RU2180024C1 - Wool-containing yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textile industry. SUBSTANCE: yarn is made from mixture of woolen fiber (20 to 75%) and cottonized flaxen fiber, in particular cottonin with water absorption 12-25 g/g and fiber sinuosity 1-6 curls/cm. Yarn is characterized by 100-128 tex and twisting factor 31-34. Optionally, wool-containing yarn is made from mixture of the above-indicated woolen fiber and cottonin and, additionally, synthetic fiber at weight ratio 30-40/10- 40/30-50, respectively. Yarn is characterized by 66-84 tex and twisting factor 36-46. EFFECT: increased strength of yarn, increased productivity of spinning machinery, and speeded up process of preparing fibrous mixture for yarn formation. 7 cl, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the textile industry, namely to the production of blended wool-containing yarn. Under the conditions of the acute shortage of natural fibers in the world textile industry and the rising prices for them, the most important task in the textile industry is the use of various direct additives. In this regard, it is very promising for spinning mills to use as a spinning additives in the production of yarn along with synthetic and artificial fibers cotonized flax fiber, as well as its own technological waste and regenerated fiber obtained by razvolokanie textile waste sewing, spinning, weaving and knitting enterprises .

 However, mixtures containing waste of various types, have many short fibers and weedy impurities, are characterized by a high degree of unevenness in properties. So, cotonized flax fiber (cotonin) is more rigid and coarse than woolen and other fibers, therefore, yarn produced using an additive to wool of such cotonin does not have sufficiently high consumer properties. In addition, the spinning of such mixtures requires the use of special technological regimes and the improvement of spinning equipment.

 So, yarn is known, made from 70-90% of wool fiber (Cyghean wool, schlenka, tow, Spanish wool, goat fluff) and 10-30% of cotonin, while cotton was selected as a raw material for cotonization, which was first loosened and cleaned of fires and dust, and then cooked in a solution containing: caustic - 20% by weight of fiber and 3% contact, for 5 hours with very intensive pumping, then repeatedly washed, subjected to aging and dried, the yarn was made by twisting 22 torsions per 100 mm (Bulletin of flax and hemp business, Moscow, 1930, p. 70-72).

 Known yarn that contains 11-35% of flax fiber, 18-22% of wool fiber, 47-67% of synthetic fiber (KUKHAREV M.S. et al. Use of flax fiber in the textile industry, Textile industry, 1997, 3, p .14-17).

 Closest to the declared yarn is wool-containing yarn made from a mixture of woolen fiber and cotonized flax fiber (TARASOV V.P. et al. Production of flax-containing yarn and fabrics based on it. Textile Industry, 1998, 3, appendix, p.6-7 )

 Closest to the declared yarn (its variant) is wool-containing yarn made from a mixture of 65% wool fiber, 15% modified linen fiber and 20% nitron fiber (Zhivetin V.V. et al., MOVOLEN (modified linen fiber), Moscow, Russian Correspondence Institute of Textile and Light Industry, 2000, pp. 94-145).

 However, these yarns are not of high enough quality, namely low strength. This is due to the properties of the used modified flax fiber (cotonin). Existing methods for modifying flax fiber are reduced mainly to mechanical cleaning, thinning and shortening of technical fibers to the required sizes required for its use. At the same time, its chemical composition, physical and medical-hygienic characteristics are preserved. But flax fiber, cotonized in such a mechanical way, contains in its mass a large number of undeveloped fibers having a large thickness, rigidity and density, devoid of crimp, which means that it is less tenacious. Such cotonin creates local sections with increased rigidity in a twisted fiber sliver, which increases the breakage of the yarn in the process of its formation and reduces its strength. Therefore, with such cotonin it is possible to make yarn of only a narrow assortment in linear density and raw material composition. At the same time, flax raw materials that have undergone mechanical cotonization or alkaline cooking do not have a developed capillary-porous surface, which is why they are practically hydrophobic (water absorption does not exceed 2-4 g / g fiber), which means that it requires more exposure to the yarn after oiling , which reduces the manufacturability of the spinning process. In addition, the productivity of the spinning process is low. In addition, the productivity of the spinning equipment is low due to its frequent downtimes associated with windings, high breakage, the need for frequent cleanings and high twist.

 The objective of the invention is to search for components of the composition of wool-containing yarn with cotonin, which would have higher strength and the process of its manufacture would be more technological, namely, had a shorter duration and higher productivity of the spinning equipment.

The problem is solved by wool-containing yarn made from a mixture of wool fiber and cotonized flax fiber, which contains cotonin with water absorption of 12-25 g / g fiber and crimp 1-6 curls / cm as cotonized flax fiber in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Wool Fiber - 20-75
Cotonin - Up to 100
the linear density of the yarn is 100-128 tex, and its twist coefficient is 31-34. Moreover, as a wool fiber, the yarn can contain either restored wool, or pure-wool and / or half-woolen spin hair.

The problem can also be solved with wool-containing yarn made from a mixture of wool fiber, modified linen fiber and chemical fiber, which as a modified linen fiber contains cotonin with water absorption of 12-25 g / g fiber and with a crimp of 1-6 curls / cm in the following the ratio of components, wt.%:
Wool Fiber - 30-40
Cotonin - 10-40
Chemical fiber - 30-50
the linear density of the yarn is 66-84 tex, and its twist coefficient is 34-46.

 As a wool fiber, the yarn may contain restored wool or pure-wool and / or half-woolen straight hairs, and as a chemical fiber may contain synthetic fiber or fiber from regenerated cellulose.

 The inventions have the following advantages. The yarn has a higher strength both in the process of its formation and in the finished form, the productivity of the spinning equipment increases, because the uniformity and strength of the roving and yarn increases, the breakage in spinning decreases, the weight of the ears increases due to denser winding and, as a result, the amount of waste decreases.

 In the process of preparing the fibrous mixture for the formation of yarn, the aging stage can be eliminated, because Due to the developed porous structure of cotonin, a rapid absorption of the sizing agent occurs and its uniform distribution over the volume of the mixture. This, of course, speeds up the process of preparing the fibrous mixture for formation and allows you to free up production space.

As raw materials for the manufacture of yarn, you can use:
- cotonin having a water absorption of 12-25 g / g fiber and crimp 1-6 curls / cm;
- hardware wool, blended, merino wool of at least 56-58 quality, III length, I-II length, any condition, as well as their sorting;
- restored wool;
- pure-wool and half-woolen spinning garments (spinning waste of worsted and cloth production);
- viscose regular and high modulus;
- polyester fiber.

 The proposed yarn can be made by sequentially performing the following operations.

 Fibrous raw materials, depending on their quality and condition, are either processed by placing bales of cotonin at a rate with other fibrous components, or cotonin is introduced into the mixture by spreading multilayer (6-8 layers) fibrous component flooring uniformly on the mixture field (the total amount is considered for one layer components included in the mixture). Then, the resulting fiber board or component flooring is subjected to loosening, plucking and oiling. For this purpose, for example, an automatic feeder of the APM-120-Sh1 type, pinch-sizing machines of the 3-140Sh type, aggregated with a sizing device of the ZU-Sh2 type, can be used. Moreover, the primary loosening, mixing of the fiber is carried out at the time of selection of components or alternately from bales rates or when selecting the height and width of alternating layers of component flooring components.

 The pulp thus prepared is transported to a three-card combing machine, for example, CR-643 or CR-24 Befama (Poland). The resulting knitted roving is subjected to ring spinning. For the formation of yarn, ring spinning machines for woolen production, for example, PB-114-Sh, can be used. The yarn is formed with a twist coefficient of 31-34 for two-component yarn and 36-46 for three-component yarn. This allows you to get yarn from the specified raw materials with the required quality indicators with high stability of the spinning process.

 The table shows the quality indicators of yarn made from a mixture of fibers of various nature and the quantitative content of the components when changing the linear density and twist coefficient.

 Qualitative indicators of the declared yarn and the prototype yarn were determined identically. Strength was judged by the specific breaking load determined according to a known method (LUVISHIS L.A. BIRENBAUM, I. Technical control in weaving and finishing of woolen fabrics, Moscow. Light Industry, 1971, p. 48). The breakage of the yarn was determined by a known method (Handbook of wool spinning, Moscow, Light and food industry, 1983, p. 321).

Claims (7)

1. Wool-containing yarn made of a mixture of woolen fiber and cotonized flax fiber, characterized in that as cotonized flax fiber it contains cotonin with water absorption of 12-25 g / g fiber and with crimp 1-6 curls / cm in the following ratio of components, wt. %:
Wool Fiber - 20-75
Cotonin - Up to 100
while the linear density of the yarn is 100-128 tex, and its twist coefficient is 31-34.  2. The yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains restored wool as a wool fiber.  3. The yarn under item 1, characterized in that it as a wool fiber contains pure-wool and / or half-woolen spin hair. 4. Wool-containing yarn made from a mixture of wool fiber, modified linen fiber and chemical fiber, characterized in that it contains cotonin with a water absorption of 12-25 g / g fiber and with a tortuosity of 1-6 curls / cm as a modified linen fiber the ratio of components, wt. %:
Wool Fiber - 30-40
Cotonin - 10-40
Chemical fiber - 30-50
the linear density of the yarn is 66-84 tex, and its twist coefficient is 36-46.  5. The yarn according to claim 4, characterized in that it contains restored wool as a wool fiber or part thereof.  6. The yarn according to claim 4, characterized in that it contains pure-woolen and / or semi-woolen spinning outfits as a wool fiber or part thereof.  7. The yarn under item 4, characterized in that it as a chemical fiber contains a synthetic fiber or fiber from regenerated cellulose.

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