JPS601417B2 - Cotton-like polyester woven and knitted fabric and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a cotton-like polyester woven or knitted fabric having a cotton-like surface touch and high water absorption, and a method for producing the same.

In recent years, there has been a trend towards favoring the simple, natural taste of cotton. However, the texture and touch are so different from those of synthetic fibers that there is no way to compare them, so it has not been possible to come close to the characteristics using synthetic fibers. Furthermore, synthetic fibers are widely used as materials for clothing due to their excellent properties, but most of them are made of hydrophobic polymers and therefore have the disadvantage of poor water absorption.

In recent years, in order to solve the hydrophobicity of synthetic fibers, many studies have been conducted on the hydrophilicity of hydrophobic synthetic fibers. Methods such as kneading and applying a hydrophilic compound to the fiber surface have been proposed.

However, in any case, if we try to give a sufficient effect on hydrophilicity, the excellent performance that the original polymer had will be degraded, and durability will be poor, and when made into clothing as a woven or knitted fabric, the texture will change. In particular, it had various drawbacks such as a noticeable roughness and hardness to the touch. The object of the present invention is to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks of polyester fiber woven and knitted fabrics, and to provide a cotton-like polyester woven and knitted fabric that has a cotton-like excellent soft surface touch and excellent water absorbency.

That is, the present invention provides a false twisted composite yarn in which sheath yarns made of multifilament yarns are wound around a core yarn with a yarn length difference of 15% or more; The filament yarns are wound around the core yarn in a continuous inverted alternate twist in a substantially focused state, and the winding interface is at least partially fixed due to the fusion of the core yarn, while the remaining filament yarns are individually separated. , Moreover, it is wrapped in a crimped state. A cotton-like polyester woven or knitted fabric characterized in that the filament yarns constituting the sheath yarn and the core yarn, or either one of them, is composed of a composite three-layer structure yarn made of polyester fibers with high water absorbency, The woven or knitted fabric is false-twisted, and a thermoplastic synthetic fiber multifilament yarn, which is to become a sheath yarn, is placed around a certain thermoplastic synthetic fiber filament yarn, which is to become a core yarn, and which has a higher heat fusing temperature than the filament yarn, which is to become a sheath yarn. Winding under the feed and simultaneously fusing the filament yarn to become the core yarn, fixing at least a part of the filament yarn to become the sheath yarn that is in contact with the core yarn at the interface, and performing heat fixing; The filament yarns to be the core yarn and the sheath yarn, or either one of them, is treated with an alkaline solution and then knitted with a composite three-layer structure yarn using polyester hollow fibers containing a micropore-forming agent. , or by processing with an alkaline solution after weaving.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

The composite three-layer structure yarn used in the woven or knitted fabric of the present invention is a false twisted composite yarn in which a sheath yarn made of multifilament yarn is wound around a core yarn with a yarn length difference of 15% or more.

To explain the composite three-layer structure yarn using drawings, FIG. 1 is a model diagram of a typical yarn side structure of the composite three-layer structure yarn, and FIG. 2 is a model diagram of its yarn cross-sectional structure. The core yarn 1 is fused and has no elasticity, and the part 2 of the sheath yarn is at least partially fixed at the interface with the core yarn due to the fusion of the core yarn, and the S
The filament yarns 3 of the sheath yarn are individually separated and wound in a crimped state. It has a unique structure. On the other hand, FIG. 3 is a side view of a spun cotton yarn, which shows that the yarn has no elasticity and the core 4 is twisted, so the fibers are densely concentrated and stiff.

On the other hand, the surface area is covered with countless fine single-fiber fluffs 5, giving it a soft feel. Here, the fused core yarn 1 and part 2 of the sheath yarn of the composite three-layer structure yarn can be compared to the concentrated core part 4 of cotton yarn, and the wound single fiber 3 can be compared to the surface fuzz 5 of cotton yarn.

Such a composite three-layer structure yarn has a sheath yarn around the thermoplastic synthetic fiber filament yarn that is being false twisted, which has a higher heat-fusion temperature than the filament yarn and preferably has a thickness of less than The thermoplastic synthetic fiber multifilament yarn that is to be formed is wound under overfeed, and in this state, the filament yarn that essentially forms the core is fused, and at the same time, the filament yarn is fused to form a core yarn. This can be obtained by fixing and heat-setting at least a portion of the filament yarn that is to become the sheath yarn supporting the interface, and then winding both the core yarn and sheath yarn without separating them after untwisting. , In order to effectively exhibit the above characteristics, from the viewpoint of the appearance of the core-sheath structure, the gap between the core yarn and sheath yarn of the composite three-layer yarn is 15%.
A yarn length difference of 25% or more is necessary, and a more preferable texture and appearance can be obtained.

When the yarn length difference is 40 to 70%, a slight excess yarn length occurs and fine noils (thickness unevenness) are present, but it is preferable because it has a natural cotton appearance. However, when it exceeds 70%, there are clear neps and slabs, making it look fancy. The total binding degree of the sheath yarn and the total fineness of the core yarn have a suitable range from the viewpoint of the expression of the yarn structure and the texture.

If the proportion of the core yarn is too small, the sheath yarn in contact with the core yarn will not be properly fixed during processing, and an interfacial fixation layer will not be formed, resulting in a structure consisting only of the fused core yarn and the crimped yarn covering it, resulting in an undesirable structure. The texture effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the sheath yarn ratio is too low, almost all of the sheath yarn will stick to the core yarn, and there will be no crimp covering the surface layer, making it impossible to obtain a soft texture effect.
As a result of examining various types of core yarn and sheath yarn in combination, the total twill of the sheath yarn of the processed yarn was 0.7 to 0.7 to the total twill of the core yarn.
It has been found that a suitable texture can be obtained when the ratio is within the range of 1.4. Furthermore, regarding the core yarn and sheath yarn that constitute the composite three-layer structure yarn, in the present invention, micropores are formed in the filament yarn that is to become the core yarn and the sheath yarn, or either one of them. It uses polyester hollow fibers mixed with the agent. In the present invention, the hollowness ratio of the hollow fiber, that is, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the hollow portion to the total apparent cross-sectional area of the fiber, is preferably in the range of 5 to 50%.

If the hollowness ratio is less than 5%, the water absorption performance will decrease and the woven or knitted fabric which is the object of the present invention cannot be obtained. This is because if the hollowness ratio exceeds 50%, the hollow portion is likely to collapse, and once collapsed, the water absorption performance will decrease, which is not preferable. The shape of the hollow polyester fiber may be any shape as long as there is a continuous polymer layer in the direction of the fiber thread. Next, the polyetastel hollow fibers blended with the micropore-forming agent are treated with an alkaline solution, whereby part or all of the micropore-forming agent is dissolved and removed, and the hollow polyester fibers have micropores. is formed.

The micropores may be present only in a part of the cross section, but if possible, it is desirable for the micropores to be scattered throughout the entire cross section in order to improve water absorption. The micropores are arranged in the fiber axis direction, and at least some of the micropores pass through each other, resulting in the outer and inner walls of the hollow fiber communicating through the micropores as a whole. It is something that These micropores are scattered in the cross section of the fiber as described above, and whether or not at least one part of them fits into the hollow part is determined by measuring the cross section of the fiber.
It can be observed by magnifying it to about 0.00 tones.Furthermore, a simple and easy method to confirm the condition of micropores is to examine a single thread several centimeters in length (usually 5 arcs) using a normal microscope. While observing at a magnification comparable to the ION sound, water (preferably dyed water) is dropped into the middle of this single yarn, and the water reaches the hollow part, making it easy to observe. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a microscopic photograph of the surface morphology of polyester hollow fibers used in the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the micropores are arranged in the fiber axis direction, and the fibrils are It is preferable that the micropores have a form that does not cause the particles to change.

The size of the micropores is 0.01 to 3rm in diameter.
It is preferable that the length is 5 mm or less of the diameter.If the diameter of this fine particle is less than 0.01 mm, the water absorbing effect tends to decrease, and if the diameter is 3 mm or less, If it is too large, sufficient fiber strength cannot be obtained.

Furthermore, if the length of the micropores becomes longer than the diameter of 5M, even if all other conditions are satisfied, the fiber strength will decrease and fibrillation will occur, which is undesirable. In addition, as the micropore forming agent for obtaining micropores of the above type, modified polyester copolymerized with an organic sulfonic acid compound represented by the following general formula (1), phosphorus represented by the following general formula (b), etc. It is preferable to blend at least one kind of micropore-forming agent selected from the group consisting of compounds and sulfonic acid compounds represented by the general formula (m).

That is, as the micropore forming agent, a modified polyester obtained by copolymerizing an organic sulfonic acid compound represented by the following general formula (1) is preferably used.

In the formula, A is a trivalent aromatic group or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, with aromatic groups being particularly preferred.

MI is a metal or a hydrogen atom, and particularly preferably an alkali metal or an alkali metal. × is an ester-forming functional group, and its specific example is ← C ratio aOH, 1○ (CH2chi bf○ (C ratio ÷ b
(However, R is a lower alkyl group or a phenyl group, a and d are an integer of 1 or more, and b is an integer of 2 or more).

Y represents an ester-forming functional group or a hydrogen atom that is the same as or different from x, and is preferably an ester-forming functional group. Particularly preferred examples of such organic sulfonic acid compounds include sodium (or potassium) 3,5-di(carbomethoxy)benzenesulfonate;
Examples include sodium (or potassium) 1,8-di(carbomethoxy)naphthalene-3-sulfonate and sodium (or potassium) 2,5-bis(hydroxyethoxy)benzenesulfonate. In order to produce a modified polyester obtained by copolymerizing such an organic sulfonic acid compound, the organic sulfonic acid compound is added at any stage before the synthesis of the polyester described above is completed, preferably at any stage before the first stage reaction is completed. An acid compound may be added.
In this case, the amount of the organic sulfonic acid compound used is 2 to 2 to
An amount in the range of 16 mol% is preferred. The amount of the modified polyester to be blended with the polyester is preferably such that 5 to 10 parts by weight of the modified polyester are contained in 10 parts by weight of the polyester. In addition to the above-mentioned modified polyester, phosphorus compounds or sulfonic acid compounds represented by the following general formula (0) or (m) are also preferable as the micropore-forming agent.

where M is a metal, especially an alkali metal, an alkali IJ
Preferred metals, Mnl/2, Col/2 or Znl/2, especially Li, Na, K, Cal'2, Mg1
/2 is particularly preferred.

m is 0 or 1. V is a monovalent organic group, specifically an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group, an arylalkyl group, or f÷CH2 pR'' (where R'' is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or a phenyl group, 1 is an integer of 2 or more, p is an integer of 1 or more), etc. Z is -O
H, -OV', monoOM5 or a monovalent organic group, V'
is the same as the definition of V above, V' and V may be the same or different, M5 is the same as the definition of M2 above, and the sail and M2 may be the same or different. . Further, the monovalent organic group is the same as the definition of the organic group in V above, and may be the same as or different from V. Preferred specific examples of such phosphorus compounds include monomethyl disodium phosphate, dimethyl monosodium phosphate, monophenyl dipotassium phosphate, monomethyl monomagnesium phosphate, monomethyl manganese phosphate, and monomethyl monosodium phosphate. Lioxyethylene (E05 mole addition) Lauryl ether phosphate potassium salt (E05 mole addition means addition of 5 moles of ethylene oxide, hereinafter the same meaning), polyoxyethylene (E05 mole addition) Lauryl ether phosphate magnesium salt, polyoxyethylene (E050 mole addition) methyl ether phosphate sodium salt, monoethyl dipotassium phosphite, diphenyl monosodium phosphite, polyoxyethylene (E0
Examples include disodium methyl ether phosphite (addition of 50 moles), monomethyl monosodium phenylphosphonate, monopotassium monomethyl nonylbenzenephosphonate, monosodium monomethyl phenylphosphinate, and the like.

In the formula, M3 and M4 are metals, and M3 is particularly an alkali metal, an alkali metal, Mnl/2, Col/
2 or Znl'2 is preferred, especially Li, Na, K
, Cal/2, Mg1/2 are particularly preferred, and M4 is particularly preferably an alkali metal or an alkali metal.
Among them, Li, Na, K, Cal/2, and Mg1/2 are particularly preferred, and M3 and M4 may be the same or different.

n is 1 or 2. W is a hydrogen atom or an ester-forming functional group, and the ester-forming functional group is 1COO
R″ (where R is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group) or 1C0f○÷CH2)1tepO
H (where 1 is an integer of 2 or more, p is an integer of 1 or more), etc. are preferred. Preferred specific examples of such sulfonic acid compounds include sodium 3-carbomethoxybenzenesulfonate-5-sodium carboxylate, sodium 3-carbomethoxybenzenesulfonate-5-potassium carboxylate, and potassium 3-carbomethoxybenzenesulfonate-5-carboxylate. -Potassium carboxylate, Sodium 6-hydroxyethoxycarbonyl benzenesulfonate -Sodium 5-carboxylate, Sodium 3-carpoxybenzenesulfonate -Sodium 5-carboxylate, Sodium 3-hydroxyethoxycarbonyl benzenesulfonate-5
-Mg1/2 carboxylate, Na-3 benzenesulfonate
, 5-dicarboxylic acid Na-3, benzenesulfonic acid Na-3
, 5-dicarboxylic acid Mg1/2, and the like. The blending amount of the above phosphorus compound or sulfonic acid compound is 0.3 to 0.3 to the brewing component constituting the polyester to be added.
A range of 15 mol% is suitable, and a range of 0.5 to 5 mol% is preferred.

At least a portion of the micropore-forming agent is extracted and removed by treatment with an alkaline solution, but this treatment is performed before weaving (i.e., at the yarn stage).
Alternatively, it can be processed after weaving.

The polyester woven or knitted fabric thus obtained has polyester hollow fibers with micropores distributed in the core yarn and/or the sheath yarn of the yarns constituting the woven or knitted fabric, so it is difficult to wear. Sometimes the polyester hollow fibers absorb sweat quickly.

Furthermore, in addition to its high water absorbency, the woven or knitted fabric according to the present invention is characterized by its composite three-layer structure, which makes it possible to express a cotton-like texture. This cotton-like texture is achieved not only by the crimping of the fibers as in the past, but also by the partially fused core yarn and some of the sheath yarns that gather around it and wrap around it in a lacquer-like pattern. It expresses the hardness of the concentrated core of wire yarn, while the soft fluffy texture of cotton yarn is expressed by the part of the sheath yarn that is individually separated and wrapped around the core yarn in a crimped state. Because of this, it has a cotton-like soft surface touch, rather than the rough and hard touch of conventional false twisted crimped yarns. Generally, due to twisting of cotton yarn, flexible fuzz is densely packed on the surface of the hard and concentrated core, but the composite three-layer structure yarn used in the present invention has a yarn length difference of 15% between the core yarn and the sheath yarn. The above is the result of the core yarn fused in this state and a portion of the sheath yarn that is converged and wrapped around the core yarn in a continuous inverted alternate twist pattern to express the hardness similar to the bundled core of cotton yarn. On the other hand, it is possible to express the soft fluffy texture of cotton yarn by using a part of the sheath yarn that is individually separated and wrapped around the core yarn in a crimped state. It is very similar to yarn, and the texture, feel, and appearance of woven or knitted fabrics are also very similar. Moreover, although it appears to have an unstable structure at first glance, it has a stable state in which the core yarn and sheath yarn do not separate even when a considerable amount of tension is applied. Furthermore, by using polyester hollow fibers with high water absorbency for the core yarn, sheath yarn, or either filament yarn, the water absorption performance is not only significantly improved compared to conventional synthetic fiber woven or knitted fabrics. The surface touch becomes cotton-like due to the water-absorbing fibers, and has the effect of making the cotton-like texture even more like that of the woven or knitted fabric made of yarn having the above-mentioned structure.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a cotton-like polyester woven or knitted fabric with excellent water absorption and a soft surface touch.

Examples will be explained below.

Example 1 Highly oriented undrawn yarn of modified polyester containing Na 3-carbomethoxybenzenesulfonate and Na 5-carboxylate 11e/36f (spinning speed 3200/mh) was used as a core yarn and fused. Processing temperature 23800, number of false twists 2400 T/m, processing speed 100 m/m using the same modified polyester filament drawn yarn 7 matrix e48fjl at a temperature of 25000 (the temperature at which fused untwisted yarn begins to occur when false twisting is performed alone) as a sheath yarn. min, overfeed rate of wrapped yarn 8
0%, and the false twist stretching ratio was 1.3 times.

The obtained composite processed yarn is a three-layer structured yarn with a typical structure as shown in Figures 1 and 2, and the yarn foot difference is 38.5.
%, and the elongation of the yarn was 32%.

The thus obtained composite three-layer structured yarn has a warp density of 28 threads/
Plain fabric is woven using a plain weave standard with a silk density of 25 threads/arc.
After scouring and relaxing with a spreading continuous relaxing machine (9600, 12 minutes), overfeeding and presetting under the conditions of 1700049, alkaline solution (9
A 15% weight loss treatment was carried out at an alkali concentration of 20 mm/30 minutes in the bath. For comparison, a plain woven polyester fabric subjected to a conventional alkali weight loss treatment was prepared and compared with this, as shown in Table 1. - As is clear from Table 1, the fabric according to the present invention has a faster water absorption rate and higher water absorption rate than the conventional polyester fabric.

Further, as is clear from Table 1, the fabric of the present invention has a small variation in friction coefficient, a small bending rigidity, and a large compression work and compression resilience.

Therefore, it has a smooth surface, is soft and has high bending elasticity, and is also soft and has high compressive elasticity when compressed, and therefore has excellent cotton-like softness.

Here, the water absorption rate and water absorption rate are based on the following test method.

o Water absorption rate test method (according to JIS-LIO18) Test cloth (sample)
．． 30 at 4000 in a household electric washing machine with a 3% aqueous solution
Wash the sample for 1 minute, then dry the sample horizontally and pour 1 drop of water (0.
04cc) and measure the time until the water is completely absorbed by the sample and no reflected light is observed. oWater Absorption Measuring Method A sample obtained by drying a fabric is soaked in water for 30 minutes or more, and then dehydrated for 5 minutes in a dehydrator of a household electric washing machine.

It was calculated from the weight of the dry sample and the weight of the sample after dehydration using the following formula. Water absorption rate = sample weight after dehydration - dry sample weight.

)Dry sample weight

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a side view showing a model of the composite three-layer structure yarn used in the present invention, Figure 2 is a sectional view showing the cross-sectional structure of the yarn in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a model of a spun cotton yarn. side view shown,
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a microscopic photograph of the surface morphology of the polyester hollow fiber used in the present invention. 1...core thread, 2,3...sheath thread. Hair 'Figure Hair 2 Figures 2 Figures 4 Figures

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A false twisted composite yarn in which sheath yarns made of multifilament yarns are wound around a core yarn with a yarn length difference of 15% or more, and the total fineness of the sheath yarns is within the range of 0 for the total fineness of the core yarn.
7 to 1.4, a part of the filament yarn constituting the sheath yarn is wound around the core yarn in a continuous inverted alternate twist in a substantially bundled state, and the winding interface is formed by fusing of the core yarn. is at least partially fixed, while the remaining filament yarns are individually separated and wound in a crimped state, and the filament yarns constituting the core yarn and/or sheath yarn are From a composite three-layer structure yarn made of polyester fiber that has a hollow part with a hollow ratio of 5 to 50% and has micropores that at least partially communicate with the hollow part, thereby increasing water absorption. A cotton-like polyester woven or knitted fabric characterized by the following properties: 2. The woven or knitted fabric according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of mutually independent substantially converging portions are present within the sheath yarn. 3. The woven or knitted fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the crimped filament of the sheath yarn is continuously reversed in the SZ direction. 4 Hollow fibers having micropores made of sheath polyester fibers, the micropores scattered in the cross section of the hollow fibers and arranged in the fiber axis direction have a diameter of 0.01 to 3 μm
Claim 1, which is a polyester fiber whose length is 50 times or less the diameter and whose water absorbency is increased by having at least a part of the fiber communicating with the hollow part.
The woven or knitted fabric according to item 2 or 3. 5 A hollow fiber whose core yarn is made of polyester fiber and has micropores, and the micropores are scattered in the cross section of the hollow fiber and arranged in the fiber axis direction, and the diameter of the micropores is 0.01 to 3 μm, and the length thereof is Claims 1, 2, and 3 are polyester fibers with a diameter of 50 times or less than the diameter, and at least a portion of which communicates with the hollow portion to increase water absorption. ,
Or the woven or knitted fabric according to item 4. 6. Wrap a multi-filament yarn, which is to become a sheath yarn, which has a higher heat-fusion temperature than the filament yarn, under the overfeed, around the filament yarn which is to become a core yarn, which is being false-twisted, and at the same time By fusing the filament yarns that are to become the sheath yarn, at least a part of the multifilament yarn that is to become the sheath yarn that is in contact with the core yarn at the interface is fixed and heat-fixed, and A composite three-layer structure yarn formed using polyester hollow fibers containing a micropore-forming agent in the filament yarn or one of them is treated with an alkaline solution and then woven or knitted. A method for producing a cotton-like polyester woven or knitted material, which comprises treating with an alkaline solution. 7 The micropore forming agent is a modified polyester copolymerized with an organic sulfonic acid compound represented by the following general formula (I), a phosphorus compound represented by the following general formula (II), and a sulfone represented by the following general formula (III). 7. The method according to claim 6, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of acid compounds. ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ [In the formula, A is a trivalent aromatic group or aliphatic hydrocarbon group, X is an ester-forming functional group, Y is an ester-forming functional group or a hydrogen atom, M^
1 represents a metal or a hydrogen atom. ]▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ [In the formula, V is a monovalent organic group, Z is -OV', OM^5
or a monovalent organic group (V' is a monovalent organic group, M^5 is a metal) M^2 is a metal, and m is 0 or 1. ]▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ [In the formula, W is a hydrogen atom or an ester-forming functional group, M^3 and M^4 are metals, and n is 1 or 2. ]