JPS62254765A - Blood treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] This invention provides a plasma separator that separates blood cell components and plasma components from blood, and a plasma purifier that removes unnecessary substances from separated FC plasma. Blood processing equipment with.

In particular, the present invention relates to a device that automatically returns blood and plasma remaining in a flow path etc. to a patient after blood processing is completed.

[Conventional technology]

After treatment of renal failure, liver failure, autoimmunity, etc., the patient's blood is separated into plasma components and blood cell components using a plasma separator.
A blood processing method is known in which the separated plasma components are used in a plasma purifier to remove various toxins from the plasma, and the purified plasma is returned to the body. In this type of blood processing method, after blood is processed, it is necessary to perform a so-called recovery operation in which the blood and plasma remaining in the plasma separator, plasma purifier, and flow path are returned to the patient.

Conventional collection work involves a plasma separator and a plasma purifier as described above, and the entire device is complex, so it requires repeated activation and stopping of each pump, adjustment of the flow rate of each pump, Alternatively, this was mainly done manually by opening and closing the channel using a bean or the like.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The above-mentioned collection work was troublesome due to the complicated equipment, took an hour, and the operation was complicated, requiring the operator to have a high level of skill.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the conventional plasma separator, Jl.
[I Serum purifier, the purpose of which is to provide a blood processing device that efficiently and automatically collects blood, plasma, etc. remaining in a flow path into a patient's body.

[Means to solve the problem]

The structure of the present invention for achieving the above object is shown in FIG.

A blood pump 4 is connected to a plasma separator 3 that separates the blood taken out from the blood circulation channel I KFi and the blood outlet Rs into blood cell components and plasma components, and the separated blood cell components are transferred to a venous pressure chamber. 18 and is returned to the human body from the blood introduction section H2. There is a fa2 valve 17 on the blood cell component outlet side of the plasma separator 3 that opens and closes the flow path by pinching from the outside, and a venous chamber 18 for separating gas and liquid is connected to the downstream side of the second valve. has been done. A second detector 19 that can detect the presence of air in the flow path is installed downstream of the venous chamber 18, and between the detector 19 and the blood introduction part H2, the flow path is pinched from the outside. A first valve 20 that opens and closes is provided. The venous chamber 18 has a first valve that identifies whether the fluid level in the chamber is at the proper level (at a position approximately V3 from the lower limit of the chamber) t.
A detector 18D is provided.

The plasma flow path 2 includes a plasma purifier 6 and a plasma pump 7 for removing unnecessary substances from the plasma components separated by the plasma separator 3.
1, and the purified plasma is returned to the human body through the blood circulation flow path 1 downstream of the above-mentioned plasma fractionator 3.

A third valve 11 is provided between the downstream side of the plasma flow path 2 and the blood circulation flow path 1 for communicating and blocking the two flow paths.

Upper gm of plasma separator 30Fa (plasma) chamber! ! A fourth valve 25 is connected to the opening provided in the P liquid chamber, and external air is introduced into the P liquid chamber by this fourth valve 25. In order to avoid contamination by external air, the fourth valve 2
It is preferable to put a sterilizing filter gold film on the air intake port 5.

On the other hand, as a control means, the blood stain collecting unit 13, the plasma collecting means 14, and the collecting end means 15 are operated. When the blood treatment is completed, the blood extraction unit is removed from the human body, and then a start signal is received from the outside. The blood collection means 13 includes a first valve 20 and a second valve 17.
and the third valve 11 are sent, the blood pump 4 is driven, and the blood remaining in the blood circulation flow path is passed through the plasma separator 3 and the venous chamber 18 by the blood pump 4. The blood is returned to the human body through the blood introduction part H2. At this time, air is sucked in from the blood outlet section which is removed from the human body. Then, when the remaining blood in the plasma separator 3 disappears, the blood level in the venous chamber 18 decreases, and the first detector 1sI)
If gas (air) is detected for a certain period of time, blood collection is considered complete. Next, a close signal for the second pulp 17 and an open signal for the third pulp 11 and the fourth pulp 25 are sent to the plasma collection means 14 to stop the driving of the liquid pump 4.

The plasma pump 71 is driven. External air is then forced into the F liquid chamber of the Jfl serum separator from the fourth pulp 25,
The remaining plasma in the plasma separator 3 is sent to the plasma purifier 6 via the bilayer membrane chamber 32.

This remaining plasma passes through the plasma purifier and is transferred to the third pulp 11.
through the venous chamber 18 of the fluid circulation channel
The collapsing liquid is returned to the body from the Sakai entrance H2 via the . Fourth
The external air introduced (from the pulp 25) is transferred to the plasma purifier 6.
, the third pulp 11 is conveyed from the venous chamber 18 of the collapsing fluid circulation channel 1 to the second detector 19 . When the second detector 19 detects the air (gas), upon receiving this signal, the collection termination means 15 stops driving the plasma pump 71 and closes the first pulp 20. The above-mentioned blood collection is completed, but at this time, plasma remains between the second detector 19 and the blood introduction part H2 of the blood circulation channel I.

If this remaining plasma is also to be collected, an opening signal for the first pulp 20 is sent using, for example, a start switch signal, the plasma pump 71 is activated, and the remaining plasma is visually brought close to the blood introduction part H2. After that, the plasma pump 71 is stopped by a stop switch signal, and the plasma remaining between the second detector 19 and the blood introduction part H2 can be collected by sending a close signal to the first pulp 20. The above operations are usually performed manually.

When using physiological saline for blood collection, the blood lead-out section H1 may be connected to a saline bolt. Even in that case, the time when the first detector 18D provided in the venous chamber 18 detects gas (air) can be considered to be the end of collection. When the blood is collected with saline, the first detector 18
D detects blood, then physiological saline, and then gas (air), so it takes a little longer to collect the blood, but it is the same as returning blood to the body using air as described above. It can be carried out in the following steps.

[Effect]

According to the above configuration, after blood processing is completed, the blood extraction unit is removed from the human body, and then the recovery process is started, thereby immediately returning most of the remaining blood that has been extracted outside the body into the body. I can do it.

(9) The remaining plasma is sent to the plasma purifier 6, unnecessary substances are removed, and the purified plasma is returned to the human body, allowing for efficient recovery.

In addition, since the blood collection means, plasma collection means, and collection termination means operate continuously and automatically, the operation is extremely simple, and almost all of the remaining blood and plasma can be collected with only a starting operation.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described above with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a flow diagram during blood processing, where 1 is a blood circulation channel and 2 is a plasma channel. Blood introduction part Hs (shunt,
Blood is taken out from a syringe needle (a part that can communicate with a normal blood sampler or blood reservoir), is pressurized by a blood pump 4, enters an arterial pressure chamber 16, and then enters a plasma separator set vertically. 3 from the upper side, and is separated into m bulb components and plasma components. This plasma separator 3 includes
Plasma separation membrane, for example polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)
A plate-shaped, tube-shaped, or hollow fiber-shaped separation membrane made of a copolymer or the like is accommodated. Usually, the following is used, which is a collection of a large number of hollow fiber separation membranes.

The self-sphere component separated by the plasma separator 3 passes through the second pulp 17 and enters the venous pressure chamber 18 into the bubble detector 1.
9. It passes through the first pulp 20 and returns to the blood outlet section H2 (a section that can be connected to a shunt, drip set, etc.). The venous pressure chamber is equipped with a detector 18D that monitors 9 levels within the chamber.

Furthermore, a pillow sensor 21 made of an inflatable and deflated bag-like body is provided upstream of the blood pump 4 to detect the pressure in the flow path when it becomes difficult to de-sea. , the blood pump 4 is stopped, and the pressure is no longer fc.
,! l: Restart the blood pump 4. 1+, an arterial pressure sensor 23 is connected to the arterial pressure chamber 16 and a heparin injector 22 that mixes a small amount of heparin into #i collapsing fluid to prevent coagulation of blood during treatment. m above
A filtration pressure sensor 24 and an air introduction pulp 25 are connected to the liquid chamber of the serum separator 30F. Further, a venous pressure sensor 26 is connected to the venous pressure chamber 18 .

The no seric acid component separated in the plasma separator 3 is pressurized by the plasma pump 71 in the plasma flow path 2, enters the secondary membrane pressure chamber 32, and is lowered into the plasma purifier 6 set in the vertical direction. It is introduced from the side to remove unnecessary components in the plasma components. The plasma processing agent accommodated in the plasma purifier 6 depends on the unnecessary substances to be removed. For example, activated carbon,
alumina.

Silica, ion exchange tree M″i1, etc. can be used for excursions according to the purpose of removal.Also, they may be mixed at the same time.These processing agents may be modified products of the above substances.Among them, activated carbon is used. Hydrophilic Tokushima molecular membranes, those coated with proteins such as albumin, and those coated with microcapsules are preferably used. The blood is also returned to the human body via the downstream blood circulation channel l.

Further, a second pulp 17 is provided downstream of the plasma separator 3. A third pulse '7'11 is provided between the downstream side of the plasma flow path 2 and the blood circulation flow path 1 (downstream side of the D second pulp 17) for communicating and cutting off communication.

Furthermore, the blood pump 4 is equipped with a blood volume detector 5 that detects the flow rate of the blood circulation flow path 1 based on the rotation speed of the blood pump 40, and the plasma pump 71 is equipped with a blood volume detector 5 that detects the flow rate of the blood circulation channel 1 based on the rotation speed of the blood pump 40.
A plasma collapsing amount detector 81 that detects the flow rate of the plasma flow path 2 based on the rotation speed of the plasma flow path 2 is connected to each of the plasma flow paths 2 and 2.

A control device consisting of a 48d microcomputer,
During clinical practice, this control device #48 controls each of the above-mentioned detectors 5.
, 81 and each pressure sensor 23.24.
, 26 and 37, ensure that the flow rates in the blood circulation channel 1 and the plasma channel 2, and the pressures in the plasma separator 3 and plasma purifier 6 are at appropriate values. Then, the number of revolutions of each of the pumps 4,710 is controlled to process the blood.
This will be explained with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 6 to 6 and the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 7 to 8.

FIG. 1 shows the state when blood processing is completed, and the blood circulation channel is filled with blood and the plasma channel is filled with plasma.

The blood lead-out section H1 is removed from the human body, and the tn liquid introduction section H1 is removed from the human body.
2 is connected to the human body.

Also, blood pump 4, plasma pump 71. Please stop and
Pulp 11, 17, 20 is open and pulp 25 is closed.

The above is the state before the start of collection, and 70-
Step into the chart! ◇When a recovery start signal is received from the outside, the control device 48 is activated and the pulp 11 is closed. There is also blood pump 4.

For example, it starts rotating at a flow rate of 40 m/min, external air is taken in from the blood extraction city, and the remaining blood in the blood circulation channel is returned from the blood extraction city to the human body.

This state is shown in step 2 of the flowchart of FIG. 7, and is shown in FIG. If condition 2 continues in this step, the plasma separator 3 will run out of blood 9 and the blood level in the venous chamber 18 will then drop. When the detector 18D provided in the chamber detects air, the process proceeds to the next step 3. Since air gets mixed into the venous chamber 18 at the end of step 2, a safety measure is taken to prevent the process from proceeding to the next step if air is detected for a short period of time (for example, within 1 second).

The blood outlet portion may be connected to a physiological saline reservoir without being opened to the outside. In this case, the processing time of step 2 will be longer, but the residual blood in the plasma separator 3 will be more completely expelled. , blood collection efficiency increases and air is taken in when saline runs out, so a similar flow can be applied.

In the K3 step, the pulp is 25.20% as shown in Figure 5.
．． 11 opens, pulp 17 closes, and blood pump 4
is stopped, the plasma pump 71 is rotated at a flow rate of, for example, 40 d/min, and the remaining plasma in the plasma separator 3 is started to be delivered to the plasma purifier 6 by introducing air into the pulp 25.

The remaining plasma in the plasma separator passes through the pulp 11 from the plasma purifier 6, passes through the venous pressure chamber 18, passes through the detector 19, and is returned to the human body. The plasma is returned to detector 1.
When 9 detects air, proceed to step 4. In step 4, close the pulp 20% 25 as shown in Figure 6.
The drive of the plasma pump is stopped and one collection operation is completed.

In this state, plasma remains between the detector 19 of the blood circulation channel 1 and the blood outlet H2, so when recovering this remaining plasma, manually remove the plasma as shown in steps Ks and Km. By driving the pump to drive the plasma close to the blood introduction section H2 and stopping the drive of the plasma pump with the stop switch, the nine plasma remaining between the first detector and the blood output section can be completely collected.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, after the clinical treatment is completed, the remaining blood in the blood circulation channel and the remaining plasma in the plasma channel can be removed by simply removing the blood outlet section from the human body and pressing the recovery start switch. can be automatically and safely collected.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram showing the state of the blood processing apparatus according to the invention during blood processing, and Figs. 3 to 6 show the operation of the same embodiment. A simplified circuit diagram, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are flowcharts showing the control method of the same embodiment. 4... blood pump, 18D... first detector, 6... plasma purifier, 11... third pulp,
13... Blood collection means, 14... Plasma collection means, 1
5... Recovery termination means, 17... Second pulp %19
...first detector, 20...first pulp, 25.
...Fourth pulp, 37...Third detector Fig. 7 Fig. 8

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A blood circulation channel 1 that separates blood supplied to a plasma separator 3 by a blood pump 4 into blood cell components and plasma components, and returns the blood cell components to the human body; The separated plasma components are transferred to a blood pump 71.
The plasma is introduced into a plasma purifier 6 containing an unnecessary substance processing agent for removing unnecessary substances from the plasma and purified, and the purified plasma is sent to the human body via the blood circulation channel 1 downstream of the plasma separator. first and second detectors 1 spaced apart from each other for identifying the returning plasma flow path 2 and the fluid in the blood circulation flow path 1 downstream of the plasma separator 3;
8D, 19, a first valve 20 that opens and closes the blood circulation channel 1 downstream of the second detector 19, and a second valve 20 that opens and closes the blood circulation channel 1 downstream of the plasma separator 3.
a third valve 11 that communicates with and shuts off the plasma flow path 2 and the blood circulation flow path 1 downstream of the plasma separator 3; and an upper part of the filtrate chamber of the plasma separator 3. A fourth valve 25 that opens and closes an air inlet provided in the In response to the blood collection means 13 opening the valve 17 and the gas detection signal from the first detector 18D, the second valve 17 is closed and the third valve 11 and the fourth pulp 25 are opened. , a plasma collection means 14 that stops the blood pump 4 and drives the plasma pump 71; and upon receiving the gas detection signal from the second detector 19, the first
The blood introduction section H is provided with a recovery end means for closing the valve 20 of
_1 is removed from a human body, and blood and plasma remaining between a plasma separator, a plasma purifier, and a flow path are automatically collected.