JPH03155851A - 外科用留め具を付けるための装置 - Google Patents

外科用留め具を付けるための装置

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Publication number
JPH03155851A
JPH03155851A JP2298731A JP29873190A JPH03155851A JP H03155851 A JPH03155851 A JP H03155851A JP 2298731 A JP2298731 A JP 2298731A JP 29873190 A JP29873190 A JP 29873190A JP H03155851 A JPH03155851 A JP H03155851A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fastener
branch
tissue
retainer
pin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2298731A
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English (en)
Other versions
JPH0364129B2 (ja
Inventor
David T Green
グリーン ディヴィッド テイ
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United States Surgical Corp
Original Assignee
United States Surgical Corp
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Publication of JPH03155851A publication Critical patent/JPH03155851A/ja
Publication of JPH0364129B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0364129B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/14Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
    • A61L31/148Materials at least partially resorbable by the body
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/064Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue
    • A61B17/0643Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue with separate closing member, e.g. for interlocking with staple
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/04Macromolecular materials
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/04Macromolecular materials
    • A61L31/042Polysaccharides
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/04Macromolecular materials
    • A61L31/043Proteins; Polypeptides; Degradation products thereof
    • A61L31/047Other specific proteins or polypeptides not covered by A61L31/044 - A61L31/046
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/04Macromolecular materials
    • A61L31/048Macromolecular materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/04Macromolecular materials
    • A61L31/06Macromolecular materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/45Separable-fastener or required component thereof [e.g., projection and cavity to complete interlock]
    • Y10T24/45225Separable-fastener or required component thereof [e.g., projection and cavity to complete interlock] including member having distinct formations and mating member selectively interlocking therewith
    • Y10T24/45602Receiving member includes either movable connection between interlocking components or variable configuration cavity
    • Y10T24/45775Receiving member includes either movable connection between interlocking components or variable configuration cavity having resiliently biased interlocking component or segment
    • Y10T24/45785Requiring manual force applied against bias to interlock or disengage

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は外科用留め具を身体の組織に付けるための装置
に関する。
外科用ステーブル止めが、糸、ガツトワイヤ等の個々の
縫合線を付ける困難性を回避するために開発されてきた
。外科用ステーブル止め装置によって、外科医はステー
ブル止め器具に応じ外科用ステーブルを1つずつ続けて
又は同時に平行に付けることによって身体組織を留める
ことができる。
外科用ステーブルは、身体が次第に吸収するマグネシウ
ムのような金属も知られているが、代表的には、通常タ
ンタル又はステンレススチールのような不活性材料の金
属ワイヤである。
成る外科手術では、非金属の縫合線を使用するのが望ま
しい。例えば、身体の中に金属ステーブルがあるとX線
を散乱させそれによってレントゲン写真の質を低下させ
ることがある。また、成る場合には、金属ステーブルが
不利には、手術後数ケ月又は数年の間身体の中で移動す
るかも知れない。これらの理由及び他の理由のために、
X線の透過を妨げずまた、比較的迅速に身体によって吸
収される天然又は合成ポリマー、又は樹脂若しくはコラ
ーゲンのような非金属縫合材を使用するのが望ましい。
本明細書及び添付の特許請求の範囲の便宜のために、本
発明の実例において使用するのに適当なかかる全ての非
金属縫合材を「プラスチック状材料」と称する。本発明
の使用に適当であるためには、縫合材は比較的、可撓性
及び弾力性がなければならず、従って、ここに使用する
「プラスチック状材料」という用語はかかる材料に限定
される。しかしながら、この用捨は生分解吸収能力に関
しては限定されず、従って、ここに称する「プラスチッ
ク状材料」は吸収性、非吸収性のいずれであってもよい
上述したプラスチック状材料は、一般的に、金属の物理
的特性とは実質的に異なる物理的特性を有する。これら
のプラスチック状材料は一般的に、外科用ステーブル止
め装置の金属ワイヤの代用にはならない。というのは、
これらの材料の留め具構造は、通常、留めようとする組
織を突き刺すには強くなく即ち硬くないからである。ま
た、これらの材料の留め具構造は、付ける際、金属を折
り曲げるようには折り曲げることはできない。これらの
材料は一般的に、非常に撓むのでステーブルの仕上り形
状を保持することができない。
したがって、本発明の目的は、プラスチック状材料の改
良外科用留め具を付けるための改良装置を提供するにあ
る。
本発明のこれら及び池の目的は、本発明の原理によれば
、長さ方向の基部及び該基部の長さ方向軸線に垂直に基
部から延びる、間隔をへだて実質的に平行な少なくとも
2つの枝部を包含する少なくとも1つの留め具部材を収
容する留め具保持組立体と、各々、枝部のそれぞれの1
つの自由端を受け入れて保持するようになった少なくと
も2つの開口部を包含する少なくとも1つの保持器部材
を取外し可能に収容する保持器支持部材と、枝部が留め
具保持組立体と支持器支持部材との間に配置された身体
の組織を貫通し、又、枝部の自由端が保持器部材の開口
部に入ってこれによって保持されて組織を留めるように
、留め具部材を留め具保持組立体から押すための留め具
保持組立体内に配置したプッシャ装置とから成り、プッ
シャ装置は各枝部に実質的に平行で且つこれと接触する
金属ピンを包含し、各ピンは枝部の自由端を越えて延び
且つ留め具部材を押す際に枝部と共に移動して組織への
枝部の貫通を容易にし、さらに留め具保持組立体が留め
られた組織から遠ざかるときに、自動的に、ピンを留め
具保持組立体の中へ引っ込めるための留め具部材保持組
立体内に配置した装置とから成ることを特徴とする外科
用留め具を身体の組織に付けるための装置を提供するこ
とによって達成される。
本発明の一層の特徴、その本質及び種々の利点は、添付
図面及び本発明の以下の詳細な1兎明から明らかになる
であろう。
第1図に示され且つ参照番号10で指示された装置は2
つの主部分から成っている。これらは、作動器組立体1
2と留め具付はカートリッジ14である。作動器具組立
体12は、1981年5月26日に出願された米国特許
同時係属出願第267、080号に示されている装置の
相当部分と同一であるのが良い。したがって、作動器組
立体12は本発明の一部をなさず、ここでは詳細に説明
しない。確かに、他の作動器組立体が図示した作動器組
立体の代わりに容易に用いられる。適当な別の作動器組
立体の例が、1980年9月29日に出願された米国同
時係、嘱出願第188.691号に示されている。かく
して、第1図に示す特定の作動器組立体は本発明の成る
可能な態様をのみ示し、本発明を理解又は実施するのに
必要ではない。
作動器組立体12は、フレーム20と、回動要素22及
び往復運動要素24を包含するクランプ作動機構と、回
動プッシャ作動部材26とから成っている。留め具付は
カー) IJッジ14が、フレームの遠い方の脚28と
留め具保持器支持部材30との間のデテント又は池の同
様な連結装置によってフレーム20の遠い方の部分に取
外し自在に装着される。
第2図及び第3図で最もよく分かるように、留め具付は
カートリッジ14は、長さ方向の留め具保持器支持部材
30及び留め具保持組立体40を包含している。留め具
保持組立体40は、部材30の一端に隣接したピン32
によって部材30に回動的に連結されている。保持器支
持部材30は、平行な2つの列に構成された複数の留め
具保持器部材80を有している。留め具保持組立体40
も、平行な2つの列に構成された複数の留め具部材10
0を有している。留め具保持組立体40が、例えば第2
図に示すように保持器支持部材30に対し実質的に平行
に回動するとき、各留め具部材100:ま保持器部材8
0のそれぞれの1つと向い合っている。各列の留め具部
材及び保持器部材は他の列の留め具部材及び保持器部材
から片寄っており、千鳥状構造の仕上り留め具を留める
組織に提供する。
第1図の装置は、以下のように身体組織を留めるのに使
用される。第1a図に示すように回動クランプ作動要素
22をフレーム20から上方に回動させ、往復運動クラ
ンプ作動要素24を手前に引っ込める。留め具付はカー
) IJッジ14をフレーム20に差し込む。また、第
1a図に示すように、要素24が手前に引っ込められる
ので留め具保持組立体40は回動して保持器支持部材3
0から遠ざかることができる。かくしてカートリッジ1
4を開いて、留めようとする組織16をカートリッジ要
素30と40の向い合う面の間に配置する。次に、第1
b図に示すように、回動クランプ要素22をフレーム2
0に対し平行に回動させクランプ作動要素24を遠方へ
延ばす。要素24の遠い方の端が留め具保持組立体40
0手前の側に接触し、それを保持器支持部材30の方へ
回動させ留めようとする組織を要素30と40の向い合
゛っている面の間にクランプする。留め具保持組立体4
0が保持器支持部材30に対して実質的に平行になると
、組織は完全にクランプされ且つ留められる準備が出来
ている。留め具付はカートリッジ14のこの状態は第2
図及び第3図で最もよく分かる。次に、回動プッシャ作
動部材26をフレーム20の握りの方へ回動させ留め具
保持組立体40を作動して第4図及び第5図に示すよう
に留め具部材100を駆動させて組立体40から組織を
通して保持器部材80と互いに係合させる。今や、組織
の留めは完了しており、留められた組織は装置から取外
されるのが良い。回動プッシャ作動部材26を解放して
その最初の位置へ戻す。回動クランプ作動部材22をフ
レーム20から回動させ、往復運動クランプ作動部材2
4を引っ込める。これによって留め具保持組立体40を
保持器支持部材30から遠ざけるように回動させ、従っ
て、装置を留められた組織から取外すことができる。保
持器部材80は部材30から離れ、留め具部材100と
互いに係合したままで組織を固着させる。使用済みの留
め具材はカートリッジ14をフレーム20から取外して
揄てる。追加的に組織を留めようとする場合には新しい
カートリッジを入れる。
本発明の外科用留め具は細部が第6図、第9図乃至第2
1図で最もよく分かる。各留め具は、最初、別々の保持
器部材80と留め具部材100とを包含している。各留
め具部材100は長さ方向の基部102及び実質的に平
行な少なくとも2つの伎8104.106を有し、枝部
104.106は、基部の長さに沿って間隔をへだてた
位置で基部から実質的に垂直に延びている。各留め具部
材について枝部は少なくとも2つ必要である。
というのは、各枝部は保持器部材80と合わさる際、そ
の長さ方向軸線のまわりにねじれるからであり、2つ又
はそれ以上の枝部のあることによって基部102は、枝
部のねじれの際(さらに、留め具が組織の所定位置にあ
る後〉、保持器部材に対して平行に保たれる。図面に示
した特定の実施態様では、各留め具部材100は枝部を
2つしか有さないが、所望ならば2つ以上の枝部を使用
しつることは明らかである。
各保持器部材80は、留め具部材100の基部102に
対し実質的に平行な長さ方向のil、Hである。各保持
器部材は、少なくとも2つの開口部84.86を有して
おり、これらは各々、関連した留め具部材の枝部のそれ
ぞれの1つの自由端と受入れるようになっている。各留
め具部材には枝部が2つ必要であるのと同じ理由で、各
保持器部材80には開口部が少なくとも2つ必要である
保持器部材によって留め具の枝部は保持N部材と合わさ
る際にねじれ、又、保持器部材は枝部のこのねじれの際
(さらに留め具が組織の所定位置にある後)、留め具部
材に対して平行のままであるように2つの開口部が必要
である。
留め具要素80及び100 it両方とも、条件を上記
のように構成するようなプラスチック状の材料で作られ
る。代表的に外科用ステーブルを作る金属と比較して、
留め具要素80.100のプラスチック状材料は比較的
軟らかく可撓性、弾力性がある。従って、留め具部材の
枝部104.106は一般的に、独力で留めようとする
組織を突き刺すことはできない。留め具の枝部を助けて
組織を突き刺すために、ステーブル保持組立体40は金
属ピン52 (第2図及び第6図)を包含し、二〇金嘱
ピンは各留め具部材の各枝部と接触し、又、装置の駆動
ストロークの際、枝部と一緒に移動する。各ピン52は
 部の自由端を越えて短い距離延び且つ組織の突き到し
を容易にするために先がとがっている。ピン52と接触
する各枝部の側面108はピンの側面に適合し、従って
部は少なくとも部分的にピンによって支持される。
図示した特定の実施態様では、側面108は実質的に平
らである。各枝部の残りの側面(集合的に自由側面と称
される)は、種々の機能を行なうように形づくられてお
り、これろの全てを以下に詳述する。これらの機能のう
ちの第1は、枝部がピン52から離れないで、組織への
枝部の貫通を容易にすることである。この目的のために
、枝部の自由端は、ピン52の側面と接触する先、)*
110となり、又、自由側面の隣接部分112は、先端
110から遠ざかる方向にピン52かる傾斜している。
図面に示した特定の実施態様では、自由側面部分112
は円錐形外面の一部である。かくして、枝部104又は
106は組織を貫通するピン52に続くので、側面部分
112への組織の圧力は枝部をピンと接触させたままに
しようとするっピン52は多くの方法で作ることができ
るが、図示した特定の実施態様では、各ピンは基部54
及び、基部の両端から垂直に延びる平行な2つの溝形部
分56を有するU形部材50 (第6図で最も良く分か
る)の端部である。各ピン52は溝部分56のそれぞれ
の1つの自由端から延びている。
ピン部材50を作る平らなブランク53が第8図に示さ
れている。
留め具部材100の枝部104.106がピン52の助
けで組織を貫通した後、以下に説明するように枝部の自
由端が保持器部材の開口部84.86に入り保持器部材
を互いに係合する。保持器部材の開口部84.86の各
々は、最初の比較的小さな部分88及び最終の比較的大
きな部分90を有している。最初の部分88と最終の部
分90との間に係合面部92があり、この係合面部は留
め具部材の枝部104又は106の長さ方向軸線に対し
て実質的に垂直である。開口部84.86の各々は、保
持器部材の長さ方向中心軸線及び留め具部材の枝部の長
さ方向軸線によって構成された平面に関し実質的に対称
である。(この平面は保持器部材の開口部の対称面と称
される。)第10図から明らかなように、各保持器部材
の開口部の最初の部分88は、余りに小さいので、以下
に詳細に説明するように枝部のねじれなしには留め具部
材の枝部の自由端を通すことができない。
しかしながら、第13図から明らかなように、各開口部
の最終の部分90はねじれた又はねじれていない状態の
枝部の自由端を受入れるのに足るだけ大きい。
第9図、第10図及び第17図で最も良く分かるように
、各留め具部材の枝部の円錐状自由側面部分112以外
のところは実質的に平らな2つの面部114と116を
、枝部の長さ方向軸線のそれぞれの対向した側に作るよ
うに切除されている。
平らな面部114.116は、枝部の長さ方向軸線且つ
互いに対し実質的に平行であるが、それらは保持器の開
口部84又は86の前述の対称面に対して傾斜しており
即ち平行ではない。各保持器開口部の最初の部分88は
余りに小さいので枝部の自由端を枝部の最初の角度の向
きで通すことはできないが、枝部がその長さ方向軸線の
まわりにねじれ従って平らな面部114.116が保持
器部材の開口部の前述の対称面に対して実質的に平行に
なるとき、枝部の自由端は開口部の最初の部分88を貫
通することができる。これは、保持器部材の開口部の最
初の部分88を貫通するためにねじれた枝部の端を示す
第11図から明ろかである。枝部の適当なねじりは以下
に説明するように自動的に達成される。
例えば第10図で最も良く分かるように、平らな面部1
12の向き及び角度は、円錐状面部112の部分112
aが平らな面部108と116との間に残るようなもの
である。平らな面B108と114との間には比較しろ
るような円錐状面部1120部分は残らない。というの
は、これろの2つの平らな面部は隣接しているからであ
る。他方、平らな面部108から所定圧離隔てたところ
に平ろな面部114と隣接している円錐状面8112の
部分112bがあり、一方、平らな面部116を有する
枝部の側には平らな面部108から同−距離隔てたとこ
ろに円錐状面部112の相当部分がない。かくして、平
らな面部114.116は各枝部の自由端を保持器部材
の開口部の前述の対称面に関して実質的に非対称にする
枝部の自由端が、第10図に示した最初の角度の向きで
保持器部材の開口部の最初の部分88へ押し込められる
と、枝部の非対称の面部112a及び112bは、開口
部の最初の部分88の側面に接触し、ねじり偶力即ちト
ルクを枝部に加えるためのカム面として作用する。この
偶力即ちトルクは、平らな面部114及び116を保持
器部材の開口部の前述の対称面と平行にさせるような方
向に作用する。枝部は、平らな面部114及び116が
第11図及び第12図に示すように保持器部材の開口部
の対称面と実質的に平行になるまで、第11図の矢印1
18で指示された方向においてその長さ方向軸線のまわ
りにねじれることによってこの偶力即ちトルクに応答す
るほど十分に撓む。こうした状態になると、枝部の自由
端は開口部の最初の部分88から開口部の最終の部分9
0へ自由に貫通することができる。保持器部材の開口部
も、留め具部材の枝部のねじり中、ある程度まで外方に
伸びるのが注目される。保持器部材の開口部は代表的に
は、以下に説明するように枝部がねじられないときの最
初の寸法及び形状に戻る。
円錐状面部112の全てが開口部の最終の部分90の中
へ通ると、カム面112a及び112bは開口部の最初
の部分88との接触を失う。したがって、ねじりの偶力
即ちトルクはもはや枝部に加わらず、又、枝部は第13
図の矢印−120で指示した方向において第13図及び
第14図に示すような最初の角度の向きにねじれない。
これは留め具部材の枝部の係合面部122と保持器部材
の開口部の係合面部92の重なりによって、留め具部材
と保持器部材を恒久的に互いに係合させる。
今、留め具カートリッジ14の構造及び操作をさらに詳
細に考慮する。第2図及び第3図に示すように、留め具
保持組立体40は、外側ハウジング60を包含し、この
ハウジングは一方の側からハウジングの内部に片持され
た停止部材62を有している。U−形溝部材64が留め
具部材100の枝部と平行に往復動可能にハウジング6
0の内部に配置されている。溝部材64の一方の脚は停
止部材62の手前の側に位置決めされ、溝部材64の他
方の脚は停止部材62から遠い方の側に位置決めされて
いる。圧縮板ばね66が停止部材62と溝部材64の手
前の脚との間に配置されており、溝部材64を手前の方
向へ弾性的に押圧する。
プッシャ部材68が、溝部材とプッシャ部材の基部との
間のありつぎ連結部によって溝部材64の遠い方の脚に
固着されている。第6図で最も良く分かるように、プッ
シャ部材68は長さ方向の基部70及び基部に垂直な複
数のプッシャフィンガ72を包含している。各プッシャ
フィンガ72は、留め具部材100のそれぞれの1つの
基部1(12の手前の側へ延びている。かくして、カー
トリッジ14を作動するとき、プッシャフィンガ72は
、留め具部材100を留め具保持組立体40から実際に
駆動する要素である。ピン部材50の基部54は、プッ
シャ部材の基部70と溝部材64の遠い方の脚との間に
捕えられる。各ピン部材の各溝形部分56は、プッシャ
部材の基部70に対応して形作られた開口部74を貫通
する(第7図も参照)。溝形部分56も各プッシャフィ
ンガ72の両側に沿って延び、留め具B第100の基部
102の端に隣接して終っている。
各溝形部分56と関連したピン52との間の渡りのとこ
ろで、ピン部材50はデテント58を包含し、このデテ
ント58は留め具部材100の対応するデテント面12
4と解放可能に係合する。デテント要素58と124と
の協働によって留め具保持組立体40を作動して留め具
部材を駆動する前に、留め具部材100は留め具保持組
豆体内に保持される。
坂ばね42がハウジング60の手前の側にピボットピン
32にl!J接して取付けられている。ばね42の自由
端(ハウジング60へのばね42の取付けと反対側の)
は整合ピン44に係合している。
整合ピン44は留め具100の枝部に平行なハウジング
60の上方部分を貫通し、ハウジング60内に長さ方向
往復動可能に取付けられている。ばね42は第1a図に
示すようにハウジング60の手前の面から離れるように
偏向し、従って、整合ピン44の自由端(見えない)は
普通ハウジング60内へ手前の方向に引っ込められてい
る。しかしながら、作動器組立体12のクランプ作動要
素22.24が第1b図に示すように位置決めされると
き、ばね42はハウジング60の手前の面に押付けられ
、それによって整合ピン44を遠方方向へ駆動する。こ
の状態では、整合ピン44の遠い方の端は、ハウジング
60の遠い方の側から、ピボットピン32から遠い方の
保持器支持部材30の端の開口部34内へ延びている。
このように、整合ピン44は、留め具保持組立体40と
保持器支持部材30とが互いに実質的に平行になり、そ
れらの間にクランプされた組織に留め具をつける準備が
できるとき、保持器支持部材30との留め具保持組立体
40の整合を助ける。留め具保持組立体40が保持器支
持部材30に対して平行でない場合、ばね42は整合ピ
ン44の遠い方の端をハウジング60内へ自動的に引っ
込め、従って、整合ピンは装置への組織の差し込み又は
装置からの組織の取出しを妨げない。
保持器部材80は、適当な任意の手段、例えば保持器部
材80と保持器支持部材30との間の軽い摩擦液めによ
って保持器支持部材30の開口部に取外し可能に保持さ
れており、従って、留め具部材100が組織を貫通して
保持器部材の中へ駆動された後、保持器部材は比較的容
易に保持器支持部材から出て来る。
留めようとする組織を保持器支持部材30と留め具保持
組立体40の向い合った面の間にクランプさせて留めよ
うとしたとき、プッシャ作動器部材26(第1図)をフ
レーム20の握りの方へ回動させプッシャ作動器ロフト
130(作動器組立体12の一部である)を第4図及び
第5図に示すように遠方方向へ駆動させる。プッシャ作
動器ロッド130の遠い方の端は、ばね42のスロット
46及びハウジング60のスロット76を貫通し、溝部
材640手前の脚に接触する。これによって、溝部材6
4は遠方方向へ移動し、それにより圧縮板ばね66を圧
縮させ、プッシャ部材68も遠方方向へ移動させる。プ
ッシャ部材68の遠方への移動によって、ピン52及び
、留め具部材100の枝部104.106は組織を貫通
し保持器部材80の開口部84.86の中へ駆動される
。ピン52の端は開口部84.86に入るが、それるの
開口部はピンに隣接するにはかなり大きく、従って、ピ
ンは保持器部材によって保持されない。ピン52は枝部
104.106が組織を突きが1すのを助は且つ枝部が
曲がらないように補強する。しかしながら、ピン52は
、枝部が先に詳述したように保持器部材の開口B84.
86に入るときにねじれを妨げない。
プッシャ作動器ロッド130がその駆動行程を完了する
と、溝部材64の手前の脚は第4図及び第5図に示すよ
うに停止部材62に密接している。
加つるに、留め具部材100の全ての枝部の自由端は第
13図及び第14図で示した方法で保持器部材80と互
いに係合し合う。組織の留めが完了すると、回動作動器
部材26を解放してプッシャ作動器ロッド130を手前
の方向に引っ込める。
プッシャ作動器ロッド130が引っ込むとすぐ、圧縮板
ばね66は溝部材64を第2図及び第3図に示したその
最初の位置へ押し戻す。これによってピン52は引っ込
んでハウジング60の中へ戻り、それによってピンは仕
上った外科用留め具、さらに留められた組織から引き離
される。かくして、留められた組織が装置から取出され
る前に、ピン52は、装置からの組織の取出し中、ピン
との接触による組織への起りうる損傷を回避するために
、装置によって自動的に引っ込められる。
留められた組織を装置から取出そうとするとき、回動ク
ランプ作動器要素22(第1図)をフレーム20から回
動させ往復動要素24を引っ込める。
これによって、ばね42は整合ピン44を引っ込め、又
、留め具保持組立体40は回動して保持器支持部材30
から離れる。したがって、留められた組織を装置から取
出すことができる。使用済みの留め具付はカートリッジ
14を作動器組立体12から取外して捨てる。新しいカ
ートリッジ1.4を作動器組立体に配置すると本装置は
再使用のための準備が出来ている。
本発明を特定の実施態様の背景で例示的に説明したが、
他型式の外科用留め装置に均等に適用しうろことが理解
されよう。例えば、上述したような回動留め具付はカー
トリッジ140代わりに、保持器支持部材及び留め具保
持組立体を、米国特許第3.494.533号に示され
た外科用ステープラの分離したアンビル及びステーブル
保持組立体と類似の方法で互いに対して直線的に移動す
る完全に分離した2つのカートリッジ要素にしても良い
また、本発明は外科用留め具を真直ぐな列でつけるのに
特定されない。例えば、本発明は、外科用留め具をCo
nta氏等に付与された米国特許第4、304.236
号に示された外科用円形吻合ステープラのような環状パ
ターンでつけるのに適用しうる。
本発明のその型式の装置に適用するにあたっては、保持
器支持部材を再び、Conta氏等の装置の分離したア
ンビル及びステーブル保持組立体と類似の方法で留め具
保持組立体から完全に分離するように作る。
また、本発明は、留め具付は部分が恒久的な作動器組立
体から分離している処分可能なカートリッジとして作ら
れる留め具付は装置に特定されない。留め具付は部分を
作動器組立体と一体に作ってもよいし、装置全体を1回
使用した後に処分できるように作ってもよい。
吸収性、又は生分解性の外科用留め具としての使用に適
当なプラスチック状材料は、ネコの腸(ひつじの腸の粘
膜下組織から出てくるコラーゲン(co 11agen
) )、ポリグリコール酸、ポリ乳酸、ポリグリコール
酸とポリ乳酸とのコポリマーブレンド、再構成されたコ
ラーゲン、ポリエステル、カゼイン、アルブミン等のよ
うなポリアミノ酸、ポリビニルアルコールのような多価
アルコールポリマー、セルロースグリコール酸エーテノ
ペメチルα−シアノアクリレートのようなα−シアノア
クリル酸のエステルを包含する。ポリグリコール酸は米
国特許第3.463.158号、第3.739.773
号、第3.772.420号に開示されている。適当な
ポリ乳酸は米国特許第3.636.956号に開示され
ている。
吸収性ポリエステルの例は米国特許第3.225.76
6号、第3.883.9旧号に開示されている。吸収性
セルロースグリコール酸エステルは米国+t 許i2、
764.159号に示されている。適当なα−シアンア
クリル酸のエステルは米国特許第3.527.841号
、第3.564.078号、第3.759.264号に
発見される。
好ましい実施態様では、本発明の留め具は、1〇−50
%重量のグリコライドと50−90%重量のラクタイド
との吸収性無定形コポリマーを射出成形することによっ
て製造される。コポリマーの分子量は約30.000〜
40.000から約130.000までのものである。
前記のものは適当な生分解性の吸収性プラスチック状材
料の例示にすぎない。適当な他の吸収性プラスチック状
留め具材(例えば、p−ジオキサンのポリマー)は当業
者に明らかである。適当な非吸収性プラスチック状材料
の例は、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ナイロンであ
る。
図示してここに説明した実施態様は本発明の原理の単な
る例示であり、種々の修正が本発明の範囲と精神から逸
脱することなく当業者によってなされるのが理解されよ
う。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第1a図は、本発明の外科用留め具を付けるための例示
的装置の斜視図であり、カートリッジを使用する作動器
組立体から分離した留め具付はカートリッジを示す図で
ある。第1b図は第1a図と同様であるが、作動器組立
体に装着された留め具付はカートリッジ及び留め具を身
体組織に付けるための準備ができている装置を示す斜視
図である。 第2図は、第1b図の2−2線における第1図の装置の
一部の部分断両立面図であり、組織を留める前の装置を
示す図である。 第3図は、第2図の3−3線における断面図である。 第4図は、第2図と同様であるが、組織を留めた後の装
置を示す図である。 第5図は、第4図の5−5線における断面図である。 第6図は、第1図乃至第5図の装置の一部の分解斜視図
である。 第7図は、第6図の7−7線における断面図である。 第8図は、第6図で詳細に示した部品の1つを作るため
のブランクの平面図である。 第9図は、本発明の外科用留め具の部分断両立面図であ
る。 第10図は、第9図の10−10線における図である。 第11図は、留め具の2つの部品を合わせる際の中間段
階を示す、第10図と同様な図である。 第12図は、第11図の12−12線における断面図で
ある。第12図の留め具の枝部は断面ではない。 第13図は、留め具の2つの部品を合わせる際の最終段
階を示す、第11図と同様な図である。 第14図は、第13図の14−14線における断面図で
ある。第14図の留め具の枝部は断面ではない。 第15図は、第9図の留め具の一部の端面図である。 第16図は、第9図の留め具の一部の立面図である。 第17図、第18図は、第16図にそれぞれ17 17
線、18−18線における図である。 第19図、第20図、第21図は、第16図のそれぞれ
19−19線、20−20線、21−21線における断
面図である。 30・・・・保持器支持部材 40・・・・留め具保持組豆体 80・・・・保持器部材 100・・・・留め具部材 52・・・・金属ピン 68・・・・プッシャ部材 66・・・・圧縮板ばね

Claims (6)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. (1)長さ方向の基部及び該基部の長さ方向軸線に垂直
    に基部から延びる、間隔をへだて実質的に平行な少なく
    とも2つの枝部を包含する少なくとも1つの留め具部材
    を収容する留め具保持組立体と、各々、枝部のそれぞれ
    の1つの自由端を受け入れて保持するようになった少な
    くとも2つの開口部を包含する少なくとも1つの保持器
    部材を取外し可能に収容する保持器支持部材と、枝部が
    留め具保持組立体と支持器支持部材との間に配置された
    身体の組織を貫通し、又、枝部の自由端が保持器部材の
    開口部に入ってこれによって保持されて組織を留めるよ
    うに、留め具部材を留め具保持組立体から押すための留
    め具保持組立体内に配置したプッシャ装置とから成り、
    プッシャ装置は各枝部に実質的に平行で且つこれと接触
    する金属ピンを包含し、各ピンは枝部の自由端を越えて
    延び且つ留め具部材を押す際に枝部と共に移動して組織
    への枝部の貫通を容易にし、さらに留め具保持組立体が
    留められた組織から遠ざかるときに、自動的に、ピンを
    留め具保持組立体の中へ引っ込めるための留め具部材保
    持組立体内に配置した装置とから成ることを特徴とする
    外科用留め具を身体の組織に付けるための装置。
  2. (2)留め具保持組立体は保持器支持部材の一端に隣接
    するように回動的に取付けられていることを特徴とする
    請求の範囲第1項記載の装置。
  3. (3)枝部が開口部に入るとき、各開口部によって枝部
    はその長さ方向軸線のまわりにねじれ次にねじれていな
    い状態になって開口部と互いに係合し合うことを特徴と
    する請求の範囲第1項記載の装置。
  4. (4)各ピンは枝部を補強して、枝部の能力を妨害しな
    いで長さ方向に座屈させないようにし、望み通りにねじ
    って留め具部材と保持器部材とを互いに係合させること
    を特徴とする請求の範囲第3項記載の装置。
  5. (5)各ピンは、枝部の側面の一部に隣接し、枝部の側
    面の残部はカム面部及び係合面部を包含し、カム面部は
    保持器部材の開口部と協働して枝部をねじり、係合面部
    は、カム面部が枝部をねじれていない状態にしたとき、
    保持器部材の開口部と互いに係合し合うことを特徴とす
    る請求の範囲第4項記載の装置。
  6. (6)各ピン及び枝部は、プッシャ装置の操作の前に、
    留め具部材を留め具保持組立体内に保持するための協働
    デテント装置を包含することを特徴とする請求の範囲第
    4項記載の装置。
JP2298731A 1981-10-09 1990-11-02 外科用留め具を付けるための装置 Granted JPH03155851A (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/310,065 US4402445A (en) 1981-10-09 1981-10-09 Surgical fastener and means for applying same
US310065 1981-10-09

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP57502722A Division JPS58501657A (ja) 1981-10-09 1982-08-09 プラスチック状材料の外科用留め具

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH03155851A true JPH03155851A (ja) 1991-07-03
JPH0364129B2 JPH0364129B2 (ja) 1991-10-04

Family

ID=23200859

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP57502722A Pending JPS58501657A (ja) 1981-10-09 1982-08-09 プラスチック状材料の外科用留め具
JP2298731A Granted JPH03155851A (ja) 1981-10-09 1990-11-02 外科用留め具を付けるための装置

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP57502722A Pending JPS58501657A (ja) 1981-10-09 1982-08-09 プラスチック状材料の外科用留め具

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US (1) US4402445A (ja)
EP (1) EP0077262B1 (ja)
JP (2) JPS58501657A (ja)
AT (1) ATE21328T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU548370B2 (ja)
BR (1) BR8207918A (ja)
CA (2) CA1191416A (ja)
DE (2) DE3249117C2 (ja)
GB (1) GB2118665B (ja)
WO (1) WO1983001193A1 (ja)

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WO1983001193A1 (en) 1983-04-14
EP0077262A3 (en) 1984-02-22
CA1191416A (en) 1985-08-06
DE3249117C2 (de) 1986-03-20
US4402445A (en) 1983-09-06
AU548370B2 (en) 1985-12-05
EP0077262A2 (en) 1983-04-20
ATE21328T1 (de) 1986-08-15
GB8314597D0 (en) 1983-06-29
GB2118665B (en) 1985-08-07
GB2118665A (en) 1983-11-02
JPH0364129B2 (ja) 1991-10-04
CA1193938A (en) 1985-09-24
DE3249678A1 (ja) 1986-04-03
AU8485082A (en) 1983-12-08
JPS58501657A (ja) 1983-10-06
DE3249678C2 (de) 1986-04-03
BR8207918A (pt) 1983-09-13
EP0077262B1 (en) 1986-08-13
DE3249117T1 (de) 1983-12-01

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