Potash (potassium oxide) 0.50
% Phosphoric acid (phosphorus pentoxide) 0.19
%

[0022] The above-mentioned shellfish fossil granules were mixed with 100 parts by weight of the above-mentioned guano powder in various proportions as shown in column A of Table 1, and experiments on plant growth were conducted for each.

As a blank test, an experiment was also conducted in which only shell fossils were used without guano powder. Moreover, the pH of each formulation is shown in column B of Table 1.

[0024] When we compared the effects of plants grown using fertilizers with different mixing ratios, we found that C in Table 1
The results shown in the column were obtained.

[0025]

[Table 1]

The evaluation method for the comparative data in Table 1 is as follows. Sugar content: Measuring the sugar content of melons obtained from base fertilizer and top dressing using a sugar content meter.

[0027] Rooting: Comparison of the rooting condition after one month of using it as a starter fertilizer for rice on a 100-point scale (100 points being the best value) Growth rate: The volume of each rice plant compared to the above rooting ( 100 points evaluation based on height x maximum diameter)

[0028] Color: Visually evaluate the color of the leaves one month after fertilizing the tea tree. Stem thickness: Measure the diameter of the stem in 5 mm increments when used as an ornamental plant (Tree of Happiness) and grown.

[0029] Number of flowers: 5 when used from starter fertilizer for cherry tomatoes
Average number of flowers and fruits on one branch on day 0; Average number of fruits collected from one branch of the above cherry tomatoes

From the results in Table 1, it is recognized that the fertilizer containing 30 to 75 parts by weight of shellfish fossil granules to 100 parts by weight of guano powder is very good overall, and in particular, the fertilizer containing shellfish fossil granules is very good. The highest evaluation was obtained when the body weight was 65 parts by weight.

[0031] When we analyzed the fertilizer in which 65 parts by weight of shell fossil granules were blended with 100 parts by weight of guano powder, which received the highest evaluation, the following data were obtained.

[0032] Total amount of nitrogen
0.09% total amount of phosphoric acid (phosphorus pentoxide) 14.
11% Total amount of potassium (potassium oxide) 0.
32% total amount of lime (calcium oxide) 16.79% total amount of silicic acid (silicon oxide) 27.46%

003
3]

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention provides a fertilizer composition containing guano powder and shell fossil granules in an appropriate ratio.

[0034] This guano contains a large amount of phosphoric acid, which is the most important energy carrier for the nutritional activity of plants among the three major nutrients used as a basic fertilizer, and since it contains this phosphoric acid in the form of organic phosphoric acid, it contains inorganic phosphorus. Compared to acid fertilizers, it is easier to absorb and use, and although it can be accumulated in the soil, it is not fixed in the soil and decomposes quickly, so the fertilizer effect appears quickly.

Furthermore, since phosphoric acid exhibits the effect as an energy carrier as described above, the fertilizer of the present invention is particularly effective for flower bud differentiation, fruiting, and enlargement, and can be used as a base fertilizer or top dressing, and can exterminate pests that damage plants. Furthermore, because it has been heat sterilized, it is clean, odorless, and extremely effective as a fertilizer compared to regular phosphoric acid fertilizers.

In particular, the organic phosphoric acid contained in the fertilizer of the present invention, like bone meal, is difficult to adsorb and fix in soil, so it has a remarkable fertilizing effect on acidic soils and volcanic ash soils. It shows an effect close to that of water solubility with organic acids.

[0037] Furthermore, the guano powder contained in the fertilizer of the present invention is obtained by collecting from the middle layer of the guano fossil deposit layer, and as it ages, the ingredients are purified and only the effective phosphates are concentrated. Since it is accumulated, it has a high nurturing effect and there is no need to worry about rooting.

[0038] Since the fertilizer of the present invention contains a suitable amount of shellfish fossil granules in the guano powder, the progress of acidification of the soil is prevented and weak acidity, which is most suitable for plant growth, is maintained.

[0039] In addition, this fossilized shellfish promotes soil agglomeration, improves air permeability, and promotes healthy root growth, as well as improves water retention and
It has the effect of increasing fertilizer retention capacity and sustaining the fertilizer effect, and also strengthens resistance to pests and diseases.It is a harmless, clean, and odorless powder that does not contain heavy metals.

[0040] The effects of shellfish fossils can be maximized by blending them with guano powder; shellfish fossils alone have a low fertilizer effect as shown in the examples, and conversely, guano alone has a low fertilizer effect. The effect is low.

[0041] In other words, by blending guano and shellfish fossils in an appropriate ratio, the above-mentioned characteristics of both will work effectively, producing a synergistic effect that cannot be obtained by each alone, and exhibiting an extremely excellent plant nurturing effect. It is.

The effects of the fertilizer of the present invention are listed below. (a) It can be cultivated without pesticides and is pollution-free. (b) It is cheaper than the cost of conventional basal fertilizer and pesticides, and yields are significantly improved.

(c) For horticultural purposes, it is ideal for cultivating orchids and chrysanthemums because it strengthens the flower stems of any flower, produces good blooms, and maintains sustainability. (d) When used on garden trees and lawns, the stems become stronger and the green color becomes darker. (e) Agricultural crops and fruits have higher growth rates and improved sugar content;
It increases the sweetness and makes it easier to arrange the grains.

(f) Crops with high calcium content can be harvested. (g) It also shows remarkable effects as a fertilizer for artificial cultivation of mushrooms. (h) It is also effective in cultivating safflower, saffron, and Korean carrots. (i) Since it also contains a large amount of silicic acid, it is also effective for rice plants such as paddy rice.

As described above, the fertilizer of the present invention exhibits extremely remarkable effects on the growth of all kinds of plants, and is a novel and highly useful fertilizer composition that contains only natural substances.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: Guano powder 100 obtained by heat sterilizing and pulverizing guano collected from the intermediate layer at least about 2 m deeper than the surface layer of a guano fossil deposit layer.
30 to 7 parts by weight of heat-treated and sterilized shellfish fossil particles
A fertilizer composition characterized by containing 5 parts by weight.