JPH02268611A - Tacky sheet for seeding and raising of seedling and method for seeding and raising of seedling - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently and readily sow seeds and improve operating and economic efficiencies by carrying out seeding and raising of seedlings using a tacky sheet for the seeding and raising of the seedlings consisting of a water-soluble or water-dispersible support and/or tacky agent containing a plant growth regulator. CONSTITUTION:A tacky sheet for seeding and raising of seedlings, obtained by applying a water-soluble or water-dispersible tacky agent 2 in the form of spots, stripes, etc., onto a sheetlike support 1, such as water-soluble or water- dispersible paper or water-soluble film, and loading seeds of Brassica rapa L., etc., onto parts coated with the above-mentioned tacky agent 2 or a tacky agent 3 (containing a plant growth regulator held in microcapsules in the tacky agent 2) of the tacky sheet for the seeding and raising of the seedlings on the above-mentioned support 1 and/or the aforementioned tacky agent 2 containing the plant growth regulator held in the microcapsules therein, then placing the sheet loaded with the seeds on a nursery mat or bed, subsequently sprinkling water from the upper part of the above-mentioned sheet and improving efficiency of the germination and raising of the seedlings.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to sterilizing sowing of crops such as grains, vegetables, and flowers.
In particular, the present invention relates to a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet for sowing and raising seedlings and a method for sowing and raising seedlings that are suitable for efficiently and simply sowing seeds at a desired site with high positional accuracy and for germination and raising of seedlings with high efficiency.

[Conventional technology]

BACKGROUND ART The sowing and raising of crops such as grains, vegetables, and flowers can be roughly divided into two methods: That is, part 1
One method is the so-called direct sowing method, in which the seeds are directly sown in the field for germination and growth.The other method is to first sow the seeds on a small area of seedling mat or nursery bed, germinate and raise the seedlings, and then place the seedlings in the field. This is a method of planting. In all of the above methods, sowing has been done by hand, but as the number of agricultural workers has decreased in recent years and they have aged, the importance of improving workability and efficiency has increased9 or 5.
In the past, because the quality of seeds was uneven, it was necessary to sow more seeds than necessary, and after germination and seedlings, a so-called thinning process was required, leaving high-quality seedlings and removing other seedlings. . However, with the progress of biotechnology in recent years, the quality and germination rate of seeds have improved dramatically due to hybridization (F1 generation) of seeds, so there has been a strong demand for a significant reduction in the amount of sowing.

To date, the following methods have been proposed for the purpose of improving workability and reducing the amount of seed sown. That is, wrap the seeds at appropriate intervals with a long water-soluble tape,
A method of burying seeds in a field. A method of burying seeds in a field by attaching them at appropriate intervals to a long tape with a water-soluble adhesive layer on the surface of a water-soluble support to fix the position of the seeds. (
(Japanese Patent Application No. 62-206492), a method of enlarging small-diameter seeds with a protective agent to make them larger and more uniform in shape, and then sowing the seeds in a field at appropriate intervals using a simple manual seeding machine. can be mentioned.

However, even with these methods, sufficient efficiency of work has not been achieved.

On the other hand, in hydroponic cultivation and rock wool cultivation, which have been rapidly expanding in use in recent years, a predetermined number of seeds are placed at a predetermined interval on a small-area seedling mat L made of urethane foam. The procedure is to germinate, grow the seedlings for a certain period of time, and then transplant the seedlings. However, in this case, since each seed has a wide variety of sizes and shapes, the seed placement work has generally been done manually.

Furthermore, when sowing and raising seedlings of crops, flowers, etc., efforts have been made since ancient times to actively raise healthy seedlings. In particular, the importance of the role of roots in the growth and differentiation process, including the early stages of crop growth, has been recognized, and sowing strategies to foster healthy roots have been attempted, and one of the effective methods is , there is the use of physiologically active substances. Research has also been conducted from a practical standpoint to conveniently control the growth and differentiation of a single crop, and many physiologically active substances have been discovered. These physiologically active substances are called plant growth regulators, and regardless of whether they are natural or non-natural, many of them are low molecular weight organic compounds and are generally extremely expensive. In addition, effective means to localize these plant growth regulators near seeds or seedlings for the necessary period of time have not been found, and their use has not been fully utilized. Ta.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

As mentioned above, in the conventional technology, even in the so-called plant factory format where seedlings are sown and raised using seedling mats or beds, the reality is that the sowing work is still carried out manually. However, there was also a lack of a means to effectively apply growth regulators during the seedling-raising period of crops.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, and to be able to efficiently place a desired number of seeds at desired intervals on a seedling mat or seedling bed with high positional accuracy, and Another object of the present invention is to provide a means for sowing and raising seedlings and a method for sowing and raising seedlings, which allow a growth regulator to effectively act on the seedlings after germination.

[Means to solve the problem]

The above object is made by using water-soluble or water-dispersible paper or a water-soluble film as a support, and applying a water-dispersible adhesive on the support in dots, stripes, etc., and This can be achieved by sowing and raising seedlings using an adhesive sheet for sowing and raising seedlings in which at least one of the body and the adhesive contains a plant growth regulator held in microcapsules.

[Effect]

First, by using the adhesive sheet 1- for sowing and raising seedlings having the above configuration, a desired number of seeds can be easily placed on a desired site on the adhesive sheet, regardless of the size and shape of the seeds. That is, when it is desired to place seeds in dots on the adhesive sheet, an adhesive of the desired size and shape is applied to the desired area on the support, and the seeds are stuck onto the adhesive. Just let it happen. At this time, the size and shape of the adhesive-coated portion are determined in advance according to the size and shape of the seeds to be loaded.

In addition, by containing a plant growth regulator held in microcapsules in at least one of the support and the adhesive, early diffusion and disappearance of the growth regulator on the seedling mat can be suppressed and the growth regulator can be kept for a long time. Continuous supply of the regulator to seeds or young seedlings can be ensured over a period of time.

Here, to briefly explain water-soluble or water-dispersible adhesives, many of these types of adhesives are copolymers of acrylic esters and monomers having carboxyl or hydroxyl groups, and the carboxyl groups and basic Salts of substances with improved water solubility or water dispersibility are used. A specific example of a commercially available product is Arontac S-4.
501 (manufactured by Toagosei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), SK Dyne-1
127, SK Dyne 1170 (both manufactured by Soken Chemical (
Co., Ltd.).

Examples include Movinyl S-70 (manufactured by Hoechst Synthesis Co., Ltd.).

Water-soluble or water-dispersible materials used as supports include water-soluble films and water-soluble papers.

Specifically, water-soluble films include the ``Hi-Selon'' series (manufactured by Ichitai Film Co., Ltd.) and the ``Tsurubron'' series (manufactured by Aicello Chemical Co., Ltd.), which are made from polyvinyl alcohol. “Desolbo WAJ series” (manufactured by Mishima Paper Co., Ltd.) is made from a mixture of fibrous carboxymethyl cellulose and wood pulp.
etc. can be mentioned.

Regarding plant growth regulators, there are a wide variety of plant growth regulators related to the germination of seeds of grains, vegetables, flowers, etc., and the growth of seedlings.For example, auxins as plant hormones, gibberellins, Examples include cytokinins, abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, oligosaccharin, the vitamin nicotinamide, choline chloride, vitamin 1, and the fungicides isobrothiolane, hydroxyisoxazole, and metasulfocarb.

The physiological effects of these substances are complex and many points are unclear; for example, indoleacetic acid, naphthylacetamide, etyclozate, etc. have root growth promoting effects, and nicotinamide promotes root growth, It is known to have a rooting promoting effect. It goes without saying that many plant hormones regulate plant growth.
The above-mentioned fungicides and choline chloride are also known to be effective in controlling the growth of seedlings in the early stages (Saio Okada et al., ed., "Biopesticides, Growth Regulators, Development and Utilization Manual": L.I.C.) 1987) ).

For microencapsulation of the above-mentioned plant growth regulator, various known methods may be used, such as those described in 2, "Composite Materials and Interfaces" (Complete Edition by Materials Technology Research Association Editorial Committee, Sogo Gijutsu Shuppan (1986)). be able to.

Regarding coating of adhesives onto a support, most water-soluble adhesives are diluted with organic solvents to improve coating properties and do not contain water, so they cannot be applied directly onto a water-soluble support. However, it is also possible to use a so-called transfer method in which the layer is first coated on a release liner, dried, and then bonded to a support and transferred. For coating fine dotted or streaky patterns, the transfer method provides better results.

In the above description, the various materials and methods used have been described by citing specific product names, but the present invention is not limited to these materials.

〔Example〕

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the adhesive sheet for sowing and raising seedlings and the method for sowing and raising seedlings of the present invention will be specifically explained using Examples.

Example 1 FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged view showing the structure of an example of the adhesive sheet for sowing and raising seedlings of the present invention. This is a cross-sectional view showing a structure in which a water-soluble adhesive 3 containing microcapsules holding a growth regulator is coated on a water-soluble support 1 in a dotted manner.

Here, the production of microcapsules using indoleacetic acid as a growth regulator and calcium carbonate as a capsule material for holding it inside will be explained as follows. That is, first, 3 of potassium carbonate
20ml of a mol/Q aqueous solution and 50+Ill of a 0.3% by weight benzene solution of a nonionic surfactant (a 1:2 mixture of sorbitan monostear-1- and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate) were placed in a flask and shaken vigorously. to create an emulsion. Next, a 600-proof 0.2 mol/Q aqueous solution of calcium chloride was placed in a beaker.
While vigorously stirring the mixture, the emulsion was quickly poured into the container from the bottom using a long-legged funnel.

After stirring at 30° C. for 30 minutes, the reaction product was collected by centrifugal sedimentation, washed with water and methanol on a filter paper, and dried at 110° C. to obtain 5.1 g of calcium carbonate powder. Next, take the calcium carbonate powder into a test tube, put it into a vacuum container with a liquid injection port, and add 1O-3To.
Reduce the pressure to rr, add 1% aqueous indolebutyric acid solution to the calcium carbonate powder under this reduced pressure until the powder is soaked,
It was left for 10 minutes. Finally, the powder was filtered and washed lightly with methanol to obtain calcium carbonate microcapsules holding indolebutyric acid inside.

A coating solution was prepared by adding 1% (weight ratio to solid content) of the above microcapsules to a water-soluble adhesive solution, and this was coated in dots on a water-soluble support to prepare an adhesive sheet.

Example 2 FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view showing the structure of another example of the adhesive sheet for sowing and raising seedlings of the present invention, (A) is a perspective view thereof, and (B) is a bb' cross section of (A). In this cross-sectional view, a polyvinyl alcohol thin film 4 in which microcapsules holding a growth regulator are dispersed is formed on a water-soluble support 1, and a water-soluble adhesive 2 is applied in dots on the thin film 4. This indicates that it consists of a specially designed configuration.

Here, the formation of the microcapsules was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. In addition, a polyvinyl alcohol thin film was formed by coating a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a degree of polymerization of 300 and a degree of saponification of 80% to which 1% (weight ratio to solid content) of the above microcapsules was added onto a support. .

In the case of this example, the thickness of the polyvinyl alcohol thin film is difficult to measure because the surface of the support is rich in irregularities, but the amount of polyvinyl alcohol solution was adjusted so that the average film thickness was calculated to be 10 μm. ! iIl was set up.

Example 3 FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view showing the structure of yet another example of the adhesive sheet for sowing and raising seedlings of the present invention, (A) is a perspective view thereof, (
B) is a cross-sectional view showing the ce' cross section of (A), and is a cross-sectional view of Example 2.
A polyvinyl alcohol thin film 4 in which microcapsules holding a growth regulator are dispersed is formed on a water-soluble support 1 in the same manner as in the case of 1, and microcapsules holding a growth regulator are further formed on the thin film 4. This shows that the water-soluble adhesive 3 containing the following is applied in dots.

The shape and size of the adhesives 2 and 3 can be changed arbitrarily, but in the above embodiment, in each case, the diameter is suitable for placing Komatsuna seeds one by one. It was made into a circular shape of 1.511@.

In addition, the prototype adhesive sheet for sowing and raising seedlings was 300+imX
A total of 300 adhesive dots were formed on a 600 mm support at intervals of 24 mm both in length and width, and two sheets were produced for each of the above examples.

It was used for experiments on sowing and raising seedlings.

Place Komatsuna seeds on the adhesive sheet prepared as above, place the adhesive sheet on a seedling mat, spray water from above, and place in a room at 23°C to germinate and grow. I observed the condition. As a result, the germination rate was over 93% for all sheets, and for comparison, the germination rate was 92% for samples sown manually on urethane mats.
%, and the initial growth condition of the seedlings was extremely good.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, in sowing and raising seedlings of crops, the adhesive sheet for sowing and raising seedlings of the present invention, that is, the support and the adhesive are both made of water-soluble or water-dispersible materials, and the support and the adhesive Seeds are placed on the adhesive coated area using an adhesive sheet containing a plant growth regulator held in microcapsules in at least one of the agents, and the seed-loading adhesive sheet is used as a seedling mat or a seedling raising mat. By placing the seedlings on the floor to germinate and raise them, the problems associated with conventional techniques have been overcome, and it has become possible to sow and raise seedlings that are highly workable, economical, and have excellent growth effects.

[Brief Description of the Drawings] Fig. 1 is a partially enlarged view showing the structure of one embodiment of the sowing and breeding Ichigawa adhesive sheet of the present invention, in which (A) is a perspective view and (B) is a cross section taken along a-a' of (A). 2 are partially enlarged views showing the structure of another embodiment of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet for sowing and raising seedlings of the present invention, in which (A) is a perspective view, (B) is a bb' cross-sectional view of (A), and FIG. The figures are partially enlarged views showing the structure of still another embodiment of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet for sowing and raising seedlings of the present invention, in which (A) is a perspective view and (B) is a sectional view taken along line CC of (A). 1... Water-soluble support 2... Water-soluble adhesive 3... Adhesive containing microcapsules holding a plant growth regulator 4... Polyvinyl mixed with microcapsules holding a plant growth regulator alcohol thin film and r

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet for sowing and raising seedlings comprising a sheet-like support and an adhesive provided on the support, wherein both the support and the adhesive are made of water-soluble or water-dispersible materials. ,
A pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet for sowing and raising seedlings, characterized in that at least one of the support and the pressure-sensitive adhesive contains a plant growth regulator held in microcapsules. 2. Both the support and the adhesive provided on the support are made of water-soluble or water-dispersible materials, and plants held in microcapsules on at least one of the support and the adhesive Sowing characterized by placing seeds on the adhesive-coated part of an adhesive sheet for sowing and raising seedlings containing a growth regulator, and placing the seed-loading sheet on a seedling mat or seedling bed to germinate and raise the seedlings. Seedling raising method.