JPH0257429B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention provides a body fluid treatment device, in particular, a system for treating body fluids immediately after connecting the body fluid inlet/output portion of the extracorporeal circuit to the human body without removing the extracorporeal circuit from the device after priming treatment. The present invention relates to a body fluid treatment device capable of performing extracorporeal circulation. The device of the present invention can be effectively used for plasma separation to separate blood cell components and plasma components, ascites treatment to separate cells and bacteria in ascites, hemodialysis to remove harmful substances from blood, etc. can.

(Conventional technology) Traditionally, before using a body fluid treatment device in clinical practice,
Priming processing is performed to wash away air and foreign substances adhering to parts such as body fluid treatment devices and circuits that come into direct contact with body fluids, thereby preventing foreign substances from entering the body. In particular, in a body fluid treatment device with a built-in membrane, air and filling liquid existing within the membrane wall are replaced with saline at the same time as priming.

Such priming processing is performed using a conventional body fluid processing apparatus, for example, as shown in FIG. The plasma separator 2 separates the blood into plasma and blood cell components, and a drip chamber 19 provided in the blood return circuit 8 separates the blood cell and separated plasma components. In a plasma separation device that mixes equal amounts of replacement fluid and returns it to the human body M from the body fluid derivation section 11, this is performed as follows.

That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the plasma separator 2 is installed in the apparatus upside down compared to the clinical installation shown in FIG. 6, and the blood inlet 3 is placed at the bottom and the blood outlet 4 is placed at the top. A blood inlet circuit 7 is connected to the blood inlet 3 of the plasma separator 2, and a blood outlet 4 is connected to the blood inlet 3 of the plasma separator 2.
A blood return circuit 8 is connected to the blood return circuit 8. Then, the blood introduction part 10 attached to the end of the blood introduction circuit 7 (the part that can be connected to a normal blood collector or blood reservoir such as a shunt or injection needle) is connected to the saline container (bag or bottle) 5. When the roller pump 1 is driven, physiological saline is supplied to the plasma separator 2 through a drip chamber 18 provided in the blood introduction circuit 7. The physiological saline supplied to the plasma separator 2 fills the plasma separator, and is further discharged from the blood outlet portion 11 through a drip chamber 19 provided in the blood return circuit 8. Also, plasma separator 2
A part of the physiological saline supplied into the plasma separator passes through the plasma separation membrane and enters the plasma outlet 6 provided in the plasma separator.
The plasma is then discharged through the plasma introduction circuit 9. After performing the above-mentioned priming process for a predetermined period of time, the pump 1 is stopped, and the blood return circuit 8 and the plasma derivation circuit 9 are closed using a forceps or the like. Next, priming is completed by turning the plasma separator 2 upside down.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the blood introducing section 10 and the blood discharging section 11 are connected to the human body M, the above-mentioned pump is removed, and the pump 1 is driven to perform extracorporeal blood circulation.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the conventional apparatus described above, it is necessary to turn the plasma separator upside down and attach it to the apparatus at the end of priming. In addition, in order to install the plasma separator mentioned above, the blood introduction circuit and blood return circuit must be removed from the device each time, so the priming process takes time, and the operation is complicated, making it difficult for the operator to perform the priming process. There were problems such as the need for skilled techniques.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a body fluid treatment device that is easy to operate and can perform priming treatment in a short time.

(Means for Solving the Problem) That is, the present invention provides a body fluid treatment device for treating body fluid with a body fluid treatment device provided in a body fluid circulation circuit and having a built-in membrane. A roller pump capable of forward and reverse rotation is provided in a body fluid introduction circuit that connects the body fluid introduction circuit and the body fluid introduction section, and a body fluid return circuit that connects the roller pump of the body fluid introduction circuit and the body fluid treatment device and between the body fluid treatment device and the body fluid outlet section. , a drip chamber is provided with a body fluid introduction tube opened below the upper end of the chamber, and at the time of priming, the body fluid outlet is connected to a physiological saline container, and the roller pump is reversely rotated to supply physiological saline. This body fluid treatment device is characterized in that water is discharged from a body fluid inlet through a body fluid treatment device.

(Example) Next, an example of the apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, taking a plasma separation apparatus as an example. FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of the plasma separator, and its configuration will be explained according to the flow of blood. The blood is supplied into the plasma separator 2 from the blood inlet 3 of the plasma separator 2 through the drip chamber 12 provided at 7, and is separated into blood cell components (concentrated blood) and plasma components in the plasma separator 2. be done. The blood cell components separated by the plasma separator 2 are supplied from the blood outlet 4 of the plasma separator to the drip chamber 13 provided in the blood return circuit 8, where they are separated from the plasma components separated by the plasma separator. After the amount of replacement fluid is mixed, it is returned into the body from the blood outlet section 11.
15 is a fluid replacement container, and 16 is a fluid replacement circuit.
On the other hand, the plasma components separated by the plasma separator 2 are discharged from the plasma extraction circuit 9 by the plasma extraction pump 17.

The roller pump 1 must be a reversible pump that rotates in the normal direction during blood processing (clinical use) and reverses during the priming process. Such a pump can be made to be capable of forward and reverse rotation by using a reversible motor, but a means for preventing the tube from coming off, so that the tube does not come off from the tube groove during reverse rotation.
For example, it is preferable to provide a pair of left and right tube guides 32, 32' for pressing the upper surface of the tube 30 as shown in FIG.

During the priming process, the drip chambers 12 and 13 provided in the blood introduction circuit 7 and the blood return circuit 8 pass physiological saline from the bottom to the top of the chamber, so that blood introduction as shown in FIG. 8 is possible. In a conventional drip chamber in which the tube 20 opens at the upper end of the chamber 21, the chamber is filled with saline. If this state goes into clinical practice, blood will replace physiological saline and fill the chamber, enter the thin tube 22 for pressure detection connected to the upper end of the chamber, coagulate, and become impossible to detect pressure. Problems such as: Therefore, in the drip chamber used in the device of the present invention, it is important to open the blood introduction tube below the upper end of the chamber and to provide an air layer above the chamber during the priming process. By providing an air layer at the top of the chamber at the end of the priming process, it is possible to reliably prevent blood from entering the thin tube for pressure detection when the physiological saline in the chamber is replaced with blood at the start of clinical trials. . As such a drip chamber, for example, as shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the blood introduction tube 35 is attached to the upper side wall of the chamber, and the blood introduction tube opens below the upper end of the chamber. When blood cell components and replacement fluid are mixed in the drip chamber, the replacement fluid introduction tube 37 is preferably opened at the same position as the opening position of the blood introduction tube 35 into the chamber.

In the priming process using the device of the present invention, first, as shown in FIG. Rotate in the direction. Then, the physiological saline in the container 5 is supplied from the blood outlet section 11 to the plasma separator 2 through the drip chamber 13 provided in the blood return circuit 8. The physiological saline supplied into the plasma separator 2 fills the plasma separator, and is further discharged from the blood introduction section 10 through the blood introduction circuit 7 and the roller pump 1. After filling the plasma separator 2 with physiological saline, the plasma extraction pump 17 is activated. Physiological saline passes through the plasma separation membrane and is discharged from the plasma extraction circuit 9 by the plasma extraction pump. After performing the priming process for a predetermined period of time with the roller pump 1 and plasma extraction pump 17 being driven, the blood introduction part 10 and the blood extraction part 11 are removed from the saline container, and the human body M is removed as shown in FIG. connect to
Next, by rotating the roller pump in the normal direction, blood extracorporeal circulation treatment can be performed immediately.

When using a plasma separator filled with a filling liquid such as distilled water, the filling liquid can be completely replaced with saline even if the priming process is performed after draining the filling liquid, or the filling liquid can be completely replaced with physiological saline without draining the filling liquid. The priming process may be performed until the Also, one side of the separation membrane housed in the plasma separator (e.g. plasma side)
The priming process may be performed after only the filling liquid is discharged in advance.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the device of the present invention uses a reversible roller pump and a drip chamber with a specific structure, so that after priming, the body fluid inlet/outlet is simply connected to the human body. This is a practically extremely useful device that can immediately perform extracorporeal circulation treatment. The device of the present invention exhibits an extremely large priming effect when applied to body fluid separators that incorporate relatively large pore size and high water permeability separation membranes, such as plasma separation membranes and ascites membranes, but it can also be applied to hemodialyzers, etc. Can be applied.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart during body fluid processing by the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flowchart during priming processing. FIG. 3 is a plan view of a reversible roller pump used in the device of the present invention, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views of a drip chamber used in the device of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a flowchart of body fluid treatment by a conventional device, and FIG. 7 is a flowchart of priming processing. FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a conventional drip chamber. 1...Roller pump, 2...Body fluid treatment device, 7...
...Body fluid introduction circuit, 8...Body fluid return circuit, 9...
Fluid derivation circuit, 10... body fluid introduction section, 11... body fluid derivation section.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A body fluid treatment device that processes body fluids with a body fluid treatment device that is provided in a body fluid circulation circuit and has a built-in membrane, the body fluid introduction circuit that connects the body fluid treatment device of the body fluid circulation circuit and the body fluid introduction section with a forward and reverse rotation. A body fluid introduction tube is provided between the roller pump of the body fluid introduction circuit and the body fluid treatment device, and a body fluid return circuit that connects the body fluid treatment device and the body fluid outlet section, and a body fluid introduction tube is opened below the upper end of the chamber. At the same time, the body fluid outlet part is connected to a saline container during priming, and the roller pump is reversely rotated to discharge the physiological saline from the body fluid introduction part through the body fluid treatment device. A body fluid treatment device characterized by: