JPH0614964B2 - Method and device for automatic priming treatment of blood purification circuit - Google Patents

Description

Description: [Industrial field of application] The present invention automatically fills a circuit for priming an extracorporeal blood circulation circuit including a dialyzer (blood purifier), that is, a blood purification circuit, in order to perform the priming treatment. The present invention relates to a regular method and device.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, the priming process of the blood purification circuit is to increase the affinity between the blood passage and the blood separation membrane and blood when starting the operation of the blood purification circuit, and to remove the air existing in the blood separation membrane. That is, for example, a process of exhausting all the air in the blood circuit and the dialyzer and replacing it with physiological saline is performed.

As a conventional blood purification circuit for performing such a priming process, for example, as shown in FIG.
In an artificial dialysis device having a blood pump 3, a bubble detector 4, and a means 5 for closing the blood circuit in a blood circuit 2 including a blood pigment detector 6 installed on the vein side of the blood circuit 2. The signals from the dye detector 6, the air bubble detector 4, and the operation unit 7 are input to the controller 8, respectively, and the blood pump is operated after a predetermined time has elapsed from the time when no air bubbles are present in the blood circuit 2. 3 and the circuit closing means 5
Is operated to perform the priming treatment operation with the priming liquid from the priming liquid container 9, and the blood pump 3 and the circuit closing means 5 are operated when the concentration in the blood circuit 2 becomes a predetermined value or less. A method has been proposed in which control is performed so as to perform a blood collecting process operation (see Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 60-153138, hereinafter referred to as Prior Art I).

In addition, a method in which a high / low speed switching operation operation of the blood pump 3 and an automatic liquid level adjusting operation of the drip chamber Dc are added to the conventional technology I is also proposed and implemented (hereinafter, this method will be referred to as the conventional technology). II)).

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, in the artificial dialyzer, the dialyzer 1 is connected to the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood circuit to form a circulation circuit, and overflows above the drip chamber Dc2 of the blood circuit 2. By providing the tube L1 and the means V1 for closing the tube, the blood pump 3 is operated with the tube closing means V1 being opened to supply the priming liquid to the blood circuit 2
The priming liquid is supplied to the circulation circuit 2 from the priming liquid storage container 9 at a predetermined flow rate, and a part of the priming liquid is discharged from the overflow tube L1 to perform the priming process.
Then, before or at the same time as the liquid in the priming liquid storage container 9 is exhausted, the tube closing means V1
A method has been proposed in which the priming process is controlled by activating the valve to close the tube (Shokai Sho 6
3-180049 gazette ... Hereinafter, it calls the prior art III ...
reference).

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, in the above-described conventional priming processing method, for example, in the conventional technique I, the presence or absence of air in the blood circuit is detected, and the blood pump is stopped after a predetermined time after the air is no longer detected, and the circuit closing means ( When using a wet type dialyzer that is shipped as a product filled with liquid in the dialyzer that is currently used, air is introduced into the dialyzer at the start of operation. The hollow fibers that make up the airlock are in an airlocked state, and air tends to remain in the dialyzer at the end of the priming process, resulting in residual blood during clinical use and the inability to automatically adjust the liquid level in the drip chamber. is there.

Further, in the related art II, as compared with the related art I,
Although it is possible to automatically adjust the liquid level in the drip chamber, there is a drawback that it requires some manual operation and is not suitable for a wet type dialyzer as described above.

Further, in the conventional technique III, as compared with the conventional technique I, a priming liquid recirculation function is provided to increase the circulation amount in the blood circuit, thereby reducing the residual air bubble amount and increasing the cleaning effect. Although achievable, there are drawbacks that are not suitable for wet type dialyzers as before.

Therefore, the object of the present invention, when performing a priming treatment of the extracorporeal circulation circuit in the state where the dialyzer and the blood circuit are connected, a part or all of the inlet side circuit of the dialyzer,
Even when a wet type dialyzer and other dialyzers are used, air is supplied to the dialyzer by filling the dialyzer with the solution previously filled, and then filling the priming solution into the dialyzer inlet side circuit and the dialyzer. Can be prevented, the amount of residual bubbles in the dialyzer at the end of the priming treatment can be significantly reduced, the airlock phenomenon in the hollow fiber can be reduced, and the performance of the dialyzer can be reduced. An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic priming treatment method and device for a blood purification circuit that can reduce the amount of residual blood in the dialyzer and improve the cleaning effect of the priming liquid.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The method for automatically priming a blood purification circuit according to the present invention is provided with a blood collection side connector and a blood return side connector at both ends of a blood purification circuit including a blood pump and a dialyzer, and a blood pump is arranged on the upstream side of the dialyzer. A priming liquid reservoir is connected between the blood pump and the blood collecting side connector, and an opening / closing means is provided in the blood purification circuit to drive the blood pump to fill the blood purification circuit with the priming liquid. In the automatic priming method, part or all of the dialyzer inlet side blood purification circuit is filled with the liquid filled in the dialyzer by the reverse operation or the head of the blood pump, and then the priming liquid reservoir is primed. Filling the dialyzer inlet side blood purification circuit with dialysate And it features.

As the automatic priming treatment method, the first opening / closing valve is provided in a part of the priming liquid supply pipe connecting the blood purification circuit and the priming liquid reservoir, and the second opening / closing valve is provided on the inlet side of the dialyzer. An overflow pipe is provided in communication with a drip chamber provided in a part of the blood purification circuit on the inlet side of the dialyzer, and a third opening / closing valve is provided for the overflow pipe. First, the second opening / closing valve is provided. Is opened, the liquid filled in the dialyzer is filled in the blood purification circuit between the inlet of the dialyzer and the inlet side drip chamber, and then the second opening / closing valve is closed and connected to the inlet side drip chamber. The third opening / closing valve and the first opening / closing valve provided in the overflow pipe, and the blood pump is driven to the inlet side. Discharging the air in the lip chamber can thereafter the said second on-off valve is opened with the third on-off valve closes, and controls so as to feed the priming liquid to the dialyzer by the blood pump.

Further, in the above-described automatic priming treatment method, the blood pump is reversely driven so that the liquid filled in the dialyzer can be filled in the blood purification circuit between the inlet of the dialyzer and the drip chamber on the inlet side thereof. it can.

Further, it is also possible to fill the liquid filled in the dialyzer into the blood purification circuit between the inlet of the dialyzer and the inlet side drip chamber by the drop without driving the blood pump.

On the other hand, an automatic priming treatment device for a blood purification circuit according to the present invention for carrying out the method is provided with a blood collection side connector and a blood return side connector at both ends of a blood purification circuit including a blood pump and a dialyzer, and a dialyzer. A blood pump is arranged on the upstream side of the blood pump and a priming liquid reservoir is connected between the blood pump and the blood collecting side connector, and the blood purifying circuit is provided with an opening / closing means to drive the blood pump. In an automatic priming processing apparatus provided with a control means for filling a priming liquid in a purification circuit, a first opening / closing valve is provided in a part of a priming liquid supply pipe connecting the blood purification circuit and a priming liquid reservoir, A second on-off valve is provided on the inlet side of the dialyzer, and a part of the blood purification circuit on the inlet side of the dialyzer is provided. An overflow pipe digit drip chamber communicatively connected, and providing a third on-off valve to the overflow pipe.

In the automatic priming processing apparatus, the first opening / closing valve is provided in a part of the priming liquid supply pipe, and the second opening / closing valve is provided.
The on-off valve can be provided in a part of the blood purification circuit on the inlet side or the outlet side of the dialyzer.

Further, the fifth and sixth opening / closing valves can be provided in a part of the blood purification circuit which is respectively close to the blood collecting side connector and the blood returning side connector.

Further, an overflow pipe is connected in communication with a drip chamber provided in a part of the blood purification circuit on the outlet side of the dialyzer, and a fourth opening / closing valve is provided for the overflow pipe, and the inlet side drip chamber and the outlet side drip chamber are provided. A liquid level detector can be provided for automatic liquid level adjustment.

[Action]

According to the method for automatically priming a blood purification circuit according to the present invention, basically, by first filling the blood purification circuit on the inlet side of the dialyzer with the liquid filled in the dialyzer, and then driving the blood pump. By supplying the priming liquid while discharging the air in the inlet side drip chamber and sending the priming liquid to the dialyzer, it is possible to easily prevent air bubbles from being mixed into the dialyzer.

As the most suitable means, first, the opening / closing means (second opening / closing valve) on the inlet side of the dialyzer is opened so that the liquid filled in the dialyzer is introduced into the dialyzer and the drip on the inlet side thereof. The blood purification circuit between the chamber and the chamber is filled, and then the opening / closing means (second
By closing the on-off valve), the opening-closing means (third on-off valve) provided in the overflow pipe connected to the inlet side drip chamber is opened, and the blood pump is driven to supply the priming liquid, Air in the inlet drip chamber is discharged, and then the opening / closing means (third opening / closing valve) provided in the overflow pipe is closed and the opening / closing means (second opening / closing valve) on the inlet side of the dialyzer is opened. By sending the priming liquid to the dialyzer by the blood pump, it is possible to easily achieve the prevention of air bubbles from entering the dialyzer.

〔Example〕

Next, a method for automatically priming a blood purification circuit according to the present invention will be described in detail below in relation to an apparatus for carrying out this method.

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a blood purification circuit for performing an automatic priming process according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 is a blood pump, 12 is a wet type dialyzer, and blood purification circuit 1 having blood collecting side connector 14 and blood returning side connector 16 provided at both ends thereof, respectively.
8 is connected and arranged. Therefore, the blood purification circuit 18
A priming liquid supply pipe 22 connected to the priming liquid reservoir 20 is connected between the blood collection side connector 14 and the blood pump 10, and the drip chamber 24 is provided at the inlet side and the outlet side of the dialyzer 12, respectively. 26
Are connected and arranged. Further, each of the drip chambers 2
4, 26 are overflow pipes 28, 3 respectively.
The liquid level detectors 32 and 34 are provided while 0 is connected. A blood pressure detection pipe 36 is led out from the outlet side drip chamber 26 of the dialyzer 12,
A blood pressure monitor 40 is connected to the blood pressure detection pipe 36 via a clamp 38.

With respect to the blood collection side connector 14 and the blood return side connector 16 of the blood purification circuit 18 thus configured, an arterial blood circuit connected to the artery of the human body 42 and a vein connected to the vein of the human body 45, respectively. The blood circuit is connected to the side blood circuit to purify blood. Further, the blood purification circuit 18 has
A part of the priming liquid supply pipe 22, a position close to the inlet side of the dialyzer 12, a part of the overflow pipe 28, a part of the overflow pipe 30, a position close to the blood collection side connector 14, and a blood return side. An on-off valve 51, is provided at a position close to the connector 16,
52, 53, 54, 55, 56 are provided. And
For each of the on-off valves 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56 and the blood pump 10, there is provided a control unit 50 that controls these units and an operation unit 60 that operates the control unit 50. To be

Next, an automatic priming processing method in the blood purification circuit having the above configuration will be described with reference to the operation process chart of each component shown in FIG.

First, in the operation process 0, it is in a stopped (standby) state, all on-off valves are closed, and the blood pump 10 is also in a stopped state.

Next, in the operation process 1, it is the time when the priming switch in the operation unit 60 is turned on, which causes the control unit 50 to open / close the valves 52, 54, 55, 56.
Is opened and the blood pump 10 is driven in reverse at a low speed to fill the liquid filled in the wet type dialyzer 12 into the blood purification circuit (I) between the inlet of the dialyzer 12 and the inlet side drip chamber 24 for priming. Is done.

In the operation step 2, the controller 50 controls the opening / closing valve 5
Blood pump 10 with 1, 53 and 55 opened
Is switched to the low speed forward rotation drive, and the priming liquid reservoir 20
The priming solution of the blood pump 10 and the blood collecting side connector 1
4 is filled in the blood purification circuit (II) and the priming is performed. At this time, the excess priming liquid is discharged from the blood collecting side connector 14.

In the operation step 3, the opening / closing valve 55 is closed while only the low speed forward rotation of the blood pump 10 is continued, and only the opening / closing valves 51 and 53 are opened, so that the inlet side drip chamber 24
And a blood purification circuit between this and the blood pump 10 (II
Priming is performed by filling I) with the priming liquid in the priming liquid reservoir 20. At this time, the excess priming liquid is discharged from the overflow pipe 28. Further, in this case, the liquid level detector 32 can automatically adjust the liquid level in the inlet side drip chamber 24.

In the operation step 4, similarly to the above, the open / close valve 53 is closed while the low speed forward drive of the blood pump 10 is continued,
Only the on-off valves 51, 52 and 54 are opened. As a result, the priming liquid in the priming liquid reservoir 20 is filled in the dialyzer 12 to perform priming, and is also filled in the outlet side drip chamber 26 and the blood purification circuit (IV) between the outlet drip chamber 26 and the outlet of the dialyzer 12. Is primed. At this time, the excess priming liquid is discharged from the overflow pipe 30.
In this case, the liquid level detector 34 can automatically adjust the liquid level in the outlet side drip chamber 26.

In the operation step 5, similarly to the above, the open / close valve 54 is closed while the low speed forward drive of the blood pump 10 is continued,
Only the on-off valves 51, 52 and 56 are opened. As a result, the priming liquid in the priming liquid reservoir 20 is filled in the blood purification circuit (V) between the outlet side drip chamber 26 and the blood return side connector 16 for priming. At this time, the excess priming liquid is discharged from the blood return side connector 16.

Further, in the operation step 6, the blood pump 10 is switched to the high-speed normal rotation drive to open the opening / closing valves 51 and 56 and the opening / closing valve 52 provided on the inlet side of the dialyzer 12.
By repeatedly performing the opening and closing operations at an appropriate cycle, all the circuits (IV) of the blood purification circuit 18 can be degassed and washed. The blood pump 10
By repeatedly switching between low speed and high speed to cause a change in speed, it is possible to further improve the effects of air bubble removal and cleaning. Also in this case, the excess priming liquid is discharged from the blood return side connector 16.

Then, in the operation process 7, after the priming process of the operation process 6 is performed for a predetermined time, the driving of the blood pump 10 is stopped, all the open / close valves are closed, and the priming process completion display is appropriately performed.

As described above, according to the priming treatment method of the present invention, the wet type dialyzer 12 and the blood purification circuit 1 are provided.
In the state where 8 is connected, the air in the blood purification circuit (I) between the inlet of the dialyzer 12 and the inlet side drip chamber 24 is discharged using the filling liquid in the dialyzer 12.
After that, the priming liquid is sent to the dialyzer 12 so that air cannot be introduced into the dialyzer 12.

Therefore, according to the present invention, as a modified example of the embodiment,
For example, instead of the inlet side opening / closing valve 52 of the dialyzer 12,
An on-off valve may be provided on the outlet side of the dialyzer 12, or the on-off valves 54 and 56 may be used. Further, the blood purifying circuit (I) can be filled with the filling liquid in the dialyzer 12 by a drop without rotating the blood pump 10 in the reverse direction. Further, when the blood pump 10 is driven in the reverse direction, not only the blood purification circuit (I) but also the inlet drip chamber 24 and the blood purification circuit (III) may be filled with the filling liquid in the dialyzer 12.

〔The invention's effect〕

As is apparent from the above-mentioned embodiments, according to the present invention,
First, the blood filling circuit in the dialyzer is filled in the blood purification circuit on the inlet side of the dialyzer, and then the blood pump is driven to supply the priming liquid while discharging the air in the drip chamber on the inlet side. By sending the liquid to the dialyzer, it is possible to easily prevent air bubbles from entering the dialyzer.

As means for carrying out this method, an on-off valve is connected to an appropriate position of a blood purification circuit provided with a priming solution supply system, a blood pump, a dialyzer, a drip chamber, and an overflow pipe, respectively, and these on-off valves are set to predetermined positions. The automatic priming process can be easily realized by configuring the automatic opening / closing control according to the sequence.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively achieve the priming process when the wet type dialyzer is used. In particular, since the amount of air bubbles remaining in the dialyzer after finishing the priming treatment can be significantly reduced, the airlock phenomenon in the hollow fiber is small, the cleaning effect by the priming liquid can be improved, and the performance of the dialyzer can be reduced. It has many advantages such as not. Therefore, according to the present invention, the amount of residual blood in the dialyzer after the treatment can be significantly reduced.

Further, according to the present invention, the automatic priming process can be performed in the state where the dialyzer and the blood purification circuit are connected from the beginning, and therefore, the management of the dialyzer can be made more hygienic.

Further, according to the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the wet type dialyzer and can be applied to the dry type dialyzer as it is.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and it goes without saying that various design changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a blood purification circuit showing an embodiment of the automatic priming treatment method according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an operation process explanatory diagram when performing the automatic priming treatment by the blood purification circuit shown in FIG. , FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are system diagrams of artificial dialysis machines showing a conventional automatic priming treatment method. 10 ... Blood pump 12 ... Dialyzer 14 ... Blood collection side connector 16 ... Blood return side connector 18 ... Blood purification circuit 20 ... Priming liquid reservoir 22 ... Priming liquid supply pipe 24 ... Inlet side drip chamber 26 ... Outlet side drip chamber 28, 30 Overflow pipes 32, 34 Liquid level detector 36 Blood pressure detection pipe 38 Clamp 40 Blood pressure monitor 42 Human body 50 Control unit 60 Operating unit 51 Open / close valve (priming liquid supply pipe 22) 52 Open / close valve (Inlet side of dialyzer 12 ... Open / close valve (overflow pipe 28) 54 ... Open / close valve (overflow pipe 30) 55 ... Open / close valve (blood collection side connector 14) 56 ... Open / close valve (blood return side connector 16) 60 ... Operation part

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A blood collecting side connector and a blood returning side connector are provided at both ends of a blood purification circuit including a blood pump and a dialyzer, the blood pump is arranged upstream of the dialyzer, and the blood pump and the blood collecting side connector are connected to each other. An automatic priming treatment method in which a priming liquid reservoir is connected between the blood purification circuit and an opening / closing means is provided in the blood purification circuit to drive the blood pump to fill the priming liquid in the blood purification circuit, wherein an inlet of a dialyzer A part or all of the side blood purification circuit is filled with the liquid filled in the dialyzer by the reverse operation or the drop of the blood pump, and then the priming liquid in the priming liquid reservoir is purified by the inlet side blood of the dialyzer. Automatic priming of blood purification circuit characterized by filling circuit and dialyzer Processing method. 2. A first on-off valve is provided in a part of a priming solution supply pipe connecting a blood purification circuit and a priming solution reservoir, and a second on-off valve is provided on an inlet side of the dialyzer, and the dialyzer is provided. An overflow pipe is communicatively connected to a drip chamber provided in a part of the blood purification circuit on the inlet side of the, and a third opening / closing valve is provided for the overflow pipe, and first the second opening / closing valve is opened to open the dialyzer. Is filled in the blood purification circuit between the inlet of the dialyzer and the inlet side drip chamber, and then the second opening / closing valve is closed and the overflow pipe connected to the inlet side drip chamber is closed. The third on-off valve provided and the first on-off valve are opened, and the blood pump is driven to discharge the air in the inlet side drip chamber. The automatic priming process of the blood purification circuit according to claim 1, wherein after that, the third on-off valve is closed and the second on-off valve is opened, and the priming liquid is fed to the dialyzer by a blood pump. Method. 3. The blood purification system according to claim 2, wherein the liquid filled in the dialyzer is filled in the blood purification circuit between the inlet of the dialyzer and the drip chamber on the inlet side by driving the blood pump in the reverse direction. Circuit automatic priming method. 4. The blood according to claim 2, wherein the liquid filled in the dialyzer is filled in the blood purification circuit between the inlet of the dialyzer and the drip chamber on the inlet side by a drop without driving the blood pump. Purification circuit automatic priming treatment method. 5. A blood collecting side connector and a blood returning side connector are provided at both ends of a blood purification circuit including a blood pump and a dialyzer, the blood pump is arranged upstream of the dialyzer, and the blood pump and the blood collecting side connector are connected to each other. In an automatic priming treatment apparatus comprising a priming liquid reservoir connected between the blood purification circuit and an opening / closing means for driving the blood pump to control the blood purifying circuit to be filled with the priming liquid. A first opening / closing valve is provided at a part of a priming liquid supply pipe connecting the blood purification circuit and the priming liquid reservoir, and a second opening / closing valve is provided at an inlet side of the dialyzer, and an inlet side of the dialyzer is provided. The overflow pipe is connected to the drip chamber provided in a part of the blood purification circuit in Third to pipe
An automatic priming processing device for a blood purification circuit, which is provided with an on-off valve. 6. The first opening / closing valve is provided in a part of the priming liquid supply pipe, and the second opening / closing valve is provided in a part of the blood purification circuit on the inlet side or the outlet side of the dialyzer. Automatic priming processing device for blood purification circuit. 7. The automatic priming of the blood purification circuit according to claim 5 or 6, wherein fifth and sixth on-off valves are provided in a part of the blood purification circuit adjacent to the blood collecting side connector and the blood returning side connector, respectively. Processing equipment. 8. An overflow pipe is communicatively connected to a drip chamber provided in a part of the blood purification circuit on the outlet side of the dialyzer, and a fourth opening / closing valve is provided for this overflow pipe, and the inlet side drip chamber and the outlet are provided. 8. The automatic priming processing device for a blood purification circuit according to claim 5, wherein each side drip chamber is provided with a liquid level detector.