JPH03158665A - Absorption cold/hot water apparatus and operation thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To effectively use quantity of heat to be radiated to cooling water in an absorber for room heating if room cooling load is reduced by separating to a room heating cycle mainly having a high temperature generator, a hot water heat exchanger and a room cooling cycle mainly having an evaporator, and absorber. CONSTITUTION:A refrigerating cycle refrigerant route and a hot water cycle refrigerant route are provided as a refrigerant rout. If reduction in refrigerating load is sensed by a refrigerant load sensor 31, a cycle separating mechanism S is operated to separate a cold/hot water device into a room cooling cycle and a room heating cycle. The mechanism S has valves 39, 43 in a refrigerant vapor line for coupling a high temperature generator GH to a low temperature generator GL, and solution inlet and outlet valves 51, 52 of the generator GH. The room cooling uses concentration of solution to be circulated through an absorber A, a low temperature heat exchanger XL, a low temperature generator GL to absorb refrigerant from an evaporator E. Room cooling capacity control is regulated by regulating solution spraying amount (regulating bypass amount of a bypass passage having conduits 34, 35 and a valve 50) to balance a load with the capacity.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an absorption chiller/hot water apparatus, and more particularly to an absorption chiller/hot water apparatus having a mechanism that can be separated into a cooling cycle and a heating cycle, and a method of operating the same.

[Conventional technology]

BACKGROUND ART Absorption chiller/hot water apparatuses that produce hot water and cold water at the same time are conventionally known and are described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 38387/1987.

According to such a device, when the cooling load is smaller than the heating load, the refrigerant condensed in the hot water heater is brought to the condenser-evaporator side, thereby concentrating the solution especially in the low temperature generator. Even without it, the cooling capacity can be covered. In this case, the cooling capacity can be controlled by adjusting the amount of refrigerant brought to the condenser-evaporator side.

If the cooling capacity is insufficient, the cooling capacity control valve of the refrigerant vapor line may be opened to perform solution concentration and refrigerant separation using the low temperature generator.

When the refrigeration load becomes very low, the solution bypass valve is opened to reduce the absorption capacity and balance the load and capacity (demand and supply values).

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

By the way, in an absorber, an absorption solution absorbs refrigerant vapor from an evaporator, but the solution cannot absorb refrigerant vapor unless its temperature is lowered by cooling with cooling water. As the cooling load becomes smaller, the amount of heat used to cool the solution returned from the generator via the solution heat exchanger becomes larger than the amount of heat absorbed during refrigerant absorption.

However, the heat that cools the solution that returns from the generator via the solution heat exchanger to a temperature that allows absorption of the refrigerant is simply wasted into the cooling water, which is ineffective energy.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a set of absorption cold/hot water bags and a method of operating the same, which can effectively utilize such useless energy for heating without wasting it in cooling water.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an absorption chiller/heater that can take out cold water and hot water at the same time, a cooling load detector, and a cycle that separates the chiller/heater into a cooling cycle section and a heating cycle section. A separation mechanism, and a control mechanism for activating the cycle separation mechanism in response to a detection signal from the cooling load detector. and a control mechanism for operating a cycle separation mechanism based on a detection signal from the cooling load detector and a cycle concentration detection signal from the concentration detector.

In addition, in order to achieve the other objects mentioned above, the present invention provides an absorption chiller/heater that can take out cold water and hot water at the same time, a cooling load detector, and a cooling cycle section and a heating cycle section of the chiller/heater. A cycle separation mechanism is provided to separate the
When the cooling load detector detects a load below a predetermined level, a cycle separation mechanism is activated to separate the chiller/heater into a cooling cycle and a heating cycle, and when an increase in load is detected, the cycle separation mechanism is activated to combine the cycles. This is a method of operating an absorption chiller/heater, and in the above operating method, the absorption chiller/heater is equipped with a cooling load detector and a concentration detector, and the chiller/heater is equipped with a cooling cycle section and a heating cycle section. If the cooling load detector detects a load below a predetermined value and the concentration of the cycle is less than a predetermined value, the solution is concentrated to a predetermined value, and when the concentration of the cycle is equal to or higher than the predetermined value. If so, we decided to operate the cycle separation mechanism and separate the chiller/heater into the cooling cycle section and the heating cycle section, and furthermore, install a circulation rate control mechanism in the absorption chiller/heater. If the C1 cooling load detector detects a predetermined load or less and the cycle concentration is less than the predetermined value, the solution is concentrated to the predetermined value, and if the cycle concentration is greater than the predetermined value and less than the crystal judgment set value, then If the cycle concentration is above a predetermined value and above the crystal judgment set value, the solution circulation amount is increased, the cycle separation device is activated, and the water chiller/heater is separated into a cooling cycle section and a heating cycle section. .

[Effect]

In the present invention, after the cooling load becomes small, a heating cycle mainly consisting of a high temperature generator and a hot water heat exchanger,
Separated into a cooling system mainly consisting of an evaporator and an absorber,
The heat from the high temperature generator side is prevented from reaching the absorber side, and the cooling load is covered by the concentrated energy (thermal storage energy) of the solution on the absorber side. This eliminates the wasteful energy that would be wasted into the cooling water using an absorber.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Example 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic process diagram showing an absorption cold/hot water apparatus of the present invention. In FIG. 1, absorber A1 evaporation 'A'ri
F+, high temperature generator GH1 low temperature generator GL, V compressor C1 hot water heater W1 high temperature heat exchanger XH.

A low temperature heat exchanger XL is installed. The solution path includes solution pump PS, pipe line 1. 2. 3.4゜5.6,7
．． 8, 9, and 10.11 connect some of the above-mentioned devices to form a solution circulation path. The refrigerant path includes a refrigeration cycle system refrigerant path and a hot water cycle system refrigerant path. The refrigeration cycle system refrigerant path is pipe 12
゜13, valve 43, heater 14, pipe 15 to condenser C, low temperature generator system refrigerant path leading to evaporator E via pipes 17 and 16, and evaporation from the solution in low temperature generator GL. A condenser system refrigerant path that condenses in the condenser C and reaches the evaporator E via pipes 17 and 16, a refrigerant pump PM for repeatedly circulating the refrigerant to the evaporator E, and pipes 18 and 19. An evaporator system refrigerant path consisting of an evaporator system refrigerant path is provided.

The hot water cycle system refrigerant path is from the pipe 12 through the hot water cycle branch point 20 to the pipe 21 and the heating side 22 of the hot water heater W.
, the conduit 23 and the control valve 24, the condenser C is reached via the condenser C via the conduits 44 and 25, and the evaporator E is reached via the conduits 17 and 16. The refrigerant path branched at the branch point 36 is circulated through the pipe 37 to the high temperature generator GH. 26 and 27 are cooling water pipes, 28 are cold water pipes, 29 are heating pipes, and 30 are heat source calorie control valves. 31 and 32 are temperature detectors for detecting cold water load or hot water load.

In a device configured in this way, the refrigerant load detector 31 detects when the refrigeration load is decreasing (normally, it is detected by a drop in the chilled water temperature, or by the return temperature and supply temperature from the cooling load side). (detected by the difference between The separation mechanism in FIG. 1 includes valves 39 and 43 (also serving as cooling capacity adjustment valves) in the refrigerant vapor line connecting the high temperature generator GH and the low temperature generator GL;
It consists of a solution outlet valve 51 to the high temperature generator GH and a solution outlet valve 52 from the high temperature generator G)l.

For cooling, absorber A, low temperature heat exchanger XL, low temperature generator GL
The concentration of the circulating solution is utilized to absorb the refrigerant from the evaporator E. The cooling capacity is controlled by adjusting the amount of solution spray (adjusting the bypass amount of the bypass path consisting of the pipes 34, 35 and the valve 50) to balance the load and capacity. In FIG. 1, a solution bypass valve 50 is used, and opening the valve reduces the amount of solution sprayed and reduces absorption capacity.

When the solution concentration is low during cycle separation, separation can be performed after increasing the concentration energy. In other words, the refrigerant condensed in the hot water heater W is transferred from the condenser C to the evaporator E.
By bringing it to the side, the solution concentration increases and can be used in the cooling cycle after separation.

When the cycle is separated, the high temperature generator GH is detected by the concentration detector 32.
The solution concentration at the outlet, high temperature heat exchanger XHa solution side, may be high, and if it is separated as it is, there is a possibility that crystals will form in the high temperature heat exchanger XH concentrated solution line from the high temperature generator GH outlet. (When the flow stops and the temperature drops). In this case, since the cooling load is small, the concentration of the dilute solution should be low.If the circulation rate is increased and the temperature range between the dilute solution and the concentrated solution is narrowed, the concentration of the concentrated solution will decrease and the danger of crystal formation will disappear. . In other words, the circulation is increased and the concentration range of the dilute solution and the concentrated solution is narrowed before separation. An example of a mechanism for increasing the circulation amount is pressure control of a high temperature generator. , the amount of outflow from the high temperature generator GH increases, and the amount of inflow increases accordingly (the amount of circulation increases).The pressure can be temporarily reduced by turning the heating capacity control valve 24 at the bottom of the hot water heater in the closing direction. However, the pressure increases and returns to the original amount of condensation, making it possible to control the pressure.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, since the cooling cycle section and the heating cycle section can be separated, when the cooling load becomes small, the amount of heat released into the cooling water in the absorber can be effectively used for heating.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic process diagram showing the absorption cold/hot water apparatus of the present invention. A...Absorber, E...Evaporator, GH...High temperature generator, GL...Low temperature generator, C...Condenser, W...Hot water heater, XH...High Hot heat exchanger, XL...Low temperature heat exchanger, PS...Solution pump, PM・S・1~134, 422・~52 26. 28 ・ 30 ・ 1 32 ・ ・Refrigerant pump, ・Cycle separation mechanism, 3.15-19.2123.25. 35.37.44 ・Pipe line, ・Heating pipe, 20.36・ ・Branch point, ・Heating side, 24.39.43.50 ・・Control valve, 27. ・Cooling water pipe, ・Cold water pipe, 29. ・Heating pipe, ・Heat source heat amount control valve, ・Cooling load detector, ・Concentration detector,

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An absorption chiller/heater that can take out cold water and hot water at the same time is equipped with a cooling load detector and a cycle separation mechanism that separates the chiller/heater into a cooling cycle section and a heating cycle section. 1. An absorption chilled/heated water apparatus comprising: a control mechanism for operating a cycle separation mechanism in response to a detection signal from the cooling load detector. 2. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a concentration detector, and a control mechanism for operating the cycle separation mechanism based on a detection signal from the cooling load detector and a cycle concentration detection signal from the concentration detector. Absorption chiller and hot water equipment. 3. An absorption chiller/heater that can take out cold water and hot water at the same time is equipped with a cooling load detector and a cycle separation mechanism that separates the chiller/heater into a cooling cycle section and a heating cycle section to detect the cooling load. When the device detects a load below the predetermined value,
A method for operating an absorption chiller/heater, comprising activating a cycle separation mechanism to separate the chiller/heater into a cooling cycle and a heating cycle, and activating the cycle separation mechanism to combine the cycles when an increase in load is detected. 4. An absorption chiller/heater that can take out cold water and hot water at the same time is equipped with a cooling load detector, a concentration detector, and a cycle separation mechanism that separates the chiller/heater into a cooling cycle section and a heating cycle section. If the cooling load detector detects a load below a predetermined value and the concentration of the cycle is less than the predetermined value, the solution is concentrated to the predetermined value, and if the concentration of the cycle is greater than or equal to the predetermined value, the solution is left as is and the cycle separation mechanism is activated. 1. A method of operating an absorption chiller/heater, comprising operating the chiller/heater to separate the chiller/heater into a cooling cycle section and a heating cycle section. 5. An absorption chiller/heater that can take out cold water and hot water at the same time is equipped with a cooling load detector, a concentration detector, and a circulation rate control mechanism, and the chiller/heater is separated into a cooling cycle section and a heating cycle section. A cycle separation mechanism is installed, and when the cooling load detector detects a load below a predetermined value, if the cycle concentration is less than a predetermined value, the solution is concentrated to a predetermined value, and when the cycle concentration is above a predetermined value, a crystal judgment set value is set. If the cycle concentration is less than the predetermined value and the crystal judgment set value, the solution circulation amount is increased and the cycle separation device is activated.
A method for operating an absorption chiller/heater, characterized in that the chiller/heater is separated into a cooling cycle section and a heating cycle section.