JP4812574B2 - Blood collection device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a blood collection apparatus.

  Component blood collection is a procedure in which blood (whole blood) collected from a donor (donor) is separated into blood components by centrifugation or membrane separation, and the necessary blood components are collected and the remaining blood components are returned to the donor. is there. In the case of component blood collection using a centrifugal separation method, particularly a centrifugal bowl method, a method is adopted in which a blood collection step and a blood return step are alternately repeated with a single blood collection needle in order to reduce invasion to the donor.

  In normal component blood collection, in addition to alcohol sterilization, popidone iodine sterilization, etc., still, bacteria on the skin surface, hair follicles and under the skin may be mixed with blood components in the blood component collection bag. .

  Depending on the type of bacteria, the contaminated bacteria can grow while the blood component collection bag containing the blood components is stored, and if this blood component is used for transfusion without being aware of it, Patients may develop infections and sepsis.

  These bacteria are often found not only on the skin surface, but also in the roots of the hair roots and subcutaneously, so just before the blood is collected, simply disinfecting the puncture site of the blood collection needle will prevent the bacteria from entering the collected blood. It is difficult to avoid.

  Here, it has been empirically known that bacteria invade the collected blood first stream (primary blood collection) (mostly with a piece of skin).

  Then, in order to remove the initial blood collection flow, the blood component collection circuit of the blood component collection device branches from a branch portion provided in the blood processing line connecting the blood collection needle and the inlet of the blood separator, A blood component collection device provided with an initial flow collection line for collecting an initial flow has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The initial flow collection line is provided with an initial flow collection bag for collecting the initial blood collection, and the initial flow collection bag is provided with a mark that serves as an index of the collection amount of the first blood collection (target collection amount). ing.

  However, air is contained in the initial collection bag, and the amount of air varies from product to product (it is difficult to keep the amount of air in each initial collection bag constant). When the amount of air in each initial flow collection bag is different, even if blood is collected up to the same marked line in each initial flow collection bag, the way each primary flow collection bag swells is different. Is difficult to keep constant.

  That is, if the amount of air in the initial flow collection bag is too large, when collecting the initial blood collection, it is expected that the initial flow collection bag will swell greatly and blood will be collected up to the marked line in the initial flow collection bag. More blood will be collected than is present.

  Conversely, if the amount of air in the initial collection bag is too small, when collecting the initial blood collection, the initial collection bag does not swell so much that blood can be collected up to the marked line in the initial collection bag. Only a smaller amount of blood is collected than expected.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-199055

  It is an object of the present invention to reliably collect a target amount of the initial flow (initial blood collection) of blood collected from a blood donor into an initial flow collection bag, and thereby collect an excessive amount of initial blood collection. It is an object of the present invention to provide a blood collection device that can suppress or prevent this, prevent bacterial contamination of blood (blood components), and improve the safety of blood donors.

Such an object is achieved by the present inventions (1) to ( 5 ) below.
(1) a blood collection means equipped with a blood collection needle for collecting blood from a donor,
A blood collection bag for storing the blood collected by the blood collection means;
An initial flow collection line for collecting an initial flow of blood collected from the donor,
A blood collection circuit connected to the initial flow collection line and having an initial flow collection bag for collecting the initial flow of blood;
A discharge pump means for discharging air in the initial flow collection bag ;
Air discharge control means for controlling the operation of the discharge pump means;
Introduction pump means for introducing air into the initial flow collection bag;
Air introduction control means for controlling the operation of the introduction pump means,
The air discharge control means is configured to discharge the air in the initial flow collection bag by controlling the operation of the discharge pump means prior to the operation of collecting blood into the initial flow collection bag,
The air introduction control means introduces a predetermined amount of air into the initial flow collection bag by controlling the operation of the introduction pump means after the air in the initial flow collection bag is discharged by the discharge pump means. A blood collection apparatus configured to perform

(2) blood collection means equipped with a blood collection needle for collecting blood from a donor,
A blood separator for separating blood collected by the blood collecting means;
A blood component collection bag for collecting a predetermined blood component separated by the blood separator;
An initial flow collection line for collecting an initial flow of blood collected from the donor,
A blood collection circuit connected to the initial flow collection line and having an initial flow collection bag for collecting the initial flow of blood;
A discharge pump means for discharging air in the initial flow collection bag ;
Air discharge control means for controlling the operation of the discharge pump means;
Introduction pump means for introducing air into the initial flow collection bag;
Air introduction control means for controlling the operation of the introduction pump means,
The air discharge control means is configured to discharge the air in the initial flow collection bag by controlling the operation of the discharge pump means prior to the operation of collecting blood into the initial flow collection bag,
The air introduction control means introduces a predetermined amount of air into the initial flow collection bag by controlling the operation of the introduction pump means after the air in the initial flow collection bag is discharged by the discharge pump means. A blood collection apparatus configured to perform

(3) a blood collection means provided with a blood collection needle for collecting blood from a blood donor;
A blood separator for separating blood collected by the blood collecting means;
A blood component collection bag for collecting a predetermined blood component separated by the blood separator;
A blood treatment line connecting the blood collection needle and the inlet of the blood separator;
An anticoagulant injection line for injecting an anticoagulant, branched from a first branch portion provided in the blood treatment line;
An initial flow collection line that branches from a second branch portion provided between the blood collection needle and the first branch portion of the blood treatment line, and collects an initial flow of blood collected from the blood donor;
A blood collection circuit connected to the initial flow collection line and having an initial flow collection bag for collecting the initial flow of blood;
A discharge pump means for discharging air in the initial flow collection bag ;
Air discharge control means for controlling the operation of the discharge pump means;
Introduction pump means for introducing air into the initial flow collection bag;
Air introduction control means for controlling the operation of the introduction pump means,
The air discharge control means is configured to discharge the air in the initial flow collection bag by controlling the operation of the discharge pump means prior to the operation of collecting blood into the initial flow collection bag,
The air introduction control means introduces a predetermined amount of air into the initial flow collection bag by controlling the operation of the introduction pump means after the air in the initial flow collection bag is discharged by the discharge pump means. A blood collection apparatus configured to perform

(4) having a flow path opening / closing means that opens and closes the flow path of the blood treatment line between the second branch portion and the blood collection needle, and is manually opened and closed;
Before the air in the initial flow collection bag is discharged, the open / close state of the flow path by the flow path opening / closing means is detected, and when it is detected that the flow path is closed, the initial flow sampling is performed. The blood collection device according to (3), wherein the blood collection device is configured to discharge air in the bag.

( 5 ) having pressure detection means for detecting the pressure in the initial flow collection bag;
The air exhaust control means based on a detection result of said pressure detecting means, the above (1) which is configured to determine whether the air of the first flow collection bag is issued discharge (4) The blood collection device according to any one of the above.

  According to the present invention, at the time of blood collection, it is possible to easily collect (remove) an initial flow (initial blood collection) that may cause bacterial infection from blood collected from a donor (donor). Thus, the contamination of bacteria into the collected blood and each blood component separated from the collected blood is suppressed, and safety is improved.

  In addition, since the air in the initial flow collection bag is discharged prior to the initial flow collection operation, the amount of air in the initial flow collection bag is constant during the initial flow collection operation (for example, the amount of air is approximately 0, a state in which a target amount of air is stored, etc.), so that a target amount of blood sampling initial flow can be accurately and reliably collected in the initial flow collection bag.

Hereinafter, the blood collection device of the present invention will be described in detail based on preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.
The blood collection apparatus of the present invention has a blood collection circuit having a blood collection bag for storing (collecting) blood (whole blood) collected by the blood collection means, and the blood collection apparatus for collecting whole blood and the blood collection means Blood component collection device that has a blood collection circuit that has a blood collection circuit that includes a blood component collection bag that collects a predetermined blood component separated by the blood separator, and a blood separator that collects blood collected by the blood separator In the following embodiments, a case where the blood collection device of the present invention is applied to a plasma collection device (blood component collection device) for collecting plasma will be described as a representative example.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view (partly including a block diagram) showing an embodiment in which the blood collection device of the present invention is applied to a blood component collection device for mainly collecting plasma, and FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view in the state where a centrifuge drive device was equipped in a centrifuge with which a blood ingredient extraction device is provided.

  A blood component collection device (blood collection device) 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a hollow needle (blood collection needle) (blood collection means for collecting blood from a donor) 291 that is punctured into a blood vessel of a donor (blood donor) and a collected blood. A centrifuge (centrifuge bowl) (blood separator) 20 that centrifuges in the blood storage space 146, and a plasma collection bag (blood component collection bag) 25 that collects plasma (blood components) separated by the centrifuge 20 A blood component collection circuit (blood processing circuit) 2 comprising: a blood sample collected from a donor is centrifuged, a predetermined amount of plasma is collected, and then, together with the remaining plasma, white blood cells, platelets and red blood cells (remaining blood components) ) To the donor (blood return).

  The blood component collection device 1 includes a hollow needle 291, a blood collection / return line (blood treatment line) 21 that serves as both a blood collection line and a blood return line, a centrifuge 20, and an outlet of the centrifuge 20. The collection bag side line 22 connected to 144, the anticoagulant injection line 23 and the initial flow collection line 27 connected in the middle of the blood collection / return line 21 and the collection bag side line 22 are connected in the middle. An air bag side line 24 communicating with the outlet 144 of the centrifuge 20 via the collection bag side line 22, a plasma collection bag (blood component collection bag) 25 connected to the collection bag side line 22, and a plasma collection bag 25, the sub bag 32 connected by the tube (flow path) 32a, the air bag 26 connected to the air bag side line 24, and the initial flow collection line 2 And a blood component collection circuit (blood collection circuit) 2 and a initial flow collection bag 81 connected with.

  In addition, the blood component collection device 1 includes a centrifuge drive device 10 for rotating the rotor 142 of the centrifuge 20 and a blood pump for feeding blood or blood components (liquid) in the blood collection / return line 21. (Liquid feed pump) (first liquid feed means) 11 and anticoagulant pump (liquid feed pump) for feeding anticoagulant (liquid) in the anticoagulant injection line 23 (second liquid feed means) ) 12, channel opening / closing means 51 and channel opening / closing means 52 for opening and closing the channel of blood component collection circuit 2, centrifuge drive device 10, blood pump 11, anticoagulant pump 12, channel Control means 55 for controlling the opening / closing means 51 and the flow path opening / closing means 52, the turbidity sensor 14, the optical sensor 15, the weight sensor 16, the first bubble sensor 17, and the second bubble sensor. 34, a third bubble sensor 35, and a fourth A bubble sensor 36, a fifth bubble sensor 37, and a touch panel 19.

  The blood pump 11 constitutes air discharge means for discharging the air in the initial flow collection bag 81 (the blood pump 11 also serves as air discharge means). Further, the anticoagulant pump 12 constitutes air introduction means for introducing air into the initial flow collection bag 81 (the anticoagulant pump 12 also serves as air introduction means). The anticoagulant pump 12 can supply air to the hollow needle 291 side of the blood collection / return line 21 through a branch connector 21e described later.

  In the present invention, for example, the blood pump 11 may constitute air introduction means, the anticoagulant pump 12 may constitute air discharge means, and the blood pump 11 constitutes air discharge means and air introduction means. Alternatively, the anticoagulant pump 12 may constitute an air discharge means and an air introduction means. In addition, a dedicated pump (air supply means) may be provided for each of the air discharge means and the air introduction means, and a dedicated pump (air supply means) serving as both the air discharge means and the air introduction means may be provided. May be.

Hereinafter, the configuration of each unit will be described.
The hollow needle 291 is connected to one end of the blood collection / return line 21, and a wing 292 is provided on the proximal end side of the hollow needle 291. In FIG. 1, the hollow needle 291 is covered with a cap.

  The blood collection / return line 21 is disposed between the hollow needle side line 21a to which the hollow needle 291 is connected at one end and the centrifuge side line 21b to which the inlet 143 of the centrifuge 20 is connected. Pump tube 21g.

  The hollow needle side line 21a includes a chamber 21d for removing bubbles and microaggregates.

  An air-permeable and bacteria-impermeable filter 21i is connected to the chamber 21d through a tube (flow path) 21h. This line is connected to the internal pressure of the hollow needle side line 21a (the internal pressure of the blood collection / return line 21 on the hollow needle 291 side from the blood pump 11), that is, the pressure sensor 18 for detecting the donor pressure.

  The pressure sensor 18 constitutes pressure detection means for detecting the pressure in the initial flow collection bag 81. In addition, the pressure sensor 18 allows, for example, the pressure in the blood collection / return line 21 on the centrifuge 20 side (blood pump 11 side) from the clamp 93 described later, or the blood sampling on the centrifuge 20 side from the clamp 92 described below. -The pressure in the blood return line 21 can be detected.

  The collection bag side line 22 has one end connected to the outlet 144 of the centrifuge 20 and the other end connected to the plasma collection bag 25. In the middle of the collection bag side line 22, a branch connector 61 is provided that branches into three (three forks) (a total of four connection ports). The collection bag side line 22 is connected via the branch connector 61. Connected.

  The branch connector 61 is connected to a filter 63 that is air-permeable and bacteria-impermeable through a tube (flow path) 62. This line can be used, for example, for detecting the internal pressure of the centrifuge 20.

  One end of the anticoagulant injection line 23 is connected to a branch connector 21 c provided in the blood collection / return line 21. That is, the anticoagulant injection line (flow path) 23 branches from the branch connector (first branch portion) 21c, that is, branches from the blood collection / return line (flow path) 21 via the branch connector 21c. . The branch connector 21c is located (provided) in the vicinity of the hollow needle 291. The anticoagulant injection line 23 includes a pump tube 23a, a sterilization filter (infusion filter) 64, a bubble removal chamber 23c, and an anticoagulant container connection needle 23d from the branch connector 21c side. In FIG. 1, the anticoagulant container connecting needle 23d is covered with a cap.

  The anticoagulant container connecting needle 23d of the anticoagulant injection line 23 is connected to a container (bag) (not shown) in which an anticoagulant (anticoagulant liquid) is housed (contained). As will be described later, the anticoagulant flows through the anticoagulant injection line 23 from the anticoagulant container connection needle 23d toward the branch connector 21c and is supplied (injected) to the hollow needle side line 21a. Thereby, for example, the anticoagulant can be added (mixed) to the blood collected by the hollow needle 291 via the anticoagulant injection line 23.

  In addition, although it does not specifically limit as an anticoagulant, For example, ACD-A liquid etc. can be used.

  One end of the initial flow collection line 27 is connected to a branch connector 21 e provided in the blood collection / return line 21. That is, the initial flow collection line (flow path) 27 branches from the branch connector (second branch portion) 21e, that is, branches from the blood collection / return line (flow path) 21 via the branch connector 21e. The branch connector 21e is located (provided) between the hollow needle 291 and the branch connector 21c.

  The initial flow collection bag 81 is a container for collecting (reserving) an initial flow (initial blood collection) of blood collected from a donor by a hollow needle 291. The other end of the initial flow collection line 27 is connected to the initial flow collection bag 81.

  Although the capacity | capacitance of the initial flow collection bag 81 is not specifically limited, It is preferable that it is about 10-100 mL, and it is more preferable that it is about 20-50 mL.

  If the capacity of the initial flow collection bag 81 is less than the above range, the initial flow of blood collected from the donor by the hollow needle 291 (initial blood collection flow) may not be sufficiently removed (collected). Exceeding this increases the amount of blood collected from the donor, increasing the burden on the donor.

  In addition, the initial flow collection bag 81 is provided with a marked line (not shown) that serves as an index of the collection amount (target collection amount) of the initial blood collection. In the initial flow collection step (initial flow collection operation), which will be described later, the blood in the initial flow collection bag 81 is set so that the initial flow collection bag 81 is in the vertical direction on the initial flow collection line 27 side. The blood is collected until the liquid level matches the marked line.

  A needle tube 83 is connected to the side of the initial flow collection bag 81 opposite to the connection portion of the initial flow collection line 27.

  An encapsulation member 84 that encapsulates the needle tube 83 is installed around the needle tube 83. As the encapsulating member 84, for example, a member made of a film made of various rubber materials (elastic material) and easily pierced by the needle tip of the needle tube 83 is preferably used.

  Further, a holder 85 having a cap 86 is detachably attached to the proximal end side of the needle tube 83, whereby the needle tube 83 is accommodated in the holder 85.

  Further, in the middle of the initial flow collection line 27, a line (between the hollow needle 291 of the hollow needle side line 21a and the branch connector 21e, and between the branch connector 21e and the branch connector 21c of the hollow needle side line 21a, respectively. There are provided clamps (channel opening / closing means) 91, 92, and 93 that are opened and closed in the middle of the channel and are manually opened and closed. The clamp 91 is provided to open and close the flow path (flow path in the tube) of the initial flow collection line 27. The clamp 92 is provided to open and close the flow path (flow path in the tube) of the hollow needle line 21a between the hollow needle 291 and the branch connector 21e. The clamp 93 is provided to open and close the flow path (flow path in the tube) of the hollow needle side line 21a between the branch connector 21e and the branch connector 21c.

  Here, since the clamp 91 does not open again once it is closed at the time of collecting the components, the clamp 91 has a structure that does not open (difficult to open) once closed (difficult to open), for example, It is preferable to use a shutter clamp. For this reason, in this embodiment, a shutter clamp is used as the clamp 91.

  Instead of the clamps 91, 92, and 93, for example, forceps or the like may be used, respectively, and a line or tube insertion portion may be provided as in the channel opening / closing means 51 and the channel opening / closing means 52 described later. It is also possible to use one having a clamp that operates with a drive source at the insertion portion.

  When the clamps 91 and 92 are opened and the clamp 93 is closed, the initial flow of blood collected from the donor by the hollow needle 291 is separated from the hollow needle 291 by the donor's venous pressure or drop (self-weight). It flows through the line 21a, the branch connector 21e, and the initial flow collection line 27, and is introduced (collected) into the initial flow collection bag 81. That is, the initial flow (initial blood collection) of blood collected from the donor by the hollow needle 291 is removed from the hollow needle side line 21 a via the branch connector 21 e and the initial flow collection line 27, and is stored in the initial flow collection bag 81. Is collected. In this way, it is possible to easily remove (collect) the initial flow of the collected blood, which may cause bacterial infection, and thereby to the plasma (blood component) separated from the collected blood. The contamination of bacteria is suppressed and safety is improved.

  In addition, blood stored in the initial flow collection bag 81 can be collected (sampled) in a vacuum blood collection tube having a rubber stopper (not shown), for example.

  In this case, after closing the clamp 91, the cap 86 of the holder 85 is removed, and the decompression blood collection tube is inserted into the holder 85 from the rubber plug side, pushed into the innermost part of the holder 85, and the needle tube 83 is punctured into the rubber plug. Pierce. As a result, the blood stored in the initial flow collection bag 81 is sucked into the reduced pressure blood collection tube and collected. After the blood sampling into the reduced pressure blood collection tube is completed, the reduced pressure blood collection tube is pulled out from the holder 85. When blood is sampled into a plurality of decompression blood collection tubes, the above-described operation is repeated.

  The blood collected in the reduced-pressure blood collection tube can be used for, for example, serum biochemical tests, antibody tests for infectious disease viruses (for example, AIDS, hepatitis, etc.).

  The airbag side line 24 is connected to the branch connector 61. That is, the air bag 26 is provided to be branched from the collection bag side line 22 through the air bag side line 24.

  Each of the blood pump 11 and the anticoagulant pump 12 is constituted by a roller pump (tube pump) having a rotor that rotates while pressing and closing the pump tubes 21g and 23a with a plurality of rollers.

  Tubes used for forming the blood collection / return line 21, collection bag side line 22, anticoagulant injection line 23, airbag side line 24 and initial flow collection line 27, pump tubes 21 g and 23 a, and subbag 32 As a constituent material of the connected tube 32a, the tube 21h connected to the chamber 21d, and the tube 62 connected to the branch connector 61, polyvinyl chloride is preferable.

  If each tube is made of polyvinyl chloride, sufficient flexibility and softness can be obtained, so that it is easy to handle and is suitable for clogging with a clamp or the like.

  In addition, as each pump tube 21g and 23a, what has the intensity | strength of the grade which is not damaged even if it presses with a roller pump is used.

  Moreover, the same material as that of the tube can be used as the constituent material of the branch connectors 21c, 21e, and 61 described above.

  The plasma collection bag 25 is a container for collecting plasma, and is connected to the centrifuge 20 via the collection bag side line 22, whereby the inside of the plasma collection bag 25 is stored in the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142. Communicating with

  The sub bag 32 is connected to the plasma collection bag 25 via the tube 32a, and the insides thereof communicate with each other. This subbag 32 can be used, for example, as a plasma storage bag.

  The airbag 26 is a container for temporarily storing (storing) air (air), and is connected to the branch connector 61 via the airbag-side line 24. That is, the air bag 26 is connected to the centrifuge 20 via the air bag side line 24, the branch connector 61, and the collection bag side line 22, whereby the inside of the air bag 26 is connected to the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142. Communicating with

  Each of the plasma collection bag 25, the sub bag 32, and the air bag 26 is laminated with a resin-made flexible sheet material, and its peripheral portion is fused (heat fusion, high frequency fusion, etc.) or bonded. A bag is used.

  As a material used for the plasma collection bag 25, the sub bag 32, and the air bag 26, for example, soft polyvinyl chloride is preferably used.

  The centrifuge 20 provided in the blood component collection circuit 2 is generally called a centrifuge bowl, and separates blood into plasma and blood cells (platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells) by centrifugal force. As the centrifuge 20, the one shown in FIG. 2 is used.

  The channel opening / closing means 51 is provided to open and close the middle of the channel of the airbag side line 24.

  The channel opening / closing means 52 is provided to open / close the channel of the collection bag side line 22 on the plasma collection bag 25 side from the branch connector 61.

  The flow path opening / closing means 51 and the flow path opening / closing means 52 include a line or tube insertion portion, and the insertion portion has a clamp that operates with a drive source such as a solenoid, an electric motor, or a cylinder (hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure). . Specifically, an electromagnetic clamp that operates with a solenoid is suitable.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the centrifuge drive device 10 includes a housing 201 that houses the centrifuge 20, a leg portion 202, a motor 203 that is a drive source, and a disk-shaped fixing that holds the centrifuge 20. It is comprised with the stand 205. FIG. The housing 201 is placed and fixed on the upper portion of the leg portion 202.

  In addition, a motor 203 is fixed to the lower surface of the housing 201 via a spacer 207 with bolts 206. A fixed base 205 is fitted on the tip of the rotating shaft 204 of the motor 203 so as to rotate coaxially and integrally with the rotating shaft 204, and the bottom of the rotor 142 is fitted on the upper portion of the fixed base 205. A concave portion is formed.

  The upper portion 145 of the centrifuge 20 is fixed to the housing 201 by a fixing member (not shown). In the centrifuge drive device 10, when the motor 203 is driven, the fixed base 205 and the rotor 142 fixed thereto rotate under a predetermined centrifugal condition (for example, a rotational speed of 3000 to 6000 rpm). Under this centrifugal condition, a blood separation pattern (for example, the number of blood components to be separated) in the rotor 142 can be set.

  In the rotor 142, the volume of the blood storage space 146 is, for example, about 100 to 350 mL.

  The optical sensor 15 is installed on the side of the housing 201 (left side in FIG. 2).

  The optical sensor 15 is configured to project light toward the blood storage space 146 and to receive the reflected light.

  The optical sensor 15 irradiates (projects) light (for example, laser light) from the light projecting unit 151, and the reflected light reflected by the reflecting surface 147 of the rotor 142 is received by the light receiving unit 152. The light receiving unit 152 converts the received light quantity into an electrical signal.

  Here, the optical sensor 15 has a reflecting surface on one side and a reflecting plate 153 that changes the optical path, and the light irradiated from the light projecting unit 151 passes through the reflecting plate 153 and is reflected on the reflecting surface 147. The light that is irradiated to the light and reflected by the reflecting surface 147 is received by the light receiving unit 152 via the reflecting plate 153.

  At this time, the projection light and the reflected light are transmitted through the blood component in the blood storage space 146, but at the position of the blood component interface (in the present embodiment, the interface B between the plasma layer 131 and the blood cell layer 132). Accordingly, since the abundance ratios of the blood components at the positions where the light projection light and the reflected light are transmitted are different, their transmittances are changed. As a result, the amount of light received by the light receiving unit 152 varies (changes), and this variation can be detected as a change in the output voltage from the light receiving unit 152.

  That is, the optical sensor 15 can detect the position of the blood component interface based on the change in the amount of light received by the light receiving unit 152.

  Here, the plasma layer 131 and the blood cell layer 132 in the blood storage space 146 have different colors depending on the blood components, respectively, and the blood cell layer 132 is red with the color of the red blood cells. For this reason, from the viewpoint of improving the accuracy of the optical sensor 15, there is a range suitable for the wavelength of the projection light, and the wavelength range is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 600 to 900 nm, for example. 750 to 800 nm is more preferable.

  The weight sensor 16 constitutes detection means for detecting the amount of plasma collected in the plasma collection bag 25.

  The turbidity sensor 14 is for detecting the turbidity of the fluid flowing in the collection bag side line 22 and outputs a voltage value corresponding to the turbidity. Specifically, a low voltage value is output when the turbidity is high, and a high voltage value is output when the turbidity is low.

  The turbidity sensor 14 can detect, for example, the mixing of blood cells into plasma flowing through the collection bag side line 22.

  The first bubble sensor 17 is for detecting that air has flowed into the blood collection / return line 21. That is, the presence or absence of blood in the blood collection / return line 21 is detected by the first bubble sensor 17.

  The fourth bubble sensor 36 and the fifth bubble sensor 37 are for detecting the passage of air or bubbles, respectively. These prevent air from being injected into the donor.

  The second bubble sensor 34 is used to detect air (presence or absence of anticoagulant) at a predetermined position of the anticoagulant injection line 23 in order to detect that the anticoagulant injection line 23 is empty. .

  The third bubble sensor 35 is for detecting that air or blood (plasma) has flowed into the collection bag side line 22 between the outlet 144 of the blood storage space 146 of the centrifuge 20 and the branch connector 61. Is. That is, the presence or absence of blood in the collection bag side line 22 is detected by the third bubble sensor 35.

  More specifically, the first bubble sensor 17, the second bubble sensor 34, the third bubble sensor 35, the fourth bubble sensor 36, and the fifth bubble sensor 37 are ultrasonic waves from the outside of the tube, respectively. The gas and liquid (gas / liquid distinction, gas / liquid level, etc.) in the tube can be detected by utilizing the difference in ultrasonic conductivity between the liquid and bubbles (gas). It is a detection means. Note that each of these bubble sensors (gas and liquid detection means) is not limited to the ultrasonic sensor (ultrasonic sensor), and for example, an optical sensor or an infrared sensor may be used.

  As the turbidity sensor 14, for example, an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor, an infrared sensor, or the like can be used.

  The control means 55 is composed of, for example, a microcomputer or the like, and includes a centrifuge drive device 10, a blood pump 11, an anticoagulant pump 12, a flow path opening / closing means 51, a flow path opening / closing means 52, a turbidity sensor 14, Optical sensor 15, weight sensor 16, first bubble sensor 17, second bubble sensor 34, third bubble sensor 35, fourth bubble sensor 36, fifth bubble sensor 37, pressure sensor 18, and touch panel 19 Etc. are electrically connected to each other. The control means 55 includes a calculation unit and a memory (both not shown).

  With this control means 55, the main functions of the air discharge control means for controlling the operation of the blood pump (air discharge means) 11 and the air introduction control means for controlling the operation of the anticoagulant pump (air introduction means) 12 are provided. Achieved (configured). Further, the flow path of the blood collection / return line 21 between the branch connector 21e and the hollow needle 291 is closed (closed) by the clamp 92 by the control means 55 based on the detection value (detection result) of the pressure sensor 18. The flow path of the blood collection / return line 21 between the branch connector 21c and the branch connector 21e is blocked by the clamp 93 based on the determination means for determining whether or not the pressure sensor 18 is detected (detection result). Each main function of the discriminating means for discriminating whether or not (closed) is achieved (configured).

  The touch panel 19 includes a liquid crystal display panel, an EL display panel, and the like. The touch panel 19 functions as an input unit (operation unit) that receives an input of an operator's instruction, and a display unit (notification unit) that displays (notifies) various types of information. It has the function as. Note that input means (for example, operation buttons, operation switches, operation dials and the like) and display means (notification means) such as a liquid crystal display panel and an EL display panel may be provided separately.

  Turbidity sensor 14, optical sensor 15, weight sensor 16, first bubble sensor 17, second bubble sensor 34, third bubble sensor 35, fourth bubble sensor 36, fifth bubble sensor 37 and pressure Detection signals from the sensor 18 are input to the control means 55 as needed. Further, from the touch panel 19, a signal corresponding to the instruction content of the operator input to the touch panel 19 is input to the control means 55 as needed. Based on the signals from these, the control means 55 operates the blood component collection device 1 according to a preset program, that is, the rotation, stop, or rotation direction of the blood pump 11 and the anticoagulant pump 12 (normal (Rotation / reverse rotation) and the opening / closing of each flow path opening / closing means 51 and 52 and the operation of the centrifuge drive device 10 are controlled as necessary.

  Such control means 55 causes blood collected from the donor to flow into the centrifuge 20 (blood storage space 146), and collects (transfers) the plasma separated by the centrifuge 20 into the plasma collection bag 25. Plasma collection step (blood component collection step) and blood return step (blood cell return step) (blood component return step) (return blood) mainly returning blood cells (remaining blood components) remaining in the centrifuge 20 to the donor The operation of the blood component collection apparatus 1 is controlled so as to perform a plasma collection operation (blood component collection operation). This plasma collection operation is performed at least once (one cycle), and usually a plurality of times (multiple cycles).

  Hereinafter, the usage method and operation of the blood component collection device 1 are described. Each step (operation) performed before the first cycle plasma collection operation (main blood collection) will be described in detail later.

  The operator (operator) is displayed on the touch panel 19 in a state where the clamps 92 and 93 are opened and the clamp 91 is closed after the anticoagulant feeding process (anticoagulant feeding operation) described later is completed. Press the blood collection start button (blood collection start switch). Thereby, the program is executed by the control means 55, and the plasma collection operation of the first cycle is started. In the plasma collection operation, the blood component collection device 1 first performs a plasma collection step.

  In the plasma collecting step, blood collection is started by rotating (forward rotation) the blood pump 11 clockwise (forward direction) in FIG. At the same time, the flow path opening / closing means 51 is opened, the flow path opening / closing means 52 is closed, and blood components in the blood storage space 146 of the centrifuge 20 are collected via the collection bag side line 22 and the air bag side line 24. The air in the circuit 2 (sterilized air) is transferred into the airbag 26 and stored.

  Simultaneously with the blood collection, the anticoagulant pump 12 is rotated (forward) in the counterclockwise direction (forward direction) in FIG. An anticoagulant is supplied, and this anticoagulant is added to the blood sample.

  As a result, blood (blood added with an anticoagulant) is transferred through the blood collection / return line 21 and introduced into the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142 from the inlet 143 of the centrifuge 20 via the tube 141. .

  At this time, the air in the blood storage space 146 of the centrifuge 20 is transferred and stored in the airbag 26 via the collection bag side line 22 and the airbag side line 24.

  Simultaneously with or before or after the blood collection, the centrifuge drive device 10 is operated to rotate the rotor 142 at a predetermined rotational speed. By the rotation of the rotor 142, the blood introduced into the blood storage space 146 is separated into two layers, a plasma layer (PPP layer) 131 and a blood cell layer 132 from the inside.

  Furthermore, when the blood collection and the supply of the anticoagulant are continued and the anticoagulant-added blood exceeding the capacity of the blood storage space 146 is introduced into the blood storage space 146, the blood storage space 146 is completely filled with blood, Plasma overflows from the outlet 144 of the centrifuge 20, and the plasma flows through the collection bag side line 22.

  Next, when plasma flowing out from the blood storage space 146 of the centrifuge 20 is detected by the third bubble sensor 35, the storage of the air in the blood storage space 146 into the airbag 26 is completed.

  Next, the flow path opening / closing means 51 is closed, the flow path opening / closing means 52 is opened, and the plasma in the blood storage space 146 of the centrifuge 20 is transferred into the plasma collection bag 25 via the collection bag side line 22. Collect.

  Note that the weight of the plasma collection bag 25 is measured by the weight sensor 16, and the measured weight signal is input to the control means 55.

  When plasma collection is to be terminated, the operation of the blood pump 11 and the anticoagulant pump 12 is stopped, the channel opening / closing means 51 is opened, the channel opening / closing means 52 is closed, and the centrifuge drive device 10 is activated. And the rotation of the rotor 142 of the centrifuge 20 is stopped.

  With the above, the plasma collection process is completed, and the process proceeds to the blood cell return process (blood return). In this blood cell return step, the blood components remaining in the blood component collection circuit 2 (mainly the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142) are returned to the donor. Specifically, the blood pump 11 is rotated (reversed) counterclockwise (reverse direction) in FIG.

  Thereby, the remaining blood components in the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142 are returned to the donor via the centrifuge side line 21b, the hollow needle side line 21a, and the hollow needle 291.

  Next, when air is detected by the first bubble sensor 17, the blood return is terminated, and the process proceeds to the plasma collection step of the plasma collection operation of the next cycle.

  When this cycle is the final cycle, blood is returned when air is detected by the fifth bubble sensor 37. Thereby, almost all the remaining blood components in the blood component collection circuit 2 are returned to the donor, and the plasma collection operation is completed.

  The blood component collection device 1 is controlled by the control means 55 prior to the main blood collection, that is, the plasma collection step of the first cycle (collection of plasma (blood component) into the plasma collection bag 25). An initial flow collection operation is performed in which an initial flow of blood collected from a donor through the collection line 27 (initial flow of blood collection) is collected in an initial flow collection bag 81, and then the main blood collection, that is, the first cycle plasma collection step is performed. Is configured to run.

  Then, under the control of the control means 55, the blood pump (air discharge means) 11 is operated to discharge the air in the initial flow collection bag 81, and then the initial flow collection operation is executed. It has the characteristics. In this case, substantially all the air in the initial flow collection bag 81 is discharged.

  Further, before the initial flow sampling operation, the anti-coagulant pump 12 is operated under the control of the control means 55 so that a target amount of air is stored in the initial flow sampling bag 81. The bag 81 is configured to introduce air. In this case, the target amount of air is stored in the initial flow collection bag 81 by introducing a target amount of air into the initial flow collection bag 81 after substantially all of the air in the initial flow collection bag 81 is discharged. It has become.

  The control means 55 is configured to determine whether substantially all of the air in the initial flow collection bag 81 has been discharged based on the detection value (detection result) of the pressure sensor 18.

  The step of discharging the air in the initial flow collection bag 81 is performed by closing the clamp 92 and closing the flow path of the blood collection / return line 21 between the branch connector 21e and the hollow needle 291. The means 55 collects and returns blood between the branch connector 21e by the clamp 92 and the hollow needle 291 based on the detection value (detection result) of the pressure sensor 18 before discharging the air in the initial flow collection bag 81. When the open / close state of the flow path of the line 21 is detected and it is detected that the flow path is closed, the air in the initial flow collection bag 81 is discharged.

  Hereinafter, based on FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the process before the main blood collection, that is, the above-described first cycle plasma collection operation will be described.

  3 and 4 are flowcharts for explaining the operation of the blood component collection device shown in FIG. 1 (flow chart showing the control operation of the control means 55).

  First, the operator closes only the clamp 92 (the clamps 91 and 93 are opened). At this stage, connection of the anticoagulant bag (not shown) containing the anticoagulant to the anticoagulant line 23 is not performed.

  Then, the operator presses an air amount adjustment start button (air amount adjustment start switch) displayed on the touch panel 19.

  The control means 55 determines whether or not the air amount adjustment start button has been pressed (step S101). If the air amount adjustment start button has been pressed, the air amount adjustment step (air amount adjustment operation) is started. The

  In the air amount adjustment step, first, a channel blockage confirmation operation by the clamp 92 is performed. In this flow path blockage confirmation operation, first, when the flow path of the hollow needle side line 21a between the branch connector 21e and the hollow needle 291 is blocked by the clamp 92, the anticoagulant pump 12 is removed from the clamp 92. It operates so that the pressure in the hollow needle side line 21a on the centrifuge 20 side becomes a positive pressure. That is, the anticoagulant pump 12 is rotated (forward rotation) a predetermined number of times (for example, 40 times) in the forward direction (step S102). Thereby, air (sterilized air) is supplied from the anticoagulant injection line 23 to the hollow needle 291 side and the initial flow collection line 27 side of the hollow needle side line 21a through the branch connectors 21c and 21e. When the flow path of the hollow needle side line 21a between the branch connector 21e and the hollow needle 291 is closed by the clamp 92, the air is accumulated to the maximum (full tank) in the initial flow collection bag 81, and the clamp From 92, the pressure in the hollow needle side line 21a on the centrifuge 20 side becomes a positive pressure, and on the other hand, when it is not closed, it becomes an atmospheric pressure.

  Next, a predetermined time (for example, 2 seconds) is waited (step S103), and the pressure sensor 18 detects the pressure in the hollow needle side line 21a on the centrifuge 20 side from the clamp 92, and the detected value is positive pressure. Is determined, that is, whether or not a predetermined value (for example, +15 mmHg) or more with respect to the atmospheric pressure (step S104).

  When the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 18 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value with respect to the atmospheric pressure (“YES” in step S104), that is, in the case of a positive pressure, the branch connector 21e and the hollow needle 291 are It is determined that the flow path of the hollow needle side line 21a is closed, and the process proceeds to step S105.

  On the other hand, when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 18 is less than a predetermined value with respect to the atmospheric pressure (“NO” in step S104), that is, in the case of atmospheric pressure, the clamp 92 causes the branch connector 21e and the hollow needle 291 to For example, an error screen is displayed on the touch panel 19 (not shown as a step).

  In this error screen, for example, an air amount adjustment start button (air amount adjustment start switch) and a determination result that “the clamp 92 is open, the clamp 92 is closed and the air amount adjustment start button is pressed”, Warnings, instructions, etc. are displayed.

  The operator closes the clamp 92 and presses the air amount adjustment start button displayed on the touch panel 19 again.

  Next, it is determined whether or not the air amount adjustment start button has been pressed (step S101). If the air amount adjustment start button has been pressed, the process proceeds to step S102, and step S102 and subsequent steps are executed again.

  By performing the flow channel blockage confirmation operation in this manner, forgetting to close the clamp 92 can be prevented.

  In step S105, the blood pump 11 is rotated in the forward direction (forward rotation). As a result, the air in the initial flow collection bag 81 is discharged from the initial flow collection bag 81, and the blood collection space 146 of the initial flow collection line 27, the branch connector 21 e, the blood collection / return line 21, and the rotor 142 of the centrifuge 20. And is stored in the air bag 26.

  The plasma bag 25 or the sub bag 32 may be housed in place of the air bag 26.

  Next, the pressure sensor 18 detects the pressure in the initial flow collection bag 81 via the hollow needle side line 21a and the initial flow collection line 27, and whether the detected value is equal to or less than a predetermined value with respect to the atmospheric pressure. It is determined whether or not (step S106).

  The predetermined value for the atmospheric pressure in step S106 is preferably the pressure in the initial flow collection bag 81 when substantially all of the air in the initial flow collection bag 81 has been exhausted. Thus, it is preferable to set the pressure to about −5 to −50 mmHg (for example, −20 mmHg).

  When the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 18 is larger than the predetermined value with respect to the atmospheric pressure (“NO” in step S106), it is determined that air remains in the initial flow collection bag 81, and the process returns to step S105. Step S105 and subsequent steps are executed again.

  On the other hand, when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 18 is equal to or less than a predetermined value with respect to the atmospheric pressure (“YES” in step S106), it is determined that substantially all of the air in the initial flow collection bag 81 has been discharged, and blood The pump 11 is stopped (step S107).

  Next, the anticoagulant pump 12 is rotated in the forward direction (forward rotation) (step S108). As a result, external air is introduced into the blood collection / return line 21 via the anticoagulant injection line 23 having the sterilization filter 64 and the branch connector 21c, and the pressure sensor 18 causes the hollow needle side line 21a and the initial flow to flow. The pressure in the initial flow collection bag 81 detected via the collection line 27 gradually increases. In this case, until the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 18 reaches atmospheric pressure, air is not substantially (almost) introduced into the initial flow collection bag 81 and has reached atmospheric pressure. Introduced into the initial flow collection bag 81.

  Next, the pressure sensor 18 detects the pressure in the initial flow collection bag 81 via the hollow needle side line 21a and the initial flow collection line 27, and determines whether or not the detected value has returned to atmospheric pressure ( Step S109).

  When the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 18 has not returned to the atmospheric pressure (“NO” in step S109), that is, when the pressure is smaller than the atmospheric pressure, the process returns to step S108, and step S108 and subsequent steps are executed again.

  On the other hand, when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 18 is atmospheric pressure (“YES” in step S109), the anticoagulant pump 12 is rotated in the forward direction by the target number of times (forward rotation) (step S110). . The target number of times is obtained from the target amount of air stored in the initial flow collection bag 81 and the amount of air sent per rotation of the blood pump 11.

  As a result, external air flows through the anticoagulant injection line 22, the branch connector 21 c, the blood collection / return line 21, the branch connector 21 e, and the initial flow collection line 27, and a target amount of air is introduced into the initial flow collection bag 81. Then, the target amount of air is stored in the initial flow collection bag 81.

  The target number of times is appropriately set according to the target amount of air introduced into the initial flow collection bag 81, that is, the target amount of air stored in the initial flow collection bag 81.

  Further, the target amount of air stored in the initial flow collection bag 81 is preferably about 0.5 to 20 mL, and more preferably about 1 to 2 mL.

  Next, the operator connects an anticoagulant bag (not shown) containing the anticoagulant to the anticoagulant line 23, and fills the anticoagulant with about 1/3 of the bubble removing chamber (drop tube) 23c. Hang the anticoagulant bag on a hanger (not shown). Further, the clamp 93 is closed (only the clamp 91 is opened).

  Then, the operator presses a priming start button (priming start switch) displayed on the touch panel 19.

  The control means 55 determines whether or not the priming start button has been pressed (step S111). If the priming start button has been pressed, the priming process (priming operation) is started.

  In the priming step, first, a channel blockage confirmation operation by the clamp 93 is performed. In this flow path blockage confirmation operation, first, when the flow path of the hollow needle side line 21a between the branch connector 21c and the branch connector 21e is blocked by the clamp 93, the anticoagulant pump 12 is removed from the clamp 93. It operates so that the pressure in the hollow needle side line 21a on the centrifuge 20 side becomes a positive pressure. That is, the anticoagulant pump 12 is rotated (forward) a predetermined number of times (for example, 8 times) in the forward direction (step S112). Thereby, when the flow path of the hollow needle side line 21a between the branch connector 21c and the branch connector 21e is closed by the clamp 93, the pressure in the hollow needle side line 21a on the centrifuge 20 side from the clamp 93 is increased. Becomes positive pressure, while it is at atmospheric pressure when not blocked.

  Next, the pressure sensor 18 detects the pressure in the hollow needle side line 21a on the centrifuge 20 side from the clamp 93, and whether or not the detected value is a positive pressure, that is, a predetermined value with respect to the atmospheric pressure. It is determined whether or not (for example, 15 mmHg) or more (step S113).

  When the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 18 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value with respect to the atmospheric pressure (“YES” in step S113), that is, in the case of positive pressure, the clamp 93 causes the branch connector 21c to be connected between the branch connector 21e. It is determined that the flow path of the hollow needle side line 21a is closed, and the process proceeds to step S115.

  On the other hand, when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 18 is less than a predetermined value with respect to the atmospheric pressure (“NO” in step S113), that is, in the case of atmospheric pressure, the branch connector 21c and the branch connector 21e are connected by the clamp 93. It is determined that the flow path of the hollow needle side line 21a between them is not blocked, and an error screen is displayed on the touch panel 19, for example (not shown as a step).

  On this error screen, for example, a restart button (restart switch) and a determination result, warning, instruction, and the like that “the clamp 93 is open, so close the clamp 93 and press the restart button” are displayed.

  The operator closes the clamp 93 and presses the resume button displayed on the touch panel 19.

  Next, it is determined whether or not the restart button has been pressed (step S114). If the restart button has been pressed, the process returns to step S105, and step S105 and subsequent steps are executed again.

  In step S115, priming is performed (continue) until it is completed. That is, the anticoagulant pump 12 is rotated in the forward direction to prime the coagulant injection line 23 and the branch connector 21c of the hollow needle side line 21a to the chamber 21d with the anticoagulant. When all of the bubble sensors 34, 36, and 37 detect the anticoagulant, priming is completed and the anticoagulant pump 12 is stopped.

  Thus, by performing the channel blockage confirmation operation, forgetting to close the clamp 93 can be prevented, whereby the branch connector 21e and the vicinity thereof, and the hollow needle side line on the hollow needle 291 side from the branch connector 21e. It is possible to prevent the anticoagulant from flowing into 21a and the initial flow collection line 27. Thereby, mixing of the anticoagulant into the initial blood collection can be prevented, and thus the collected initial blood flow can be used as blood for examination.

[Initial Flow Collection Process (Initial Flow Collection Operation) (Step S116)]
The operator presses an initial flow collection start button (initial flow collection start switch) displayed on the touch panel 19. Further, the operator punctures the donor's blood vessel with the hollow needle 291 and opens the clamp 92.

  Thereby, the initial flow collection step (initial flow collection operation) is performed, predetermined information is displayed on the touch panel 19, and the initial flow of blood collected from the donor with the hollow needle 291 (the initial blood collection flow) is the donor. Is flown through the hollow needle 291, the hollow needle side line 21 a, the branch connector 21 e, and the initial flow collection line 27, and is introduced (collected) into the initial flow collection bag 81.

  Next, when the operator collects a predetermined amount of the initial blood collection in the initial flow collection bag 81 (when it is confirmed that the blood level matches the marked line of the initial flow collection bag 81), the operator closes the clamp 92.

  In addition, you may comprise so that the liquid feeding to the first flow collection bag 81 of a blood collection initial flow may be performed with a pump.

[Anticoagulant liquid feeding step (anticoagulant liquid feeding operation) (step S117)]
The operator opens the clamp 93 and presses an anticoagulant liquid feeding button (anticoagulant liquid feeding switch) displayed on the touch panel 19. Thereby, an anticoagulant liquid feeding process (anticoagulant liquid feeding operation) is performed, and the anticoagulant pump 12 rotates (forward) a predetermined number of times in the forward direction.

  As a result, the anticoagulant flows from the branch connector 21c through the hollow needle side line 21a, the branch connector 21e, and the initial flow collection line 27 (supplied to the initial flow collection line 27). Then, the flow path from the branch connector 21c to the branch connector 21e of the hollow needle side line 21a and from the branch connector 21e of the initial flow collection line 27 to the middle thereof is filled (washed) with the anticoagulant.

Next, the operator closes the clamp 91.
In addition, this process may be performed by rotating the anticoagulant pump 12 manually by an operator, for example.

  When this process (step S117) ends, the operator opens the clamp 92 and presses the blood collection start button displayed on the touch panel 19 as described above. Thereby, the main blood collection (step S118), that is, the plasma collection operation in the first cycle described above is started, and when the main blood collection, that is, the plasma collection operation in the final cycle is completed, the program is terminated.

  As described above, according to this blood component collection device 1, it is possible to easily remove an initial flow (blood collection initial flow) that may cause bacterial infection from blood collected from a donor during blood collection. Thus, contamination of bacteria in the collected plasma is suppressed, and safety when a predetermined blood component (for example, plasma) is transfused into the patient is improved. In addition, the removed blood collection initial flow can be stored in the initial flow collection bag 81.

  Prior to the initial flow collection operation, almost all of the air in the flow collection bag 81 is discharged and adjusted so that the amount of air in the flow collection bag 81 becomes a target amount. When the initial blood collection flow is collected, the flow collection bag 81 is swelled in a constant manner, so that when the blood level matches the marked line, the collection amount of the initial blood collection flow can be made constant, It is possible to accurately and reliably collect a target amount of blood collected in the initial flow collection bag 81.

  In addition, since almost all of the air in the initial flow collection bag 81 is once discharged and then adjusted so that the amount of air in the initial flow collection bag 81 becomes the target amount, And a target amount of air can be stored reliably.

  In addition, the initial flow collection operation may be performed in a state where substantially all of the air in the initial flow collection bag 81 is exhausted. In this case also, the initial flow collection bag when collecting the initial blood collection in the initial flow collection bag 81 is used. The swell of 81 becomes constant, and the initial flow collection bag 81 can surely collect the initial amount of blood collection in the initial flow collection bag 81, but by performing the initial flow collection operation with air stored in the flow collection bag 81. There are the following advantages (1) and (2).

  (1) The liquid level of the blood in the flow collection bag 81 is substantially straight when viewed from the side, and the position of the liquid level is easier to confirm than when the amount of air in the flow collection bag 81 is approximately zero. .

  (2) When the blood stored in the initial flow collection bag 81 is collected (sampled) in a container such as a vacuum blood collection tube, the initial flow is compared with the case where the amount of air in the flow collection bag 81 is substantially zero. The amount of residual blood in the collection bag 81 can be reduced (the blood hardly remains in the initial collection bag 81).

  In the above-described embodiment, in the air amount adjustment step (air amount adjustment operation), the channel blockage confirmation operation by the clamp 92, that is, the hollow needle side line 21a between the branch connector 21e and the hollow needle 291 by the clamp 92. Although the operation of confirming that the flow path is closed is performed without using forceps, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be performed using forceps.

  Hereinafter, the case where the operation for confirming that the flow path is blocked is performed using forceps will be described focusing on the difference from the case where the forceps is not used.

  First, the operator closes only the clamp 92 (the clamps 91 and 93 are opened), closes the flow path of the initial flow collection line 27 with forceps, and displays an air amount adjustment start button (displayed on the touch panel 19). Press the air amount adjustment start switch.

  Since the flow path of the initial flow collection line 27 is blocked by the forceps, air is not introduced into the initial flow collection bag 81 when the anticoagulant pump 12 is rotated in step S102. For this reason, the number of rotations of the anticoagulant pump 12 in step S102 is set to be smaller (for example, five times) than when the forceps is not used.

  Further, the operator removes the forceps and opens the flow path of the initial flow collection line 27 between step S104 and step S105. It should be noted that the timing for removing the forceps may be slightly delayed, and may take steps S105 to S106. However, before reaching the predetermined pressure in step S106, it is necessary to remove the forceps and open the flow path of the initial flow collection line 27.

  The operator may connect the anticoagulant bag (not shown) containing the anticoagulant to the anticoagulant line 23 between step S110 and step S111. For example, before the step S110, for example, It may be performed before pressing the air amount adjustment start button.

  As mentioned above, although the blood collection apparatus of this invention was demonstrated based on embodiment of illustration, this invention is not limited to this, The structure of each part is substituted by the thing of the arbitrary structures which have the same function. be able to. Moreover, other arbitrary structures and processes may be added to the present invention.

  In addition, the present invention is not limited to the case where it is applied to obtain a plasma preparation (or a raw material plasma of a plasma fractionation preparation), but is applied, for example, to obtain a platelet preparation, erythrocyte preparation, leukocyte preparation, etc. from blood. May be. That is, in the present invention, blood components collected in the blood component collection bag are not limited to plasma, but include, for example, platelets (platelets including plasma), red blood cells (red blood cells including plasma), white blood cells (white blood cells including plasma), and the like. There may be.

  Further, the present invention may be configured to have a plurality of blood component collection bags and collect a plurality of blood components.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to a so-called intermittent type (also referred to as a single-needle type or one-arm type) blood collection device in which a blood collection line and a blood return line are integrated has been described. For example, the present invention can be applied to a so-called continuous type (also referred to as a two-needle type or double-arm type) blood collection device in which a blood collection line and a blood return line are separately provided.

  The present invention can also be applied to a blood collection device that collects predetermined blood components and does not return the remaining blood components to the donor.

  The present invention can also be applied to a blood collection device that collects blood (whole blood) collected from a donor in a blood collection bag.

  In the present invention, the optical sensor is not limited to the illustrated one, and may be a line sensor, for example.

  In the present invention, the blood separator is not limited to the centrifugal type, and may be, for example, a membrane type.

  In the present invention, as the air discharge means, for example, a check valve that prevents the introduction of air into the initial flow collection bag 81 and allows the discharge of air from the initial flow collection bag 81 to the outside, An air vent line having a sterilizing filter is provided on the tip side, and an operator presses the initial flow collection bag 81 manually (including when a predetermined jig is used), and the air in the initial flow collection bag 81 May be configured to discharge (substantially all).

FIG. 3 is a plan view (partly including a block diagram) showing an embodiment when the blood collection device of the present invention is applied to a blood component collection device that mainly collects plasma. FIG. 2 is a partially broken cross-sectional view showing a state where a centrifuge drive device is mounted on a centrifuge provided in the blood component collection device shown in FIG. 1. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the effect | action of the blood component collection device shown in FIG. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the effect | action of the blood component collection device shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Blood component collection apparatus 2 Blood component collection circuit 10 Centrifuge drive device 11 Blood pump 12 Anticoagulant pump 14 Turbidity sensor 15 Optical sensor 151 Light projection part 152 Light reception part 153 Reflector plate 16 Weight sensor 17 1st bubble Sensor 18 Pressure sensor 19 Touch panel 20 Centrifuge 21 Blood collection / return line 21a Hollow needle side line 21b Centrifuge side line 21c Branch connector 21d Chamber 21e Branch connector 21g Pump tube 21h Tube 21i Filter 22 Collection bag side line 23 Anticoagulation Agent injection line 23a Pump tube 23c Bubble removal chamber 23d Anticoagulant fuser connection needle 24 Air bag side line 25 Plasma collection bag 26 Air bag 27 Initial flow collection line 291 Hollow needle 292 Wing 32 S Bag 32a Tube 34 Second bubble sensor 35 Third bubble sensor 36 Fourth bubble sensor 37 Fifth bubble sensor 51, 52 Flow path opening / closing means 55 Control means 61 Branch connector 62 Tube 63 Filter 64 Sanitization filter 81 First Flow collection bag 83 Needle tube 84 Encapsulating member 85 Holder 86 Cap 91-93 Clemme 131 Plasma layer 132 Blood cell layer 141 Pipe body 142 Rotor 143 Inlet 144 Outlet 145 Upper part 146 Blood storage space 147 Reflecting surface 201 Housing 202 Leg part 203 Motor 204 Rotating shaft 205 Fixing stand 206 Bolt 207 Spacer S101 to S118 Step

Claims (5)

A blood collection means comprising a blood collection needle for collecting blood from a donor,
A blood collection bag for storing the blood collected by the blood collection means;
An initial flow collection line for collecting an initial flow of blood collected from the donor,
A blood collection circuit connected to the initial flow collection line and having an initial flow collection bag for collecting the initial flow of blood;
A discharge pump means for discharging air in the initial flow collection bag ;
Air discharge control means for controlling the operation of the discharge pump means;
Introduction pump means for introducing air into the initial flow collection bag;
Air introduction control means for controlling the operation of the introduction pump means,
The air discharge control means is configured to discharge the air in the initial flow collection bag by controlling the operation of the discharge pump means prior to the operation of collecting blood into the initial flow collection bag,
The air introduction control means introduces a predetermined amount of air into the initial flow collection bag by controlling the operation of the introduction pump means after the air in the initial flow collection bag is discharged by the discharge pump means. A blood collection apparatus configured to perform A blood collection means comprising a blood collection needle for collecting blood from a donor,
A blood separator for separating blood collected by the blood collecting means;
A blood component collection bag for collecting a predetermined blood component separated by the blood separator;
An initial flow collection line for collecting an initial flow of blood collected from the donor,
A blood collection circuit connected to the initial flow collection line and having an initial flow collection bag for collecting the initial flow of blood;
A discharge pump means for discharging air in the initial flow collection bag ;
Air discharge control means for controlling the operation of the discharge pump means;
Introduction pump means for introducing air into the initial flow collection bag;
Air introduction control means for controlling the operation of the introduction pump means,
The air discharge control means is configured to discharge the air in the initial flow collection bag by controlling the operation of the discharge pump means prior to the operation of collecting blood into the initial flow collection bag,
The air introduction control means introduces a predetermined amount of air into the initial flow collection bag by controlling the operation of the introduction pump means after the air in the initial flow collection bag is discharged by the discharge pump means. A blood collection apparatus configured to perform A blood collection means comprising a blood collection needle for collecting blood from a donor,
A blood separator for separating blood collected by the blood collecting means;
A blood component collection bag for collecting a predetermined blood component separated by the blood separator;
A blood treatment line connecting the blood collection needle and the inlet of the blood separator;
An anticoagulant injection line for injecting an anticoagulant, branched from a first branch portion provided in the blood treatment line;
An initial flow collection line that branches from a second branch portion provided between the blood collection needle and the first branch portion of the blood treatment line, and collects an initial flow of blood collected from the blood donor;
A blood collection circuit connected to the initial flow collection line and having an initial flow collection bag for collecting the initial flow of blood;
A discharge pump means for discharging air in the initial flow collection bag ;
Air discharge control means for controlling the operation of the discharge pump means;
Introduction pump means for introducing air into the initial flow collection bag;
Air introduction control means for controlling the operation of the introduction pump means,
The air discharge control means is configured to discharge the air in the initial flow collection bag by controlling the operation of the discharge pump means prior to the operation of collecting blood into the initial flow collection bag,
The air introduction control means introduces a predetermined amount of air into the initial flow collection bag by controlling the operation of the introduction pump means after the air in the initial flow collection bag is discharged by the discharge pump means. A blood collection apparatus configured to perform A flow path opening / closing means for opening and closing the flow path of the blood processing line between the second branch portion and the blood collection needle, and for manually opening and closing the flow path;
Before the air in the initial flow collection bag is discharged, the open / close state of the flow path by the flow path opening / closing means is detected, and when it is detected that the flow path is closed, the initial flow sampling is performed. The blood collecting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the blood collecting apparatus is configured to discharge air in the bag. Pressure detecting means for detecting the pressure in the initial flow collection bag,
The air exhaust control means based on a detection result of said pressure detecting means, one of the four claims 1 is configured to determine whether the air of the first flow collection bag is issued discharge The blood collection device described in 1.

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