CN103524208A - Application of solid micron powder insoluble in water - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an application of solid micron powder insoluble in water. The application of the solid micron powder insoluble in water includes that firstly, the powder and plant seeds are subjected to seed dressing; and secondly, the powder and a fertilizer of a plant are mixed to be applied as a base fertilizer or topdressing. The grain size of the powder ranges from 2.5 mu m to 50 mu m; and the powder is selected from at least one of sedimentary rock, volcanic rock, metamorphic rock, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, magnesium carbonate, ferric oxide, ferroferric oxide, iron pyrite, haematite, magnetite, wood coal, graphite, carbon black, brown coal, rock phosphate, zeolite, attapulgite, mica, zinc oxide, cupric oxide, quartz sand and manganese dioxide. The solid micron powder insoluble in water is applied to planting and growing processes of the plant, so that the plant growth can be promoted, the yield is increased, and the product quality is improved.

Description

The purposes of water insoluble solids micro-powder

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of purposes of water insoluble solids micro-powder.

Background technology

Nanotechnology starts from late 1990s in the application of agriculture field.Research has related to nanometer SiO ₂, fertilizer nanometer coated fertilizer, nano rare earth plant-growth regulator etc., wherein nanometer SiO has inquired in Wang Li army ₂protection plant exempts from germ infringement, improves plant disease-resistant ability.In fact, particle size is vital index to the association of organism toxic action.By research, the known nano particle of scientists can be deposited in lung more than larger particle, also more penetrates with in lung tissue.An epidemiological study result demonstration that reaches more than 20 year of carrying out in the U.S., with respect to 10 μ m, every increase by the 100 μ g.m of 2.5 μ m in air ^-3, crowd's lung cancer and cardiovascular disorder mortality ratio increase by 12%～19%; Every increase by the 50 μ g.m of 10 μ m in air ^-3, inpatient increases by 3%～6%, and every increase by the 50 μ g.m of 2.5 μ m ^-3, inpatient increases by 25%, and visible particle diameter is significant on the impact of disease.Test rat is treated 15min in the air that contains the tetrafluoroethylene that particle diameter is 20nm (" Teflon " plastics) particle, and great majority are dead in 4h subsequently, and it is that the airborne rat of 120nm particle is safe and sound that another group is lived in containing diameter.Hansen, the subcutaneous symmetrical nano particle of implanting same type in rat both sides, is respectively TiO ₂, SiO ₂, Ni, Co and PVC.Evaluate 5 kinds of different biomaterials and directly contact the subcutaneous and muscle tissue situation of 6 months at two kinds of completely different particle diameters (sample of bulk and nano-particle material).Pathological examination shows that these nano particles play the effect of adding fuel to the flames in tumour generation and Inflammatory response.

As can be seen here, although nano material possesses the utilization rate of fertilizer of raising, promotes plant growth, improves the effects such as quality of agricultural product, but due to very harmful to animal in preparation, application operating person and environment of its toxicity, so preparation, application requirement of shelter higher, moreover preparation difficulty is large, inefficiency, and application prospect in agriculture is severely limited.For this reason, select to be greater than PM2.5 common, cheap, to prepare easy, nontoxic green micro materials imperative in the application in plant-growth field.

Summary of the invention

The purposes that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of water insoluble solids micro-powder.

The invention provides following arbitrary described application of non-water-soluble solid micro-powder:

1) promote the absorption of plant to nitrogen, phosphorus and/or potassium;

2) improve plant biomass and improve plant quality.

Described application is specially following application one or two:

Described application one is dressed seed for described powder is mixed with plant seed;

Described application two is for to puddle described powder and fertilizer as base manure or to topdress and use.

Wherein, the particle diameter of described powder is 2.5-50 μ m, is specially 2.94,3.56,3.57,3.68,4.56,4.76,5.34,5.45,6.42,6.54,6.78,7.56,8.12,8.69,8.76,9.58,10.54,10.63,11.20,14.23,15.67,18.97,39.0,41.2,41.6,42.1,43.2,43.5,43.8,45.5,45.6,45.7,45.9,46.5,46.8,46.9,47.9,48.9,48.5,49.8,2.94-49.8,2.94-18.97 or 39.0-49.8 μ m;

Described powder is water-insoluble solid chemical compound or the ore that contains the essential or beneficial element of crop alimentary;

Concrete, the material that forms described powder is selected from least one in sedimentogeneous rock, volcanics, metamorphosed rock, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, magnesiumcarbonate, Indian red, Z 250, pyrite, rhombohedral iron ore, magnetite, biological carbon, graphite, carbon black, brown coal, Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL), zeolite, Attapulgite, mica, zinc oxide, cupric oxide, quartz sand and Manganse Dioxide.

In described application one, the mass ratio of powder and plant seed is 0.001-5:100, is specially 0.005-4.85:100;

In described application one, seed dressing specifically comprises the steps:

Clear water soaks seed controlled water after 0.5-24 hour, but kept seed epidermis moist, then by proportioning, powder was mixed with the seed of plant, made described powder evenly be attached to the epidermis of every seed;

In described application two, described fertilizer is selected from least one in single element fertilizer, Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, fertilizer, micro-fertilizer, bacterial manure and water soluble fertilizer;

The mass ratio of described powder and fertilizer is 0.01-10:100; Be specially 0.05-4.75:100,0.1-0.15:100,0.1-4.75:100 or 0.15-4.75:100;

In above-mentioned application, described plant is all selected from least one in farm crop, vegetables and flowers.

Concrete, described farm crop are corn, wheat, peanut or soybean;

Described vegetables are tomato, celery or spinach;

Described flowers are narcissus, turmeric, gladiolus or Cyclamen persicum.

Described improve plant quality for following any one:

1) improve at least one in Vc, soluble sugar and the soluble protein content in vegetables edible part;

2) at least one in colored taro number, flowering rate and the real petal number of raising flowers;

3) reduce the acidity of plant edible part and at least one in nitrate content.

The present invention is applied to water insoluble solids micro-powder in plant growing and process of growth, can improve output, improves product quality.

This invention has the following advantages:

1) the present invention's starting material used more common, easily obtain or buy;

2) materials processing, preparation easier, saving of labor, province's energy, expense is cheap and green safety;

3) using method is easier.Be seed dressing or seed pelleting in the present invention, mix the purposes such as fertile, easily grasp and implement;

4) increase production, to improve agricultural-food remarkably productive;

5) set up micro materials at the milestone of plant field application, there is great ecology and economic worth.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.Described method is ordinary method if no special instructions.Described starting material all can obtain from open commercial sources if no special instructions.

Embodiment 1, the application of water insoluble solids micro-powder in corn seed dressing

Object: the impact of low dose of (0.05g/kg seed) Dressing of different sorts small particle size (be greater than but close to 2.5 μ m) micro-powder on corn growth and plant overground part N, P, K nutrition absorption.

For studying thing: corn Zheng Dan 958, corn center, Beijing City Agriculture and Forestry Institute provides.

For trying fertilizer: urea originates from Hubei Yi Hua Chemical Co., Ltd. and produces, nitrogen content 46%, carries out GB: GB2440-2001.Calcium superphosphate originates from river and mountain star sea, Yunnan chemical fertilizer industry company limited, P ₂o ₅content is 14%, carries out GB: GB20413-2006; Vitriolate of tartar originates from Shandong seaization, K ₂o content is 50%, carries out GB: GB20406-2006.

Method: corn seed dressing, potted plant earth culture.Place is positioned at Inst. of Plant Nutrition &. Resource, Beijing City Academy of Agricultural &. Fo greenhouse; Time is on June 28,18 days to 2010 May in 2010.

Dress basin; Wind desiceted soil is sieved, and by oven drying method, measuring water content is 6.78%.In order to ensure 5kg dry ground, every basin claims soil amount for 5.36kg wind desiceted soil.All fertilizer treatment fertilizer all does that base manure is disposable to be applied.

Processing 1 does not add any fertilizer and directly claims soil dress basin.

Process 2～24 and by table 1, process the soil and fertilizer (urea, calcium superphosphate and the vitriolate of tartar) gradation that weigh up are poured in large basin respectively, stirring and evenly mixing and dress basin.

Seed dressing: select full uniform seed 24 * 3=72 part, weigh respectively.With clear water, soak after 24 hours, control water, dries in the shade 2 hours, then according to the micro-powder of different sorts and particle diameter being mixed according to proportioning with corn seed shown in table 1, micro-powder is evenly attached on the epidermis of every corn seed, completes seed dressing.

Sowing: every basin cross symmetry is 1 cave apart from basin limit 3cm, and every basin 43, ，Mei cave, cave seeds, are 3cm deeply.

Test totally 24 processing, repeat for three times, amount to 72 basins.Basin is high * basin on bore=25cm * 25cm.

Low dose of (0.05g/kg seed) micro-powder of table 1. different sorts small particle size (be greater than but close to 2.5 μ m) is beautiful

Rice Dressing

Note: " g/kg seed " represents that every kg seed and how many g micro-powder dress seed.

Management: through especially filling basin test, determine that every basin optimal irrigation is 750ml, so after planting every basin is filled with tap water 750ml.Observe soil moisture content later, keep watering consistent, meanwhile, remove weeds in basin.

The measurement of plant overground part dry biomass and plant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium: will paste the plant of gathering in washing from the beginning 3 times, then use deionized water rinsing 1 time.With thieving paper, blot surface water, the baking oven of then putting into 85 ℃ is dried, and with one of percentage balance, claims dry weight.Then pulverize, cross 0.5mm sieve.Total nitrogen, full phosphorus, full potassium content are measured the method in " Soil Analysis in Agricultural Chemistry " that adopts Bao scholar's dawn.

Data analysis: adopt SPSS statistical analysis software.

Result

1, the impact of different Dressings on corn field top dry biomass

Acquired results is in Table 2.

Table 2. different treatment repeats for three times and average dry biomass the results of analysis of variance

Note: significant difference between the different lowercases of same column represent to process, P < 0.05.

As shown in Table 2, all Dressings all significantly increase dry biomass than simple fertilizer treatment 2.Illustrate that different types of particle diameter is that significant biological effect is all played in the low dose of seed dressing of micro-powder of 2.5 μ m to 20 μ m.From table 1, be also shown in, the effect of increasing production of the mica micropowder Dressing of same weight is best.

2, different corn seed dressings are processed the impact that milpa overground part is absorbed to N, P, K total amount

Table 3 different treatment milpa overground part absorbs N, P, K total amount

Note: significant difference between the different lowercases of same column represent to process, P < 0.05.

From table 3, the low dose of seed dressing of the micro-powder of different types of 2.5 μ m to 20 μ m yardsticks, milpa inhales nitrogen, potassium amount significantly increases than contrast (processing 2).

Embodiment 2, the application of water insoluble solids micro-powder in corn seed dressing

Object: the impact of different sorts small particle size (be greater than but close to 2.5 μ m) micro-powder high dosage (48.5g/kg seed) Dressing on corn growth and plant overground part N, P, K nutrition absorption.

For studying thing: corn Zheng Dan 958, corn center, Beijing City Agriculture and Forestry Institute provides.

For trying fertilizer: urea originates from Hubei Yi Hua Chemical Co., Ltd. and produces, nitrogen content 46%, carries out GB: GB2440-2001; Calcium superphosphate originates from river and mountain star sea, Yunnan chemical fertilizer industry company limited, P ₂o ₅content is 14%, carries out GB: GB20413-2006; Vitriolate of tartar originates from Shandong seaization, K ₂o content is 50%, carries out GB: GB20406-2006.

Method: corn seed dressing and potted plant earth culture.Place is positioned at Inst. of Plant Nutrition &. Resource, Beijing City Academy of Agricultural &. Fo greenhouse; Time is on June 28,18 days to 2010 May in 2010.

Dress basin; Wind desiceted soil is sieved, and it is 6.78% that oven drying method is measured water content.In order to ensure 5kg dry ground, every basin claims soil amount for 5.36kg wind desiceted soil.All fertilizer treatment fertilizer all does that base manure is disposable to be applied.

Processing 1 does not add any fertilizer and directly claims soil dress basin.

Process 2～24 and by soil and fertilizer (urea, calcium superphosphate and the vitriolate of tartar) gradation processed weighing up, pour in large basin respectively, stirring and evenly mixing and dress basin.

Seed dressing: select full uniform seed 24 * 3=72 part, weigh respectively.With clear water, soak after 24 hours, control water, dries in the shade 2 hours, then according to the micro-powder of different sorts and particle diameter being mixed according to proportioning with corn seed shown in table 4, micro-powder is evenly attached on the epidermis of every corn seed, completes seed dressing.

Sowing: every basin cross symmetry is 1 cave apart from basin limit 3cm, and every basin 43, ，Mei cave, cave seeds, are 3cm deeply.

Test totally 24 processing, repeat for three times, amount to 72 basins.Basin is high * basin on bore=25cm * 25cm.

Table 4. different sorts small particle size (be greater than but close to 2.5 μ m) micro-powder high dosage (48.5g/kg seed) corn seed dressing is processed

Note: " g/kg seed " expression per kilogram seed and how many grams of micro-powders are dressed seed.

Management: through especially filling basin test, determine that every basin optimal irrigation is 750ml, so after planting every basin is filled with tap water 750ml.Observe soil moisture content later, keep consistent compared with water, meanwhile, remove weeds in basin.

Plant overground part dry biomass measures and the measurement of plant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium: will paste the plant of gathering in washing from the beginning 3 times, then use deionized water rinsing 1 time.With thieving paper, blot surface water, the baking oven of then putting into 85 ℃ is dried, and with one of percentage balance, claims dry weight.Then pulverize, cross 0.5mm sieve.Total nitrogen, full phosphorus, full potassium content are measured the method in " Soil Analysis in Agricultural Chemistry " that adopts Bao scholar's dawn.

Data analysis: adopt SPSS statistical analysis software.

Result

1, the impact of different Dressings on corn field top dry biomass

Table 5. different treatment repeats for three times and average dry biomass the results of analysis of variance

Note: significant difference between the different lowercases of same column represent to process, P < 0.05.

As shown in Table 5, all Dressings all significantly increase dry biomass than simple fertilizer treatment 2.Illustrating that heavy dose of different sorts is greater than close to 2.5 μ m yardstick micro-powder high dosages seed dressings all plays significant biological effect, illustrate that the biological short length of high dosage micro-powder seed dressing is respond well.

2, different corn seed dressings are processed the impact that milpa overground part is absorbed to N, P, K total amount

The different Dressings of table 6 absorb the impact of N, P, K total amount on milpa overground part

Note: significant difference between the different lowercases of same column represent to process, P < 0.05.

From table 6, different sorts is less than the low dose of seed dressing of 20 μ m yardstick micro-powders, and milpa inhales nitrogen, potassium amount significantly increases than contrast (processing 2), and does not increase the absorption total amount of phosphorus.

Embodiment 3, the application of water insoluble solids micro-powder in corn seed dressing

Object: the impact of low dose of (0.05g/kg seed) Dressing of the large particle diameter of different sorts (be less than but close to 50 μ m) micro materials on corn growth and plant overground part N, P, K nutrition absorption.

For studying thing: corn Zheng Dan 958, corn center, Beijing City Agriculture and Forestry Institute provides.

For trying fertilizer: urea originates from Hubei Yi Hua Chemical Co., Ltd. and produces, nitrogen content 46%, carries out GB: GB2440-2001.Calcium superphosphate originates from river and mountain star sea, Yunnan chemical fertilizer industry company limited, P ₂o ₅content is 14%, carries out GB: GB20413-2006; Vitriolate of tartar originates from Shandong seaization, K ₂o content is 50%, carries out GB: GB20406-2006.

Method: corn seed dressing and potted plant earth culture.Place is positioned at Inst. of Plant Nutrition &. Resource, Beijing City Academy of Agricultural &. Fo greenhouse; Time is on September 28,18 days to 2010 August in 2010.

Dress basin; Wind desiceted soil is sieved, and it is 6.78% that oven drying method is measured water content.In order to ensure 5kg dry ground, every basin claims soil amount for 5.36kg wind desiceted soil.All fertilizer treatment fertilizer all does that base manure is disposable to be applied.

Processing 1 does not add any fertilizer and directly claims soil dress basin.

Process 2～24 and by processing, weighed up soil and fertilizer gradation are poured in large basin respectively, stirring and evenly mixing and dress basin.

Seed dressing: select full uniform seed 24 * 3=72 part, weigh respectively.With clear water, soak 24 hours, control water, dry in the shade 2 hours, then according to the micro-powder of different sorts and particle diameter being mixed according to proportioning with corn seed shown in table 7, micro-powder is evenly attached on the epidermis of every corn seed, complete seed dressing.

Sowing: every basin cross symmetry is 1 cave apart from basin limit 3cm, and every basin 43, ，Mei cave, cave seeds, are 3cm deeply.

Test totally 24 processing, repeat for three times, amount to 72 basins.Basin is high * basin on bore=25cm * 25cm.

Low dose of (0.05g/kg seed) corn seed dressing of the large particle diameter of table 7. different sorts (be less than but close to 50 μ m) micro materials is processed

Note: " g/kg seed " expression per kilogram seed and how many grams of micro-powders are dressed seed.

Management: through especially filling basin test, determine that every basin optimal irrigation is 750ml, so after planting every basin is filled with tap water 750ml.Observe soil moisture content later, keep consistent compared with water, meanwhile, remove weeds in basin.

Plant overground part dry biomass measures and the measurement of plant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium: will paste the plant of gathering in washing from the beginning 3 times, then use deionized water rinsing 1 time.With thieving paper, blot surface water, the baking oven of then putting into 85 ℃ is dried, and with one of percentage balance, claims dry weight.Then pulverize, cross 0.5mm sieve.Total nitrogen, full phosphorus, full potassium content are measured the method in " Soil Analysis in Agricultural Chemistry " that adopts Bao scholar's dawn.

Data analysis: adopt SPSS statistical analysis software.

Result

1, the impact of different Dressings on corn field top dry biomass

Table 8. different treatment repeats for three times and average dry biomass the results of analysis of variance

Note: significant difference between the different lowercases of same column represent to process, P < 0.05.

As shown in Table 8, all Dressings all significantly increase dry biomass than simple fertilizer treatment 2.Illustrating that different sorts is less than close to 50 μ m yardstick micro-powders all plays significant biological effect, shows that the short long-acting fruit of biology of micro-powder material of large particle diameter is also good.

2, different corn seed dressings are processed the impact that milpa overground part is absorbed to N, P, K total amount

The different Dressings of table 9 absorb the impact of N, P, K total amount on milpa overground part

Note: significant difference between the different lowercases of same column represent to process, P < 0.05.

From table 9, different sorts is less than the low dose of seed dressing of 20 μ m yardstick micro materials, and milpa inhales nitrogen, potassium amount significantly increases than contrast (processing 2), and does not increase the absorption total amount of phosphorus.Specifically which kind of reason, will need further research from now on.

Embodiment 4, the application of water insoluble solids micro-powder in corn seed dressing

Object: the impact of the large particle diameter of different sorts (be less than but close to 50 μ m) micro materials high dosage (48.5g/kg seed) Dressing on corn growth and plant overground part N, P, K nutrition absorption.

For studying thing: corn Zheng Dan 958, corn center, Beijing City Agriculture and Forestry Institute provides.

For trying fertilizer: urea originates from Hubei Yi Hua Chemical Co., Ltd. and produces, carry out GB: GB2440-2001, nitrogen content 46%.Calcium superphosphate originates from river and mountain star sea, Yunnan chemical fertilizer industry company limited, P ₂o ₅content is 14%, carries out GB: GB20413-2006; Vitriolate of tartar originates from Shandong seaization, K ₂o content is 50%, K ₂o content is 50%, carries out GB: GB20406-2006.

Method: corn seed dressing and potted plant earth culture.Place is positioned at Inst. of Plant Nutrition &. Resource, Beijing City Academy of Agricultural &. Fo greenhouse; Time is on September 28,18 days to 2010 August in 2010.

Test totally 24 processing, repeat for three times, amount to 72 basins.Basin is high * basin on bore=25cm * 25cm.

Dress basin; Wind desiceted soil is sieved, and it is 6.78% that oven drying method is measured water content.In order to ensure 5kg dry ground, every basin claims soil amount for 5.36kg wind desiceted soil.All fertilizer treatment fertilizer all does that base manure is disposable to be applied.

Processing 1 does not add any fertilizer and directly claims soil dress basin.

Process 2～24 and by processing, weighed up soil and fertilizer gradation are poured in large basin respectively, stirring and evenly mixing and dress basin.

Seed dressing: select full uniform seed 24 * 3=72 part, weigh respectively.With clear water, soak 24 hours, control water, dry in the shade 2 hours, then according to the micro-powder of different sorts and particle diameter being mixed according to proportioning with corn seed shown in table 10, micro-powder is evenly attached on the epidermis of every corn seed, complete seed dressing.

Sowing: every basin cross symmetry is 1 cave apart from basin limit 3cm, and every basin 43, ，Mei cave, cave seeds, are 3cm deeply.

The large particle diameter of table 10. different sorts (be less than but close to 50 μ m) micro materials high dosage (48.5g/kg seed) corn seed dressing processing scheme

Note: " g/kg seed " expression per kilogram seed and how many grams of micro-powders are dressed seed.

Management: through especially filling basin test, determine that every basin optimal irrigation is 750ml, so after planting every basin is filled with tap water 750ml.Observe soil moisture content later, keep consistent compared with water, meanwhile, remove weeds in basin.

Plant overground part dry biomass measures and the measurement of plant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium: will paste the plant of gathering in washing from the beginning 3 times, then use deionized water rinsing 1 time.With thieving paper, blot surface water, the baking oven of then putting into 85 ℃ is dried, and with one of percentage balance, claims dry weight.Then pulverize, cross 0.5mm sieve.Total nitrogen, full phosphorus, full potassium content are measured the method in " Soil Analysis in Agricultural Chemistry " that adopts Bao scholar's dawn.

Data analysis: adopt SPSS statistical analysis software.

Result

1, the impact of different Dressings on corn field top dry biomass

Table 11. different treatment repeats for three times and average dry biomass variance analysis

Note: significant difference between the different lowercases of same column represent to process, P < 0.05.

As shown in Table 11, all Dressings all significantly increase dry biomass than simple fertilizer treatment 2.Illustrating that different sorts is less than close to 50 μ m yardstick micro-powder high dosages seed dressings all plays significant biological effect, also shows that large particle diameter, heavy dose of micro materials are biological short long respond well.

2, different corn seed dressings are processed the impact that milpa overground part is absorbed to N, P, K total amount

The different Dressings of table 12 absorb the impact of N, P, K total amount on milpa overground part

Note: significant difference between the different lowercases of same column represent to process, P < 0.05.

From table 12, the low dose of seed dressing of different sorts micro materials, milpa inhales nitrogen, potassium amount significantly increases than contrast (processing 2), and does not increase the absorption total amount of phosphorus.

The impact that embodiment 5, water insoluble solids micro-powder are mixed base manure and topdressed on tomato production and quality

Object: different sorts micro-powder various dose is mixed the fertile impact of processing tomato production and quality.

For studying thing: tomato, Monte Carlo, purchased from vegetables center, Beijing City Agriculture and Forestry Institute.

Method: mix fertilizer, greenhouse production.Place is positioned at American style greenhouse, agricultural planting garden, Hancunhe, Fangshan District, Beijing City.June 25 15 days to 2011 October of 2010 time.

For trying fertilizer: Chemical Mixed Fertilizer available nutrient content N-P used ₂o ₅-K ₂o is 15-15-15, originates from Sichuan Hongda Co., Ltd., numbering: No. 0517, the accurate word of river agriculture (2005).Fertilizer originates from the special Organic Fertilizer Plants in Beijing one, numbering: NY525-2012.

Mix fertilizer: fertilizer and Chemical Mixed Fertilizer press table 13 treatment process respectively with different sorts, various dose micro-powder material mixing, stir.

Wherein, the mixture of fertilizer and micro-powder all applies and makes base manure;

4 parts of the equal deciles of mixture of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer and micro-powder, every part of 300kg/hm ²; A copy of it is made base manure, and other three parts apply in the phase of bearing fruit of blooming, growth mid-term with before gathering respectively for 20 days, all ditches at every turn, topdresses, earthing, waters while applying.

Field planting: select seedling even, be transplanted in 1.4m ×7m meter community.

Three repetitions are established in test, amount to 72Ge community.

Table 13. different sorts micro materials and various dose are mixed fertile processing

Note: " g/kg seed " expression per kilogram seed and how many grams of micro-powders are dressed seed.

Management: allly water, prune, hang pea, deinsectization all by garden management custom.

Tomato collection, sample preparation and mensuration: 250 grams, tomato is evenly plucked in the plant upper, middle and lower of Mei community, deionized water is cleaned to be measured.Vc adopts 2,6 one Dichlorophenol indophenol titration measurings, soluble sugar to adopt anthrone method, acidity to carry out GB/T10467-1989 standard test, nitrate employing ultraviolet spectrophotometry.

Result:

In Table 14.

Table 14. different treatment is on tomato production and quality impact

Note: significant difference between the different lowercases of same column represent to process, P < 0.05.

As seen from Table 14, all fertile processing tomato production, Vc and soluble sugar contents mixed are all significantly higher than contrast (processing 2).And fruit acidity and nitrate content all obviously decline.Show to mix fertile processing and not only improve tomato production, and significantly improved fruit quality.

The impact that embodiment 6, water insoluble solids micro-powder are mixed base manure and topdressed on celery yield and quality

Object: different sorts micro materials various dose is mixed the fertile impact of processing celery output and quality.

For studying thing: kind: this celery, purchased from vegetables center, Beijing City Agriculture and Forestry Institute.

For trying fertilizer: Chemical Mixed Fertilizer available nutrient content N-P used ₂o ₅-K ₂o is 15-15-15, originates from Sichuan Hongda Co., Ltd., numbering: No. 0517, the accurate word of river agriculture (2005); Urea originates from Hubei Yi Hua Chemical Co., Ltd. and produces, and nitrogen content 46% is carried out GB: GB2440-2001; Fertilizer originates from the special Organic Fertilizer Plants in Beijing one, numbering: NY525-2012.

Method: this research adopts greenhouse production, and place is positioned at agricultural planting garden, Hancunhe, Fangshan District, Beijing City.February 1 11 days to 2011 September of 2010 time.

Mix fertilizer: fertilizer, Chemical Mixed Fertilizer are pressed to table 15 by processing and mix with the micro-powder of different sorts, various dose respectively, stir and all apply and make base manure;

Separately with urea in contrast: 600 kilograms of urea are evenly divided into 4 parts, every part of 150kg puddles ratio in table 15 different sorts, difference and mixes with powder.Within 40 days, 60 days, 80 days after Planting time, field planting, open shallow ridges, topdress, earthing, water chase after into.

Field planting: select seedling even, be transplanted in 1m ×7m meter community.Line-spacing * spacing in the rows=20cm * 20cm.

If three times are repeated, amount to 72Ge community.

Table 15. different sorts micro materials and various dose are mixed fertile processing scheme

Management: all by garden management custom.

Celery gathers and measures: Mei community is evenly got 10 strains at random, removes root system, with tap water, cleans and dries, with one of percentage balance, weighs, and records output (fresh weight on the ground).Random sampling is surveyed following quality project: Vc and is adopted 2,6 one Dichlorophenol indophenol titration measurings, soluble sugar to adopt anthrone method, soluble protein to adopt Xylene Brilliant Cyanine G method, nitrate to adopt nitrosalicylic acid ultraviolet spectrophotometry.

Result: in Table 16.

Table 16. different treatment affects celery yield and quality

Note: significant difference between the different lowercases of same column represent to process, P < 0.05.

As seen from Table 16, all fertile processing celery output, Vc, soluble sugar and soluble protein contents mixed are all significantly higher than contrast (processing 2).And nitrate content all obviously declines.Show to mix fertile processing and not only improve celery output, also significantly improved fruit quality.

Embodiment 7, water insoluble solids micro-powder are mixed the impact of base manure on spinach yield and quality

Object: different sorts micro materials various dose is mixed the fertile impact of processing spinach output and quality.

For studying thing: kind: celebrate rich No., purchased from vegetables center, Beijing City Agriculture and Forestry Institute.

For trying fertilizer: Chemical Mixed Fertilizer available nutrient content N-P used ₂o ₅-K ₂o is 15-15-15, originates from Sichuan Hongda Co., Ltd., numbering: No. 0517, the accurate word of river agriculture (2005); Fertilizer originates from the special Organic Fertilizer Plants in Beijing one, numbering: NY525-2012.

Method: this research adopts bare area cultivation, and place is positioned at vacant lot between greenhouse, agricultural planting garden, Hancunhe, Fangshan District, Beijing City.April 15 1 day to 2010 March of 2010 time.

Mix fertilizer: because the spinach growth phase is short, so fertilizer, Chemical Mixed Fertilizer are pressed to table 17 by processing, mix with the micro-powder of different sorts, various dose respectively, stir, all apply and make base manure.

Sowing: adopt and broadcast sowing, community area 1m * 5m=5m ².The amount of broadcasting is 1.5g/ community.

Three repetitions are established in test, and random district group, amounts to 72Ge community.

Table 17. different sorts micro materials and various dose are mixed fertile processing scheme

Management: all by the local management custom in garden.

Spinach collection, sample preparation and mensuration: Mei community is evenly got 0.09m at random ², remove root system, with tap water, clean and dry, with one of percentage balance, claim fresh weight to be output.Random sampling is surveyed following quality project: Vc and is adopted 2,6 one Dichlorophenol indophenol titration measurings, soluble sugar to adopt anthrone method; Soluble protein adopts the content of Xylene Brilliant Cyanine G method, nitrate to adopt nitrosalicylic acid ultraviolet spectrophotometry.

Result: in Table 18.

Table 18. different treatment affects spinach yield and quality

Note: significant difference between the different lowercases of same column represent to process, P < 0.05; FW represents fresh weight.

As seen from Table 18, the overwhelming majority is mixed the fertile spinach output of processing and is all significantly higher than and only mixes fertile processing, and Vc, soluble sugar and soluble protein content are all significantly higher than contrast (processing 2).And the content of nitrate all obviously declines.Show to mix fertile processing and not only improve spinach output, also significantly improved fruit quality.

The impact that embodiment 8, water insoluble solids micro-powder are mixed base manure and topdressed on 4 kinds of crop yields

Object: mixed powder is mixed the production-increasing function that fertilizer is made base manure and topdressed crop big area is produced.

For studying thing: wheat (kind: Beijing 841), corn (kind: Zheng Dan 958), peanut (kind: spend No. 1 Shandong), soybean (kind: middle work 982), all purchased from Beijing City Agriculture and Forestry Institute crop institute.

For examination powder: 24 kinds of solid chemical compounds by weight evenly mixed airflow pulverize the micro-powder that obtains large, medium and small three kinds of particle diameters, as for examination powder body material (in Table 20).

For trying fertilizer: composite fertilizer originates from Shunyi Ford and comes compound manure company limited, available nutrient of fertilizer content N-P ₂o ₅-K ₂o is 8-14-8; Numbering: capital agriculture fertile (2011) accurate 1444; Urea originates from Hubei Yi Hua Chemical Co., Ltd. and produces, and nitrogen content 46% is carried out GB: GB2440-2001.

Fertilizing method: place is positioned at Yanqing County of Beijing county small peak battalion, equal 0.067 hectare of every kind of crop demonstration area and contrast.

After all being puddled according to the ratio in table 20 and micro-powder, composite fertilizer and urea applies fertilizer.

The mixture that wherein ，You composite fertilizer and micro-powder form, all as base manure, evenly spreads field, then rotary tillage, level land, sows after doing furrow.

The mixture being comprised of urea and micro-powder is all as topdressing, and the fertilizing method that specifically topdresses is as follows:

Wheat and soybean are topdressed respectively in the middle of period of seedling establishment and early flowering season strip spread the ridge of the shallow ridges that slits, and earthing waters subsequently;

Corn, peanut topdress respectively at typhon mouth phase and blooming stage, and fertilizer is placed on beyond corn and a peanut periphery 15cm and, in hole, cave, covers and water subsequently.

The rate of fertilizer application of every kind of crop is in Table 19.

Table 19, Different Crop custom base manure and proportion of additional fertilizer

Process and output

Process and 4 kinds of crop yields, effect of increasing production in Table 20.

Table 20,4 kinds of large, medium and small three kinds of hybrid microscale particle diameter powders of crop are mixed fertile processing and large-scale demonstration effect of increasing production

As seen from Table 20, it is visible to Different Crop yield effect effect that large, medium and small three kinds of micro-powder materials of different distributions are mixed fertile processing, and 4 kinds of all fertilizer of mixing of crop are processed all significantly volume increase.The amount of increase in production of corn is larger, reaches 36.7%; The amount of increase in production of peanut is relatively little, and minimum is 9.9%.Visible, micro-powder material has showed good popularizing application prospect.

The application that embodiment 9, water insoluble solids micro-powder are mixed base manure and topdressed in flowers

Object: 24 kinds of solid chemical compounds are evenly mixed to the micro-powder material of making large, medium and small three kinds of particle diameters by weight, apply fertilizer and be accustomed to mixing base manure and topdressing processing by flower-grower, research micro-powder material is mixed fertile large-area applications to flower characteristic impact effect.

For studying thing: narcissus, turmeric, gladiolus, Cyclamen persicum, narcissus seedling originates from Zhangzhou, Fujian, and other seedlings all originate from local peasant household.

Powder: 24 kinds of solid chemical compounds by weight evenly mixed airflow be ground into the micro-powder of large, medium and small three kinds of particle diameters, as for examination powder body material.

For trying fertilizer: fertilizer originates from the special Organic Fertilizer Plants in Beijing one, numbering: NY525-2012.Composite fertilizer originates from Shunyi Ford and comes compound manure company limited, available nutrient content N-P ₂o ₅-K ₂o is 8-14-8, numbering: capital agriculture fertile (2011) accurate 1444; Urea originates from Hubei Yi Hua Chemical Co., Ltd. and produces, and nitrogen content 46% is carried out GB: GB2440-2001; Saltpetre originates from Chile, N-K ₂o content is 13.5-45, carries out GB: GB/T20784-2006; Vitriolate of tartar originates from Shandong seaization, K ₂o content is 50%, carries out GB: GB20406-2006.

Fertilizing method: carry out in greenhouse, great Zhang village, Suizhong County, Liaoning, every kind of flowers demonstration area is a plastic greenhouse, and area is 0.054 hectare.

Fertilizer, composite fertilizer and micro-powder are puddled, as base manure;

Urea, saltpetre, vitriolate of tartar and micro-powder are puddled, as topdressing;

Above-mentioned base manure and topdressing, the particle diameter of micro-powder is in Table 21, and the amount ratio of micro-powder and fertilizer is all shown in Table 21;

In base manure, the amount ratio of fertilizer and composite fertilizer is in Table 22; Topdress the amount ratio of middle urea, saltpetre and vitriolate of tartar in Table 22;

The above-mentioned fertilizing time topdressing is in Table 23.

The particle diameter of table 21, micro-powder and while mixing fertilizer and the amount ratio of fertilizer

Table 22, different flowers base manure and topdress fertilizer type and consumption

Table 23, different flowers are topdressed period

Control treatment accounts for booth area 1/3rd, is 0.018 hectare, other for concomitant fertilizer cultivated area be 0.036 hectare.

Testing index is determined:

(1) narcissus April 20 1 year narcissus bead of growth is mixed to fertile processing and planted by not mixing fertilizer (contrast) and different-grain diameter powder, growing period chases after breading body fertilizer, and the process of topdressing comprises: open-minded ditch, broadcast application, earthing and water.After November 1 results, 50 kind balls are selected in every processing at random, and bubble is in the flowerpot alms bowl of certain depth of water, and the record number of blooming, finally adds up the 50 strains sum of blooming.Than contrasting the increase (%) of blooming=(difference is mixed fertile flower taro number-control treatment flower taro number of processing) * 100 ÷ control treatment, spend taro numbers;

(2) turmeric August 20 bulblet is not mixed to fertilizer (contrast) and different-grain diameter powder and mix fertile processing and plant, it is fertile that growing period chases after breading body, and the process of topdressing comprises: ditch, broadcast application, earthing and water slit.After November 20 results, respectively balling-up and bead are selected separately, balling-up can be cultivated and bloom spring, and bead Second Year is cultivated again.Than contrast balling-up, increase (%)=(difference mix fertilizer be processed into nodule number-control treatment become nodule number) * 100 ÷ control treatment flowers and become nodule number;

(3) gladiolus March 25 gladiolus balling-up is mixed to fertile processing and planted by not mixing fertilizer (contrast) and different-grain diameter powder.It is fertile that growing period chases after breading body, and the process of topdressing comprises: ditch, broadcast application, earthing and water slit.Every processing selects 100 strains as test sample book at random, treats on scape that first petal bloomed to start to gather in scape.With hand, press petal, the real petal number of number, finally adds up petal number on all 100 strain scapes, calculates real petal number (%)=(difference is mixed the fertile real petal number of real petal number-control treatment of processing) the real petal number of * 100 ÷ control treatment increasing than contrast;

(4) Cyclamen persicum March 15 seed of germination is mixed to fertile processing and cultivated by not mixing fertilizer (contrast) and different-grain diameter powder.It is fertile that growing period chases after breading body, and the process of topdressing comprises: ditch, broadcast application, earthing and water slit.January 20, the flowers are in blossom begins from first, and every processing is randomly drawed 50 strains and counted flower number, the end until May 2 bloomed.Than contrast flower, increase (%)=(difference is mixed fertile flower number-control treatment flower number of processing) * 100 ÷ control treatment flower numbers.

The large, medium and small three kinds of hybrid microscale particle diameter powders of the different flowers of table 23. are mixed fertile processing to be affected flower characteristic

Table 23 is visible, and it is visible to different flower characteristic impact effects that large, medium and small three kinds of micro-powder materials of different distributions are mixed fertile processing, and 4 kinds of all fertilizer processing consistent qualities of mixing of flowers all increase substantially.Visible, micro-powder material has showed good application prospect on flowers.

Claims (9)

1. following arbitrary described application of non-water-soluble solid micro-powder:

1) promote the absorption of plant to nitrogen, phosphorus and/or potassium;

2) improve plant biomass and improve plant quality.

2. application according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in be applied as following application one or two:

Described application one is dressed seed for described powder is mixed with plant seed;

Described application two is for to puddle described powder and fertilizer as base manure or to topdress and use.

3. application according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described powder is 2.5-50 μ m.

4. according to the arbitrary described application of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: the material that forms described powder is selected from least one in sedimentogeneous rock, volcanics, metamorphosed rock, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, magnesiumcarbonate, ferric oxide, Z 250, pyrite, rhombohedral iron ore, magnetite, biological carbon, graphite, carbon black, brown coal, Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL), zeolite, Attapulgite, mica, zinc oxide, cupric oxide, quartz sand and Manganse Dioxide.

5. according to the arbitrary described application of claim 2-4, it is characterized in that: in described application one, the mass ratio of powder and plant seed is 0.001-5:100, is specially 0.005-4.85:100.

6. according to the arbitrary described application of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: in described application two, fertilizer is selected from least one in single element fertilizer, Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, fertilizer, micro-fertilizer, bacterial manure and water soluble fertilizer;

The mass ratio of described powder and fertilizer is 0.01-10:100, is specially 0.05-4.75:100.

7. according to the arbitrary described application of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: described plant is selected from least one in farm crop, vegetables and flowers.

8. application according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described farm crop are corn, wheat, peanut or soybean;

Described vegetables are tomato, celery or spinach;

Described flowers are narcissus, turmeric, gladiolus or Cyclamen persicum.

9. according to the arbitrary described application of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that: described improve plant quality for following any one:

1) improve at least one in Vc, soluble sugar and the soluble protein content in vegetables edible part;

2) at least one in colored taro number, flowering rate and the real petal number of raising flowers;

3) reduce the acidity of plant edible part and at least one in nitrate content.