JPH03107038A - Constructing method for structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the productivity of constructing work by constructing a structure along core parts constructed for fixed layers from its highest part on the ground, and pushing up a constructed part using a weight lifting means in a state where it attains a fixed height and can stand for itself, and repeating these works. CONSTITUTION:A core part 1 is constructed using an automatically rising formwork consisting of a provisional part, a formwork part, a jack and a bracket, and a jack 12 is also installed at a position where a pillar 13 of a building is vertically set. After the advanced construction of the core part 1 for two layers, beams 14 and pillars 13 for three layers are simultaneously constructed from the highest part of the building, and a pillar bottom formwork and a pillar formwork are arranged on the above constructed part, and concrete is deposited for the pillar 13 and a slab 24. At a stage where the concrete becomes so hard that the pillar can stand for itself, the jack 12 is extended to push up one layer of a structural body, and the constructing work for lower floors is continued in order, and these works are repeated. Thus the productivity of the constructing work can be improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method of constructing an architectural/civil engineering structure, and particularly to a method of constructing a structure that can improve the productivity of construction work.

"Conventional technologies and their issues" The productivity of construction work for architectural and civil engineering structures has lagged far behind that of other technical fields, and combined with the recent labor shortage phenomenon, Improving the productivity of construction work has become a major challenge.

One of the factors that hinders the improvement of productivity in construction work of structures is the peculiarity of the construction workpieces of architectural and civil engineering structures.

For example, when constructing a multi-story building, construction is generally carried out from the bottom floor upwards, and therefore construction work is always performed on the top floor of the part that has been completed at that point.

For this reason, in times of rain or strong winds, workers are exposed to dangerous conditions or are forced to stop work, resulting in the progress of work being greatly influenced by the weather.

In addition, temporary materials such as formwork and temporary machinery need to be moved or stacked on top of each other as the work progresses, which requires a lot of effort and time, including the final disassembly and removal. In addition, the work itself is often dangerous. Naturally, it is necessary to transport materials to the upper floors one after another as the work progresses, and the transport work requires a lot of effort and time, and its management becomes complicated.

Furthermore, when attempting to mechanize construction work to improve productivity, it is necessary to have machines that can respond to changes in the work site as described above, but automated machines such as commonly used welding robots are necessary. However, there are many problems in its application in terms of portability and flexible response to changes in work conditions. Therefore, in order to promote mechanization, there is no choice but to use specialized machinery for each construction site, or to use machines that have been added with advanced functions to ensure versatility, which is impractical due to high costs. .

In recent years, with the aim of solving such issues, 1
A construction method called the jack-up construction method has been proposed, in which a structure is built from the top of the floor and then jacked up one by one to proceed with construction to the lower floors. According to this construction method, the construction work of the structure can be always performed at a fixed position, and the time and effort of transporting equipment can be significantly reduced, thereby improving the productivity of the construction work of the structure. However, because the structure is being jacked up, there is a disconnect between the structure and the ground during construction.
Actual application is difficult because there is a risk of horizontal movement or overturning when horizontal force such as earthquake force is applied.

This invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a method for constructing a structure that can improve the productivity of construction work and can also cope with horizontal forces even during construction work.

``Means for Solving the Problems'' Therefore, the present invention is to construct a core part of a structure by a predetermined number of layers from the bottom to the top, and to build the structure on the ground from the top along this core part. When the constructed part reaches a predetermined height below the construction height of the core part and becomes self-supporting, this constructed part is pushed upward by a lifting means and connected to the lower part of the constructed part that has been further pushed up. The above-mentioned problem is solved by a structure construction method characterized in that the construction of the entire structure is completed by sequentially repeating the step of constructing directly below the construction part on the ground and the pushing up step.

"Embodiments" Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 to 15 are diagrams showing an embodiment in which the method for constructing a structure of the present invention is applied to a method for constructing a multi-story building. The steps will be explained below in order.

(i) Construction of Core Section As shown in FIG. 2, construction of the core section 1 provided at the center of the building is started prior to the construction of the other parts of the building.

The construction height of the core part 1 is arbitrary, but if it is about one layer, the support of the frame against the horizontal force during construction, which will be described later, will be weakened, and on the other hand, if too many layers are constructed in advance. The advantage of this construction method, which is to shorten the construction period, is diminished. Therefore, it is preferable to construct approximately two layers in advance. Note that the lower end of the core portion I is buried in the ground G.

The construction method for the core part l is arbitrary, and as is well known in the past, reinforcing bars are assembled into a rectangular shape, the inside and outside of the reinforcing bars are surrounded by formwork, and concrete is poured into this formwork to form a reinforced concrete core. Part 1 may be constructed. In this embodiment, the core section 1 is constructed using a self-rising formwork 2 as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.

This self-rising formwork 2 includes a temporary support 3 erected in a substantially vertical direction, a formwork part 4 movably attached along this support 3, and a formwork part 4 disposed above the formwork part 4. Jasoki 5
and a bracket 6 disposed above the jack 5 and movable along the support column 3.

Further, the formwork part 4 extends downward from the frame 7 located below the jack 5 and from the lower front and rear (left and right in FIG. 8) of the lower part of the frame 7, and is rotatably supported by the frame 7. A pair of yokes 8, 8 and weir plates 9, 9 provided on opposing surfaces of these yokes 8, 8, respectively.
, demolding jacks to, to protruding toward the opposing yokes 8, 8, and these demolding jacks 10, 1.
The rod 1l is rotatably connected between the two ends.

Incidentally, the jack 5 and the frame 7, the jack 5 and the bracket 6, the bracket 6 and the support column 3, and the frame 7 and the support column 3 can be connected and fixed with bolts or the like, respectively. Further, the distance between the weir plates 9, 9 is set to be equal to the wall thickness of the core portion l to be constructed with these weir plates 9 disposed parallel to each other.

In order to construct the core part l using the self-rising formwork 2 having the structure described above, the frame 7 is fixed to the pillar 3 and the bracket 6 is made movable relative to the pillar 3, and then the jack 5 is After raising only the bracket 6 by extending it, conversely fix the bracket 6 to the column 3 and make the frame 7 movable relative to the column 3, and then shorten the jack 5 to raise the frame 7. That is, the entire formwork portion 4 is raised to form a gap for concrete pouring between the weir plates 9, 9. And these weir plates 9, 9
After placing reinforcing bars in between, concrete is poured, and after waiting for the concrete to harden, the above-mentioned formwork part 4 raising process is performed, and by repeating these concrete pouring process and formwork part 4 raising process, The core portion l is constructed toward the top. After the construction of the core portion 1 for two layers is completed, the in-core slab 31 is constructed so as to close the upper end thereof.

In addition, prior to the frame construction work to be described later, as shown in FIG. 3, jacks (lifting means N2, l2, . . . ) are also installed on the ground where the pillars of the building are to be erected. These jacks 12, . . . are used during the process of raising the building frame, which will be described later, and require the ability to lift up almost the entire building frame when building the lowest floor. However, in the case of a building of about 10 stories, it is sufficient to generate a load of about 100 ft, and a well-known hydraulic jack or the like can be suitably applied.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, a slab formwork 23 and a core slab formwork 32 are installed.

As shown in FIGS. 16 to 18, this slab formwork 23 includes a rectangular plate-shaped deck plate 51 arranged in a plane surrounded by beams 11, . . . located on the same floor;
It consists of a similarly rectangular plate-shaped wavy plate 52 arranged on this deck plate 51 and buried in the lower surface of the slab 24,
This slab formwork 23 is supported by columns 54, . . . from the bottom of the underground section 2 via temporary beams 53, 53.

In this embodiment, since the step of constructing the slab 24 is carried out later than the step of constructing columns and beams, which will be described later, the slab formwork 23 is placed two layers above the ground. Similarly, the core slab formwork 32 also has supports 33,...
through the tower of the building (see Figures 14 and 15)
are spaced apart upwardly by a protrusion height.

(ii) Start of frame construction After constructing the core part 1 for about two layers in advance, construct the frame such as columns and beams from the top of the building along this core part 1, as shown in Figure 4. Start working. The building of this embodiment employs a so-called center core structure, and the core portion 1 is located approximately at the center of the building when viewed from above. However, it goes without saying that even a single core structure can be used in accordance with this embodiment.

The pillars and beams that make up the building frame can be arbitrarily selected from well-known columns and beams such as steel-frame construction, reinforced concrete construction, or steel-frame reinforced concrete construction, but in this example, the column 13 is constructed of reinforced concrete construction, 14 is said to be of steel frame construction.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, main reinforcements l5, 15, . . . extending in the vertical direction, and tie reinforcements l6, . is buried in a square column-shaped concrete l7 to form a column l3, while a beam l4 is made of H-beam steel. For this reason, a special joint member 18 is provided at the joint section where the pillar l3 and the beam l4 intersect.

As shown in FIG. 10, this joint member 18 includes a mounting member 19 formed of H-beam steel having the same cross-sectional shape as the beam l4 and crossed in a cross shape in a plan view, and a mounting member 19 that is the same as the pillar l3. It is roughly constructed from a rectangular cylindrical end box 20 that surrounds the center of the mounting member 19 with its width, and a rectangular plate-shaped housing bottom form 2l that closes the top or bottom surface of the end box 20. . Through holes 22, . . . are bored in the column bottom form 21 at positions corresponding to the main reinforcing bars 15, .

Therefore, the beams 14, . . . are joined from all sides of the mounting member 19, and the main reinforcing bars 15, . By pouring concrete l7 into the box 20, the pillar 13
and the beam 14 are joined.

Now, after the above-mentioned foundation work is completed, as shown in Fig. 10, the residential bottom formwork 2l is placed on top of the jack l2,... installed on the ground, and then the Place the joint member l8. Then, after the joint members 18, . . . are disposed on the jacks 12, . . ., these joint members 18, .

Also, during the initial construction work, use the jack l described later.
For the purpose of omitting the push-up process by 2, . That is, the beam 14 constitutes the roof, and the beams 14, 14 constitute the top floor and the floors below it. Therefore, there is a beam l4 placed directly above the jack l2,...and a beam l4, placed one or two layers upward from the joint member l8,... . . . and a joint member l8, . . . are arranged.

The beams l4, . . . and the joint members l8, . . . may be supported by the supports 34, . In addition, a beam (not shown) is installed in a ring shape in a portion in contact with the core portion 1 so as to surround the core portion 1 .

These shishaguchi members 18, l arranged in parallel in the vertical direction
Main reinforcement 15 cut slightly longer than 1 layer between 8...
- are arranged and their upper and lower parts are fixed to the company bottom formworks 2l and 21. Furthermore, on the outer periphery of the main reinforcement l5,...
... and then wrap the column formwork 26 around it.
・Deploy. At the same time, reinforcing bars 27, . . . for the slab 24 are placed on the temporary pedestal 23, . In this state, concrete for pillars 13 and slabs 24 is poured,
At the stage when a predetermined strength has been developed, the column formwork 26, . . . is demolded. In addition, for concrete pouring of column 3, for example, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12, a through hole 28 is provided in the column 13 on the upper floor that communicates with the column formwork 26. , a method of pouring through the through hole 28 can be mentioned.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the side wall portion of the tower 35, which is the upper end of the core portion l, is also constructed at the same time. Since it is difficult to use the above-mentioned automatic climbing formwork to construct this tower 35, it is difficult to use the above-mentioned automatic climbing formwork, so it is difficult to use the above-mentioned automatic climbing formwork, so it is necessary to assemble cylindrical reinforcing bars and surround the inside and outside with formwork, and then pour concrete, as in normal tower construction. construction method is adopted. In this case, a separation is made between the tower house 35 and the already constructed core part l.

(iii) When the building frame has been hardened to the point where it can function independently,
As shown in Figure 6, the building frame is pushed up one layer.

First, as shown in FIG. 5, the jacks 12, . . . are slightly extended, and then the tower 35 is connected to the frame of the already constructed building.

After this, as shown in Figure 13 (a), Jano beef l2,
... is further extended by a predetermined length. Next, the same figure (mouth)
As shown in FIG.
6,... and then shorten the jacks l2,... to their original positions as shown in FIG. Auxiliary material 37,
Insert... Then repeat the above process,
At the stage when the building frame has been pushed up by one layer as shown in Figure (2), the jacks 6, ... are shortened to their original positions and the auxiliary members 37, ... are moved up, as shown in Figure (E). Remove everything.

Incidentally, since the slab formwork 23, . . . is supported on the ground via the supports 25, .

(Construction V) Continuation of construction work Once the process of raising the building frame is completed, as shown in Figure 6, the columns 13, beams 14 and slab 24 corresponding to the floor immediately below the already constructed part are constructed. Do the work. When the construction of the columns 13, beams 14, and slabs 24 is completed, the structure is pushed up using jacks l2, . . . as described above, and these steps are repeated.
As shown in Figures 7 to 7, construction work continues on the lower floors one after another.

In this way, the framework of the building is constructed mainly on the first floor above ground, and the parts that have been constructed are successively pushed upwards, so exterior wall work, equipment work, and finishing work are carried out on the second floor above ground. All you have to do is decide on the work floor on the upper floor.

For example, if the stairs are made of steel, the stairs installation work may be performed on the second floor above ground. On the other hand, when the staircase is made of reinforced concrete, it is preferable to place only the bottom form on the ground, as in the case of the slab 24 described above, so that the form can be automatically removed during the process of pushing up the building frame.

In this way, construction work on the slab 24, exterior walls, and stairs was carried out on the second floor above ground, partition wall, window, electrical, and equipment work was carried out on the third floor above ground, and ceiling, electrical, and equipment work was carried out on the fourth floor above ground. If the process of building construction work progresses as one moves up to the upper floors, such as completing floor finishing work on the 5th floor, work on each floor can be done in parallel, resulting in great efficiency. It is true. Furthermore, by fixing the work on each floor, the allocation of materials and personnel becomes clearer, and management becomes easier.

Note that a temporary lift may be provided in the core section 1 and the materials may be transported to each floor sequentially by this temporary lift. In particular, in this embodiment, heavy steel frames, reinforcing bars, etc. can be suspended to the ground, and therefore only a small temporary lift can be used. Furthermore, in construction work for general buildings, if the work schedule for each floor is determined as described above, most of the work can be completed up to the 5th floor, so the number of floors where temporary lifts need to be installed is small. It's done.

By repeating the above process, the building frame construction work is completed up to the first floor above ground, temporary equipment such as formwork is removed, and the electricity, equipment, and finishing work described above is completed. , the construction work of the building 40 as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 is completed.

As described above, in this embodiment, the work of constructing the frame of the building 40 is carried out on the first floor above ground, and the construction is started from the top of the building 40, and the jacks 12 are sequentially installed from the completed part.
, . . . are used to push up the building frame, and the construction work of the building 40 is progressed sequentially to the lower floors. Therefore, each work, including work other than building the frame, can be performed at a constant position at all times. Moreover, since each work is performed at a low location such as the first floor above ground, there is no need to rearrange, stack, or even dismantle and remove temporary materials such as formwork and temporary machinery. It can greatly contribute to improving work productivity. Since each work can be performed in a fixed position in this way, for example, welding robots can be permanently installed on the first floor above ground to automate welding work, making it a reality to introduce automated machines to each work. It can be done.

Additionally, workers can work from a position close to the ground without having to climb to the top floor as in the past, making it easier to ensure safety.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the work position can be fixed, the material delivery process can be kept constant throughout the construction work of the building 40, reducing labor and time, and making management easier. Become something. In particular, in this example, the frame construction work is carried out on the first floor above the ground, so materials such as steel frames and reinforcing bars can be brought in by horizontal movement from transport trucks, unlike conventional construction of heavy parts such as steel frames. Since there is no need to lift the steel frames to the upper floor, it is possible to transport the steel frames etc. using a crane equipped with a truck.

Moreover, in this embodiment, construction starts from the top of the building 40, so that time-consuming work such as rooftop waterproofing and construction of a tower can be completed with plenty of time.

In this embodiment, the core part l is constructed prior to constructing the frame of the building 40, and even if a horizontal force such as an earthquake force acts during the frame construction work or the work of pushing up the frame, the core part l Due to the presence of the structure, the frame under construction is supported by the ground, and there is no fear of horizontal movement or overturning of the building 40, allowing safe construction. Moreover, after connecting the tower house 35 and the frame,
The area where construction work will be carried out is covered by the roof of the building, which has the advantage of allowing work to be carried out regardless of the weather.

Note that the structure construction method of the present invention is not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and various modifications are possible. As an example, in the above embodiment, the columns are made of reinforced concrete and the beams are made of steel, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the beams may be made of reinforced concrete, for example. In this case, it is preferable to provide a bottom formwork for the beam on the first floor above ground, as in the case of the slab 24 and stairs described above, so that the molding can be automatically removed by the process of pushing up the frame.

``Effects of the Invention'' As described in detail above, the present invention constructs the core part of a structure by a predetermined number of layers from the bottom to the top, and builds the structure on the ground along this core part. The constructed part is constructed from the top, and when the constructed part reaches a predetermined height lower than the construction height of the core part and becomes self-supporting, this constructed part is pushed upward by a lifting means, and the constructed part that has been pushed up further is This method of constructing a structure is characterized in that the construction of the entire structure is completed by sequentially repeating the step of connecting it to the lower part and constructing directly below this construction part on the ground, and the pushing up step. All work, including work other than construction work, can be performed in a fixed position at all times.

Moreover, since the construction work of the structure is carried out on the ground, there is no need to replace, stack, or even dismantle and remove temporary materials such as formwork and temporary equipment, which greatly improves work productivity. I can contribute. Furthermore, since the working position can be fixed, the work can be automated by permanently installing an automated machine at each working position. Additionally, workers can work from a position close to the ground without having to climb to the top floor as in the past, making it easier to ensure safety.

Furthermore, by fixing the working position, the material delivery process can be kept constant throughout the construction work of the structure.
This saves time and effort, and makes management easier. In particular, in this invention, since the construction work of the structure is carried out on the ground, materials such as steel frames and reinforcing bars can be brought in by horizontally moving them from trucks etc. using cranes etc. Because there is no need to lift it to the upper floor,
It is possible to carry in materials with a truck equipped with a crane.

Furthermore, since construction starts from the top of the structure in this invention, time-consuming work such as rooftop waterproofing can be carried out with plenty of time.

In this invention, the core part is constructed before constructing the frame of the structure, and even if horizontal forces such as seismic force act during the construction of the frame or during the work of pushing up the frame, the presence of the core allows the structure to be constructed. The inner frame is supported by the ground, allowing safe construction without the risk of horizontal movement or overturning of the structure. Moreover, since construction starts from the top of the structure, the above-ground part where construction work is performed is covered by the roof of the structure.
Another advantage is that construction work can be carried out without worrying about the weather.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 15 are diagrams for explaining a method of constructing a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a state in the middle of construction, and The figure is a sectional view showing the order of the process, FIG. 8 is a front view showing the automatic lifting formwork, FIG. 9 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the method of arranging reinforcing bars, FIG.
Figure 4 is a front view of the building constructed according to this example, and
Figure 5 is a plan view of the same, Figures 16 to 18 are diagrams showing the temporary gantry taken out, Figure 16 is a plan view,
Figure 7 is a sectional view taken along line A-A' in Figure 16, and Figure 18
The figure is a sectional view taken along line BB' in FIG. 16. l...Core part, 2...Automatic rising formwork,
4... Formwork part, l 2... Jack (lifting means), l 3... Column, 1 4... Beam, 24... ...Slab, 35...Tower, 4 O...Building.

Claims (1)

[Claims] The core part of the structure is constructed from the bottom to the top by a predetermined number of layers, and the structure is constructed on the ground along this core part from the top, so that the constructed part is below the construction height of the core part. a step of pushing this construction part upward by a lifting means when it has reached a predetermined height and is able to stand on its own, and connecting it to the lower part of the construction part that has been pushed up further to construct directly below this construction part on the ground; A method for constructing a structure, characterized in that the construction of the entire structure is completed by sequentially repeating the pushing-up process.