JPS62120854A - Blood treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides a blood processing device having a plasma separator that separates blood cells and plasma from blood, and a plasma purifier that removes unnecessary substances from the separated plasma; In particular, it relates to a device that can automatically perform one riming.

[Conventional technology]

As a treatment for kidney failure, liver failure, autoimmune diseases, etc., a patient's blood is separated into plasma and blood cells using a plasma separator, and the separated plasma is used to remove various toxins from the plasma using a plasma purifier. ,
Blood processing methods are known in which purified plasma is returned to the body.

This type of blood processing equipment requires a so-called priming process, in which physiological saline is passed through the circuit to clean the circuit and to make the blood or plasma more compatible with the separator or purifier before blood is processed in clinical operation. It is necessary to carry out processing.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

Conventional 1-liming processing requires a separator and a purifier as described above, and the entire device is complicated. The priming process is troublesome, time-consuming, and difficult to operate because the priming process is performed separately for the flow path and the dividing device or purifier, and then the dividing device and purifier are connected to the flow path and installed in the equipment. There is a problem in that it is complicated and requires a skill that the operator is familiar with.

[Means for solving problems]

This invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is a blood processing device that is capable of automatic one-time processing in a state in which a circuit, a separator, and a purifier are incorporated into the device. The purpose is to provide

The structure of the present invention for achieving the above object is shown in FIG.

The blood circulation flow path 1 includes a plasma separator 3 that separates the blood taken out from the blood introduction part H+ into blood cell components and plasma components;
A first blood pump 4 and a first blood pump that detects the flow rate of the blood circulation channel 1.
The separated blood cell components are sent to the blood extraction section H.
2. Return to the human body.

The plasma flow path 2 includes a plasma purifier 6 that removes unnecessary substances from the plasma components separated by the plasma separator 3, and a plasma pump 7.
and a second detector 8 for detecting the flow rate of the plasma flow path 2, and the purified plasma is returned to the human body via the blood circulation flow path 1 downstream of the plasma separating M device 3.

The plasma separator 3 has its blood cell outlet located at the bottom,
The plasma purifier 6 has its plasma inlet located at the bottom. The plasma separator 3 and the plasma purifier 6 are usually arranged vertically, but they may be arranged at an angle so that the blood cell outlet and the plasma inlet are at the bottom.

10 is connected to the blood circulation channel 1 and the plasma channel 2.

This is a Priminda fluid supply source to which the blood outlet H2 is connected to supply Raiminda fluid. A first valve 11 for communicating and blocking is provided between the downstream side of the plasma flow path 2 and the downstream side of the plasma separator 3 of the blood circulation flow path 1. A second valve 12 is provided for communicating with and shutting off communication with the outside.

On the other hand, as control means, blood pump drive means 13, plasma pump drive means 14, and pump stop means 5 are provided. The blood bottle 1 driving means 13 receives a start signal from the outside and drives the blood bottle 1 and the second valve 11 and the second valve 11 and the second valve.
The valve 12 is closed, and the blood bong 14 is driven in reverse (counterclockwise) to cause the priming liquid to flow into the blood circulation channel 1 from the bottom to the top of the plasma separator 3.

Further, the plasma bomb drive means 14 and the first
1 of the blood circulation channel 1 in response to the detection signal from the detector 5 of
When the miscarriage of the liming fluid reaches a first predetermined value, the second valve 12 is opened and the plasma pump 7 is driven;
The priming liquid is caused to flow from the bottom to the top of the blood purifier 6. Furthermore, in response to the detection signals from the first and second detectors 5.8, the pump stop means 15 detects that the blood circulation channel 1 and the plasma channel 2 have 7" of Raiminda fluid. When both flow rates reach a second predetermined value,
Driving of the blood and plasma pump 4.7 is stopped to complete priming.

[For production]

According to the above configuration, the air inside the plasma separator 3 is smoothly discharged to the outside through the blood introduction part H1 by the priming liquid flowing into the plasma separator 3 from the bottom to the top, and then the air inside the plasma separator 3 is discharged to the outside through the blood introduction part H1. Due to the priming liquid flowing from the bottom to the top, the air inside the plasma purifier 6 is smoothly discharged to the outside. In addition, the first and second valves 1] and 2 are closed until the plasmid fluid is allowed to flow into the blood circulation channel 1, and the flow rate reaches the first predetermined value. 1. Since the Raiminda solution is not flowed, the air in the blood circulation channel 1 is smoothly discharged to the outside during that time, and there is no risk of this air entering the plasma channel 2.

Furthermore, since the flaming liquid that has flowed through the plasma flow path 2 and become contaminated is discharged to the outside from the second valve 12, there is no risk of entering the blood circulation flow path 1 and contaminating the flow path 1.

Further, since the priming liquid is flowed into the blood circulation channel 1 and the plasma channel 2 until the flow rate reaches the second predetermined value,
Thorough cleaning in both channels 1.2 is achieved.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, before explaining the liming operation, the blood processing apparatus of the present invention will be explained. FIG. 2 is a flow diagram during blood processing, where 1 is a blood circulation channel and 2 is a plasma channel. Blood introduction part HI (shunt,
The blood taken out from a syringe needle (a part that can communicate with a normal blood sampling device or a blood storage device) is pressurized by the blood pump 4 and enters the arterial pressure chamber 16, and then enters the plasma separation chamber set in the vertical direction. The blood is introduced into the vessel 3 from above and separated into blood cell components and plasma components. The membrane accommodated in the plasma separation M device 3 can be any plasma separation membrane that passes through plasma without passing through blood cells. For example, polyvinyl alcohol (
A plate-shaped, tube-shaped, or hollow fiber-shaped separation membrane made of a PVA)-based copolymer or the like can be used. Usually, hollow fiber separation M! A collection of many is used.

The blood cell components separated by the plasma separator 3 enter the venous pressure chamber 18 via the first blood valve 17, the air bubble detector 19, the second blood valve 20, and the blood outlet section H2 (
Return to parts that can be connected, such as shunts and intravenous drip sets.

Furthermore, a pillow sensor 21 made of an inflatable and deflated bag-like body is provided upstream of the blood bong 14, and detects the pressure in the flow path when blood removal becomes difficult. The blood pump 4 is activated to stop the blood pump 14 and restart the blood pump 4 when the pressure is removed. Also, in the arterial pressure chamber 16, only the raw mold is mixed with heparin during chamfering,
a heparin syringe 22 to prevent blood coagulation during processing;
An arterial pressure sensor 23 is connected to the plasma separator 3, a filtration pressure sensor 24 and an air introduction valve 25 are connected to the plasma separator 3, and a venous pressure sensor 26 is connected to the venous pressure chamber 18. Furthermore, the blood outlet portion H of the blood circulation flow path l
A bubble detector 27 is provided near 2.

The plasma components separated by the plasma separator 3 are transferred to the plasma flow path 2
The blood pressure is increased by the plasma pump 7 of the plasma chamber 32.
111 into the plasma purifier 6 set in the vertical direction.
1 to remove unnecessary substances from plasma. The plasma processing agent contained in the plasma purifier 6 differs depending on the unnecessary substances to be removed, and can be selected from activated carbon, alumina, silica, ion exchange resin, etc. depending on the purpose of removal. Alternatively, these may be mixed at the same time. These processing agents may be those developed from the above-mentioned substances. Among these, activated carbon coated with various hydrophilic polymer membranes or proteins such as albumin, and microencapsulated activated carbon are preferably used.

The plasma purified by the plasma purifier 6 is returned to the human body through the blood circulation channel 1 downstream of the plasma separator 3.

The F#l# pressure sensor 37 is located in the #Ginseng coating chamber 32.
, an air release valve 38 and a liquid level detection sensor 39 are connected.

Further, a first valve 11 for communicating and cutting off communication is provided between the downstream side of the plasma flow path 2 and the downstream side of the plasma separator 3 of the blood circulation flow path 1. A branch pipe is provided on the downstream side of the plasma flow path 2 and upstream of the first valve 11, and a second valve 12 is provided in this branch pipe for communicating and cutting off the downstream side of the plasma flow path 2 and the outside. It is being

Furthermore, the blood pump 4 is equipped with a blood type detector 5 that detects the original shape of the blood circulation channel 1 based on the rotation speed of the blood pump 7°4, and the plasma pump 7"7 is equipped with a blood type detector 5 that detects the original shape of the blood circulation channel 1 based on the rotation speed of the blood pump 7°4. Plasma foot detection gfr8 that detects the flow rate of the plasma flow path 2 based on the rotation speed of 7 is connected to each.

48 is a control device consisting of a microcomputer;
During clinical practice, this control device 48 controls each of the above-mentioned detectors 5.
．． 8 and each pressure sensor 23.24.
26. While checking the pressure detection signal from 37, each flow rate in the blood circulation flow path 1 and the plasma flow path 2, and the plasma separator 3.
To ensure that the membrane pressure within the pump is at an appropriate value,
The rotation speed of the blood is controlled and blood is processed.

The blood circulation flow path 1 and the plasma flow path 2 are attached to the front surface 50m of the mounting base 50 shown in FIG. 3. This front 5
As shown in FIG. 4, a blood circulation channel 1 and a plasma channel 2 formed of vinyl chloride pipes are attached to 0a, and a plasma separation channel is installed in the middle of these blood circulation channel 1 and plasma channel 2. The blood pump 4, the plasma pump 7, and a screen 51 for displaying operation instructions and the like are arranged on the top of the mounting base 50.

Next, a 7'' liming operation of the blood processing apparatus having the above configuration will be explained.

In FIG. 5, a flamminder fluid supply source 10 that supplies a flamminder fluid made of physiological saline is connected to the downstream side of the blood circulation channel 1, that is, to the blood outlet section H2, via a bubble detector 27. has been done. Further, the control device 48 includes:
Blood and plasma pump drive means 13,14 for driving the blood bonder 4 and plasma pump 7, respectively, and pump stop means 15 are built-in.

On the other hand, since the plasma separator 3 is normally filled with physiological saline or distilled water, the first blood valve 17 is closed in advance and the blood circulation flow path is left in the plasma separator 3 as it is.
This prevents the filling liquid inside from flowing out and prevents air from getting inside. This state is shown in FIG. 6 as Nut 1S1.

One priming process starts from step S1 in FIG. 6. First, an outline of the priming process will be explained based on steps 82 to S8 in FIGS. 7 to 13.

In the nutetsu 7"S2 shown in Fig. 7, all the bongs 14.7
When it receives an external start signal while it is stopped,
The control device 48 is actuated, closing the air intake valve 25 and the air release valve 38, and closing the first valve 11 and the second valve 1.
2 and the second blood valve 20, the 7' liming fluid flows from the priming source 10 to the blood valve 20° of wJ2, the bubble detector 19, the venous pressure chamber 18, the first valve 11, the second The air flows out from the drain opening can through the valve 12, thereby discharging the air mixed in the blood outlet side of the blood circulation channel 1 to the outside.

Subsequently, in step S3 shown in FIG.
Then close the second blood valve 20 and close the air intake valve 2.
5 and the first blood valve 17 are opened, air enters the plasma separator 3 from the air introduction valve 25, but air cannot enter the hollow interior, so the plasma chamber side of the plasma separator 3 is filled. Only the m liquid enters the inside of the hollow fiber, and the filling liquid inside the first blood valve]7, the first valve 11. It flows out through the second valve 12 to the outside.

Next, in step S4 shown in FIG.
When the valve 12 is closed and the blood pump 4 is reversed, the priming liquid flows through the entire blood circulation channel.
The blood circulation channel 1 is cleaned and air is vented. At this time,
Since the priming liquid flows from the bottom of the plasma separator 3 to the top, it smoothly expels the air inside the plasma separator 3, passes through the arterial pressure chamber 16, the blood pump 4, and the pillow sensor 21, and then introduces blood. Portion H+j is discharged to the outside. In addition, the plasma pump 7 of the plasma flow path 2 is stopped,
Since the priming liquid does not flow into the plasma flow path 2, there is no possibility that air present in the blood circulation flow path 1 below the plasma separator 3 will enter into the plasma flow path 2.

Furthermore, when the flow rate of the blood circulation channel 1 reaches the first predetermined value in response to a detection signal from the blood type detector 5 (FIG. 5), it is assumed that the air removal of the blood circulation channel 1 is completed. In step S5 shown in FIG. 10, the control device 48 opens the air release valve 38 of the plasma flow path 2, and
By plasma pump? 7i - Rotate forward. As a result, the priming liquid is sent from the plasma separator 3 to the feed electrode chamber 32.

While the liquid level detection sensor 39 of the priming chamber 32 does not detect the liquid level of the priming liquid, the control device 48 opens the air release valve 38 and keeps the priming liquid in the m chamber 32. The plasma is sent to the plasma purifier 6. When the liquid level detection sensor 39 detects the liquid level of the priming liquid, that is, when the priming liquid is sufficiently filled in the priming chamber 32, the control device 48 causes the priming liquid to be activated in step S6 shown in FIG. Close the air release valve 38 and
Open the valve 12 and transfer the priming solution to the plasma purifier 6.
After the blood has been sufficiently passed through the plasma flow path 2, the plasma flow path 2 is thoroughly flushed, and steady operation is started. One Raiminda solution is flowed throughout the plasma flow path 2, and the plasma flow path 2 is cleaned and air is vented. At this time, since the priming liquid flows from the lower side of the plasma purifier 6 to the upper side, the plasma purifier 6
The air inside is smoothly expelled and discharged to the outside through the second valve 12 and the drain opening. Moreover, since the priming liquid that has flowed through the plasma flow path 2 and become contaminated is discharged to the outside through the second valve 12, there is no risk of entering the blood circulation flow path 1 and contaminating the flow path 1.

If the liquid level in the chamber 32 falls below a predetermined level in step S7 of FIG. The control device 48 is actuated by the signal from 39, closes the second valve 12, opens the air release valve 38, and releases the air inside the drinking chamber 32 to the outside from the air release valve 38. At the same time, one layer of Raiminda liquid is stored in the liquid chamber 32.

When the liquid level detection sensor 39 detects the l& surface again, and when the 1st Liminder liquid is filled in the Tsumari recovery chamber 32, the second valve 12 is opened by the control device 48, and the air is discharged. Close discharge valve 38. This control is CD control in PI3 of the flowchart described later.

The control device 48 includes a blood waste detector 5 and a plasma fIk detector 8.
When the flow rates in blood circulation channel 1 and plasma channel 2 both reach a certain value in response to a detection signal from
1 and created by Chamemul μal, I.
Unfortunately, in step S8 shown in FIG. 13, the operator replaces the priming liquid supply source 10 with a supply source 10 of the priming liquid to which heparin has been added.
' is installed, and the steady operation of step S7 in FIG. 12 is continued.

The control device 1148 includes a blood volume detector 5 and a plasma grave detector 8.
When the cumulative flow rate of the priming liquid and the heparin-containing sibfiming liquid flowing through the blood circulation flow path 1 and the plasma flow path 2 reaches a second predetermined value in response to a detection signal from the blood circulation flow path 1, the blood circulation flow path 1 It is assumed that the cleaning and air removal in the plasma flow path 2 have been completed, and the driving of all pumps 4.7 is stopped to complete the priming process.

Next, the details of one riming process by the control device 48 will be explained according to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 14 to 16.

In FIG. 14, abbreviations are used for each part. The abbreviations are as shown in Figures 6 to 13, 11% Pv1 for the first valve, PV2 for the second valve]2, BVI for the first blood valve]7, BVI for the second valve. Blood valve 20 is Pvl, air introduction valve 25 is Vl,
Air release valve 38 to vl, venous pressure chamber 18 to ud
, the bubble detector 27 is represented by SD, and the liquid level detection sensor 39 of the sparging chamber 32 is represented by CD, respectively.

P1 to P26 in FIG. 14 indicate control steps.

Starting at Pl, the process enters step 81 (FIG. 6) at P2 to prepare for the priming process.

After initializing at P3, it is checked at P4 whether a start button (not shown) has been pressed.

If the start button has been pressed, the process advances to P5 and enters step 82 (FIG. 7). In this step S2, as described above, BV2, PVI, and PP2 are opened, and BVI,
V1 and V2 are closed to vent air from the blood outlet portion of the blood circulation channel 1.

Next, the process advances to P6, and after the UD detects the Briminder liquid, wait for 30 seconds at P1, and then it is assumed that the above-mentioned air venting has been completed.

Further, proceed to P8 and enter step 83 (Fig. 8).
As described above, open BVI, PVI, PP2, and Ml, close BV2, and vl, and drain the distilled water in the plasma separator 3. This state is continued for 1 minute at P9, and it is assumed that the distilled water has completely drained out.

Enter step S4 (FIG. 9) in PIO, open BVI and BV2 as described above, and open PVI, PP2, Vl, V
After closing by 2%, the BP fan was reversed with a discharge type of 120 rnl/min to supply the priming liquid to the entire blood circulation channel 1. The cumulative ejection type of BP and the cumulative wave type of the blood circulation flow path 1 are detected based on the pH, and this is equal to or higher than a first predetermined value, for example, 0.31! If this happens, it is assumed that the air removal from the blood circulation channel 1 has been completed, and Pl2 in FIG.
The process then proceeds to step S5 (FIG. 10). In this step S5, as described above, BVI, BV2, ■2 are opened, PVI, PP2, and vl are closed, BP is reversed in 1 minute, for example, by 50 ml, and PP is, for example, 70 rnl.
It is rotated in the normal direction at a speed of 1/2 min, and the Briminder liquid is pumped into the feeding i-chamber 32.

Is CD the briming liquid in Pl3? When Pl is detected, Pl
Proceed to step 4 and enter step 86 (Fig. 11) 9. As mentioned above, when the CD detects air because the liquid level is lower than a predetermined level, it opens BVI, BV2, and vl, and
By closing PVI and PP2, the Hebraming solution in the CD is collected. When the CD detects that the liquid level is above a predetermined level, it opens BVI, BV2, and PP2, closes Pvl, vl, and vl, and pumps one Raiminda liquid into the blood purifier 6.

When it is detected in Pl5 that the cumulative flow rate of PP is, for example, 0.51 or more, the process proceeds to Pl6 shown in Fig. 16 and enters step 87 (Fig. 12), and as mentioned above, 70 ml of PP is added for 1 minute. Then, the plasma purifier 6 is rotated in the normal direction to perform steady operation, and the above-mentioned CD control prevents air from being sucked into the plasma purifier 6.

Next, in Pl7 of Figure 16, the cumulative miscarriage of BP and PP is
For example], it is detected that the temperature is 81 or higher, air removal and cleaning using the priming liquid is completed, and the process proceeds to page 18.

At p18, a command to attach a heparin-containing briming fluid supply source is displayed on the screen 51 (FIG. 4), and a chime sounds to notify the operator. When the heparin-containing briming fluid supply source is installed, the chime goes off, the system waits for about 5 seconds at P19, enters step S8 (FIG. 13) at P2O, and continues the steady operation at step S7.

BP at P21! : PP cumulative Ryusei is Ryusei, for example 2.61
If it is detected that the briming liquid supply source 7" liminder liquid is not enough remaining 9, P2
At step 2, the SD will enter the air detection system. If air is not detected, proceed to p23, and the cumulative prototype of BP and PP is the second
When it is detected that the value has exceeded a predetermined value, for example, 3.01 or more, the process advances to p24 and the CD control at Pl6 is stopped. When air is detected in P22, it is determined that the Flyminder liquid has been completely consumed, and the process proceeds to P24.Then,
BP and PP are stopped at P25, and the priming process is ended at P26.

In the above embodiment, a so-called wet type was used as the plasma separator 3, which was filled with a filling liquid such as physiological saline or distilled water at the manufacturing stage, but a dry type without filling liquid could also be used. In that case, step S3 of drawing out the filling liquid in FIG. 8 is omitted.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, the blood processing apparatus can be automatically subjected to one priming process with the plasma separator 3 and the plasma purifier 6 incorporated into the apparatus together with the circuit. It becomes extremely easy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing the state of the blood processing device according to the present invention during blood processing, and FIG. 3 is a mounting base on which the device of the present invention is mounted. 4 is a front view of the same, FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 6 to 13 are simplified circuit diagrams showing the operation of the embodiment, and FIG. 14 to 16 are flowcharts showing the control method of the same embodiment. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Blood circulation channel, 2... Plasma channel, 3... Plasma separator, 4... Blood bottle 1.5... First detector, 6... Plasma purifier , 7... Plasma Ponfu", 8...
-Second detector, 10...1 Fiming liquid supply source, 1
1... First valve, 12... Second valve, 13
...Blood pump driving means, 14...Plasma pump driving means, 15...Pump stopping means

Claims (1)

[Claims] Blood is introduced from the blood introduction part H_1 into the plasma separator 3 containing a plasma separation membrane, separated into blood cell components and plasma components, and the separated blood cell components are sent from the blood extraction part H_2. The blood circulation channel 1 returns to the human body, and the plasma components separated by the plasma separator 3 are introduced into a plasma purifier 6 containing an unnecessary substance processing agent for removing unnecessary substances from plasma for purification. , a plasma flow path 2 that returns purified plasma to the human body via the blood circulation flow path 1 downstream of the separator 3; a blood pump 4 provided in the blood circulation flow path 1; a priming liquid supply source 10 connected to the blood outlet H_2 of the blood circulation channel 1; a first detector 5 for detecting the flow rate of the blood circulation channel 1; A second detector 8 detects the flow rate of the plasma flow path 2; 1 valve 11, a second valve 12 that communicates and disconnects the downstream side of the plasma flow path 2 with the outside, and the first valve 11 that receives a start signal from the outside.
and a blood pump driving means 13 that closes the second valve 12 and drives the blood pump 4 to flow the priming liquid into the blood circulation channel 1, and a blood pump driving means 13 that receives a detection signal from the first detector 5. When the flow rate of the blood circulation channel 1 reaches a first predetermined value, the second valve 12 is opened, the plasma pump 7 is driven, and the priming liquid flows in the direction toward the plasma purifier 6. When the flow rates in both the blood circulation flow path 1 and the plasma flow path 2 reach a second predetermined value in response to detection signals from the drive means 14 and the first and second detectors 5 and 8; , and pump stop means 15 for stopping the driving of the blood and plasma pumps 4 and 7.