JPH0437893B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a method of constructing a building made of reinforced concrete, and more specifically, a method of constructing walls and each floor slab when the building has a wall structure, and a construction method therefor. This relates to construction equipment used for construction. In general, wall-type structures have relatively little change in the planar configuration of each floor from the lower floors to the upper floors, and are a method adopted for medium-to-high-rise buildings. Because it can be replaced by combinations, the field is characterized by formwork planning and construction methods when constructing reinforced concrete, which is the main material. Therefore, the so-called prefabricated construction method, in which the formwork is standardized and manufactured in a factory, is often used.
On the other hand, for individual independent buildings that do not have the conditions for mass production, the construction method using cast-in-place concrete remains one of the mainstream methods. BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY In concrete work, planning of scaffolding associated with formwork work becomes an important process problem, especially when using the cast-in-place method. For high-rise and medium-rise wall-type buildings, the concrete formwork on the inside and outside surfaces, the internal scaffolding, and the external scaffolding are planned as one unit.
Normally, as construction progresses one floor at a time, the formwork with scaffolding is raised in accordance with the concrete pouring process, or under special circumstances, the formwork is raised continuously. has been adopted. That is,
By having the wall part supported by the existing part and moving it upward, the process is streamlined in the vertical direction. However, in such conventional construction methods, in order to construct the floor concrete, horizontal and vertical steps of pouring the floor concrete and its supporting columns are involved separately from the above. Therefore, in order to maximize the benefits of streamlining the wall process in the vertical direction as described above, further improvements are required in terms of floor concrete construction. On the other hand, the lifting equipment used at construction sites uses various types of cranes, and also uses a trestle with lifting equipment on the top surface, which allows stable lifting while being limited in lifting height. It was used to cope with the need for larger cranes. Problems to be Solved by the Invention In addition, in conventional construction methods, when floor concrete is poured on-site, the supporting columns at the bottom of the slab are restricted by the hardening of the concrete, which not only affects the work process but also obstructs the work. It was hot. In addition, even if the above-mentioned drawbacks can be avoided in construction methods that use prefabricated slabs or concrete plates, large-scale lifting equipment is always required, and depending on the scale of the construction site, there may be restrictions on the installation location or high-lift This would affect construction costs and reduce operational efficiency. Therefore, the drawback of conventional construction methods is that the construction of horizontal slabs always complicates the process planning, compared to the construction of vertical walls as described above.
There was a need for a new construction method that would mainly make slab construction compatible with the streamlined wall construction method. Means for Solving the Problems Therefore, in the present invention, the concrete constituting the wall of the wall type structure is constructed by configuring the external formwork with scaffolding and the internal formwork into large panels. In addition to using a construction method in which each floor is raised sequentially, a support is erected inside the wall in contact with the wall, and a frame is constructed with a beam that connects the top of the support. By installing a container and suspending the formwork for the slab, it is possible to construct the wall and manufacture the slab PC board above in parallel. The main purpose of this method is to use a series of construction methods that allow the internal formwork to be raised, eliminate the need for large cranes, and allow for parallel construction of walls and floor slabs. The purpose of this invention is to achieve the effects of shortening the construction period and saving labor, and to this end, it also seeks to provide construction equipment that can be used in this construction method. Embodiment The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to an embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the construction method of a wall-type structure building according to the present invention, in which 1 is a room space of a wall-type structure building 1A to be constructed, and 2 and 3 are walls that have already been constructed. It shows the body and the slab. 2A, 3A
is a wall constructed on the floor above the slab 3 and a slab for the floor immediately above, and is usually constructed in a process for one floor. Reference numeral 4 denotes an external formwork for concrete for constructing a wall, which is provided with external working scaffolds 41 in two stages, upper and lower, on the outside, formed into a large formwork panel, and arranged in series along the outer surface of the wall. be done. 5 is an internal formwork for concrete, which is also formed into a large formwork panel, and has leg parts 5.
1 on the slab 3. 6 is a large number of separators that connect the inner and outer large formworks together in preparation for pouring concrete;
are fixing bolts that support and fix the external formwork 4 to the existing concrete portion 2 so that it can stand on its own. Reference numeral 8 denotes reinforcing reinforcing bars embedded in the concrete of the wall body 2, and is usually constructed into multiple reinforcing bars and used as a pre-assembled assembly. Next, reference numeral 9 denotes a frame which is the main construction device of the present invention, and a beam device 11 is spanned between the tops of columns 10 and 10 to form a trapezoidal steel frame. Here, each column 10 is made of, for example, H-shaped steel - 300 x 300 x 10, and as shown in Fig. 2, one flange is placed inside the room space 1 surrounded by the wall 2. Bolts 12 are arranged in contact with each other in the center of each side to form a rhombus, the height of which is selected to be at least the third floor of the building, the bolts 12 are erected from the lower floor of the relevant floor, and are planted in the wall body 2. 12
are fixed to the wall body 2 by means of , and are independent from each other. Next, guide columns 13 are placed at the four corners of the room space, and are made of the same material as the columns 10, and are also erected from the lower floor, but they are designed to increase the area of the slab 3A. The height is set at the same level as the inner and outer formworks 5 and 4 on the relevant floor so as not to cause any obstruction. The beam device 11, as shown in FIG.
Four beams 14 arranged in a diamond shape corresponding to 0 and 10
and two beams 15 fixedly supported by the beam 14 and arranged in the diagonal direction of the room space 1.
The pedestal 9 is configured by being removably installed on the pillar 10 at the meeting point of the mounts 4 and 14.
Here, the beam 14 is made of, for example, H-shaped steel 250 x 250 x 9,
Beam 15 is selected from I-shaped steel - 300 x 150 x 10. Beam 1
Reference numeral 5 is a traveling beam with a trolley hoist T attached to the lower string flange so that it can run freely, and wiring 16 is provided so that the driving operation thereof can be performed from the external work platform 41. Thus, when the support column 10 and the beam device 11 are combined, the frame 9 constitutes a construction device that also serves as a lifting facility. In FIG. 1, the slab 3A is suspended from a pedestal 9 by a trolley hoist T, and the slab 3A designed with a small beam is attached to the bottom formwork 17, 1
Constructed by 7A. And this slab 3
At the height of construction A, a steel slab support beam 18 is pivotally attached to the inside of the middle part of each support column 10, and the position of the cantilever beam that extends inward and supports the slab formwork 17 from below is determined. , and the column 10 hangs downward.
It is configured to be fixed or pivotable so as to take two postures, including a folded position along the axis, and is a part of the configuration of the pedestal 9. As shown in FIG. 3, the slab 3A constructed here has a predetermined notch 19 in the portion facing the pillars 10, 10 and the guide pillar 13 that penetrate above the slab, and each It is designed to allow relative movement between the column and the slab. Incidentally, numerals 20 and 20 in FIG. 1 are pillars for supporting the already applied slab 3, and are also used when the above-mentioned notch 19 is filled in later to complete the slab. Although typical embodiments have been described above, the slab 3A manufactured above the room space 1 can be modified in design, and can be cut if there is a structural problem in the part facing the columns 10, 13. It is also possible to disassemble and assemble the large formwork of the internal formwork 5 into small parts without providing the cutout 19, and to move and raise the slab 3A as a small formwork member without horizontally moving the slab 3A. . Function The method for constructing a wall-type structure building according to the present invention will be explained with reference to the process diagrams shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. be done. However, in each drawing, embodiments at multiple points in time are partially duplicated. First, in the state shown in Figure 1, the external formwork 4 and internal formwork 5 for constructing the external wall 2 are set at the level of the slab 3 of the floor concerned, and concrete is poured between them to construct the wall 2A. has been done. on the other hand,
Above the slab 3, under the support of the frame 9 , the slab 3A of the upper floor as part of the construction of this floor
is being constructed in parallel with wall 2A. Since the basic structure of the present invention is this parallel work, the steps from this stage will be explained as a cycle of a series of steps to the upper floor based on FIGS. 1 and 4 to 10. (1) First, the cast wall 2A is given a hardening period, and then the internal formwork 5 is demolded. Legs 5 of formwork 5
1 is of a foldable or detachable type, and the retainer on the slab 3 is removed to reduce the thickness of the internal formwork 5, and then the fastening hardware 6 is removed. (2) In Fig. 4, the slab 3A is suspended from above by a trolley hoist T, and is moved to the right in the figure while being suspended by operation from the external scaffolding 4. At this time, the left end edge of the slab 3A moves inward of the pillar 10, creating a space above the internal formwork 5 with a dimension equal to the thickness plus the margin, and the right end of the slab 3A The notch 19 provided on the opposite side and the side side in the front-rear direction in the drawing is moved within a range where the notch 19 does not collide with the pillar 10, respectively. (3) Therefore, the internal formwork 5 is lifted up as a large panel using lifting equipment for construction work, such as a tower crane C, which is installed separately on the construction site. This lifting is performed while being guided by the grooves or grooves and flanges on the side surfaces of the pillars 10 and guide pillars 13, and when the lower end of the formwork 5 exceeds the height of the slab 3A, it is lifted off from the pillar 10 side. It will be temporarily supported by holding it, and an auxiliary branch line will be provided at the other end for support. (4) Next, as is clear from Fig. 5, the step (2) above is carried out in the opposite direction, that is, to the left in the figure, to form a space above the internal formwork 5 on the right side for the slab 3A. Then, as in (3) above, remove the inner formwork 5 on the right side.
to rise. (5) In Fig. 4, materials and equipment 17B for constructing the next upper floor slab are loaded on the top surface of the slab 3A, and these preparatory works are also carried out in parallel with the above steps. (6) Figure 6 shows the process of installing slab 3A. The precast concrete slab 3A manufactured at a predetermined upper position of the pedestal 9 is suspended by a trolley hoist T, and after being easily moved, it is returned to its original central position at the time of manufacture. , where it is lowered by raising and lowering the hoist T. The slab 3A is manufactured to a predetermined size and is seated on the upper end of the surrounding wall 2A, and then the lower formwork 17, 17A is successively demolded.
By applying and supporting the trolley hoist T, it becomes possible to release the suspension by the trolley hoist T, and it also becomes possible to support the load during subsequent work. (7) Figure 7 explains the work on the new upper floor.
At this stage, the internal formwork 5 is installed on the floor of the slab 3A. The internal formwork 5 is suspended again by the external crane C, and the support column 1 is
The temporary support by 0 is released, and the internal formwork 5 is attached to the slab 3.
A and set it in a predetermined position using the legs 51. (8) Meanwhile, on the slab 3A, construct the formwork for the new upper floor slab 3B using the materials and equipment 17B. 17C is a platform using a framework scaffolding or the like to secure the height above the workers' heads, and 17D is the lower formwork for slab 3B installed at a height of H from slab 3A; It has a known structure such as joists. The height defined as H here is used as a reference for determining the operating lift of the trolley hoist T as well as the height of the support column 10. (9) Before and after these steps, the beam device 11
will be moved. That is, the beam device 11
After being uncoupled from 0, it was suspended by crane C and moved as a series of jigs above the adjacent room space, allowing it to be repurposed and completely freeing the space above the work space. do. (10) The connection between the wall 2A and the slab 3A is prepared at this stage by connecting the extension of the reinforcing bar 8 in the wall 2A to the extension of the cotter or slab reinforcing bar provided at the edge of the slab 3A. Ru. The main process shown in FIG.
0 and the raising of the guide column 13 and the reinforcement placement on the slab and wall. (11) The lifting of each support column 10 begins with releasing the fixing bolts 12 on the preceding floor, and lifts the beam device 11 at the disassembled top using the crane C, raises it by one floor, and then lifts it up again to the wall 2A.
It is fixed to the wall 2A on the slab 3 with fixing bolts 12. During this time, the support column 10 is relatively guided by the internal formwork 5, so that the ascent is performed stably and smoothly. The rise of guide column 13 is also caused by column 1.
This is the same as the case of 0. (12) The work at this stage of slab construction is reinforcing, and the slab reinforcing bars 21, which have been preassembled on the ground, are placed on the formwork 17D. (13) To construct the wall 2, first, reinforcing bars are placed on the outer surface of the internal formwork 5. To do this, the reinforcing bars 8A that have been pre-assembled on the ground are lifted up by a crane C and connected to the upper part of the reinforcing bars 8 below. (14) In the so-called "jump up" formwork construction method in which the internal and external formwork is raised one floor at a time, the raising of the next stage of external formwork 4 is well known as a series of the steps in (13) above. The external formwork 4 is constructed by removing the lower fixing bolts 7, assembling the external formwork 4 into a large formwork, lifting it up with the crane C with the scaffolding attached, and replacing it with the fixing bolts 7 of the wall 2A. (Figure 9). (15) FIG. 9 further shows the construction process of slab 3B. That is, the beam device 11 is lifted again by the crane C, returned to the present construction section from another construction section, and assembled to the columns 10, 10 to form the pedestal 9 . Then, the trolley hoist T is placed on the traveling beam 15.
is moved to hang the formwork 17D and raise it to the height of the first floor. Next, formwork 17D is attached to pillars 10 and beams 14.
At the same time, the slab support beams 18, 18 of each support column 10 are rotated upward at the pivot point, and the formwork 17D is fixed in a position to support it from below. This completes the preparation for prefabrication of the slab 3B, and the production of the precast concrete slab 3B is completed by pouring concrete onto the formwork 17D. For the curing of the slab 3B, it is desirable to erect support columns 20 from the slab 3A, further cover the top surface with a cover S, and allow steam to pass through the inside to add steam curing to quickly develop the strength of slab concrete. (16) Figure 10 is a drawing showing the final process, in which the upper slab 3B is being cured, and the outer formwork 4 and the inner formwork 5 are tightly connected above the wall body 2A to form the wall body 2B. Concrete is poured. This pouring work is actually performed at the same timing as the steam curing of the concrete of the slab 3B and the hardening of the wall concrete. By this concrete pouring, the connection between the wall 2A and the slab 3A is also completed at the same time. (17) Next, by pivoting the slab support beam 18 downward, releasing the wire W, and removing the support column 20, the situation will be the same as that shown in Fig. 1 based on the rail of the slab 3A, and the same process will be performed upward. The construction method can be implemented repeatedly as a series of cycles. Thus, in the construction method of the present invention, the on-site concrete work for the wall portion and the precast concrete work for the slab portion above the room space are accomplished as a series of "parallel work." Regarding the change in the notch 19 in the structure of the slab explained in the example section, please refer to step (2) above.
The horizontal movement of the slab in ~(4) is not performed, and the internal formwork 5
Since no upward space is available for relocation to the upper floor after demolding, the inner formwork 5 can be disassembled into small parts and transported in small parts. Effects of the Invention In the construction method of the present invention, the slab formwork for constructing the precast concrete floor slab can be constructed on the floor above the wall formwork at the same time as the wall formwork is being installed. The production of precast concrete floor slabs for the floors directly above can be carried out in parallel, which significantly shortens the construction period.Moreover, the production of precast concrete floor slabs can be accomplished within the limited space within the building. Pre-cast concrete floor slabs can be installed by simply removing the mold and lowering them.Furthermore, buildings can be constructed by simply repeating the floor and wall construction process, which is expected to result in labor savings. can. Furthermore, since the construction equipment of the present invention is equipped with a lifting device, it is possible to downsize and reduce the need for large external crane equipment, loosen restrictions on its installation and scale, and improve work efficiency within the site. .
In addition, this construction equipment is equipped with a slab construction support beam that can be freely pivoted in a hanging state at the middle part of each support column, allowing the slab construction support beam to be fixed in a horizontal position. The support can be easily released by simply pivoting the beam from a horizontal position to a hanging position.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings are drawings of an embodiment of the construction method and the construction device of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing a cross section of the building at one reference time of the construction method, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view taken along the - line in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 4 to 10 are process diagrams showing each step after the state shown in FIG. 1 in cross sections of the building. 1... Room space, 2... Wall, 3... Slab, 4
... External formwork, 5 ... Internal formwork, 8, 21 ... Reinforcing bars, 9 ... Frame, 10 ... Support column, 11 ... Beam device, 12 ... Fixing bolt, 13 ... Guide column, 1
4... Beam, 15... Running beam, 17... Slab formwork, 18... Slab support beam, 19... Notch, T...
…Trolley hoist.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 (a) A beam device is spanned over the tops of a plurality of self-supporting columns that are fixed to the inside of an already constructed wall to constitute a pedestal, and this pedestal is equipped with a lifting device. In parallel with the process of installing internal and external formwork for the walls of the floor to be constructed and pouring concrete for the walls of the floor concerned, the slab is The formwork is suspended above the relevant floor, and then the process of manufacturing the precast concrete floor slab mold for the floor directly above the relevant floor is carried out, and (b) the internal formwork for the wall is then removed from the mold. The above-mentioned floor slab formwork is lowered onto the wall by the above-mentioned lifting device, and the slab formwork is removed from the formwork, and the external formwork is also removed from the formwork, and the above-mentioned support columns are unfixed and attached to external lifting equipment. Therefore, a method for constructing a wall-type structure building, characterized in that steps (a) and (b) are repeated by raising the external formwork and the pillars by one floor. 2. A notch is provided in the precast concrete slab facing the support of the frame, and to remove the internal formwork, the precast concrete slab suspended from the construction equipment is moved horizontally through the notch while dodging the support. The construction method according to claim 1, wherein the internal formwork of the demolded wall is transferred to the upper floor using the space between the slab and the wall. 3. A construction device used to construct a wall-type structure building, which consists of a plurality of self-supporting columns that are fixed to the inside of an already constructed wall, and a structure that spans the tops of these columns. The beam device is connected to a beam device to form a frame, and the beam device is constructed by assembling a traveling beam equipped with a movable lifting device to a plurality of beams connected to the above-mentioned pillars, and A device for constructing a wall-type structural building, characterized in that a support beam for constructing a slab that can be fixed in a horizontal position is provided in the middle part so as to be freely pivotable in a hanging state. 4. The construction device according to claim 3, wherein the support and the beam device are detachably connected via the beam material of the beam device.