JPH04272170A - 真空蒸着用黒鉛ルツボ - Google Patents
真空蒸着用黒鉛ルツボInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04272170A JPH04272170A JP5406791A JP5406791A JPH04272170A JP H04272170 A JPH04272170 A JP H04272170A JP 5406791 A JP5406791 A JP 5406791A JP 5406791 A JP5406791 A JP 5406791A JP H04272170 A JPH04272170 A JP H04272170A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- crucible
- graphite
- graphite crucible
- film
- width
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001883 metal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
め要約のデータは記録されません。
Description
る場合に溶融金属の容器として用いられる黒鉛製のルツ
ボに関する。
下に蒸発させてプラスチックまたは紙のようなフイルム
状物の表面に金属薄膜層として蒸着形成する真空蒸着法
においては、金属融解用に黒鉛ルツボが有用されている
。
イルム状物の下部に設置され、誘導加熱によって高温に
保持されるが、蒸着はフイルム状物の全体に均質におこ
なわれねばならない。このため、従来はフイルム状物の
幅に対して十分な金属蒸発面を確保する目的から、図2
に示すように走行するフイルム状物1の下部に底付円筒
状を呈する丸型形状(典型的なサイズは内径100mm
、外径120mm 、高さ90〜100mm)の黒鉛
ルツボ2を走行方向と直角に且つフイルム幅長に相当す
る個数を並べて設置する方式が採られている。この場合
、均一な蒸着膜を得るためには個々の黒鉛ルツボからの
金属蒸発量が均等になるように制御する必要があり、各
黒鉛ルツボについて投入電気量の調整がおこなわれる。
式においては、蒸着対象となるフイルム状物の幅広のケ
ースでは20個程度の丸型黒鉛ルツボを整列させて使用
することになる関係で、投入電気量の調整操作が煩雑化
すると共に、各黒鉛ルツボ間に不可避的な間隔が介在す
るためもあって金属蒸発量に位置的なムラが生じ、結果
的に均質な蒸着層の形成化が阻害される難点がある。そ
のうえ、一個の黒鉛ルツボにおいて溶融金属が蒸発し切
った際には、その時点で処理を終了するバッチ操業とな
らざるを得ないため、最近、開発された連続式アルミニ
ウム蒸着装置 (フイルム巻出・巻取り装置を真空系外
に設置する設備)には適用できない問題点もある。
ために開発されたもので、容易に投入電気量の調整がで
き、フイルム状物の幅に係わらず常に蒸着ムラのない均
一な金属膜を連続的に形成することができる真空蒸着用
黒鉛ルツボの提供を目的としている。
めの本発明による真空蒸着用黒鉛ルツボは、連続走行す
るフイルム状物の下部に設置し、真空下の誘導加熱によ
り溶融金属を前記フイルム状物に蒸着させるためのルツ
ボであって、少なくともフイルム状物の幅と同等以上の
長さをもつ長尺ボート形状を備えることを構成上の特徴
とする。
黒鉛ルツボを走行するフイルム状物の下部に直角に設置
したときにフイルム状物の幅の左右にルツボの両端部が
出る程度の長さを有し、長さ方向の溝幅がフイルム状物
の幅長範囲において実質的に平行となるように設計する
ことである。この形態を模式的に示すと図1のようにな
り、フイルム状物1の幅全体が長尺ボート形状の黒鉛ル
ツボ3における長さ範囲内の上面を走行する。
方性黒鉛とすることが好ましく、とくに電気比抵抗が
700〜1000μΩcmで電気比抵抗分布のバラツキ
が5%以内に収まり、かつ平均気孔径1μm 以下、気
体透過度0.02cm2/sec 以下の等方性黒鉛を
基材として構成することが望ましい。電気比抵抗が 7
00〜1000μΩcmで電気比抵抗分布のバラツキが
5%以内の特性は、誘導加熱時、ルツボ全体に均一な温
度分布を付与するために必要で、この設定要件を満たさ
ないと温度分布の変動が大きくなって蒸着ムラの原因と
なる。また、平均気孔径が1μm を越え、気体透過度
が0.02cm2/sec を上廻ると黒鉛材組織の緻
密度が低下してルツボの耐久寿命が短くなる。
、シリカ等のセラミックス材料で処理すると耐久寿命が
一層改善される。とくにアルミナ処理を施して黒鉛組織
の微細孔にアルミナを充填して材料改質をおこなうと、
組織内部への溶融金属の侵入が防止され、材質組織を脆
弱化する金属炭化物の生成を効果的に抑制することがで
きる。アルミナ処理は、例えばアルミナゾルを黒鉛ルツ
ボに含浸したのち乾燥する方法でおこなうことができる
。
もフイルム状物の幅と同等以上の長さをもつ長尺ボート
形状として形成されているから、、従来数個から数十個
単位の丸型黒鉛ルツボを整列させて使用していた方式を
1個のルツボ設置で賄うことができる。このため、誘導
加熱時の投入電力量のコントロールが簡単になり、また
処理すべきフイルム状物の幅方向における位置ムラのな
い極めて均等な金属蒸発が発現する。
1000μΩcmでその分布のバラツキが5%以内にあ
る等方性黒鉛である場合には、ルツボ全体として均一な
温度分布が得られる。したがって、上記の作用と併せて
常に均質は金属蒸着被膜の形成が可能となる。ルツボ材
質として平均気孔径1μm以下、気体透過度0.02c
m2/sec 以下の等方性黒鉛を適用すると耐久寿命
が向上し、更にアルミナ処理を施すと一層の長期安定性
が確保される。なお、本発明の真空蒸着用黒鉛ルツボを
使用すれば、溶融金属が減少した段階でルツボ端部から
蒸着金属を小塊、フレーク粉末、線材、溶湯など種々の
性状形態で補充することができるから、その都度処理を
停止することなく連続的に操業を継続することが可能と
なる。したがって、処理効率が大幅に改善される。
、電気比抵抗分布のバラツキ5%、曲げ強さ590kg
f/cm2、気体透過度0.02cm2/sec 、熱
膨張係数(RT 〜1000℃)5.0×10−6/
℃、気孔率10.0 vol%、平均気孔径1.0 μ
m の特性をもつ等方性黒鉛材を加工して幅140mm
、高さ160mm 、長さ1900mmの長尺ボート
形状の真空蒸着用黒鉛ルツボを作製した。この真空蒸着
用ルツボを、周辺を取り巻くように形成された誘導加熱
コイル中にセットし、約1KHz の高周波電流によっ
て1500℃に加熱した際の温度分布を測定したところ
、20℃未満であることが確認された。
金属にアルミニウム、被覆対象に膜厚40μm 、幅7
40mm のポリ塩化ビニルを用い、真空度5×10−
4Torr、温度1360℃の条件でアルミニウム蒸着
膜厚が 400オングストロームになるまで真空蒸着処
理をおこなった。得られた蒸着膜厚のバラツキは、平均
値に対し±5%以内で優れた均質性を備えていることが
認められた。
15%のほかは上記と同等特性の等方性黒鉛材から作製
した真空蒸着用黒鉛ルツボでは、温度分布が60℃と大
きくなり、形成されたアルミニウム蒸着膜のバラツキも
若干拡大する傾向を示した。
として実施例1と同一の長尺ボート形状の真空蒸着用ル
ツボに加工形成し、これをアルミナゾルに浸漬して含浸
処理を施したのち乾燥した。このようにしてアルミナ処
理を施した各真空蒸着用ルツボにつき、実施例1と同一
の条件でアルミニウムの真空蒸着をおこなって耐久寿命
を試験した。耐久寿命の終点は、ルツボ上端面の一部に
クラックが発生したときの時間とした。各耐久時間をル
ツボ材料の平均気孔径および気体透過度と対比して表1
に示した。
越え、また気体透過度が0.02cm2/secを上廻
ると耐久性が低下することが認められた。
真空蒸着用黒鉛ルツボは従来の丸型黒鉛ルツボと異なる
長尺ボート形状の一体化構造を呈するから、被覆対象と
なるフイルム状物の幅に係わりなく連続操業として常に
均質な金属蒸着膜を形成することができる。とくにルツ
ボ材質を特定の等方性黒鉛材とし、またアルミナ処理を
施した場合には形成される蒸着膜のバラツキは一層軽減
され、同時に耐久寿命の改善を図ることが可能となるか
ら、実用性能を極めて増大する。
方式を模式的に示した斜視図である。
合の真空蒸着方式を模式的に示した斜視図である。
Claims (3)
- 【請求項1】 連続走行するフイルム状物の下部に設
置し、真空下の誘導加熱により溶融金属を前記フイルム
状物に蒸着させるためのルツボであって、少なくともフ
イルム状物の幅と同等以上の長さをもつ長尺ボート形状
を備えることを特徴とする真空蒸着用黒鉛ルツボ。 - 【請求項2】 電気比抵抗が 700〜1000μΩ
cmで電気比抵抗分布のバラツキが5%以内に収まり、
かつ平均気孔径1μm 以下、気体透過度0.02cm
2/sec 以下の等方性黒鉛からなる請求項1記載の
真空蒸着用黒鉛ルツボ。 - 【請求項3】 アルミナ処理が施されている請求項1
又は2記載の真空蒸着用黒鉛ルツボ。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP03054067A JP3125279B2 (ja) | 1991-02-25 | 1991-02-25 | 真空蒸着用黒鉛ルツボ |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP03054067A JP3125279B2 (ja) | 1991-02-25 | 1991-02-25 | 真空蒸着用黒鉛ルツボ |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH04272170A true JPH04272170A (ja) | 1992-09-28 |
JP3125279B2 JP3125279B2 (ja) | 2001-01-15 |
Family
ID=12960277
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP03054067A Expired - Fee Related JP3125279B2 (ja) | 1991-02-25 | 1991-02-25 | 真空蒸着用黒鉛ルツボ |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP3125279B2 (ja) |
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