JP3019157B2 - Absorption chiller / heater - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an absorption chiller / warmer device capable of simultaneously supplying cold water and hot water.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, an absorption chiller / heater equipped with an absorber, an evaporator, a generator, a condenser, a hot water heater, and a solution path and a refrigerant path connecting these devices, so that cold water and hot water can be supplied simultaneously. A bypass valve is provided in the solution bypass pipe to adjust the capacity, and when the required refrigeration capacity decreases, the solution bypass valve is opened to reduce the absorption capacity and balance the required value and the supply value .

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, when the amount of the solution bypass is increased, the second
As shown in the graph showing the relationship between the bypass amount, the absorption capacity, and the solution temperature at the outlet of the absorber, the absorption capacity gradually decreases, and from a certain amount, the solution temperature simply increases. If the solution temperature at the outlet of the absorber is excessively increased, the next time a refrigeration capacity is required, unless the solution temperature is lowered, the capacity will not be obtained and the response will be extremely poor.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an absorption chiller / heater with improved responsiveness by preventing the solution temperature at the absorber outlet from exceeding a predetermined temperature.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an absorber, an evaporator, a generator, a condenser, a hot water heater, and a solution path and a refrigerant path connecting these devices, and simultaneously supplies cold water and hot water. An absorption chiller / heater that can be used,
In a device in which a solution to be sprayed on the absorber cooling water heat transfer tube, bypassing the absorber cooling water heat transfer tube and leading to a lower portion of the absorber and a solution bypass valve for adjusting the absorption capacity in the piping, The solution bypass valve adjusts based on a signal from a temperature detector that adjusts a chilled water capacity installed in a pipe for supplying chilled water, and measures an evaporator refrigerant temperature and an absorber outlet solution concentration to measure the refrigerant and the solution. From the measured evaporator refrigerant temperature, using the vapor pressure diagram, determine the refrigerant vapor pressure at that temperature, from the saturated vapor pressure of the measured absorber outlet solution concentration in equilibrium with the determined vapor pressure, Determining a saturated solution temperature of the vapor pressure, the obtained solution temperature, a solution temperature measured at the absorber outlet pipe of the solution path, and a mechanism for adjusting the absorption chilled and heated water device so as not to exceed It was done .

The purpose of adjusting the solution temperature as described above is to prevent the solution temperature at the outlet of the absorber from excessively increasing.Specifically, the evaporator refrigerant temperature and the absorber solution concentration are measured, and the measured values are measured. , The saturated vapor pressure (dew point) of the refrigerant is determined using a common vapor pressure diagram, and the saturated vapor pressure of the measured solution concentration in equilibrium with the saturated vapor pressure is calculated from the saturated solution temperature of the vapor pressure. (Dew point) is determined, and the solution bypass valve is adjusted so that the solution temperature at the absorber outlet does not exceed the determined solution temperature.

Further, when the evaporator refrigerant temperature is not directly measured, a cold water outlet temperature or the like may be used instead.Furthermore, the solution concentration at the absorber outlet may not be directly measured, for example, a generator. The concentration estimated from the outlet temperature and the condenser temperature may be used.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 FIG. 1 is a process chart showing an example of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows an absorber A, an evaporator E, a high-temperature generator GH, and a low-temperature generator.
A GL, a condenser C, a hot water heater W, a high-temperature heat exchanger XH, and a low-temperature heat exchanger XL are provided.

As the solution path, the solution pump PS, the lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
By 7,8,9,10,11, connect some of the above devices,
A solution circulation path is formed. The refrigerant path includes a refrigeration cycle type refrigerant path and a hot water cycle type refrigerant path. The refrigeration cycle system refrigerant path includes a low temperature generator system refrigerant path leading to the evaporator E via the pipes 12 and 13, the heater 14 and the pipes 15 and 16, and evaporates from the solution in the low temperature generator GL. A condenser-based refrigerant path which condenses in the condenser C and reaches the evaporator E via the pipes 17 and 16, and a refrigerant pump PM and pipes 18 and 19 for repeatedly circulating the refrigerant to the evaporator E. And a system-based refrigerant path.

The hot water cycle system refrigerant path includes a pipe 21 through a hot water cycle branch point 20, a pipe 21, a heating side 22 of the hot water heater W, and a pipe.
23, via the control valve 24, further via the pipe 25, and joins the pipe 16 which is a part of the refrigeration cycle system refrigerant path.

26 and 27 are cooling water pipes, 28 is a cold water pipe, 29 is a heating pipe, and 30 is a heat source calorie control valve. 31 and 32 are temperature detectors for detecting a cold water load or a hot water load.

Reference numeral 35 denotes a bypass pipe for the solution path, and a solution bypass valve 33
The solution to be sprayed to the absorber cooling water heat transfer tube is bypassed to the lower portion of the absorber. When the required refrigeration capacity decreases, the solution balance valve 33 is opened to reduce the absorption capacity and balance the required value with the supply value.

The hot water capacity adjustment mechanism includes a hot water temperature
The control is performed by controlling the control valve 24 based on the signal to change the liquid level in the hot water heater W. As the chilled water capacity adjustment mechanism, the chilled water temperature is detected by the temperature detector 31,
The solution bypass valve 33 and the solution adjusting valve 43 are operated based on the signal and the signal detected by the absorber outlet solution temperature detector.

That is, in the normal load cooling operation, the chilled water temperature detector
When the load is increased by the signal 31, the solution adjusting valve 43 is opened to increase the amount of the solution to the low-temperature generator GL, to raise the liquid level in the low-temperature generator GL, and to increase the steam generation capacity. Conversely, when the load decreases, the solution adjusting valve 43 is closed to adjust the amount of the solution so as to reduce the steam generation capacity. Then, when the load cannot be adjusted any more simply by closing the solution adjusting valve 43, the solution bypass valve 33 is opened to reduce the amount of the solution sprayed into the absorber A, thereby reducing the absorption capacity of the absorber A. In this case, the solution bypass valve 33 prevents the solution temperature at the outlet of the absorber from being higher than a predetermined temperature set based on the dew point corresponding to the refrigerant temperature of the evaporator by the detection signal of the solution temperature detector 34 at the absorber outlet. Adjust the opening.

Also, the chilled water capacity adjustment signal, when reducing the chilled water capacity, instructs to open the solution bypass valve, but shuts off the open signal of the bypass valve so that the solution temperature does not exceed a predetermined value, If the temperature is still high, a closing signal is issued to the bypass valve.

Here, the predetermined temperature is calculated by directly measuring the refrigerant temperature of the evaporator E and the solution concentration at the bottom or outlet of the absorber A, or estimating from the cold water temperature, the generator outlet temperature and the condenser temperature. Then, using the vapor pressure diagram of the existing refrigerant and the solution from the measured evaporator refrigerant temperature, from the saturated vapor pressure of the measured solution concentration in equilibrium with the saturated vapor pressure of the refrigerant temperature,
Calculated by determining the solution temperature (dew point) at the above pressure,
The obtained solution temperature is a predetermined temperature (predetermined value).

〔The invention's effect〕

In the present invention, by adjusting the solution bypass valve, the solution temperature at the outlet of the absorber is prevented from rising above a predetermined temperature, so that responsiveness is improved when a refrigeration capacity is required.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process chart showing an example of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between a bypass amount, an absorption capacity, and a solution temperature. A: Absorber, C: Condenser, E: Evaporator, GH: High temperature generator, GL: Low temperature generator, W: Hot water heater, XH:
… High-temperature heat exchanger, XL …… Low-temperature heat exchanger, PS …… Solution pump, PM …… Refrigerant pump, 26,27 …… Cooling water pipe, 28 …… Cold water pipe, 29 …… Heating pipe, 31,32… ... temperature detector, 33 ... solution bypass valve, 34 ... solution temperature detector, 35 ... solution bypass pipe,

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-54-149960 (JP, A) JP-A-55-89663 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An absorption cold / hot water comprising an absorber, an evaporator, a generator, a condenser, a hot water heater, and a solution path and a refrigerant path for connecting these devices, so that cold water and hot water can be supplied simultaneously. An apparatus, comprising: a pipe that guides a solution to be sprayed to an absorber cooling water heat transfer pipe to a lower portion of the absorber, bypassing the absorber cooling water heat transfer pipe; and a solution bypass valve that adjusts absorption capacity to the pipe. In the installed apparatus, the solution bypass valve adjusts based on a signal from a temperature detector that adjusts a chilled water capacity installed in a pipe for supplying chilled water, and measures an evaporator refrigerant temperature and an absorber outlet solution concentration. ,
Using the refrigerant and the vapor pressure diagram of the solution, from the measured evaporator refrigerant temperature, determine the refrigerant saturated vapor pressure at that temperature, the measured outlet liquid concentration of the absorber in equilibrium with the obtained vapor pressure From the saturated vapor pressure, a saturated solution temperature of the vapor pressure is obtained, and the obtained solution temperature is adjusted so that the solution temperature measured at the absorber outlet pipe of the solution path does not exceed. Absorption cooling and heating water equipment.