JPH0359171B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

<Industrial Application Fields> The present invention involves reeling fine latitude raw silk into short fibers, then applying chemical treatment and crimping to produce wool, animal hair, such as cashmere, caramel, mohair, angora, etc. A method for producing a yarn mixed with endodermal hair and natural fibers, and a soft and bulky knitted fabric that combines the elegant luster of silk, the lightness of feathers, the elasticity and wrinkle resistance of wool, and a hybrid for textiles.・Regarding wool yarn. <Conventional technology> Conventional spun silk threads used as yarn for knitting and textiles are made of short silk fibres, such as silk hair cocoon thread, cocoon fuzz from waste cocoons, and by-products of silkworms such as waste produced during reeling. It is refined and used. In addition, floss made from cocoons, which is the raw material for pongee thread, is also stretched and cut and used in addition to this. These are well-refined and in top condition, and have the smoothness and luster characteristic of silk. Therefore, they were mixed with wool and used. However, the actual situation is that the above-mentioned kneaded silk, which is an aggregate fiber from which sericin has been removed, is smooth during spinning and cannot be easily mixed with wool. It's easy to happen. Furthermore, smooth cocoon threads float, increasing the frequency of pill formation, and are not compatible with wool. Therefore, if the operation is continued from now on, the above-mentioned conditions will further overlap, resulting in a tendency for the adverse conditions to expand. When knitting, woven fabrics, etc. are made from these raw yarns, these pillings may make the needle slip harder.
This can also lead to malfunctions such as knots in the reeds becoming clogged, leading to a significant deterioration in the quality of knitting and weaving. Raw yarn made from cotton or fluff is used for braiding and weaving, such as bulky health clothing that does not stiffen the shoulders, but its bulkiness is also exhibited during carding and yarn spinning, and although it can be seen visually, it is If it is too long, the quality of the wool deteriorates due to a unique "sagging" appearance, "pilling" due to rubbing and friction, lack of bulge, etc.
Since the value as a product decreases, effective practical application is delayed. <Problems to be solved by the invention> Furthermore, using conventional techniques, ordinary raw silk is refined to remove sericin, processed into short fibers, and its properties are brought closer to those of natural fibers such as wool and animal hair, and the two are blended. However, the raw silk does not mix well with the scales on the surface of wool and animal hair, and as mentioned earlier, there are problems such as the raw silk tends to come out first during spinning and pilling occurs, and the sericin of the raw silk By removing this, a product with a feel similar to pure cotton was created, with no stiffness and reduced silkiness. Therefore, the present invention solves the problems inherent in the conventional technology as described above, utilizes the inherent advantages of silk yarn, respects the characteristics of wool such as scale and crimp, and creates a fine-grained raw silk that is closest to wool. The aim is to create a high-quality hybrid wool product by reproducing the two to make them compatible, cover each other's weak points, and make use of their strengths. Another purpose is to make the weight of knitted fabrics and woven fabrics, which are limited by wool alone, much lighter, while also blending the raw silk and wool to make them softer, giving them a firmer and glossier appearance. The knitted fabrics and fabrics created by forming a certain hybrid wool yarn do not pill, and they shrink little even after washing, and do not turn into felt. The object of the present invention is to provide the yarn with added value. <Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the requirements as described below. (1) Multiple cocoons are attached to obtain fine raw silk of 5 to 21 deniers, which is twisted and wrapped around a small frame, dried, and cut into short fibers.
The sericin is fixed and crimped by treatment and immersion in a high-temperature formalin solution, and the thickness, length,
After forming the conditions such as crimps and cracks to be as close as possible to the characteristics of the other fiber to be mixed,
A method for producing hybrid wool, which is characterized by mixing wool, animal hair, and other fibers and spinning them into raw yarn for knitting and textiles. (2) Twisted fine-grained raw silk of 5 to 21 deniers is dried and cut into approximately the same length as the other fibers to be blended. The pieces are treated and soaked in a low concentration, high temperature formalin solution to fix the sericin, and then the sericin is fixed. Hybrid wool raw yarn for knitting and weaving is made by crimping and creating cracks on the surface of sericin, mixing and spinning the raw silk with wool, animal hair, and other fibers. <Function> (1) One of the features of the method of the present invention is that instead of the conventional silk wool top, fine raw silk of 5 to 21 deniers with 3 to 7 cocoons attached is reeled, and it is reeled at least once during reeling. The method consists of using yarn that is twisted and wound around a small frame. At that time, even if the thread breaks due to a knot clogging on the way, there is no need to connect the thread, and by simply winding it onto a small frame, the labor of reeling can be greatly reduced. When the appropriate amount of thread has been wound, it is only necessary to cut the thread, remove it from the small frame, and collect it, so there is no need to replace the small frame as in the conventional case. By adopting this process, it is possible to completely omit the hoisting process, which was considered a complicated process in the conventional method, and the raw material production is completed only in the reeling process, so the raw material cocoons are 1/3 compared to the conventional method, and the labor required The power is also reduced by about 1/2, making a significant economic contribution to costs. Among the above, the reason why we decided to attach 3 to 7 cocoons and reel fine silk is as a result of repeating step-by-step experiments with cocoon attachment. Due to the tension inside the cocoon, it is easy to cause the cocoon to fall, making it difficult to control grain attachment, and making it difficult to continue reeling. In addition, when using treated yarn, it is extremely soft but has no stiffness.
The product loses its silky feel and its value decreases. (b) If the number of cocoon grains is increased, it is easier to control the number of grains, but the resulting thread is too thick and has a lot of sericin adhesion, and the raw silk becomes hard, making it difficult to make wool, animal, etc. after processing. It has been found that raw silk is superior when mixed with natural fibers of wool and is not suitable for obtaining good hybrid wool. (c) Therefore, it was confirmed that 3 grains of cocoons mixed and fixed grains (approximately 5 to 10 denier) is optimal, and in the case of thin-skinned cocoons and fine-grained cocoons in early autumn, 4 grains is also within a good range. . (2) The second feature of the present invention is improvement in chemical treatment of yarn. In the past, improved methods for fixing sericin with formaluthyde have been proposed as a means of preventing the dissolution of sericin contained in raw silk, stabilizing the product, and preventing economic leakage (Ryugo Inoue S10.5, etc.). In both cases, the fixing method step is divided into a first, second, or third step, and a method for manufacturing pseudo-wool silk thread is proposed. In addition, in the solution method, when no auxiliary agent is added, 10 to 20% (2 to 2% of formalin) at room temperature is used.
(4 times diluted solution), fixing for 10 to 15 hours to 1 day is recommended, and for hot fixing, 2 to 6%, 2 to 5 hours at 40° to 80° C. is appropriate. Some people recommend treating 3% at 80℃ for 30 minutes, but this will cause the dissolved portion of sericin to wash away, so do not heat it above 50℃ at 2-4%.
It is desirable to soak the raw silk in formaldehyde for 2 to 5 hours. When immersed in a 20% solution of the above chemicals for 10 to 15 hours at room temperature, the weight increase rate of the sample is 1.5 to 3.0% (Chūichiro Komatsu
As shown in S15), sericin is fixed. By the way, the above-mentioned chemical treatment in the method of the present invention is
Unlike the conventional method, the purpose is simply to prevent the dissolution of sericin, the operation is simple as described below, and it was introduced into the manufacturing process with the expectation of actively improving the quality of the product. That is, the raw silk obtained as described above is cut into lengths of about 20 to 22 cm to obtain short threads. Bring a 2% formalin solution to a boiling state of 95 to 98°C, quickly put the short thread into it, immerse it for about 2 minutes, stop heating, leave it to cool, take it out after 2 hours, dehydrate it, Wash with water three times and air dry. This treatment step causes waves and crimps in the fine fiber staples. According to microscopic examination, a kind of crevasses occur on the entire surface of the colloid sericin layer of the raw silk (see Figures 3 and 4), which causes the fine fiber filaments to shrink and bend, softening the yarn. There is. When this is loosened and coated with cardin, it becomes soft and has a feel reminiscent of the downy hair of a swan.
The result was a beautiful silk material with a delicate luster that had not been possible with silk products up until now. The above-mentioned silk material blends well with the scales on the surface of wool, and the two can be blended together extremely easily.As a result, the elegance of silk and the sweet waves of wool, which cannot be expected with conventional methods, are a good match. A high-quality material has been created in which the strengths of these materials are fused and the characteristics of each material are harmonized and exhibited. As described above, if the cocoons are finely reeled and the unrefined yarn made into short yarn is improved by a 2% formalin solution and high temperature short time treatment, sericin, which was previously considered unnecessary, can be used to impart texture. Therefore, it can be used effectively, and the raw silk obtained by this process can be valuable as an elegant material. In short, the present invention consists of blending raw silk with wool and animal hair by turning reeled yarn with extremely small grains into short fibers,
This is processed to make the sericin abnormal, causing cracks on the surface of the fiber, as well as waves and crimps (crimping), making it compatible with the scales and crimps on the surface of wool and animal hair, and integrating both fibers. Allows for mixed weaving. (Necessary and sufficient waves and crimps will not occur unless processed after being made into short fibers.) The sericin of the ultra-fine raw silk is fixed to give the blended yarn bulkiness, silkiness, and luster, while the ultra-fine yarn is mixed. By doing so, we did not lose the advantages of wool and animal hair. Although it is a wool blend, it is extremely lightweight. No pilling, no felting, no shrinkage even after washing. Also, the process is simple and can be omitted. It has special features compared to conventional technology. <Example> An example of the present invention will be described below, but the specific processes and numerical values listed therein are typical examples and do not necessarily limit the gist of the present invention. The embodiment may be modified in various ways other than those described below, depending on the technical level of the industry. (1) Reeling of fine raw silk (5 to 21 deniers), () Raw cocoons and boiled cocoons The cocoons that are boiled using ordinary cocoons may be of local varieties. () Reeling Any of the multi-line reel, automatic reel, and testing machine is acceptable. Graining should be done by mixing and kneading 3 grains, and the yarn should be run through the shortest course. The warm pipes are fully open. () Convergence of yarn After winding up an appropriate amount (about 30g) of raw silk onto a small frame, cut one part of the circular yarn to remove it from the small frame and converge it. Add this to the required length (10 to 21
(cm) to make short fibers. FIG. 2 shows a reproduction of a microscopic photograph of the fiber. (2) Chemical treatment No. 1 20c.c./1 (2%) formalin solution at 95-98℃
Raise the temperature to boiling temperature, add the short fibers, treat at high temperature for 2 minutes, stop heating, and leave to cool for 2 hours. The treated fibers are taken out of the solution, washed with water two to three times, dehydrated, and air-dried. That is, after giving a shock to the yarn by treating it at high temperature for a short time, it is immersed in the same solution for about 2 hours. Third
The figure shows an example of a reproduction of a microscopic photograph of the surface of raw silk treated by the above process. It can be seen that the raw silk swells and cracks are formed along the longitudinal direction of its surface. No. 2 Fine fiber raw silk was immersed in 2% formalin solution at 50°C, treated overnight, and then pulled up.
Washed with water, dehydrated, and air-dried. FIG. 4 shows an example of a reproduction of a microscopic photograph of the surface of raw silk that has undergone the above process.

[Table] From the table above, comparing the results of No. 1 and No. 2, the high temperature short time treatment area is better in both areas.
The amount of fixing finish is 2.1 to 1.0% higher than that processed overnight. In addition, the threads that had been treated overnight felt a little dry. However, it goes without saying that the silk threads obtained by any of the above-mentioned processing methods can also be used as spinning raw materials to achieve the purpose. (3) Spinning method (a) Raw material Wool...Yellow (1.5% ylenicol)
210g Silk treated thread... Silk thread with 3 grains Natural color 70g Guide thread... Raw silk 27 medium x 5 S100T/m is refined and dyed 1% yellow. () Calculated at a ratio of 3 parts wool to 1 part silk,
Card each one once. FIG. 2 shows a reproduction of a micrograph of the wool surface. () Card the two together two or three times to mix well. () When it starts to spread, tear it into 1.5cm long pieces. () Using an electric spinning wheel. () Connect the guide thread to the road thread. () Hold the spinning material in your left hand and add it to the guide thread, determine the amount according to the target thread,
The material is entwined, twisted, fed, and wound onto a bobbin. This series creates a mixture of wool and silk, a so-called high-braid wool yarn. (b) Raw material wool...yellow (1.5% ylenicol)
210g Silk treated thread... Silk thread with 3 grains Natural color 70g () Measured at a ratio of 3 parts wool to 1 part silk,
Card each one once. () Combine the two and card to mix well. () A material that is a mixture of wool and silk, that is, a hybrid wool thread according to the present invention, can be obtained by spinning ordinary wool. 4. Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, the state of silk thread can be changed by a series of processes including reeling raw silk with extremely small grains, making it into short fibers, treating it with formalin solution at high temperature for a short time, and soaking it for about 2 hours. By approximating the scale and crimp of wool, we also brought the thickness and length closer to improve the compatibility between the two, and this allowed us to create an integrated blend of wool and silk that had never been possible before, and to create a unique blend of each. It is possible to form and provide a hybrid wool yarn that can combine and exhibit the advantages of fibers. As mentioned above, all the existing equipment used in the processing process can be used, and it is also possible to adopt labor-saving and simplified processes that cannot be expected with this type of conventional technology, which is a feature that can suppress cost increases. There is. The products created using this method are extremely lightweight; for example, a women's short-sleeved sweater weighs only 135g.
One made of wool of the same type and with similar stitches weighed 240 g. From this fact, it can be seen that the hybrid wool yarn of the present invention blends well with wool and silk, and has bulkiness and lightness that do not give any strange feeling. Products made from the hybrid wool of the present invention are expected to be in demand by people of all ages, as they produce high-quality, glossy, elastic, and sensitive fabrics, and are also expected to be in demand by people of all ages. It has special functions and effects not found in conventional silk blended wool products, such as not turning into felt even when mixed with wool, and having little shrinkage.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 shows the wool surface, Figure 2 shows the surface of the recycled fabric with extremely small grains, and Figures 3 and 4 show the surface of the fabric shown in Figure 2, treated under different processing conditions and air-dried. Reproductions of each micrograph are shown.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of cocoons are attached to obtain fine raw silk of 5 to 21 deniers, which is twisted and wrapped around a small frame, dried, and cut into short fibers. The sericin was fixed and crimped by treatment and immersion in a high-temperature formalin solution, and the fibers were formed so that the thickness, length, crimps, cracks, etc. of the fibers were as close as possible to the characteristics of the other fiber to be mixed. After that, it is mixed with wool, animal hair, and other fibers and spun to produce yarn for knitting and textiles.
Wool manufacturing method. 2 Twisted fine-grained raw silk of 5 to 21 deniers is dried and cut into approximately the same length as the other fibers to be blended, treated and immersed in a low concentration, high temperature formalin solution to fix the sericin, and then waving and winding. Hybrid wool yarn for knitting and textiles is made by creating cracks on the surface of shrunk sericin, mixing the raw silk with wool, animal hair, and other fibers and spinning them.