JPH03126688A - Treating agent for converting night soil into organic fertilizer and treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance deodorizing effect and to enable immediate fertilization by adding FeSO4.7H2O, sodium L-ascorbate and fly ash or zeolite powder. CONSTITUTION:FeSO4.7H2O is blended with 0.1-20wt.% sodium L-ascorbate basing on the amt. of FeSO4 and 20-100wt.% fly ash or zeolite powder to obtain a treating agent for converting night soil into an org. fertilizer. This treating agent is added to night soil by 30-200g per 100l night soil.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to a treatment agent and a treatment method for converting human and livestock manure into organic fertilizer that is very useful for growing crops and other plants and is easy to handle. .

Conventional technology Since ancient times, manure has played an important role as a fertilizer, but it has been shunned due to its bad odor, ease of handling, fertilizer application efficiency, and hygiene, and is now almost no longer used in modern agriculture as it has been replaced by chemical fertilizers. . However, in recent years, organic farming methods have been reconsidered in terms of food safety and good taste, and with this, manure is once again attracting attention as a source of organic fertilizer.

On the other hand, the flushing rate of toilets in Japan is reported in the 1989 Housing Statistics Survey Bulletin and Zenjoren News, 1989
According to No. 1, even if treatment using cypress is included, only 65.8% of human waste is purified, mainly in urban areas. 1/3 of the total number of remaining units
Most of the human waste generated in the region is collected and treated at the municipal level at huge expense, and the total amount reaches an average of 76,000,000 yen per day, and if septic tank sludge is included, it exceeds 100,000,000 sludge per day (Showa era). It has been reported that this will occur in 1961).

Therefore, even if manure is revived as fertilizer on a large scale, there will be sufficient supply capacity in the future, and the cost required for collection and processing will be reduced by the amount used as manure.

However, simply using excrement as it is as manure will simply return to the old state, and the various problems that were the cause of the decline, including the bad odor, will not be solved at all.

Conventionally, a combination of an iron (II) compound and L-ascorbic acid has been proposed as an effective and inexpensive deodorizing treatment agent for preventing bad odors from excrement, garbage, etc. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-43091). A mixture of ferrous sulfate and fly ash or dried natural zeolite fine powder was proposed as having a deodorizing effect as a treatment agent for feed.
No. 34724, No. 5C1-32979).

According to these processing agents, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide,
It has been recognized that the bad odor of mercaptans is significantly deodorized, and the effect is that iron (n) ions form a complex with ammonia, and this complex forms a complex with sulfur-containing odor components.
This is presumed to be due to the immobilization of the component by forming -8 bonds.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, although both of the above-mentioned treatment agents are considered to be effective in deodorizing human excrement, they cannot be said to be sufficient for processing the above-mentioned excrement to convert it into organic fertilizer as a bottom fertilizer. . In other words, in terms of environmental hygiene, organic fertilizer requires application rather than fertilization from disposable waste, and prevention of bad odors even after fertilization, and from an agricultural management standpoint, it is necessary to apply fertilizer to some extent to counter chemical fertilizer farming. In addition to increasing efficiency and work efficiency, it is necessary to increase crop yield and improve quality while taking into account the impact on the soil.

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention is capable of maintaining a strong deodorizing effect for a long period of time from the time of treatment to after fertilization, and also enables fertilization to be applied immediately after treatment, while maintaining soil properties and composition under conditions suitable for crop growth. We provide a treatment agent and treatment method for converting manure into organic fertilizer that can be set as fertilizer, thereby making it possible to obtain safe, high-quality agricultural products with high yields.At the same time, we promote the use of manure as a bottom fertilizer and reduce the cost of manure treatment. The purpose is to reduce the

Means for Solving the Problems As a means for achieving the above objects, the present invention provides a treatment agent for converting manure into organic fertilizer, which contains ferrous sulfate, sodium L-ascorbate, and fly ash or zeolite powder as main components. This configuration adopts the following configuration. Also,
The method for converting manure into organic fertilizer according to the present invention is characterized in that the above-mentioned treatment agent is added to and mixed with manure.

In addition, in this invention, sodium L-ascorbate is 0.1 to 20% by weight and fly ash or zeolite powder is 20 to 1% by weight based on ferrous sulfate in terms of anhydride.
00% by weight, and the amount of the processing agent added is 30 to 20% by weight per 100U of excrement.
Both of the above treatment methods in which the amount is in the range of 0 g are preferred embodiments.

Specific Structure and Effects of the Invention Ferrous sulfate, which is a component of the treatment agent, is produced in large quantities as a by-product from an inorganic material manufacturing process using sulfur-containing ore as a raw material, such as a titanium dioxide manufacturing process. , heptahydrate (FeSO4-
7H20), it can be done manually at low cost.

However, this ferrous sulfate dissolves in water and produces iron (n) ions (Fe''), so when a treatment agent is added to excrement,
The iron(II) ion reacts with ammonia (NH3) to form Fe"+4NH3→[:Fe (NH3) 4 ) 2
By forming a complex such as +, this complex reacts with a sulfur-containing malodorous component, and fixes the component through Fe-8 bonds, thereby preventing malodors such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and mercaptans. In addition, by fertilizing the manure treated with a treatment agent containing ferrous sulfate as a subfertilizer, the iron that is likely to be deficient in the soil can be replaced with quickly absorbed iron derived from ferrous sulfate (
n), which gives good results to the growth of agricultural crops.

Sodium L-ascorbate is a Na salt of L-ascorbic acid generally known as vitamin C, has the following structural formula, and is a commercially available product that is a white water-soluble fine granular powder granulated with starch paste or the like. It is available as .

CH20)1 aOH This sodium L-ascorbate has a strong antioxidant effect similar to that of L-ascorbic acid, and contains iron (II) ions (Fe2+) derived from the ferrous sulfate through oxidation.
n) In addition to preventing the generation of ions (Fe3), since it is a Na salt, it increases the pH of the treatment agent as a whole and facilitates the formation of the complex (complex formation becomes difficult at pH 3 or below). , functions to increase the deodorizing power and sustainability of ferrous sulfate.

In addition, although manure and urine generally contain various components that cause oxidation and putrefaction, such as undigested food, manure treated with this treatment agent retains L-ascorbic acid even when stored outdoors or after fertilization. The antioxidant effect of sodium prevents oxidative putrefaction and also prevents the occurrence of new bad odors due to such putrefaction.

Furthermore, an important point in this invention is that sodium L-ascorbate has the function of preventing soil acidification, and by fertilizing manure treated with this treatment agent, it can be done without using a special alkalizing agent. It is possible to improve the growth of agricultural crops. On the other hand, when simple L-ascorbic acid, which is not a Na salt, is used, it is not effective in preventing the above-mentioned acidification, and the presence of ferrous sulfate may actually accelerate acidification.

The amount of sodium L-ascorbate is as follows:
0.1 to ferrous sulfate equivalent to anhydride (FeSO+)
The amount is preferably 20% by weight, particularly preferably 0.2 to 5% by weight; if it is too small, all of the above effects will be insufficient, and if it is too large, it will be uneconomical in terms of material cost. In addition, in order to form the above-mentioned complex between iron (II) ions and ammonia, the pH of the treatment solution after addition and mixing of the treatment agent needs to be 3 or more. It is desirable to determine the above blending amount and the amount of processing agent used.

Fly ash is a finely powdered industrial waste collected from the flue gas of coal boilers, and natural zeolite powder is an ore powder known as zeolite that exists in large quantities throughout the country, and both can be obtained at low cost. However, while the former fly ash becomes anhydrous after being heated to a high temperature of about 1200°C, the latter natural zeolite powder contains a large amount of water in its crystals, so it is dried by heating to remove some of the water. Recommended for use.

These fly ash and zeolite powder are
It eliminates the hygroscopicity caused by iron and prevents the processing agent powder from becoming hygroscopic and clumpy, and also contains various mineral components necessary for the growth of agricultural products in the soil, such as PlCa, Mg, KSto2, A breath, B, and Mo.

It functions to supply Mn, SZn, SSe, etc.

Such fly ash and zeolite powder may be used alone or in combination. The blending amount is 20 to 10% relative to ferrous sulfate in terms of anhydride.
It is preferable to set the amount to 0% by weight, particularly preferably about 25 to 50% by weight, and if the amount is too small, the above effects will not be fully exerted.
On the other hand, if the amount is too large, the proportion of the ferrous sulfate component in the treatment agent will be relatively reduced, and a large amount of treatment agent will be required for the treatment.

The organic fertilizer treatment agent of the present invention can be used as it is as a powder mixture of the above-mentioned ferrous sulfate, sodium L-ascorbate, and fly ash or zeolite powder, but it is preferable to use the mixture as is. is heated and dried to form a form in which part of the crystal water of ferrous sulfate is volatilized.

That is, the volatilization of this water of crystallization greatly reduces the hygroscopicity of the powder mixture, which improves the storage stability of the treatment agent, ensures fluidity, and facilitates addition and mixing with excrement.

To carry out organic fertilizer processing, it is sufficient to simply add and mix the above-mentioned processing agent to manure. The amount added is about 30 to 200 g per 100 casts of excrement, for example, 200 to 300 g.
It is sufficient to add 1 to 2 tablespoons to the feces tank at ℃.

The deodorizing effect caused by the above addition is intense, and the pungent odor peculiar to excrement disappears almost instantly, and at the same time, the excrement turns black due to the reaction.

However, the manure collected by boat fishing must be left outdoors for a long period of time to fully ferment before being applied as manure, but according to the treatment method of the present invention, it must be immediately removed after treatment. It becomes possible to apply it as fertilizer. In addition, the deodorizing effect of ferrous sulfate acts continuously and L-
Due to the oxidative rot prevention effect of sodium ascorbate, no bad odor is generated even during field storage of manure and after fertilization.

On the other hand, by applying the above fertilizer, in addition to the original fertilizer effect as a bottom fertilizer, iron and various minerals are supplied to the soil, and acidification of the soil is prevented, so the growth of agricultural crops is significantly promoted. It grows strong and large, making it possible to obtain high-yield, high-quality, safe agricultural products.

The treatment agent and treatment method of the present invention can be applied not only to human excrement but also to converting livestock and poultry excrement into organic fertilizer, but it is particularly effective when applied to human excrement, which is used as bottom manure. be.

Example Hereinafter, this invention will be specifically explained with examples 2 do.

Example 1 Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4.7H20) powder 100
parts by weight, 3 parts by weight of sodium L-ascorbate powder (vitamin C sodium granules 99 manufactured by Narita Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.),
After mixing with 50 parts by weight of fly ash, this mixture was stirred, dried at 80° C., and then crushed to obtain a powdered organic fertilizer treatment agent.

Next, when 150 g of this treatment agent was added to a 200 (vacuum) tank full of excrement and urine and mixed, the foul odor immediately disappeared and the excrement turned black.

After this treatment, the manure was pumped out to obtain a liquid organic fertilizer to be used as bottom manure.

Example 2 An organic fertilizer 3-conversion treatment agent was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 25 parts by weight of natural zeolite powder, which had been heated and dried at 120° C. for 30 minutes, was used instead of fly ash. Next, when this treatment agent was added and mixed into the same feces tank as in Example 1, the bad odor immediately disappeared and the feces and urine turned black. The treated manure was then pumped out to obtain liquid organic fertilizer.

Example 3 A treatment agent was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of sodium L-ascorbate powder was changed to 10 parts by weight, and the amount of fly ash was changed to 100 parts by weight. When this treatment agent was used to treat excreta in the same manner as in Example 1, the same results as in Example 1 were obtained.

Comparative Example 1 Excrement and urine were treated in the same manner as in Example 1 using a powder mixture obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 as a treatment agent except that sodium L-ascorbate powder was not used.

4 Comparative Example 2 Substitute for sodium L-ascorbate powder 1: Using a powder mixture obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the same amount of L-ascorbic acid powder was used as a treatment agent, feces and urine were treated in the same manner as in Example 1. was processed.

The liquid organic fertilizers obtained in the above Examples and Comparative Examples were examined for the presence of odor immediately after being pumped out from the toilet tank and after being left outdoors for a predetermined number of days, and the results shown in Table 1 below were obtained.

Table 1 5 Next, the liquid organic fertilizers immediately after pumping obtained in the above Examples and Comparative Examples and the manure prepared by fermenting untreated manure by leaving it outdoors for 120 days as Reference Example 1 were respectively added. Using the soil as nutrient soil, it was fertilized at a rate of 4Q per ITIt, and the same number of spinach seeds were planted and germinated, and thereafter grown under the same conditions. Then, half of the plants were harvested 7 days after germination, and the rest were harvested 21 days after germination, and the average weight of each plant was measured, and the results shown in Table 2 below were obtained. In addition, Reference Example 2 in the table was grown in nutrient soil without fertilization.

Table 2 6 Effects of the Invention According to the organic fertilizer treatment agent and treatment method of the present invention, using manure as a raw material, it is odorless and resistant to oxidative rot from immediately after treatment to after fertilization, and has excellent handling properties. In addition, a liquid organic fertilizer is provided that not only provides the fertilizer effect of manure but also provides soil with properties and composition that are optimal for growing plants. However,
According to this liquid organic fertilizer, the above-mentioned treatment agent is inexpensive in terms of materials, sufficient treatment can be performed with a small amount added, and the cost of manure itself is equal to zero, so the cost of fertilization is low, and it is less expensive than conventional fertilizers. Unlike manure, it does not require long-term fermentation and can be applied immediately after treatment, and it does not harm the surrounding environment because it does not generate bad odors, and it has many advantages, such as being highly efficient in fertilization and achieving high yields. Therefore, this invention
This will not only greatly contribute to the new development of organic farming methods for producing safe, high-quality crops, but also make it possible to significantly reduce the enormous cost required for conventional human waste treatment.

The organic fertilizer treatment agent according to claim (2) of the present invention has the advantage that each component exhibits its respective effects in just the right amounts. In addition, claim (4) of this invention
According to the organic fertilizer processing method described in ), it is possible to reliably obtain an organic fertilizer that is completely deodorized and can supply sufficient iron and mineral components to the soil.

that's all 8

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A treatment agent for converting manure into organic fertilizer, the main components of which are ferrous sulfate, sodium L-ascorbate, and fly ash or zeolite powder. (2) Sodium L-ascorbate is 0.1 to 20% by weight based on ferrous sulfate in terms of anhydride (FeSO_4)
, fly ash or zeolite powder from 20 to 100
The treatment agent for converting manure into organic fertilizer according to claim (1), wherein the respective amounts are blended in weight%. (3) A method for processing manure into organic fertilizer, which comprises adding and mixing to manure a treatment agent containing ferrous sulfate, sodium L-ascorbate, and fly ash or zeolite powder as main components. (4) The amount of processing agent added is 30 to 2 per 100 liters of excrement.
The method for converting manure into organic fertilizer according to claim 3, wherein the amount is in the range of 0.00 g.