JPH0352962Y2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0352962Y2 JPH0352962Y2 JP1984166338U JP16633884U JPH0352962Y2 JP H0352962 Y2 JPH0352962 Y2 JP H0352962Y2 JP 1984166338 U JP1984166338 U JP 1984166338U JP 16633884 U JP16633884 U JP 16633884U JP H0352962 Y2 JPH0352962 Y2 JP H0352962Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- rotating shaft
- ceramic
- rotating body
- connecting portion
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- -1 etc. Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001293 incoloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000833 kovar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000894433 Turbo <genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052575 non-oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011225 non-oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Description
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本考案は、セラミツクより成る回転体を備えた
内燃機関などに搭載する排気ターボチヤージヤー
（以下、単にターボと称す）を構成するセラミツ
クターボロータに関するものである。
〔従来の技術〕
自動車用エンジンをはじめ各種用途に用いられ
る内燃機関には排ガスの有するエネルギーを利用
し、出力の向上や燃料消費量の低減を図るべくタ
ーボを装備したものが多く用いられるようになつ
てきた。このようなターボでは熱効率を高めるた
め、できる限り高い温度の排ガスを導入すること
が有効である。このため金属材にくらべ耐熱性に
優れ、比重が小さいセラミツク材、とりわけ窒化
珪素、サイアロン、炭化珪素などの焼結体でター
ボ用の回転体を構成することが多く提案されてい
る。このようなターボにおける高温度の排ガスに
直接さらされるブレードおよび該ブレードを保持
したり、あるいはブレードが一体形成されたセラ
ミツク製回転体にて発生した回転力をコンプレツ
サー等の被回転体に伝達する回転軸も、被回転体
等との連結性、支軸性などの関係から回転体と回
転軸をセラミツク材で一体的に成形することが考
えられる。しかしこの成形性に問題があり、また
焼成に際し変形したり、焼成後の研削、研磨加工
等がむずかしいことから、かかる回転体と回転軸
を一体成形したセラミツクターボロータの実用化
は極めて困難である。そこで、回転体をセラミツ
ク材で形成し、該回転体に金属製の回転軸を連結
することによりターボロータを構成することが考
えられている。
〔考案が解決しようとする問題点〕
例えば、セラミツク製回転体にコバール、イン
バー、アンバーまたは鉄−ニツケル合金などの低
熱膨張率の金属製回転軸をロウ付け、焼嵌めなど
により接合する場合、1000℃程度の高温時には、
常温時に比べてやや接合強度が低下するが、それ
でも回転トルクに対しては十分な接合強度であつ
た。
ところが、これらの低熱膨張率金属は機械的強
度が小さいため、高温、高速回転時に発生する高
応力や振動によつて、回転軸連結部のセラミツク
製回転体側端部が変形しやすく、その結果、バラ
ンスが悪くなつて高速回転中のセラミツク製回転
体が破損したり、あるいは接合強度が大きく低下
してセラミツク製回転体が離脱してしまい、非常
に危険があるだけでなく、長時間の連続使用がで
きないという問題点があつた。
〔問題点を解決するための手段〕
本考案は、上記のような在来のターボロータの
欠点に鑑みて、セラミツク製回転体に連結した金
属製回転軸連結部の、特に高温度にさらされる外
周部または高温域で、かつ高速回転に基づく、高
い応力が集中する部分の外周部に、金属製回転軸
連結部より大きな強度をもつた金属リングをロウ
付けまたは焼ばめ等により嵌着しておくことによ
つて高温疲労に耐え、セラミツク製回転体と金属
製回転軸連結部との接合強度を安定維持し、セラ
ミツク製回転体の破損を防止して、信頼性の高い
セラミツクターボロータをもたらさんとするもの
である。
なお、上記金属リングは、金属製回転軸連結部
と比べて、すべての面からみて強度の大きいもの
を用いるが、特に600〜700℃の高温においても引
張強度の大きいものを用いる。
〔作用〕
セラミツク製回転体に連結する金属製回転軸に
用いられるコバール、インバー、アンバー、鉄−
ニツケル合金等の1.3〜5.5×10-6／℃の低い熱膨
張率を有する連結部の高温度にさらされる外周部
または高い応力が生じる外周部に、４〜16×
10-6／℃の比較的低い熱膨張率を有する第１表に
示したサーメツト、超硬、モリブテン、タングス
テン、インコロイ等から成る高強度の金属リング
を嵌着する。その結果、上記回転軸連結部の周囲
には強度の大きな金属リングが嵌着されているこ
とから、高温、高速回転時に発生する高応力や振
動に対して、回転軸連結部のセラミツク製回転体
側端部の変形をなくし、バランスを保つととも
に、接合強度を安定維持できるため、セラミツク
製回転体の破損や離脱を防止することができる。
なお、上記金属リングは回転軸連結部に比べて
やや熱膨張率の大きなものであるが、高温時の熱
膨張差は微小であり、回転軸連結部の変形を防止
するには十分である。
また、セラミツク製回転体は、低熱膨張率金属
からなる回転軸連結部と直接接合しているため、
高温時でも両者の熱膨張差は小さく、回転トルク
に対しては十分な接合強度を保つている。
〔実施例〕
以下、本考案を実施例によつて具体的に詳述す
る。
図において１はセラミツクターボロータを示
し、２はセラミツク製回転体で、この回転体２の
一端の軸中心部には突出部２ａが一体成形してあ
る。また３は回転軸で、その一端に形成した凹部
を有する回転軸連結部４には上記回転体２の突出
部２ａが嵌着される。この場合、回転軸連結部４
のセラミツク製回転体側端部には丸味部４ａが形
成され、これら回転体２と回転軸連結部４とはロ
ウ付、焼ばめなどの手段によつて接合され連結さ
れる。また回転軸連結部４には高温度にさらされ
る部分または高応力を生じる部分である端部外周
には高強度の金属リング５が嵌入し、装着してあ
る。なお、上記金属リング５は、あらかじめ回転
軸連結部４の所定位置に、焼嵌め、ロウ付け等に
よつて装着しておき、その後セラミツク製回転体
２を回転軸連結部４に接合するようになつてい
る。
ところで、回転体２を成すセラミツク材として
は、耐熱性、耐熱衝撃性、機械的強度の大きい非
酸化物系セラミツクである窒化珪素、サイアロ
ン、炭化珪素などが適している。また回転軸連結
部４を成す金属材としては、熱膨張率の小さいコ
バール、インバー、アンバー、鉄−ニツケル合金
等が用いられ、高温部または高い応力が集中する
部位である回転軸連結部４の外周に接合される高
強度の金属リング５としてはサーメツト、超硬、
インコロイ、モリブテン、タングステンもしくは
これらを主成分とする合金が作られている。一
方、回転軸３は全長にわたつてコバール、インバ
ー、アンバー、鉄−ニツケル合金等で構成しても
よいが、これらは高価であるばかりでなく耐摩耗
性が小さい金属であることから、セラミツク製回
転体２と接合する回転体連結部４を除き他の回転
軸３の部分は機械構造用炭素鋼などでもつて構成
してもよい。なおこの場合、炭素鋼などより成る
回転軸３と回転軸連結部４とは電子ビーム溶接
法、圧接法等によつて接合部Ｓで接ぎ合せるとよ
い。さらにターボロータ１を成すこれらセラミツ
ク材及び金属材の物性は第１表の通りである。
次に本案に係るターボロータの実施例におい
て、
[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a ceramic turbo rotor constituting an exhaust turbo charger (hereinafter simply referred to as a turbo) installed in an internal combustion engine or the like having a rotating body made of ceramic. [Prior Art] Internal combustion engines used in various applications, including automobile engines, are now often equipped with turbos to utilize the energy contained in exhaust gases and improve output and reduce fuel consumption. I'm getting old. In order to increase thermal efficiency in such a turbo, it is effective to introduce exhaust gas at the highest possible temperature. For this reason, many proposals have been made to construct a rotating body for a turbo using a ceramic material that has superior heat resistance and low specific gravity compared to metal materials, particularly sintered bodies such as silicon nitride, sialon, and silicon carbide. In such a turbo, the blades are directly exposed to high-temperature exhaust gas, and the rotation that holds the blades or transmits the rotational force generated by the ceramic rotating body integrally formed with the blades to a rotated body such as a compressor. Regarding the shaft, it is conceivable that the rotating body and the rotating shaft be integrally molded from a ceramic material in view of connectivity with the rotated body, etc., supportability, etc. However, there are problems with this formability, and it is also difficult to deform during firing, and grinding and polishing after firing is difficult, so it is extremely difficult to put into practical use a ceramic rotor in which the rotating body and rotating shaft are integrally molded. . Therefore, it has been considered to construct a turbo rotor by forming a rotating body from a ceramic material and connecting a metal rotating shaft to the rotating body. [Problems to be solved by the invention] For example, when joining a rotating shaft made of a metal with a low thermal expansion coefficient such as Kovar, Invar, Amber, or iron-nickel alloy to a ceramic rotating body by brazing, shrink fitting, etc., 1000 At high temperatures around ℃,
Although the bonding strength was slightly lower than that at room temperature, the bonding strength was still sufficient to withstand rotational torque. However, since these low thermal expansion coefficient metals have low mechanical strength, the end of the rotating shaft connection part on the ceramic rotating body side easily deforms due to the high stress and vibration that occur during high temperature and high speed rotation, and as a result, If the balance becomes poor, the ceramic rotating body may break during high-speed rotation, or the joint strength may decrease significantly and the ceramic rotating body may come off, which is not only extremely dangerous, but also prevents continuous use for long periods of time. There was a problem that it was not possible. [Means for Solving the Problems] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of conventional turbo rotors, the present invention has been developed to solve the problem of the metal rotating shaft connection part connected to the ceramic rotating body, which is exposed to particularly high temperatures. A metal ring that has greater strength than the metal rotating shaft connection part is fitted by brazing or shrink fitting on the outer periphery or on the outer periphery of the part where high stress is concentrated due to high speed rotation in a high temperature range. By keeping the ceramic rotor in place, it can withstand high-temperature fatigue, maintain stable bonding strength between the ceramic rotor and the metal rotary shaft connection, and prevent damage to the ceramic rotor, resulting in a highly reliable ceramic rotor. This is what we are trying to bring about. It should be noted that the above-mentioned metal ring should have a higher strength in all respects than the metal rotating shaft connection part, and should have a particularly high tensile strength even at high temperatures of 600 to 700°C. [Function] Kovar, Invar, Umber, and Iron used in the metal rotating shaft connected to the ceramic rotating body.
The outer periphery of the connecting part, which has a low coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.3 to 5.5 x 10 -6 /℃ such as nickel alloy, is exposed to high temperatures or the outer periphery where high stress occurs.
A high-strength metal ring made of cermet, carbide, molybdenum, tungsten, Incoloy, etc. shown in Table 1 and having a relatively low coefficient of thermal expansion of 10 -6 /°C is fitted. As a result, since a strong metal ring is fitted around the rotating shaft connecting part, the ceramic rotating body side of the rotating shaft connecting part can withstand high stress and vibrations that occur during high temperature and high speed rotation. This eliminates deformation of the end portion, maintains balance, and maintains stable bonding strength, making it possible to prevent damage and separation of the ceramic rotating body. Although the metal ring has a slightly larger coefficient of thermal expansion than the rotating shaft connecting portion, the difference in thermal expansion at high temperatures is minute and is sufficient to prevent deformation of the rotating shaft connecting portion. In addition, since the ceramic rotating body is directly connected to the rotating shaft connection part made of a metal with a low coefficient of thermal expansion,
Even at high temperatures, the difference in thermal expansion between the two is small, maintaining sufficient joint strength against rotational torque. [Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained in detail with reference to Examples. In the figure, reference numeral 1 indicates a ceramic rotor, and reference numeral 2 indicates a ceramic rotating body, and a protruding portion 2a is integrally molded at the center of the axis of one end of the rotating body. Reference numeral 3 denotes a rotating shaft, and the protruding portion 2a of the rotating body 2 is fitted into a rotating shaft connecting portion 4 having a recess formed at one end thereof. In this case, the rotating shaft connecting portion 4
A rounded portion 4a is formed at the end of the ceramic rotating body side, and the rotating body 2 and the rotating shaft connecting portion 4 are joined and connected by means such as brazing or shrink fitting. Further, a high-strength metal ring 5 is fitted and attached to the outer periphery of the end portion of the rotary shaft connecting portion 4, which is a portion exposed to high temperature or a portion generating high stress. Note that the metal ring 5 is attached in advance to a predetermined position of the rotating shaft connecting portion 4 by shrink fitting, brazing, etc., and then the ceramic rotating body 2 is joined to the rotating shaft connecting portion 4. It's summery. Incidentally, as the ceramic material constituting the rotating body 2, non-oxide ceramics such as silicon nitride, sialon, and silicon carbide, which have high heat resistance, thermal shock resistance, and mechanical strength, are suitable. In addition, as the metal material forming the rotating shaft connecting portion 4, Kovar, Invar, Amber, iron-nickel alloy, etc., which have a small coefficient of thermal expansion, are used. The high-strength metal ring 5 bonded to the outer periphery may be made of cermet, carbide,
Incoloy, molybdenum, tungsten, or alloys based on these are made. On the other hand, the rotating shaft 3 may be made of Kovar, Invar, Amber, iron-nickel alloy, etc. over its entire length, but since these metals are not only expensive but also have low wear resistance, it may be made of ceramic. The other parts of the rotating shaft 3 except for the rotating body connecting part 4 that joins with the rotating body 2 may be made of carbon steel for mechanical structures or the like. In this case, it is preferable that the rotating shaft 3 made of carbon steel or the like and the rotating shaft connecting portion 4 be joined at the joint S by electron beam welding, pressure welding, or the like. Further, the physical properties of these ceramic materials and metal materials forming the turbo rotor 1 are shown in Table 1. Next, in an embodiment of the turbo rotor according to the present invention,
【表】【table】
叙上のように本考案によれば、高速回転するセ
ラミツク製回転体を連結した回転軸連結部の外周
に、高強度の金属リングを装着したことによつ
て、高温、高速回転時における、回転軸連結部の
変形をなくし、バランスを保つとともに、十分な
接合強度を安定維持できることから、セラミツク
製回転体の破損や離脱を防止でき、信頼性の高い
セラミツクターボロータを提供することができ
る。
As mentioned above, according to the present invention, a high-strength metal ring is attached to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft connection part connecting the ceramic rotating bodies that rotate at high speed. Since deformation of the shaft connection part is eliminated, balance is maintained, and sufficient bonding strength can be stably maintained, breakage and detachment of the ceramic rotating body can be prevented, and a highly reliable ceramic rotor can be provided.
図は本案実施例によるセラミツクターボロータ
の縦断面図である。
１……セラミツクターボロータ、２……セラミ
ツク製回転体、２ａ……突出部、３……回転軸、
４……回転軸連結部、４ａ……丸味部、５……金
属リング、Ｓ……接合部。
The figure is a longitudinal sectional view of a ceramic rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Ceramic turbo rotor, 2... Ceramic rotating body, 2a... Projection, 3... Rotating shaft,
4... Rotating shaft connection part, 4a... Rounded part, 5... Metal ring, S... Joint part.
Claims (1)
に一体的に形成した突出部を、回転軸の端部に形
成した低熱膨張金属からなる回転軸連結部の凹部
中に嵌入するとともに、上記回転軸連結部のセラ
ミツク製回転体側端部の外周に、サーメツト、超
硬、インコロイ、モリブデン、タングステンなど
の単体もしくはこれらの合金からなり、前記回転
軸連結部よりも強度の大きい金属リングを嵌着し
たことを特徴とするセラミツクターボロータ。 A protrusion formed integrally at the center of a ceramic rotating body equipped with a blade is fitted into a recess of a rotating shaft connecting portion made of a low thermal expansion metal formed at the end of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft connecting portion A metal ring made of cermet, carbide, Incoloy, molybdenum, tungsten, etc., or an alloy thereof, and having a stronger strength than the rotating shaft connection part, is fitted onto the outer periphery of the ceramic rotating body side end of the part. Features a ceramic rotor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1984166338U JPH0352962Y2 (en) | 1984-10-31 | 1984-10-31 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1984166338U JPH0352962Y2 (en) | 1984-10-31 | 1984-10-31 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6180301U JPS6180301U (en) | 1986-05-28 |
| JPH0352962Y2 true JPH0352962Y2 (en) | 1991-11-19 |
Family
ID=30724160
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1984166338U Expired JPH0352962Y2 (en) | 1984-10-31 | 1984-10-31 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0352962Y2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2516355B2 (en) * | 1987-02-27 | 1996-07-24 | クラリオン株式会社 | Tuning control voltage generator |
| JPH0744722Y2 (en) * | 1987-03-30 | 1995-10-11 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Coupling shaft structure of ceramic turbine rotor and metal shaft |
| JP2569335B2 (en) * | 1987-06-06 | 1997-01-08 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Method for manufacturing superconducting wire |
| JP4998023B2 (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2012-08-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Shrink fit fastening structure of gas turbine |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6139403B2 (en) * | 1977-07-18 | 1986-09-03 | Shizuko Ishiwaki |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6139403U (en) * | 1984-08-16 | 1986-03-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Shaft support structure of turbine wheel for turbocharger |
-
1984
- 1984-10-31 JP JP1984166338U patent/JPH0352962Y2/ja not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6139403B2 (en) * | 1977-07-18 | 1986-09-03 | Shizuko Ishiwaki |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6180301U (en) | 1986-05-28 |
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