KR100473516B1 - Manufacturing method for soil conditioner by using activated humic substances and clay minerals - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for soil conditioner by using activated humic substances and clay minerals Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
본 발명은 부식물질 중에서 풀브산(Fulvic acid)이 유리의 상태로 유도되어 있으면서 자체산화기능, 산화탈취의 촉매의 기능, 유기물질을 부식물질로 부식화하는 촉매 기능, 토양의 입단구조를 발달시켜 토양을 개량하는 기능 등을 가진 활성부식물질을 이용하여 양질의 토양 개량제를 만드는 것을 목적으로 한다.In the present invention, while fluoric acid (Fulvic acid) is induced in the state of glass among the corrosive substances by developing the self-oxidation function, the function of the catalyst of oxidative deodorization, the catalyst function to corrode organic material to the corrosive substance, It aims to make high quality soil improver by using active corrosive material with the function of improving soil.
이를 위하여 부식물질 중에서 풀브산의 농도가 높은 해양성 규조류, 플랑크톤(Plankton), 해초와 같은 해양성 동·식물이 퇴적되어 생성된 이탄(토탄)에 산을 가해서 pH를 2.0∼2.5로 조정하여 풀브산을 유리의 상태로 유도한 다음 과산화수소(H2O2)와 황산제일철(FeSO4)을 가해서 산화환원전위(ORP) 값이 +350∼+400mV로 조정해서 과산화풀브산(Peroxyfulvic acid)으로 반응한 후 활성화 미네랄(Minerals) 성분이 많은 알로페인(Allophane)질 광물의 분말을 혼합하여 킬레이트(Chelate)성 과산화풀브산 미네랄착염인 활성부식물질을 제조한 것이나 일본 나가사키현(長崎縣)의 가라고(唐比)의 함몰된 습지에서 채굴되는 천연산 활성부식물질에 필요에 따라서는 과산화수소와 황산제일철을 가해서 산화환원전위 값을 향상시켜 활성도를 높인 활성부식물질을 토양 개량제로 퇴비화 공정이나 토양에 공급하여 토양을 개량한다.To this end, acid is added to peat (peat) formed by depositing marine animals and plants such as marine diatoms, plankton, and seaweed, which have high concentrations of fulvic acid, and adjust the pH to 2.0-2.5. After induction into the glass state, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and ferrous sulfate (FeSO 4 ) were added to adjust the redox potential (ORP) to +350 to +400 mV, followed by reaction with peroxyfulvic acid. A mixture of powders of allophane-like minerals with high levels of activated minerals was used to produce an active corrosive, a chelate pulpate peroxide mineral complex, or Kago, Nagasaki, Japan. If necessary, the active corrosive material, which has been increased in the active wetted material from the decaying wetland, is increased by adding hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulfate to increase the redox potential value, and then compost it as a soil improver. And supplied to the process or the soil to improve the soil.
특이한 사항은 일반 무기 토양개량제에 비해서 작물과 토양미생물 생육에 필요한 미네랄 공급능력이 뛰어나며, 양이온교환용량(CEC)의 향상, 유용미생물의 대사활동의 증진효과 같은 우수한 장점이 있기 때문에 토양 개량제로 널리 보급 될 것으로 기대한다.Of particular note is that it has a superior mineral supply capacity for growing crops and soil microorganisms compared to general inorganic soil modifiers, and is widely used as a soil improver because it has excellent advantages such as improving cation exchange capacity (CEC) and enhancing metabolic activity of useful microorganisms. Expect to be.
Description
본 발명은 풀브산(Fulvic acid) 및 금속착체(金屬錯)가 유리의 상태로 유도되어 있으면서 산화효소가 함유되어 있어 자체의 산화기능, 산화탈취의 촉매의 기능, 유기물질의 부식화반응에서 촉매기능, 동·식물에 미네랄 공급기능 등을 가진 활성부식물과 활성화 미네랄(Minerals)성분이 많은 점토광물을 이용하여 양질의 토양개량제를 만드는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention Fulvic acid (Fulvic acid) and metal complex (金 屬 錯 ) Is induced in the free state and contains oxidase, which has its own oxidizing function, its function as a catalyst for oxidative deodorization, its catalytic function in the corrosive reaction of organic substances, and the supply of minerals to animals and plants. The present invention relates to a method for making a good soil improver using clay minerals containing a lot of activated minerals.
일본 공개특허공보 평(平) 5-345691호에서는 활성부식물질을 이용한 유기성 폐수의 처리공정에서 발생되는 잉여 부식오니를 토양개량제로 사용하였으나 폐수처리과정에서 부식오니 중 산화효소와 기타 활성화물질이 물에 유실되었기 때문에 활성도가 매우 낮아 토양개량 효과가 적기 때문에 실용화되지 못하였다.In Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 5-345691, the excess corrosion sludge generated in the treatment process of organic wastewater using active corrosive substance was used as soil improving agent. Due to the loss of the activity, the activity was very low and the soil improvement effect was not practical.
일본 나가사키현(長崎縣)의 해안가 가라고(唐比) 함몰(陷沒)습지에서 채굴되는 부식물질(이탄, 토탄)의 경우 인근 운젠(雲仙) 활화산군에서 분출된 대사이드(Dacite)질의 화산회와 해양성 규조류, 플랑크톤(Plahkton), 해초와 같은 해양성 동·식물의 사체와 수생식물의 사체가 함께 퇴적되어 생성된 부식물질로서 대사이드질화산회 중 활성화된 규소(SiO2), 알루미나(Al2O3) 등이 물과 가수분해반응에 의해서 수소이온(H+)이 방출되면서 산성화되면서 풀브산이 유리상태로 유도되었으며, 유리상태의 풀브산은 유기물질이 부식화 과정에서 생성된 과산화수소(H2O2)와 반응하여 과산화풀브산(Peroxyfulvic acid)이 생성되었으며, 이 과산화풀브산은 대사이드질 광물 중 활성화된 미네랄과 반응하여 킬레이트성 과산화풀브산 미네랄착염의 형태의 활성부식물질로 되었다.활성부식물질(活性腐植物質)은 부식물질 중에서 반응성이 우수한 페놀성수산기와 카르복시기가 많으면서 양이온이나 음이온의 흡착치환능력이 우수한 부식물질을 말하며, 이와 같은 활성부식물질이 천연적으로 출토되는 곳은 전술한 일본의 나가사키현(長崎縣)의 가라고저습지(唐比低濕地), 나가노현(長野縣)의 가지오(鹿鹽), 캐나다, 페루 등 특정지역에서 출토되고 있으며, 이 활성부식물질의 특성, 화학성분의 조성 등에 관해서는 토양유기물(土壤有機物, 菅野 一郞외 3인 공역, 社團法人 農山漁村文化協會), 자연정화의 실제(自然淨化處理技術の實際. うかい 信義. 依田 亮 著. 地人書館), 식품산업을 위한 최신바이오수처리기술(食品産業のための最新バイオ水處理技術 恒星社厚生閣), 축산의 연구(畜産の硏究 第46券 第4號(1992年) PP11∼14 및 第47券 第9號(1993年) PP72∼74) 등에 상세히 기술되어 있다.In the case of corrosive material (peat, peat) mined from the Kago Recessed Wetland in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan, the volcanic ash of the seaside discharged from the nearby Unzen active volcano Carcasses of marine animals and plants, such as marine diatoms, Plankton, and seaweeds, along with carcasses of aquatic plants, are deposited together and activated silicon (SiO 2 ) and alumina (Al 2 O 3) ), Etc., acidified by the release of hydrogen ions (H + ) by water and hydrolysis reaction, and fulvic acid was induced into the free state, and the free state of fulvic acid was hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) produced during the corrosive process of organic substances. Peroxyfulvic acid is produced by reaction with the active corrosive substance in the form of chelate fulb peroxide mineral complex by reacting with activated minerals in the coarse mineral. An active corrosive substance refers to a corrosive substance having a high reactivity among phenolic hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups, and having excellent adsorptive substitution ability of cations or anions, and where such active corrosive substances are naturally released. Has been excavated in certain areas such as the Garago Low Wetlands in Nagasaki Prefecture in Japan, Gajio in Nagano Prefecture, Canada and Peru. The characteristics of the substances, the composition of chemical components, etc.地 人 地 館), The Latest Biowater Treatment Technology for the Food Industry, Livestock Research, and Livestock Research (畜産 の 硏 究 券 46 券 第 4 號 (1992 年) PP11-14 and (1993 pp. 72-74) and the like.
이와 같은 활성부식물질은 토양에서 다음과 같은 기능을 가지고 있다.Such active corrosive has the following functions in soil.
1)토양의 입단구조(粒團構造)를 발달시키므로 보수력을 향상시키면서 통기성을 향상시킨다.1) It improves the breathability while improving water retention ability by developing the grain structure of soil.
2)양이온교환용량(CEC ; Cation exchange capacity) 용량이 증가되므로서 영양분의 저장능력이 향상된다.2) Cation exchange capacity (CEC) capacity is increased to improve the storage capacity of nutrients.
3)유기물질의 부식화속도를 향상시키면서 양질의 토양을 만들다.3) Create high quality soil while improving the rate of corrosion of organic materials.
활성부식물질은 유기물질을 부식화하는 토양미생물에 미네랄 공급능력이 우수하여 부식화 미생물의 생육을 활발하게 하며, 자체 산화기능이 있어 부식화미생물의 대사산물인 폴리페놀화합물을 퀴논(Quinone)화한물로 신속히 산화시키므로서 부식화속도를 향상시키며, 토양의 광물질과 반응하여 킬레이트(Chelate)성유기산착염상태로 되면서 토양의 입단구조를 개선하여 보수성과 통기성이 우수한 양질의 토양을 만든다.Active corrosive material has excellent mineral supply ability to soil microorganisms that corrode organic materials, and it promotes the growth of corrosive microorganisms, and has its own oxidation function to quinoneize polyphenol compounds, metabolites of corrosive microorganisms. It rapidly oxidizes to the water and improves the corrosion rate, and reacts with the minerals of the soil to become a chelate organic phosphate salt, and improves the grain structure of the soil to create high-quality soil with excellent water retention and breathability.
4)식물생육에 유용한 유용미생물이 생육할 수 있는 환경분위기를 제공하여 주무로서 토양의 정균작용이 일어난다.4) The bacteriostatic action of the soil occurs as a main apron by providing an environmental atmosphere for the growth of useful microorganisms useful for plant growth.
5)토양의 산성화 등 토양반응에 완충작용을 한다.5) It buffers soil reactions such as soil acidification.
6)녹색식물에 탄소동화작용을 돕는다.6) Helps carbon assimilation on green plants.
7)작물의 뿌리에 보온효과가 있어 냉해방지가 된다.7) It has a heat insulation effect on the roots of crops to prevent cold damage.
8)인(P)고정을 억제한다.8) Suppress phosphorus (P) fixation.
본 발명의 목적은 전술한 활성부식물질을 풀브산 함량이 높은 이탄이나 천연산 활성부식물질과 활성화 미네랄성분이 많은 점토광물을 이용하여 양질의 토양개량제를 만드는 것이다.An object of the present invention is to make a good soil improving agent using the above-mentioned active corrosive material peat or carboxylic acid having high fulvic acid content and clay minerals with a lot of active minerals.
상기의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 풀브산(Fulvic acid) 함량이 높은 해안지역에서 해양성 규조류, 플랑크톤, 해초와 같은 해양성 동·식물이나 수생식물의 사체가 퇴적되어 생성된 이탄(토탄)에 산(酸)을 가해서 pH를 2이하로 조정하여 풀브산을 유리(游離)의 상태로 유도(誘導)한 다음에 과산화수소(H2O2)와 황산제일철(FeSO4)을 당량 대 당량으로 가해서 산화환원전위(ORP)값이 +350mV∼+400mV범위의 과산화풀브산(Peroxyfulvic acid)으로 전환된 부식물질을 만들고, 활성미네랄(Activated minerals)성분이 많은 유문암질이나 대사이드질의 화산회 분말이나 이들 광물질의 부석을 분쇄한 분말 또는 석탄회(Fly-ash)를 pH=2.0∼3.0의 산성수용액에서 90∼100℃로 가열교반 반응을 하여 비정질함수(非晶質含水)의 점토(粘土)인 알로페인(Allophane)질로 전환하여 미네랄성분을 활성화한 광물질 등과 과산화풀브산으로 전환한 부식물질을 유기물질/무기물질의 비가 0.6 ~ 1.2의 비율로 혼합하여 교반한 다음에 3개월 이상 방치하여 과산화풀브산미네랄착염 형태의 인공활성부식물질을 만든다.미네랄성분을 활성화한 광물질과 과산화풀브산으로 전환한 부식물질의 최적의 혼합비율은 유기물질/무기물질의 비가 0.8 ~ 1.0의 범위이다.In order to achieve the above objectives, peat is produced by depositing carcasses of marine animals, plants and aquatic plants, such as marine diatoms, plankton and seaweeds, in coastal areas with high Fulvic acid content. The pH is adjusted to 2 or less by induction to induce fulvic acid to a free state, and then hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and ferrous sulfate (FeSO 4 ) are added in equivalent weight equivalents to the redox potential ( ORP) is converted to peroxyfulvic acid in the range of + 350mV to + 400mV, and pulverized rhyolite or large volcanic ash powder or pumice of these minerals with high active minerals A powder or fly ash was heated and stirred at 90 to 100 ° C. in an acidic aqueous solution having a pH of 2.0 to 3.0 to convert it into an allophane, an clay of an amorphous function. Activated minerals Corrosive substances converted into fulbric peroxide and the like are mixed and mixed at an organic / inorganic material ratio of 0.6 to 1.2, and left to stand for at least 3 months to form artificially active corrosive substances in the form of mineral complex salts of fulbrate peroxide. The optimal mixing ratio of activated minerals and corrosive substances converted to fulb peroxide ranges from 0.8 to 1.0.
산화환원전위(ORP)값이 +250mV이하로 낮은 천연활성부식물질의 경우에는 과산화수소(H2O2)와 황산제일철(FeSO4)을 가해서 산화환원전위(ORP)값을 +350mV ∼ +400mV로 조정하여 활성도를 증가시킨다.In the case of naturally active corrosive substances having a low ORP value of less than +250 mV, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and ferrous sulfate (FeSO 4 ) are added to reduce the ORP value from +350 mV to +400 mV. Adjust to increase activity.
이상에서 생산된 활성부식물질과 질석(Virmiculite), 몽모릴로나이트(Montmorillonite), 천매암(千枚岩) 등의 혼합물을 퇴비화공정에 공급하여 생산된 퇴비를 토양개량제로 사용한다.이때 활성부식물질은 유입되는 전체량을 기준으로 하여 0.01 ~ 0.5wt% 정도 혼합하고, 질석, 몽모릴로나이트, 천매암 등은 완숙퇴비에서 유기물질의 농도가 농림부 부산물비료규격인 25wt%이상 되는 범위에서 사용목적에 따라서 혼합량을 결정한다.The compost produced by supplying the above-mentioned mixture of active corrosive material, vermiculite, montmorillonite and cheonmaestone to the composting process is used as soil improving agent. 0.01 ~ 0.5wt% is mixed based on the total amount of inflow, and vermiculite, montmorillonite, and cheonmaeam are mixed in accordance with the purpose of use in the range that the concentration of organic substance in mature compost is 25wt% or more by-product fertilizer standard of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. Determine.
[실시 예1]Example 1
양돈장에서 배출되는 탈수된 돈분(함수율 76%) 100부에 팽운제로 톱밥 25부, 이탄 10부, 반송퇴비 10부, 천매암 1부에 활성부식토 0.5부를 혼합하여 퇴비화 결과 악취발생은 거의 없었으며, 25일경에 부숙도가 92%에 도달하였다.100 parts of dehydrated pig meal (water content 76%) discharged from pig farms was mixed with 25 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of peat, 10 parts of return compost, and 0.5 parts of activated corrosive soil in 1 part of natural rock. By day 25, maturity had reached 92%.
이 때 양이온교환용량(CEC)이 80meq/100g인 양질의 퇴비가 생산되었다.At this time, a good compost with a cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 80 meq / 100 g was produced.
[실시 예2]Example 2
100평당 150kg의 활성부식토를 뿌린 후 1개월 후에 고추를 파종한 결과 일반 전답에 비해서 10∼15% 정도의 생산량 증가효과가 있으면서 탄저병, 엽병과 같은 식물성 병해는 발생하지 않았다.One month after sowing 150 kg of activated caustic soil per 100 pyeong, red pepper was sown, resulting in a 10-15% increase in yield compared to the general answer, and no plant diseases such as anthrax or leaf disease occurred.
전술한 기술내용으로부터 자명하듯이, 활성부식토는 소량을 토양에 살포하여도 토양의 개량효과와 생산량 증대효과가 있으며, 퇴비화공정에도 소량을 공급하여도 악취발생의 저감, 부속기간의 단축으로 시설비 및 운영비용의 절감 등의 효과와 함께 양질의 퇴비가 생산될 수 있기 때문에 퇴비화공정 및 토양개량제로서 널리 보급될 것으로 기대한다.As is apparent from the above description, activated corrosive soil has the effect of improving the soil and increasing the yield even by spraying a small amount on the soil, and even by supplying a small amount to the composting process, it can reduce the occurrence of odor and shorten the period of attachment. It is expected to be widely used as a composting process and soil improving agent because high quality compost can be produced with the effect of reducing the operating cost.
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