JPH0446756Y2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0446756Y2 JPH0446756Y2 JP6561086U JP6561086U JPH0446756Y2 JP H0446756 Y2 JPH0446756 Y2 JP H0446756Y2 JP 6561086 U JP6561086 U JP 6561086U JP 6561086 U JP6561086 U JP 6561086U JP H0446756 Y2 JPH0446756 Y2 JP H0446756Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- blood
- pump
- plasma
- circuit
- pump device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001406386 Leucaena trichodes Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000007536 Thrombosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本考案は血液を膜モジユールへ供給して血球成
分と血漿成分に分離し、分離された血球成分を人
体へ返還する装置、特に自動プライミングを行う
ことができる装置に関するものである。本考案の
装置は血漿分離交換処理の他に、例えば分離され
た血漿成分を第２の膜モジユールで大、中分子量
物質と小分子量物質に分離し、廃棄される大、中
分子量物質と等量の補充液を小分子量物質に加え
て血球成分とともに人体へ返還する二重過型血
漿分離交換処理、さらに血漿成分を吸着剤カラム
を通して浄化し、浄化された血漿成分を血球成分
とともに人体へ返還する血漿分離、吸着処理など
に好適に用いることができる。[Detailed description of the invention] (Field of industrial application) This invention is a device that supplies blood to a membrane module, separates it into blood cell components and plasma components, and returns the separated blood cell components to the human body, especially an automatic priming device. It relates to a device that can perform this. In addition to plasma separation and exchange processing, the device of the present invention, for example, separates the separated plasma components into large and medium molecular weight substances and small molecular weight substances using a second membrane module, and then separates the separated plasma components into large and medium molecular weight substances and small molecular weight substances in equal amounts to the large and medium molecular weight substances that are discarded. double-pass plasma separation and exchange treatment in which replenishment fluid is added to small molecular weight substances and returned to the human body together with blood cell components, the plasma components are further purified through an adsorbent column, and the purified plasma components are returned to the human body together with blood cell components. It can be suitably used for plasma separation, adsorption treatment, etc.
（従来の技術）
従来より血液処理装置では、血液を処理する前
に血液循環回路等を洗浄し、かつ膜モジユールに
血液をなじみやすくするために生理食塩水を流
す、いわゆるプライミング処理が行われている。
このプライミング処理は各回路と膜モジユールを
別々にプライミングした後、膜モジユールに各回
路を接続して装置に装着することが行われてい
る。しかし、この方法は面倒で、時間がかかると
ともに、操作が煩雑で操作者の習熟したテクニツ
クを必要とするという問題があつた。かかる問題
点を解決するため本願出願人は自動的にプライミ
ング処理することのできる二重過型血漿分離交
換装置を特願昭60−236205号などに提案した。こ
の装置の構成を第２図に示す。(Prior Art) Conventionally, in blood processing devices, a so-called priming process has been performed to clean the blood circulation circuit, etc. before processing blood, and to flow physiological saline in order to make the blood more compatible with the membrane module. There is.
This priming process is performed by priming each circuit and membrane module separately, and then connecting each circuit to the membrane module and installing it in the device. However, this method is troublesome and time consuming, and has problems in that it is complicated to operate and requires a skilled operator. In order to solve this problem, the applicant of the present application proposed a double-pass plasma separation and exchange device that can automatically perform priming processing in Japanese Patent Application No. 236205/1983. The configuration of this device is shown in FIG.
血液循環回路１は、血液導入部H1から取り出
された血液を血球成分と血漿成分とに分離する第
１の膜モジユール３と、第１のポンプ装置４と、
血液循環回路１の流量を検知する第１の検知器５
を備え、分離された血球成分を血液導出部H2よ
り人体へ戻す。 The blood circulation circuit 1 includes a first membrane module 3 that separates blood taken out from the blood introduction part H1 into blood cell components and plasma components, a first pump device 4,
A first detector 5 that detects the flow rate of the blood circulation circuit 1
The separated blood cell components are returned to the human body from the blood outlet H2 .
血漿回路２は、上記第１の膜モジユール３で分
離された血漿成分を高分子量成分と低分子量成分
とに分離する第２の膜モジユール６と、第２のポ
ンプ装置７と、血漿回路２の流量を検知する第２
の検知器８とを備え、分離された低分子量成分
を、上記第１の膜モジユール３よりも下流の血液
循環回路１を経て人体へ戻す一方で、高分子量成
分をドレン開口から外部へ排出し、補液導入部
H3を補液供給源９に接続して、この補液供給源
９から補液を第２の膜モジユール６に供給し、低
分子量成分に混入する。 The plasma circuit 2 includes a second membrane module 6 that separates the plasma components separated by the first membrane module 3 into high molecular weight components and low molecular weight components, a second pump device 7, and a plasma circuit 2. 2nd to detect flow rate
Detector 8, the separated low molecular weight component is returned to the human body via the blood circulation circuit 1 downstream of the first membrane module 3, while the high molecular weight component is discharged to the outside from the drain opening. , replacement fluid introduction part
H 3 is connected to a replacement fluid supply source 9, from which the replacement fluid is supplied to the second membrane module 6 and mixed with the low molecular weight components.
上記第１の膜モジユール３は、その血球出口が
下部に配置され、第２の膜モジユール６は、その
血漿入口が下部に配置される。 The blood cell outlet of the first membrane module 3 is located at the bottom, and the plasma inlet of the second membrane module 6 is located at the bottom.
１０は、血液循環回路１および血漿回路２にプ
ライミング液を供給するために血液導出部H2お
よび補液導入部H3が接続されるプライミング液
供給源である。血漿回路２の下流側と血液循環回
路１の第１の膜モジユール３よりも下流側との間
には、連通およびしや断を行なう第１のバルブ１
１が設けられ、血漿回路２の下流側には、外部と
の連通およびしや断を行なう第２のバルブ１２が
設けられている。 Reference numeral 10 denotes a priming liquid supply source to which a blood outlet H 2 and a replacement fluid inlet H 3 are connected in order to supply priming liquid to the blood circulation circuit 1 and plasma circuit 2 . A first valve 1 for communication and disconnection is provided between the downstream side of the plasma circuit 2 and the downstream side of the first membrane module 3 of the blood circulation circuit 1.
1, and on the downstream side of the plasma circuit 2, a second valve 12 is provided for communicating with and disconnecting from the outside.
一方、制御手段として、第１のポンプ駆動手段
１３、第２のポンプ駆動手段１４およびポンプ停
止手段１５を備えている。上記第１のポンプ駆動
手段１３により、外部からのスタート信号を受け
て上記第１のバルブ１１および第２のバルブ１２
を閉止し、上記第１のポンプ装置４を逆転（反時
計回り）駆動して、プライミング液を血液循環回
路１に、第１の膜モジユール３の下側から上側へ
向かう方向に流す。また、上記第２のポンプ駆動
手段１４により、上記第１の検知器５からの検知
信号を受けて血液循環回路１のプライミング液の
流量が第１の所定値に達したとき、上記第２のバ
ルブ１２を開放し、第２のポンプ装置７を駆動し
て、プライミング液を第２の膜モジユール６の下
側から上側へ向かう方向に流す。さらに、上記ポ
ンプ停止手段１５により、上記第１および第２の
検知器５，８からの検知信号を受けて、上記血液
循環回路１内と血漿回路２内のプライミング液の
流量がともに第２の所定値に達したとき、上記第
１および第２のポンプ装置４，７の駆動を停止さ
せ、プライミングを完了する。上記装置ではプラ
イミング液供給源はプライミング処理中に通常２
〜３回交換する必要がある。このプライミング液
供給源の交換は血液導出部H2の下部に気泡検知
器２７を設け、該気泡検知器が液切れを検出して
作動すると全てのポンプの駆動を停止して、プラ
イミング供給源を取替える。そして取替えが終了
すると再度スタートスイツチを押してプライミン
グが行われる。 On the other hand, a first pump drive means 13, a second pump drive means 14, and a pump stop means 15 are provided as control means. The first pump driving means 13 operates the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 in response to an external start signal.
is closed, and the first pump device 4 is driven in reverse (counterclockwise) to flow the priming liquid into the blood circulation circuit 1 in a direction from the bottom to the top of the first membrane module 3. Further, when the flow rate of the priming liquid in the blood circulation circuit 1 reaches a first predetermined value in response to the detection signal from the first detector 5, the second pump driving means 14 causes the second pump driving means 14 to The valve 12 is opened and the second pump device 7 is driven to cause the priming liquid to flow in the direction from the bottom to the top of the second membrane module 6. Furthermore, in response to the detection signals from the first and second detectors 5 and 8, the pump stop means 15 causes the flow rates of the priming liquid in both the blood circulation circuit 1 and the plasma circuit 2 to reach the second level. When the predetermined value is reached, the driving of the first and second pump devices 4 and 7 is stopped, and priming is completed. In the above device, the priming fluid supply source is usually 2 times during the priming process.
Needs to be replaced ~3 times. To replace the priming fluid supply source, an air bubble detector 27 is installed at the bottom of the blood outlet H2 , and when the air bubble detector detects liquid shortage and is activated, all pumps are stopped and the priming fluid source is replaced. Replace. When the replacement is completed, the start switch is pressed again to perform priming.
（考案が解決しようとする問題点）
しかし上記装置では気泡検知器２７が気泡を検
知した時には、既に血液循環回路１内に気泡が入
つており、プライミング液供給源１０の交換後、
再びポンプを駆動するとこの気泡が第１の膜モジ
ユール３に入り、膜の表面に付着、あるいは中空
糸の開口を塞いで血漿処理能力を低下させるとい
う問題があつた。また膜表面に付着した気泡に血
液が接着すると凝血を生じ安全の面でも問題があ
る。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the above device, when the bubble detector 27 detects bubbles, bubbles have already entered the blood circulation circuit 1, and after replacing the priming liquid supply source 10,
When the pump is driven again, the bubbles enter the first membrane module 3 and adhere to the surface of the membrane or block the openings of the hollow fibers, resulting in a problem in which the plasma processing capacity is reduced. Furthermore, if blood adheres to air bubbles attached to the membrane surface, blood clots may occur, which poses a safety problem.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
しがたつて本考案の目的はプライミング液供給
源を取替えたときに、気泡が絶対に膜モジユール
へ混入しない装置を提供することである。血液を
血液導入部H1から血漿分離膜を収容した膜モジ
ユール３に導入して、血球成分と血漿成分とに分
離し、分離された血球成分を血液導出部H2から
人体に戻す血液循環回路１と、
膜モジユール３で分離された血漿成分を導出す
る血漿回路２と、
血液循環回路１に設けられた正逆転自在な第１
のポンプ装置４と、
血漿回路２に設けられた第２のポンプ装置７
と、
血液導出部H2に接続された、先端に針H4が設
けられた導管２９と、
導管２９に設けられて、導管２９内の気泡を検
知する気泡検知器２７と、
導管２９の気泡検知器２７と血液導出部H2が
続される端部間に設けられたチヤンバ２８と、
血液循環回路１の膜モジユール３と血液導出部
H2間に取着されて、血液循環回路１の連通およ
び遮断を行うバルブ２０と、
外部からのスタート信号を受けて、上記第１の
ポンプ装置４に逆転駆動信号を送り、このポンプ
装置を逆転駆動してプライミング液を血液循環回
路１に流す第１のポンプ駆動手段１３と、
上記スタート信号を受けて、第２のポンプ装置
７を駆動してプライミング液を血漿回路２に流す
第２のポンプ駆動手段１４と、
気泡検知器２７からの検知信号を受けて、第１
のポンプ装置４と第２のポンプ装置７のそれぞれ
に停止信号を送つて、これらポンプ装置４，７を
停止させるポンプ停止手段１５と、
上記検知信号を受けてバルブ２０に閉止信号を
出力して、このバルブ２０を閉止させるバルブ制
御手段１６と
を備えてなる血液処理装置である。(Means for Solving the Problems) Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus that ensures that air bubbles do not enter the membrane module when the priming liquid supply source is replaced. A blood circulation circuit in which blood is introduced from a blood inlet H1 into a membrane module 3 containing a plasma separation membrane, separated into blood cell components and plasma components, and the separated blood cell components are returned to the human body from a blood outlet H2 . 1, a plasma circuit 2 for deriving plasma components separated by the membrane module 3, and a first reversible circuit provided in the blood circulation circuit 1.
a pump device 4, and a second pump device 7 provided in the plasma circuit 2.
a conduit 29 connected to the blood outlet H2 and having a needle H4 at its tip; a bubble detector 27 provided in the conduit 29 to detect air bubbles in the conduit 29; A chamber 28 provided between the end to which the detector 27 and the blood outlet H 2 are connected; and the membrane module 3 of the blood circulation circuit 1 and the blood outlet H 2 .
A valve 20 is attached between H 2 and 2 to connect and shut off the blood circulation circuit 1, and upon receiving a start signal from the outside, sends a reverse drive signal to the first pump device 4 to start this pump device. a first pump driving means 13 that is driven in reverse to flow the priming liquid into the blood circulation circuit 1; and a second pump driving means 13 that receives the start signal and drives the second pump device 7 to flow the priming liquid into the plasma circuit 2. Upon receiving the detection signals from the pump driving means 14 and the bubble detector 27, the first
a pump stop means 15 for sending a stop signal to each of the pump device 4 and the second pump device 7 to stop these pump devices 4 and 7; and a pump stop means 15 for outputting a close signal to the valve 20 in response to the detection signal. , and a valve control means 16 for closing this valve 20.
（実施例）
次に本考案装置の一実施例である血漿分離交換
装置の例を第１図、また二重濾過型血漿分離交換
装置の例を第２図に示すフロー図にて説明する。(Example) Next, an example of a plasma separation and exchange apparatus which is an embodiment of the device of the present invention will be described with reference to a flowchart shown in FIG. 1, and an example of a double filtration type plasma separation and exchange apparatus shown in FIG.
血液導出部H2とプライミング液供給源１０は
一端にプライミング液供給源に穿刺される針H4
を取り付け、他端に血液導出部H2が穿刺される
部材を有する導管２９で連結されている。この導
管にはチヤンバ２８が設けられており、該チヤン
バ２８と針H4の間に気泡検出器２７が設けられ
ている。該気泡検出器２７は全てのポンプの駆動
と停止を制御する装置と連動制御され、気泡検出
器からの信号を受けると全てのポンプの駆動が停
止するように構成されている。上記チヤンバ２８
は通常のドリツプチヤンバーを用いることができ
る。 The blood outlet H2 and the priming liquid supply source 10 have a needle H4 inserted into the priming liquid supply source at one end.
are connected by a conduit 29 having a member at the other end into which a blood outlet H 2 is punctured. This conduit is provided with a chamber 28, and a bubble detector 27 is provided between the chamber 28 and the needle H4 . The bubble detector 27 is controlled in conjunction with a device that controls driving and stopping of all pumps, and is configured to stop driving all pumps when receiving a signal from the bubble detector. Above chamber 28
A normal drip yambar can be used.
H4血液導出部H2の先に取付けた導管２９の先
端H4を、プライミング液供給源１０に接続し第
１のポンプ装置４を反時計方向に、また第２のポ
ンプ装置７を時計方向に回転させることにより血
液循環回路１及び血漿回路２内を、生理食塩水に
よりプライミング処理を行なう。プライミング液
供給源が空になつた場合、気泡検出器２７からの
信号を受けて全てのポンプ装置４，７の駆動を停
止し、ピンチバルブ２０を閉止する。この状態で
プライミング液供給源１０を取替える。プライミ
ング液供給源の取替が終了すると次にポンプ駆動
手段でピンチバルブ２０を開き、各ポンプ装置を
始動してプライミングを再開する。この時、気泡
検出器２７の下流に気泡が進入しているか、この
気泡はチヤンバ２８によりトラツプされ血液循環
回路内へ侵入することはない。 The tip H4 of the conduit 29 attached to the tip of the H4 blood outlet H2 is connected to the priming liquid supply source 10, and the first pump device 4 is turned counterclockwise and the second pump device 7 is turned clockwise. By rotating the blood circulation circuit 1 and the plasma circuit 2, the inside of the blood circulation circuit 1 and plasma circuit 2 are primed with physiological saline. When the priming liquid supply source becomes empty, a signal from the bubble detector 27 is received to stop driving all the pump devices 4 and 7 and close the pinch valve 20. In this state, the priming liquid supply source 10 is replaced. When the replacement of the priming liquid supply source is completed, the pinch valve 20 is opened by the pump driving means, and each pump device is started to restart priming. At this time, if air bubbles have entered downstream of the air bubble detector 27, the air bubbles are trapped by the chamber 28 and do not enter the blood circulation circuit.
プライミングが終了すると血液導出部H2を導
管２９から取り外して臨床処理を行う。なお、第
１図および第２図は、第３図と同一ケ所に同一図
番を付して説明を省略する。 When priming is completed, the blood lead-out portion H2 is removed from the conduit 29 and clinical treatment is performed. In addition, in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the same parts as in FIG. 3 are given the same number, and the explanation will be omitted.
（考案の効果）
以上のように本考案によれば、プライミング液
供給源の交換時に、血液循環回路への気泡の進入
が無くなるため膜モジユールへの気泡混入による
血漿分離能力の低下を招くことなく、プライミン
グ処理を行うことができる。また導管２９から血
液導出部H2を取り外すためチヤンバ２８に一時
的にトラツプされていた気泡が臨床中に抜け出し
て患者の体内へ侵入するのを未然に防止できる。(Effects of the invention) As described above, according to the invention, when replacing the priming liquid supply source, air bubbles do not enter the blood circulation circuit, so there is no reduction in plasma separation ability due to air bubbles entering the membrane module. , priming processing can be performed. Furthermore, since the blood outlet portion H2 is removed from the conduit 29, air bubbles temporarily trapped in the chamber 28 can be prevented from slipping out and entering the patient's body during clinical practice.
第１図および第２図は本考案装置のフロー図で
あり、第３図は従来装置のフロー図である。
H1……血液導入部、H2……血液導出部、１…
…血液循環回路、３……膜モジユール、１０……
プライミング液供給源、２７……気泡検出器、２
８……チヤンバ、２９……導管。
1 and 2 are flowcharts of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the conventional device. H 1 ...Blood introduction part, H 2 ...Blood extraction part, 1...
...Blood circulation circuit, 3...Membrane module, 10...
Priming liquid supply source, 27... Air bubble detector, 2
8... Chamba, 29... Conduit.
Claims (1)
た膜モジユール３に導入して、血球成分と血漿成
分とに分離し、分離された血球成分を血液導出部
H2から人体に戻す血液循環回路１と、 膜モジユール３で分離された血漿成分を導出す
る血漿回路２と、 血液循環回路１に設けられた正逆転自在な第１
のポンプ装置４と、 血漿回路２に設けられた第２のポンプ装置７
と、 血液導出部H2に接続された、先端に針H4が設
けられた導管２９と、 導管２９に設けられて、導管２９内の気泡を検
知する気泡検知器２７と、 導管２９の気泡検知器２７と血液導出部H2が
続される端部間に設けられたチヤンバ２８と、 血液循環回路１の膜モジユール３と血液導出部
H2間に取着されて、血液循環回路１の連通およ
び遮断を行うバルブ２０と、 外部からのスタート信号を受けて、上記第１の
ポンプ装置４に逆転駆動信号を送り、このポンプ
装置を逆転駆動してプライミング液を血液循環回
路１に流す第１のポンプ駆動手段１３と、 上記スタート信号を受けて、第２のポンプ装置
７を駆動してプライミング液を血漿回路２に流す
第２のポンプ駆動手段１４と、 気泡検知器２７からの検知信号を受けて、第１
のポンプ装置４と第２のポンプ装置７のそれぞれ
に停止信号を送つて、これらポンプ装置４，７を
停止させるポンプ停止手段１５と、 上記検知信号を受けてバルブ２０に閉止信号を
出力して、このバルブ２０を閉止させるバルブ制
御手段１６と を備えてなる血液処理装置。[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] Blood is introduced from the blood introduction part H1 into the membrane module 3 containing a plasma separation membrane, separated into blood cell components and plasma components, and the separated blood cell components are transferred to the blood delivery part.
A blood circulation circuit 1 that returns H2 to the human body, a plasma circuit 2 that derives plasma components separated by the membrane module 3, and a first reversible circuit provided in the blood circulation circuit 1.
a pump device 4, and a second pump device 7 provided in the plasma circuit 2.
a conduit 29 connected to the blood outlet H2 and having a needle H4 at its tip; a bubble detector 27 provided in the conduit 29 to detect air bubbles in the conduit 29; A chamber 28 provided between the end to which the detector 27 and the blood outlet H2 are connected, and the membrane module 3 of the blood circulation circuit 1 and the blood outlet H2.
A valve 20 is attached between H 2 to communicate and cut off the blood circulation circuit 1, and upon receiving a start signal from the outside, sends a reverse drive signal to the first pump device 4 to start this pump device. a first pump driving means 13 that is driven in reverse to flow the priming liquid into the blood circulation circuit 1; and a second pump driving means 13 that receives the start signal and drives the second pump device 7 to flow the priming liquid into the plasma circuit 2. Upon receiving the detection signals from the pump driving means 14 and the bubble detector 27, the first
a pump stop means 15 for sending a stop signal to each of the pump device 4 and the second pump device 7 to stop these pump devices 4 and 7; and a pump stop means 15 for outputting a close signal to the valve 20 in response to the detection signal. , and valve control means 16 for closing this valve 20.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6561086U JPH0446756Y2 (en) | 1986-04-28 | 1986-04-28 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6561086U JPH0446756Y2 (en) | 1986-04-28 | 1986-04-28 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62177737U JPS62177737U (en) | 1987-11-11 |
| JPH0446756Y2 true JPH0446756Y2 (en) | 1992-11-04 |
Family
ID=30902841
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6561086U Expired JPH0446756Y2 (en) | 1986-04-28 | 1986-04-28 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0446756Y2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5041215A (en) * | 1989-11-22 | 1991-08-20 | Cobe Laboratories, Inc. | Dialysis unit priming |
-
1986
- 1986-04-28 JP JP6561086U patent/JPH0446756Y2/ja not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62177737U (en) | 1987-11-11 |
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