JP2007020962A - Blood component sampling device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a blood component sampling device capable of preventing blood components and blood from scattering from the needle tip of a hollow needle removed from a donor. <P>SOLUTION: The blood component sampling device 1 comprises a blood component sampling circuit 2 provided with a blood collection/blood reinfusion line 21 and the hollow needle 291 connected to one end side of it, a blood pump 11, and a third flow path opening/closing means 53 for opening and closing the flow path of a hollow needle side line 21a between a branching connector 21c and the hollow needle 291. The blood component sampling device 1 closes the third flow path opening/closing means 53 after the blood reinfusion process of a final cycle is ended, normally rotates the blood pump 11, executes the pressure reducing processing operation of turning the inside of the flow path of the blood collection/blood reinfusion line 21 on the side of the blood pump 11 from the part closed by the third flow path opening/closing means 53 to a negative pressure state, and when an operator presses a flow path opening switch displayed on a touch panel 19, executes the flow path opening operation of opening the third flow path opening/closing means 53 for prescribed time and then closing it. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a blood component collection device.

  When collecting blood, for reasons such as effective use of blood and reduction of the burden on the donor (donor), the collected blood is separated into each blood component by centrifugation, etc., and only the components necessary for the transfuser are collected. Ingredient blood is collected to return the ingredient to the donor.

  In such component blood collection, for example, when collecting plasma (when obtaining a plasma preparation), blood collected from a donor is introduced into a blood component collection circuit using a blood component collection device, and the blood component collection circuit Plasma and blood cells are separated by a centrifuge called a centrifuge bowl installed in 1. The plasma (predetermined blood components) is collected in a blood component collection bag to form a plasma preparation, and the blood cells are collected into the donor together with the remaining plasma. Return (blood return) is performed. That is, in the case of collecting plasma, at least one blood component collecting operation including a blood component collecting step for collecting plasma and a blood component returning step (blood returning step) for returning the remaining blood components (mainly blood cells) to the donor. A cycle (usually a plurality of cycles) is performed (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  When the component blood collection is completed, that is, the blood return step of the final cycle is completed, the hollow needle (blood collection needle) punctured in the donor's blood vessel is removed (withdrawal). And in order to prevent a false puncture etc., a protector is attached to a hollow needle and a hollow needle is covered with a protector.

  However, many of the protectors are open at the tip, and in the conventional blood component collection device, there is a risk that blood components (blood) may scatter from the tip of the hollow needle to which the protector is attached. In this case, even if the middle of the flow path of the blood collection / return line where the hollow needle is provided at one end is closed with a clamp or the like, the blood component in the flow path from the clamp to the needle tip is It will scatter from the tip. Such a problem is not limited to the blood component collecting device used when collecting the component blood, but also applies to the blood collecting device used when collecting the whole blood (blood).

JP 2001-17540 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a blood component collection device capable of preventing blood components and blood from being scattered from the tip of a hollow needle removed from a donor.

  Such an object is achieved by the present inventions (1) to (8) below. Moreover, it is preferable that it is following (9)-(12).

(1) A blood component collection device for collecting blood from a donor, separating the blood, and collecting a predetermined blood component,
A hollow needle pierced into a donor blood vessel, a blood treatment line communicating with the hollow needle for blood collection and / or return, a blood separator communicating with the blood treatment line for separating blood, and the blood A blood component collection circuit having a blood component collection bag for collecting a predetermined blood component separated by a separator;
A liquid feeding means installed in the blood processing line, for feeding blood or blood components in the blood processing line;
Channel opening and closing means for opening and closing the channel of the blood treatment line between the liquid feeding means and the hollow needle;
Control means for controlling the operation of the liquid feeding means and the flow path opening and closing means,
The control means closes the flow path of the blood processing line by the flow path opening / closing means after the blood collection or blood return is completed, and then operates the liquid feeding means to A blood component configured to execute a decompression processing operation for bringing the inside of the flow path of the blood processing line on the liquid feeding means side into a negative pressure state from a portion blocked by the flow path opening / closing means Collection device.

(2) The blood component collection circuit has an anticoagulant injection line that branches from a branch portion provided in the blood processing line and injects an anticoagulant,
The blood component collection device according to (1), wherein the flow path opening / closing means opens and closes a flow path of the blood processing line between the branch portion and the hollow needle.

  (3) The control unit is configured to perform a flow path opening operation for opening the flow path of the blood processing line by the flow path opening / closing means after the decompression processing operation. The blood component collection device according to 2).

  (4) The flow path opening operation is configured to close the flow path of the blood processing line after the flow path opening / closing means opens the flow path of the blood processing line for a predetermined time. The blood component collection device according to 1.

(5) having pressure detection means for detecting the pressure in the blood treatment line on the hollow needle side from the flow path opening / closing means;
The control unit is configured to execute the channel opening operation when a pressure drop is detected by the pressure detection unit after the channel of the blood processing line is closed by the channel opening / closing unit. The blood component collection device according to the above (3) or (4).

(6) having an input means for accepting the input of the operator's instructions;
The control means is configured to execute the flow path opening operation when an instruction to start the flow path opening operation is input to the input means. The blood component collection device described in 1.

(7) having an input means for accepting the input of the operator's instructions;
The control means executes the pressure reduction processing operation when an instruction to start the pressure reduction processing operation and the flow path opening operation is input to the input means, and then executes the flow path opening operation. The blood component collection device according to (3) or (4), wherein the blood component collection device is configured to do so.

(8) The blood component collection device collects blood from the donor, separates the blood, collects a predetermined blood component, and returns the remaining blood component to the donor. And at least one cycle of blood component collection operation comprising the steps of:
The blood component collection device according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the control means is configured to execute the decompression processing operation after the blood component return step of the final cycle is completed.

(9) A blood collection device for collecting blood from a donor,
A blood circuit having a hollow needle pierced into a donor's blood vessel, and a blood processing line communicating with the hollow needle and collecting blood;
A liquid feeding means installed in the blood processing line, for feeding blood in the blood processing line;
Channel opening and closing means for opening and closing the channel of the blood treatment line between the liquid feeding means and the hollow needle;
Control means for controlling the operation of the liquid feeding means and the flow path opening and closing means,
The control means closes the flow path of the blood processing line by the flow path opening / closing means after the blood collection is completed, and then operates the liquid feeding means to open the flow path opening / closing means of the blood processing line. A blood collecting apparatus configured to execute a decompression processing operation for bringing the inside of the flow path of the blood processing line on the liquid delivery means side into a negative pressure state from a site blocked by

  (10) The control unit according to (9), wherein the control unit is configured to perform a channel opening operation for opening the channel of the blood processing line by the channel opening / closing unit after the decompression processing operation. Blood collection device.

  (11) The flow path opening operation is configured to close the flow path of the blood processing line after the flow path opening / closing means opens the flow path of the blood processing line for a predetermined time. The blood collection device described in 1.

(12) having pressure detection means for detecting the pressure in the blood treatment line on the hollow needle side from the flow path opening and closing means;
The control unit is configured to execute the channel opening operation when a pressure drop is detected by the pressure detection unit after the channel of the blood processing line is closed by the channel opening / closing unit. The blood collection device according to (10) or (11).

  According to the present invention, when a flow path in which the inside is in a negative pressure state is opened, blood and blood components in the flow path are sucked toward the liquid feeding means side, thereby The blood and blood components located at the needle tip flow (drawn) toward the liquid feeding means. Then, the blood component and blood can be prevented from being scattered from the tip of the hollow needle extracted from the donor by closing the flow path on the tip side of the tip of blood and blood component. it can.

  Hereinafter, the blood component collection device of the present invention will be described in detail based on preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view (partly including a block diagram) showing a first embodiment when the blood component collection device of the present invention is applied to a plasma collection device that mainly collects plasma, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a partially broken cross-sectional view showing a state in which a centrifuge drive device is mounted on the centrifuge provided in the blood component collection device shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the blood component collection device shown in FIG. is there.

  A blood component collection device (plasma collection device) (blood collection device) 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a hollow needle (blood collection needle) (blood collection means for collecting blood from a donor) 291 pierced into a blood vessel of a donor (blood donor), A centrifuge (centrifuge bowl) (blood separator) 20 that centrifuges the collected blood in the blood storage space 146, and a plasma collection bag (blood) that collects plasma (blood components) separated by the centrifuge 20 A blood component collection circuit (blood circuit) 2 having a component collection bag) 25, and after centrifuging blood collected from a donor and collecting a predetermined amount of plasma, white blood cells, platelets and red blood cells ( This is a device that returns the remaining blood components to the donor.

  The blood component collection device 1 includes a hollow needle 291, a blood collection / return line (blood treatment line) 21 that serves as both a blood collection line and a blood return line, a centrifuge 20, and an outlet of the centrifuge 20. The collection bag side line 22 connected to 144, the anticoagulant injection line 23 connected to the blood collection / return line 21, and the collection bag side line 22 are connected in the middle of the collection bag side line 22. Air bag side line 24 communicating with outlet 144 of centrifuge 20, plasma collection bag (blood component collection bag) 25 connected to collection bag side line 22, plasma collection bag 25 and tube (flow path) 32a The blood component collection circuit 2 includes the sub bag 32 connected by the above and the air bag 26 connected to the air bag side line 24.

  The blood component collection device 1 includes a centrifuge drive device 10 for rotating the rotor 142 of the centrifuge 20 and a blood pump (liquid feed) for feeding blood or blood components in the blood collection / return line 21. Means) 11, an anticoagulant pump 12 for feeding an anticoagulant in the anticoagulant injection line 23, and a first flow path opening / closing means 51 for opening and closing the flow path of the blood component collection circuit 2. Second flow path opening / closing means 52 and third flow path opening / closing means 53, centrifuge drive device 10, blood pump 11, anticoagulant pump 12, first flow path opening / closing means 51, second flow path Control means 55 for controlling the opening / closing means 52 and the third flow path opening / closing means 53, the turbidity sensor 14, the optical sensor 15, the weight sensor 16, the first bubble sensor 17, and the second Bubble sensor 34, a third bubble sensor 35, A bubble sensor 36 4, and the fifth bubble sensor 37, and a touch panel 19.

Hereinafter, the configuration of each unit will be described.
The hollow needle 291 is connected to one end of the blood collection / return line 21, and a wing 292 is provided on the proximal end side of the hollow needle 291. In FIG. 1, the hollow needle 291 is covered with a cap.

  The blood collection / return line 21 is disposed between the hollow needle side line 21a to which the hollow needle 291 is connected at one end and the centrifuge side line 21b to which the inlet 143 of the centrifuge 20 is connected. Pump tube 21g.

  The hollow needle side line 21a includes a chamber 21d for removing bubbles and microaggregates.

  An air-permeable and bacteria-impermeable filter 21i is connected to the chamber 21d through a tube (flow path) 21h. This line is connected to a donor pressure sensor (donor pressure detection means) (not shown) that detects the internal pressure of the hollow needle side line 21a, that is, the donor pressure.

  The collection bag side line 22 has one end connected to the outlet 144 of the centrifuge 20 and the other end connected to the plasma collection bag 25. In the middle of the collection bag side line 22, a branch connector 61 is provided that branches into three (three forks) (a total of four connection ports). The collection bag side line 22 is connected via the branch connector 61. Connected.

  The branch connector 61 is connected to a filter 63 that is air-permeable and bacteria-impermeable through a tube (flow path) 62. This line can be used, for example, for detecting the internal pressure of the centrifuge 20.

  One end of the anticoagulant injection line 23 is connected to a branch connector 21 c provided in the blood collection / return line 21. That is, the anticoagulant injection line 23 (flow path) 23 branches from the branch connector (branch part) 21c, that is, branches from the first line (flow path) 21 via the branch connector 21c. The branch connector 21c is located (provided) in the vicinity of the hollow needle 291. The anticoagulant injection line 23 has a pump tube 23a, a sterilization filter (infusion filter) 64 from the branch connector 21c side. And a bubble removing chamber 23c and an anticoagulant container connecting needle 23d. In FIG. 1, the anticoagulant container connecting needle 23d is covered with a cap.

  The airbag side line 24 is connected to the branch connector 61. That is, the air bag 26 is provided to be branched from the collection bag side line 22 through the air bag side line 24.

  Each of the blood pump 11 and the anticoagulant pump 12 is constituted by a roller pump (tube pump) having a rotor that rotates while pressing and closing the pump tubes 21g and 23a with a plurality of rollers.

  Tubes used for forming blood collection / return line 21, collection bag side line 22, anticoagulant injection line 23 and air bag side line 24, pump tubes 21g and 23a, tube 32a connected to the bag, chamber As a constituent material of the tube 21h connected to 21d and the tube 62 connected to the branch connector 61, polyvinyl chloride is preferable.

  If each tube is made of polyvinyl chloride, sufficient flexibility and softness can be obtained, so that it is easy to handle and is suitable for clogging with a clamp or the like.

  In addition, as each pump tube 21g and 23a, what has the intensity | strength of the grade which is not damaged even if it presses with a roller pump is used.

  Further, as the constituent materials of the branch connector 21c and the branch connector 61 described above, the same material as that of the tube can be used.

  The plasma collection bag 25 is a container for collecting plasma, and is connected to the centrifuge 20 via the collection bag side line 22, whereby the inside of the plasma collection bag 25 is stored in the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142. Communicating with

  The sub bag 32 is connected to the plasma collection bag 25 via the tube 32a, and the insides thereof communicate with each other. This subbag 32 can be used, for example, as a plasma storage bag.

  The airbag 26 is a container for temporarily storing (storing) air (air), and is connected to the branch connector 61 via the airbag-side line 24. That is, the air bag 26 is connected to the centrifuge 20 via the air bag side line 24, the branch connector 61, and the collection bag side line 22, whereby the inside of the air bag 26 is connected to the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142. Communicating with

  Each of the plasma collection bag 25, the sub bag 32, and the air bag 26 is laminated with a resin-made flexible sheet material, and its peripheral portion is fused (heat fusion, high frequency fusion, etc.) or bonded. A bag is used.

  As a material used for the plasma collection bag 25, the sub bag 32, and the air bag 26, for example, soft polyvinyl chloride is preferably used.

  The centrifuge 20 provided in the blood component collection circuit 2 is generally called a centrifuge bowl, and separates blood into plasma and blood cells (platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells) by centrifugal force. As the centrifuge 20, the one shown in FIG. 2 is used.

  The first flow path opening / closing means 51 is provided to open and close the middle of the flow path of the airbag side line 24.

  The second flow path opening / closing means 52 is provided to open and close the flow path of the collection bag side line 22 on the plasma collection bag 25 side from the branch connector 61.

  The third flow path opening / closing means 53 is provided to open and close the middle of the flow path of the hollow needle side line 21a (blood collection / return line 21) between the blood pump 11 and the hollow needle 291. The part opened and closed by the third flow path opening / closing means 53 is preferably located in the vicinity of the hollow needle 291. In this embodiment, the part is located between the branch connector 21c and the hollow needle 291.

  The first flow path opening / closing means 51, the second flow path opening / closing means 52, and the third flow path opening / closing means 53 are provided with a line or tube insertion portion, for example, a solenoid, an electric motor, a cylinder It has a clamp that operates with a drive source such as (hydraulic or pneumatic). Specifically, an electromagnetic clamp that operates with a solenoid is suitable.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the centrifuge drive device 10 includes a housing 201 that houses the centrifuge 20, a leg portion 202, a motor 203 that is a drive source, and a disk-shaped fixing that holds the centrifuge 20. It is comprised with the stand 205. FIG. The housing 201 is placed and fixed on the upper portion of the leg portion 202.

  In addition, a motor 203 is fixed to the lower surface of the housing 201 via a spacer 207 with bolts 206. A fixed base 205 is fitted on the tip of the rotating shaft 204 of the motor 203 so as to rotate coaxially and integrally with the rotating shaft 204, and the bottom of the rotor 142 is fitted on the upper portion of the fixed base 205. A concave portion is formed.

  The upper portion 145 of the centrifuge 20 is fixed to the housing 201 by a fixing member (not shown). In the centrifuge drive device 10, when the motor 203 is driven, the fixed base 205 and the rotor 142 fixed thereto rotate under a predetermined centrifugal condition (for example, a rotational speed of 3000 to 6000 rpm). Under this centrifugal condition, a blood separation pattern (for example, the number of blood components to be separated) in the rotor 142 can be set.

  In the rotor 142, the volume of the blood storage space 146 is, for example, about 100 to 350 mL.

  The optical sensor 15 is installed on the side of the housing 201 (left side in FIG. 2).

  The optical sensor 15 is configured to project light toward the blood storage space 146 and to receive the reflected light.

  The optical sensor 15 irradiates (projects) light (for example, laser light) from the light projecting unit 151, and the reflected light reflected by the reflecting surface 147 of the rotor 142 is received by the light receiving unit 152. The light receiving unit 152 converts the received light quantity into an electrical signal.

  Here, the optical sensor 15 has a reflecting surface on one side and a reflecting plate 153 that changes the optical path, and the light irradiated from the light projecting unit 151 passes through the reflecting plate 153 and is reflected on the reflecting surface 147. The light that is irradiated to the light and reflected by the reflecting surface 147 is received by the light receiving unit 152 via the reflecting plate 153.

  At this time, the projection light and the reflected light are transmitted through the blood component in the blood storage space 146, but at the position of the blood component interface (in the present embodiment, the interface B between the plasma layer 131 and the blood cell layer 132). Accordingly, since the abundance ratios of the blood components at the positions where the light projection light and the reflected light are transmitted are different, their transmittances change. As a result, the amount of light received by the light receiving unit 152 varies (changes), and this variation can be detected as a change in the output voltage from the light receiving unit 152.

  That is, the optical sensor 15 can detect the position of the blood component interface based on the change in the amount of light received by the light receiving unit 152.

  Here, the plasma layer 131 and the blood cell layer 132 in the blood storage space 146 have different colors depending on the blood components, respectively, and the blood cell layer 132 is red with the color of the red blood cells. For this reason, from the viewpoint of improving the accuracy of the optical sensor 15, there is a range suitable for the wavelength of the projection light, and the wavelength range is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 600 to 900 nm, for example. 750 to 800 nm is more preferable.

  The weight sensor 16 constitutes detection means for detecting the amount of plasma collected in the plasma collection bag 25.

  The turbidity sensor 14 is for detecting the turbidity of the fluid flowing in the collection bag side line 22 and outputs a voltage value corresponding to the turbidity. Specifically, a low voltage value is output when the turbidity is high, and a high voltage value is output when the turbidity is low.

  The turbidity sensor 14 can detect, for example, the mixing of blood cells into plasma flowing through the collection bag side line 22.

  The first bubble sensor 17 is for detecting that air has flowed into the blood collection / return line 21. That is, the presence or absence of blood in the blood collection / return line 21 is detected by the first bubble sensor 17.

  The fourth bubble sensor 36 and the fifth bubble sensor 37 are for detecting that bubbles have passed. These prevent air from being injected into the donor.

  The second bubble sensor 34 is used to detect air (presence or absence of anticoagulant) at a predetermined position of the anticoagulant injection line 23 in order to detect that the anticoagulant injection line 23 is empty. .

  The third bubble sensor 35 is for detecting that air or blood (plasma) has flowed into the collection bag side line 22 between the outlet 144 of the blood storage space 146 of the centrifuge 20 and the branch connector 61. Is. That is, the presence or absence of blood in the collection bag side line 22 is detected by the third bubble sensor 35.

  More specifically, the first bubble sensor 17, the second bubble sensor 34, the third bubble sensor 35, the fourth bubble sensor 36, and the fifth bubble sensor 37 are ultrasonic waves from the outside of the tube, respectively. The gas and liquid (gas / liquid distinction, gas / liquid level, etc.) in the tube can be detected by utilizing the difference in ultrasonic conductivity between the liquid and bubbles (gas). It is a detection means. Note that each of these bubble sensors (gas and liquid detection means) is not limited to the ultrasonic sensor (ultrasonic sensor), and for example, an optical sensor or an infrared sensor may be used.

  As the turbidity sensor 14, for example, an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor, an infrared sensor, or the like can be used.

  The control means 55 is composed of, for example, a microcomputer or the like, and includes a centrifuge drive device 10, a blood pump 11, an anticoagulant pump 12, a first flow path opening / closing means 51, and a second flow path opening / closing means 52. , Third flow path opening / closing means 53, turbidity sensor 14, optical sensor 15, weight sensor 16, first bubble sensor 17, second bubble sensor 34, third bubble sensor 35, fourth bubble sensor 36, the fifth bubble sensor 37, the touch panel 19 and the like are electrically connected to each other. The control means 55 includes a calculation unit and a memory (both not shown).

  The main function of the control means of the blood pump 11 and the third flow path opening / closing means 53 for controlling the operation (drive) of the blood pump 11 and the third flow path opening / closing means 53 is achieved by the control means 55.

  The touch panel 19 includes a liquid crystal display panel, an EL display panel, and the like. The touch panel 19 functions as an input unit (operation unit) that receives an input of an operator's instruction, and a display unit (notification unit) that displays (notifies) various types of information. It has the function as. Note that input means (for example, operation buttons, operation switches, operation dials and the like) and display means (notification means) such as a liquid crystal display panel and an EL display panel may be provided separately.

  From the turbidity sensor 14, the optical sensor 15, the weight sensor 16, the first bubble sensor 17, the second bubble sensor 34, the third bubble sensor 35, the fourth bubble sensor 36 and the fifth bubble sensor 37. Each detection signal is input to the control means 55 as needed. Further, from the touch panel 19, a signal corresponding to the instruction content of the operator input to the touch panel 19 is input to the control means 55 as needed. Based on the signals from these, the control means 55 operates the blood component collection device 1 according to a preset program, that is, the rotation, stop, or rotation direction of the blood pump 11 and the anticoagulant pump 12 (normal (Rotation / reverse rotation) and the opening / closing of each flow path opening / closing means 51, 52, 53 and the operation of the centrifuge drive device 10 are controlled as necessary.

  Such control means 55 causes blood collected from the donor to flow into the centrifuge 20 (blood storage space 146), and collects (transfers) the plasma separated by the centrifuge 20 into the plasma collection bag 25. Plasma collection step (blood component collection step) and blood return step (blood cell return step) (blood component return step) (return blood) mainly returning blood cells (remaining blood components) remaining in the centrifuge 20 to the donor The operation of the blood component collection apparatus 1 is controlled so as to perform a plasma collection operation (blood component collection operation). This plasma collection operation is performed at least once (one cycle), and usually a plurality of times (multiple cycles).

Hereinafter, the usage method and operation of the blood component collection device 1 will be described.
First, the operator (operator) opens the third flow path opening / closing means 53 from the hollow needle 291 of the coagulant injection line 23 and the hollow needle side line 21a (blood collection / return line 21) to the chamber 21d. Is primed with an anticoagulant and then the hollow needle 291 is punctured into the donor's blood vessel. This completes preparation for plasma collection.

  Next, the operator presses the collection start switch displayed on the touch panel 19. Thereby, the program is executed by the control means 55 and the plasma collection operation is started. In the plasma collection operation, the blood component collection device 1 first performs a plasma collection step.

  In the plasma collection process, the blood pump 11 is rotated clockwise (in the normal direction) in FIG. 1 to start blood collection. At the same time, the first flow path opening / closing means 51 is opened, the second flow path opening / closing means 52 is closed, and the blood storage space 146 of the centrifuge 20 is collected via the collection bag side line 22 and the airbag side line 24. The air (sterilized air) in the blood component collection circuit 2 such as the inside is transferred into the airbag 26 and stored.

  Simultaneously with the blood collection, the anticoagulant pump 12 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 1 to supply an anticoagulant such as ACD-A solution through the anticoagulant injection line 23. An anticoagulant is added to the blood sample.

  As a result, blood (blood added with an anticoagulant) is transferred through the blood collection / return line 21 and introduced into the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142 from the inlet 143 of the centrifuge 20 via the tube 141. .

  At this time, the air in the blood storage space 146 of the centrifuge 20 is transferred and stored in the airbag 26 via the collection bag side line 22 and the airbag side line 24.

  Simultaneously with or before or after the blood collection, the centrifuge drive device 10 is operated to rotate the rotor 142 at a predetermined rotational speed. By the rotation of the rotor 142, the blood introduced into the blood storage space 146 is separated into two layers, a plasma layer (PPP layer) 131 and a blood cell layer 132 from the inside.

  Further, when the blood collection and the supply of the anticoagulant are continued and the anticoagulant-added blood exceeding the capacity of the blood storage space 146 is introduced into the blood storage space 146, the blood storage space 146 is completely filled with blood, Plasma overflows from the outlet 144 of the centrifuge 20, and the plasma flows through the collection bag side line 22.

  Next, when plasma flowing out from the blood storage space 146 of the centrifuge 20 is detected by the third bubble sensor 35, the storage of the air in the blood storage space 146 into the airbag 26 is completed.

  Next, the first channel opening / closing means 51 is closed, the second channel opening / closing means 52 is opened, and the plasma in the blood storage space 146 of the centrifuge 20 is collected via the collection bag side line 22. Transfer into bag 25 and collect.

  Note that the weight of the plasma collection bag 25 is measured by the weight sensor 16, and the measured weight signal is input to the control means 55.

  When plasma collection ends, the operation of the blood pump 11 and the anticoagulant pump 12 is stopped, the operation of the centrifuge drive device 10 is stopped, and the rotation of the rotor 142 of the centrifuge 20 is stopped.

  With the above, the plasma collection process is completed, and the process proceeds to the blood cell return process (blood return). In this blood cell return step, the blood components remaining in the blood component collection circuit 2 (mainly the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142) are returned to the donor. Specifically, first, the first flow path opening / closing means 51 is opened, the second flow path opening / closing means 52 is closed, and the blood pump 11 is rotated (reversed) counterclockwise in FIG.

  Thereby, the remaining blood components in the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142 are returned to the donor via the centrifuge side line 21b, the hollow needle side line 21a, and the hollow needle 291.

  Next, when air is detected by the first bubble sensor 17, the blood return is terminated, and the process proceeds to the plasma collection step of the plasma collection operation of the next cycle.

  When this cycle is the final cycle, blood is returned when air is detected by the fifth bubble sensor 37. Thereby, almost all the remaining blood components in the blood component collection circuit 2 are returned to the donor, and the plasma collection operation is completed.

  After the return of the remaining blood components to the donor is completed, that is, after the blood return process of the final cycle is completed, the blood component collection device 1 is controlled by the control means 55 to control the third flow path opening / closing means 53. Is closed, the flow path of the hollow needle side line 21a (blood collection / return line 21) between the branch connector 21c and the hollow needle 291 is closed, and then the blood pump 11 is operated (forward rotation). Thus, a decompression processing operation is performed to bring the inside of the flow path of the blood collection / return line 21 on the blood pump 11 side into a negative pressure state from the portion closed by the third flow path opening / closing means 53 of the hollow needle side line 21a. After the decompression operation, the third channel opening / closing means 53 is configured to execute a channel opening operation for opening the channel of the hollow needle side line 21a.

  In the present embodiment, when the operator presses the flow path opening switch displayed on the touch panel 19, an instruction to start the flow path opening operation is input to the touch panel 19, thereby executing (starting) the flow path opening operation. ). For this reason, the operator removes the hollow needle 291 from the blood vessel of the donor (withdrawal needle), attaches a protector (not shown) to the hollow needle 291, covers the hollow needle 291 with the protector, and displays the flow path displayed on the touch panel 19. Press the release switch. In this channel opening operation, the third channel opening / closing means 53 is opened for a predetermined time, so that the channel of the hollow needle side line 21a is opened for a predetermined time, and then the third channel opening / closing means 53 is closed. This closes the flow path of the hollow needle side line 21a.

  When the third flow path opening / closing means 53 is opened, blood components in the flow path of the blood collection / return line 21 are sucked toward the blood pump 11, thereby being positioned at the needle tip of the hollow needle 291. The blood component thus flows (drawn) toward the blood pump 11 and is located closer to the blood pump 11 than the portion of the hollow needle side line 21a closed by the third flow path opening / closing means 53. Thereafter, the third flow path opening / closing means 53 is blocked, whereby it is possible to prevent blood components from being scattered from the needle tip of the hollow needle 291 removed from the donor.

  Here, in the decompression processing operation, the blood pump 11 is rotated forward a predetermined number of times. The number of forward rotations of the blood pump 11 is not particularly limited and is appropriately set depending on various conditions, but is preferably about 1 to 15 times, and more preferably about 5 to 10 times.

  In the channel opening operation, the time (period) during which the third channel opening / closing means 53 is opened is not particularly limited and is appropriately set according to various conditions, but is preferably about 1 to 10 seconds, About 1 to 3 seconds is more preferable.

  In the present invention, the branch connector 21c is closed by closing the third flow path opening / closing means 53 after the return of the remaining blood components to the donor is completed, that is, after the blood return process of the final cycle is completed. When the operator presses the pressure reduction / flow path opening switch displayed on the touch panel 19, the pressure reduction processing operation and the flow path opening operation are started. The instruction | indication to carry out may be input into the touch panel 19, and, thereby, pressure reduction process operation may be performed and a flow-path opening operation may be performed after this. In this case, when the operator removes the hollow needle 291 from the donor's blood vessel and then presses the pressure reduction / flow path opening switch displayed on the touch panel 19, the blood pump 11 rotates forward and the hollow needle side line 21a The inside of the flow path of the blood collection / return line 21 on the blood pump 11 side is in a negative pressure state from the portion blocked by the third flow path opening / closing means 53, and then the flow path opening operation is executed.

  Next, the operation of the blood component collection device 1, that is, the control operation of the control means 55 will be further described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the control means 55 first determines whether or not the blood return process in the final cycle has been completed (step S101). In step S <b> 101, it is determined whether air is detected by the fifth bubble sensor 37. If air is detected by the fifth bubble sensor 37, it is determined that the blood return process in the final cycle has been completed. If air is not detected, the blood return process in the final cycle has not been completed. Judge.

  When it is determined in step S101 that the blood return process of the final cycle has been completed, the third flow path opening / closing means 53 is closed (step S102), and the blood pump 11 is rotated forward a predetermined number of times (step S103). As a result, the inside of the flow path of the blood collection / return line 21 on the blood pump 11 side is in a negative pressure state from the portion closed by the third flow path opening / closing means 53 of the hollow needle side line 21a.

  As described above, the operator removes the hollow needle 291 from the donor blood vessel, attaches a protector (not shown) to the hollow needle 291, covers the hollow needle 291 with the protector, and displays the flow path displayed on the touch panel 19. Press the release switch.

  Next, it is determined whether or not the channel opening switch displayed on the touch panel 19 has been pressed (step S104). If it is determined that the channel has been pressed, the third channel opening / closing means 53 is opened for a predetermined time, The third flow path opening / closing means 53 is closed (step S105). Thereby, the blood component in the flow path of the blood collection / return line 21 is sucked toward the blood pump 11 side, and the blood component located at the tip of the hollow needle 291 moves toward the blood pump 11 side. The flow (drawn) is positioned closer to the blood pump 11 than the portion of the hollow needle side line 21a that is closed by the third flow path opening / closing means 53. In this state, the third flow path opening / closing means 53 is closed. To do.

  As described above, according to this blood component collection device 1, it is possible to prevent blood components from being scattered from the needle tip of the hollow needle 291 extracted from the donor.

Next, a second embodiment of the blood component collection device of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 4 is a plan view (partly including a block diagram) showing a second embodiment when the blood component collection device of the present invention is applied to a plasma collection device that mainly collects plasma, and FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the blood component collection device shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, the blood component collection device 1 according to the second embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the first embodiment described above, and descriptions of similar matters will be omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the blood component collection device 1 of the second embodiment, a branch connector 21e is provided on the hollow needle side line 21a between the hollow needle 291 and the third flow path opening / closing means 53. Yes.

  An air-permeable and bacteria-impermeable filter 72 is connected to the branch connector 21e through a tube (flow path) 71. This line is connected to a pressure sensor (pressure detecting means) 18 for detecting an internal force (pressure in the hollow needle side line 21a) of the hollow needle side line 21a on the hollow needle 291 side from the third flow path opening / closing means 53. . The pressure sensor 18 is electrically connected to the control means 55, and a detection signal from the pressure sensor 18 is input to the control means 55 as needed.

  After the return of the remaining blood components to the donor is completed, that is, after the blood return process of the final cycle is completed, the blood component collection device 1 is controlled by the control means 55 to control the third flow path opening / closing means 53. Is closed, the flow path of the hollow needle side line 21a (blood collection / return line 21) between the branch connector 21c and the hollow needle 291 is closed, and then the blood pump 11 is operated (forward rotation). Thus, a decompression processing operation is performed to bring the inside of the flow path of the blood collection / return line 21 on the blood pump 11 side into a negative pressure state from the portion closed by the third flow path opening / closing means 53 of the hollow needle side line 21a. After the decompression operation, the third channel opening / closing means 53 is configured to execute a channel opening operation for opening the channel of the hollow needle side line 21a.

  In this embodiment, after the flow path of the blood collection / return line 21 is closed by the third flow path opening / closing means 53, the flow path opening operation is executed when the pressure sensor 18 detects a pressure drop ( Started). For this reason, the operator only needs to remove the hollow needle 291 from the donor blood vessel (remove the needle), attach a protector (not shown) to the hollow needle 291, and cover the hollow needle 291 with the protector.

  In this case, the pressure in the hollow needle side line 21a closer to the hollow needle 291 than the third flow path opening / closing means 53 is positive due to the donor's venous pressure in the state where the hollow needle 291 is pierced into the donor's blood vessel. However, when the hollow needle 291 is removed from the donor's blood vessel, the pressure drops to normal pressure. Therefore, when the pressure sensor 18 detects this pressure drop, the hollow needle 291 is removed from the donor's blood vessel. Estimate (discriminate) that it has been, and execute the channel opening operation.

  In the present invention, the branch connector 21c is closed by closing the third flow path opening / closing means 53 after the return of the remaining blood components to the donor is completed, that is, after the blood return process of the final cycle is completed. The flow path of the hollow needle side line 21a between the hollow needle 291 and the hollow needle 291 is closed, and thereafter, when a pressure drop is detected by the pressure sensor 18, a decompression processing operation is performed. May be executed. In this case, after the operator removes the hollow needle 291 from the blood vessel of the donor, the blood pump 11 rotates forward and blood is removed from the portion blocked by the third flow path opening / closing means 53 of the hollow needle side line 21a. The inside of the flow path of the blood collection / return line 21 on the pump 11 side is in a negative pressure state, and thereafter, the flow path opening operation is executed.

  Next, the operation of the blood component collection device 1, that is, the control operation of the control means 55 will be further described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the control means 55 first determines whether or not the blood return process in the final cycle has been completed (step S201). In step S <b> 201, it is determined whether air is detected by the fifth bubble sensor 37. If air is detected by the fifth bubble sensor 37, it is determined that the blood return process in the final cycle has been completed. If air is not detected, the blood return process in the final cycle has not been completed. Judge.

  If it is determined in step S201 that the blood return process in the final cycle has been completed, the third flow path opening / closing means 53 is closed (step S202), and the blood pump 11 is rotated forward a predetermined number of times (step S203). As a result, the inside of the flow path of the blood collection / return line 21 on the blood pump 11 side is in a negative pressure state from the portion closed by the third flow path opening / closing means 53 of the hollow needle side line 21a.

  As described above, the operator, after removing the hollow needle 291 from the donor's blood vessel, attaches a protector (not shown) to the hollow needle 291 and covers the hollow needle 291 with the protector.

Next, it is determined whether or not a pressure drop has been detected by the pressure sensor 18 (step S204). If it is determined that a pressure drop has been detected, the third flow path opening / closing means 53 is opened for a predetermined time. Then, the third flow path opening / closing means 53 is closed (step S205). Thereby, the blood component in the flow path of the blood collection / return line 21 is sucked toward the blood pump 11 side, and the blood component located at the tip of the hollow needle 291 moves toward the blood pump 11 side. The flow (drawn) is positioned closer to the blood pump 11 than the portion of the hollow needle side line 21a that is closed by the third flow path opening / closing means 53. In this state, the third flow path opening / closing means 53 is closed. To do.
According to this blood component collection device 1, the same effects as those of the first embodiment described above can be obtained.

  And in this blood component collection device 1, since it is possible to detect that the hollow needle 291 has been removed from the blood vessel of the donor, and when this is detected, the flow path opening operation is automatically started, It is easy to operate and can reliably prevent erroneous operation by the operator.

  As mentioned above, although the blood component collection device of the present invention has been described based on the illustrated embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and the configuration of each part is an arbitrary configuration having the same function. Can be replaced. Moreover, other arbitrary structures and processes may be added to the present invention.

  Further, the present invention may be a combination of any two or more configurations (features) of the above embodiments.

  In addition, the present invention is not limited to the case where it is applied to obtain a plasma preparation (or a raw material plasma of a plasma fractionation preparation), but is applied, for example, to obtain a platelet preparation, erythrocyte preparation, leukocyte preparation, etc. from blood. May be. That is, in the present invention, blood components collected in the blood component collection bag are not limited to plasma, but include, for example, platelets (platelets including plasma), red blood cells (red blood cells including plasma), white blood cells (white blood cells including plasma), and the like. There may be.

  Further, the present invention may be configured to have a plurality of blood component collection bags and collect a plurality of blood components.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to a so-called intermittent type (also referred to as a single needle type) blood component collection device in which a blood collection line and a blood return line are integrated has been described. For example, the present invention can be applied to a so-called continuous type (also referred to as a two-needle type or both-arm type) blood component collecting apparatus in which a blood collection line and a blood return line are separately provided. When applied to a continuous blood component collection device, the decompression processing operation and the flow path opening / closing operation may be performed only on either the blood collection line side or the blood return line side. Although it is good, it is preferable to be configured to be performed on both the blood collection line side and the blood return line side. On the blood collection line side, after the collection of blood from the donor is completed, the decompression processing operation is executed. On the blood return line side, after the return of the blood component to the donor is completed, the decompression processing operation is executed. .

  In addition, the present invention can be applied to blood component collection devices and blood collection devices that only collect blood but do not return blood. Specific examples of this include, for example, a blood component collecting device that collects a predetermined blood component and does not return the remaining blood components to the donor, or a blood collecting device that collects whole blood (blood). . When applied to a blood component collection device or a blood collection device that only collects blood but does not return blood, the decompression processing operation is performed after the collection of blood from the donor is completed.

  In the present invention, the optical sensor is not limited to the illustrated one, and may be a line sensor, for example.

  In the present invention, the blood separator is not limited to the centrifugal type, and may be, for example, a membrane type.

1 is a plan view (partly including a block diagram) showing a first embodiment of a blood component collection device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially broken cross-sectional view showing a state in which a centrifuge drive device is mounted on a centrifuge provided in the blood component collection device shown in FIG. 1. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the effect | action of the blood component collection device shown in FIG. It is a top view (partly including a block diagram) which shows 2nd Embodiment of the blood component collection apparatus of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an effect | action of the blood component collection device shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Blood component collection apparatus 2 Blood component collection circuit 10 Centrifuge drive device 11 Blood pump 12 Anticoagulant pump 14 Turbidity sensor 15 Optical sensor 151 Light projection part 152 Light reception part 153 Reflector plate 16 Weight sensor 17 1st bubble Sensor 18 Pressure sensor 19 Touch panel 20 Centrifuge 21 Blood collection / return line 21a Hollow needle side line 21b Centrifuge side line 21c Branch connector 21d Chamber 21e Branch connector 21g Pump tube 21h Tube 21i Filter 22 Collection bag side line 23 Anticoagulation Agent injection line 23a Pump tube 23c Bubble removal chamber 23d Anticoagulant fuser connection needle 24 Air bag side line 25 Plasma collection bag 26 Air bag 291 Hollow needle 292 Wing 32 Sub bag 32a Chu 34 Second bubble sensor 35 Third bubble sensor 36 Fourth bubble sensor 37 Fifth bubble sensor 51 First channel opening / closing means 52 Second channel opening / closing means 53 Third channel opening / closing means 55 Control means 61 Branch connector 62 Tube 63 Filter 64 Disinfection filter 71 Tube 72 Filter 131 Plasma layer 132 Blood cell layer 141 Tube 142 Rotor 143 Inlet 144 Outlet 145 Upper part 146 Blood storage space 147 Reflecting surface 201 Housing 202 Leg 203 Motor 204 Rotating shaft 205 Fixed base 206 Bolt 207 Spacer S101 to S105 Step S201 to S205 Step

Claims (8)

A blood component collection device for collecting blood from a donor, separating the blood, and collecting a predetermined blood component,
A hollow needle pierced into a donor blood vessel, a blood treatment line communicating with the hollow needle for blood collection and / or return, a blood separator communicating with the blood treatment line for separating blood, and the blood A blood component collection circuit having a blood component collection bag for collecting a predetermined blood component separated by a separator;
A liquid feeding means installed in the blood processing line, for feeding blood or blood components in the blood processing line;
Channel opening and closing means for opening and closing the channel of the blood treatment line between the liquid feeding means and the hollow needle;
Control means for controlling the operation of the liquid feeding means and the flow path opening and closing means,
The control means closes the flow path of the blood processing line by the flow path opening / closing means after the blood collection or blood return is completed, and then operates the liquid feeding means to A blood component configured to execute a decompression processing operation for bringing the inside of the flow path of the blood processing line on the liquid feeding means side into a negative pressure state from a portion blocked by the flow path opening / closing means Collection device. The blood component collection circuit has an anticoagulant injection line that branches off from a branch provided in the blood processing line and injects an anticoagulant.
The blood component collection device according to claim 1, wherein the flow path opening / closing means opens and closes a flow path of the blood processing line between the branch portion and the hollow needle.   The blood according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control means is configured to execute a flow path opening operation for opening the flow path of the blood processing line by the flow path opening / closing means after the decompression processing operation. Ingredient collection device.   The blood according to claim 3, wherein the flow path opening operation is configured to close the flow path of the blood processing line after the flow path opening / closing means opens the flow path of the blood processing line for a predetermined time. Ingredient collection device. Pressure detecting means for detecting the pressure in the blood treatment line on the hollow needle side from the flow path opening and closing means;
The control unit is configured to execute the channel opening operation when a pressure drop is detected by the pressure detection unit after the channel of the blood processing line is closed by the channel opening / closing unit. The blood component collection device according to claim 3 or 4. Having an input means for receiving an input of an operator's instruction;
5. The control unit according to claim 3, wherein the control unit is configured to execute the channel opening operation when an instruction to start the channel opening operation is input to the input unit. Blood component collection device. Having an input means for receiving an input of an operator's instruction;
The control means executes the pressure reduction processing operation when an instruction to start the pressure reduction processing operation and the flow path opening operation is input to the input means, and then executes the flow path opening operation. The blood component collection device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the blood component collection device is configured to do so. The blood component collection device collects blood from the donor, separates the blood, collects a predetermined blood component, and a blood component return step that returns the remaining blood component to the donor. A blood component collection operation having at least one cycle,
The blood component collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the control means is configured to execute the decompression processing operation after the blood component return step of the final cycle is completed.

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