JPH02240231A - Permanent magnet material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the permanent magnet material with coercive force equal to that of a conventional one and to improve its residual magnetic flux density and maximum energy product by adding specified amounts of Zr, Zn, In, Pb and O rare earth element-Co-Fe-Cu series material low in Cu content and high in Fe content. CONSTITUTION:A permanent magnet material is constituted of the compsn. contg., by weight, 22 to 28% R (one or more kinds among rare earth elements including Y), 5 to 16% Fe, 0.5 to 6.5% Cu, 0.1 to 6% Mn, 0.5 to 6% MA (one or both of Zr and Zn), 0.02 to 2% MB (one or more kinds among In, Pb and O) and the balance Co. The magnet material is manufactured by melting and solidifying the raw material having the above compsn. into an ingot, subjecting it to pulverizing, magnetic compacting, thereafter to sintering, solution heat treatment and furthermore executing heat treatment such as rapid cooling after aging treatment.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is a novel permanent magnet material, more specifically, an R2M17 system in which rare earth elements and transition metals are formed in 5 minutes (R is a rare earth element including yttrium, M (mainly transition metals) pertains to permanent magnetic materials.

(Prior Art) At present, many alloy systems consisting of rare earth elements and transition metal elements have already been provided, and among them, alloy systems of rare earth elements and cobalt Co, particularly R2CO17 type permanent magnet materials, are attracting attention.

There are many different kinds of this R2CO17 type material, but the R-Co-Fe-Cu type 2-17 rare earth permanent magnet material obtained by further substituting a part of Co with Fe and Cu is also conventional. It is publicly known. In this type of alloy material, Cu
The addition of 10w has the effect of increasing the coercive force (iHc).
It was thought that t% or more was necessary. However, as the amount of Cu added increases, a problem arises in that the residual magnetic flux density (B'') decreases.To compensate for this decrease, Fe is added, which has the effect of increasing B'', but if a large amount of Fe is added, i
It was set to be 8 νt% or less because it would lead to a decrease in Hc.

However, in a permanent magnet with such a composition, at most 24M6
It is not possible to obtain a maximum energy product (BH) L of the order of φOe.

aX Therefore, with a low Cu content of 10 wt% Cu or less and 8 wt%
Various proposals have been made to obtain a permanent magnet material that can obtain a high coercive force with a high Fefi higher than Fe and thereby has a high energy product.

For example, 1) Cu 5 to 12 vt%, X: 0.
2-5vt% (X is Z", Nb, -V, Ta.

Cr and Hf), and MnQ, 2-3y1% added (Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-11378), 2) Cu2-10
T in wt%; 6 to 35 wt% (T is Fe.

one or more of Mn and Cr), M: 0.5 to 6w
t% (M is one or more of Zr and Hf) added (Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-61665), 3) Sm-Co-F
In a five-element system of e-Cu-Zr, a characteristic heat treatment is performed with Cu5vt% or less (Japanese Patent Publication No. 6O-34632)
, 4) The general formula is R(Co + -u-, -nCu uF
e v M w ) What is represented by z (Tokuko Showa 6l
-17881).

(However, 0° u≦2.0.0.1<v≦0.6.0.
005≦W≦0.05.6.5≦2≦8.8, M: Ta
, Zr, Nb5Ti, Hf), etc.

Although each of these magnet materials has relatively high coercive force and energy product, there are still some deficiencies and further improvements are required.

[Purpose and structure]

The present inventors have found that the above-mentioned low Cu amount and high Feff
After conducting various research and experiments with the aim of providing a magnet material that further improves the magnetic properties of the R-Co-Fe-Cu permanent magnet material in No. 1, we found that the above system was combined with metal MA (MA is Mn and semimetal, nonmetal MB (
MB is In.

By adding one or more of pb, o), effective R2M, □ system permanent with equivalent coercive force and improved residual magnetic flux density Br and maximum energy product (BH). It was discovered that a magnetic material could be obtained.

Thus, the present invention is! R of 22-28% in fl ratio (R is Y
one or more rare earth elements), 5 to 16% Fe, 0. 5-6. 5% Cu.

0.1-6% Mn, 0.5-6% MA (MA is Zr and/or Zn), 0.02-2%
MB (MB is any one or more of In, Pb, and O), and the remainder is Co. - [Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention will be described in detail below. In this specification, % means % by weight.

As mentioned above, the present invention is an R-Co-Fe-Cu-MA alloy material in which Mn and MB are added.
, Fe is relatively high, 5-16%, and Cu is relatively low, 0.
5-6.5% is used.

Also, as MA, one or both of Zr and Zn is added at 0.5 to 6%.
use Addition of an appropriate amount of MA has the effect of increasing the coercive force iHc and increasing the green energy product without significantly reducing the residual magnetic flux density Br. This is high Fe1l, low Cu1l
In this case, it is effective to increase lHc and also increase the energy product instead of adding Cu without significantly lowering the residual magnetic flux density Br.

Therefore, if the amount of M and A is less than 0.5% by weight, the coercive force i
No effect on Hc was observed, and the maximum energy product, (BH)
No increase was observed. At 2.3 wt% 18X, both the coercive force and the maximum energy product are maximum, but when MA is increased further to exceed 6 vt%, (BH) becomes almost the same as when no MA is added, and the aX effect disappears. Accordingly, in the present invention MA is used in amounts ranging from 0.5 to 6% by weight.

The present invention incorporates M into such a low Cu Ji s high Fe content system.
0.1 to 6% of n and 0.02 to 2% of MB (one or more of Pb, In, and O) are used.

If only MB (for example, PB) is added without adding Mn, the magnetic characteristic values hardly change. pb was added to reduce Mn to 0. 1%
As the amount of addition exceeds 6%, the residual magnetic flux density Br gradually increases and reaches a maximum at an addition amount of 2.5%, after which it decreases again and becomes the same value as when no addition is made. On the other hand, regarding the maximum energy product (BH), the amount of Mn added is 2.
It reaches a maximum at 0ax%, decreases again when more than that is added, and decreases significantly when it exceeds 6%. Therefore, Mn is used in an amount of 0.1 to 6%, preferably 0.5 to 4%.

Further, when only Mn is added to the basic composition without MB, the magnetic characteristic values hardly change.

However, in addition to manganese Mn, there are also MB, such as lead pb.
As % is added, both the residual magnetic flux density and the maximum energy product increase from 0.04%, and both reach their maximum at 1.0%, and when they exceed 2.0%, they both decrease rapidly. Also, when indium In is used as MB, 0.0
Both the residual magnetic flux density and the energy product gradually increase from 4%, reaching a maximum at 0.8%, and decrease significantly when exceeding 2.0%. Similarly, when oxygen 0 is added as MB, a small amount compared to Pb11n affects the residual magnetic flux density and energy product, making it higher than when neither is added, reaching the highest value at 0.3%, and exceeding 0.8%. It will drop. Thus M
B is added in a range of approximately 0.02 to 2.0%, in which P
b, In is 0.3 to 1.5%, O is 0.02 to 0.8%
A range of is preferred.

These results show that either Mn or MB has no effect when used alone, and a significant effect can be seen only when both are used together and within a very limited range. These facts are clear from the following examples.

This magnetic material can be made by a known method. For example, raw materials having a predetermined composition are prepared, melted and solidified to create an ingot, which is crushed and shaped using a magnetic field. The material is then subjected to sintering, solution treatment, and further heat treatment such as aging treatment followed by rapid cooling. When oxygen is used as the MB, a predetermined amount of oxygen is mixed into the jet during pulverization, but the heat treatment is the same as in other cases.

〔Example〕

Example 1 below shows the magnetic properties when neither Mn nor MB is added, Example 2 shows the magnetic properties when a fixed amount of MB is added and various amounts of Mn, and Examples 3.4.5 show the magnet properties when a fixed amount of Mn is added. , PbSIn, and O were added in various amounts, and Example 6
shows the change in magnetic properties when various amounts of MA are added while other values are constant.

Example 1 (Composition) Sm: 24. lvt%, Fe: 12.9vt%, Cu
: 3.9 wt%, Zr: 2.3 wt%, and the balance consists of Co (pre-process) The required alloy was melted in a high frequency melting furnace, coarsely crushed in a show crusher, and then finely crushed in a jet mill. This fine powder was compression molded in a magnetic field of 15 KOe at a molding pressure of 3 ton/c.

(Heat treatment) Sintering was performed at 1180 to 1250°C for 5 hours, and 1100°C
After solution treatment at ~1240°C for 5 hours, 900°C
Aging treatment was carried out for 3 hours at 0.5° C., and the material was cooled to 400° C. at a rate of 0.5° C. 1×1 n, followed by rapid cooling.

(Characteristics) Br-10,82KG, 1Hc=11.04 Example 2 (Composition) Sm: 24. lvt%, Fe: 12.9vt%, Cu:
3.9vt%, Zr: 2.3vt%, Mn: xvt%,
Pb: 1.0%, the balance consisting of CO.

(Pre-process) Same as Example 1 (Heat treatment) Same as Example 1 Example 3 (Composition) Smm24. lvt%, Fe-12,9wt%, Cu-
3.9vt%, Zrm2.3vt%, Mnm2.0w1
%, Pbmxwt%, the balance is C.

Consisting of

(Pre-process) Same as Example 1 (Heat treatment) Same as Example 1 Example 4 (Composition) Sm: 24. lvt%, Fe: 12.9vt%, Cu:
3.9vt%, Zr: 2.3vt%, Mn: 2.
Ovt%, In:xvt%, and the remainder is CO.

(Pre-process) Same as Example 1 (Heat treatment) Same as Example 1 Example 5 (Composition) Sm-24, 1% by weight, Fe-12, 9% by weight, Cu-
It consists of 3.9% by weight, 2.3% by weight of Zr, 2.0% by weight of Mnm, 2% of Omx, and the balance of Co.

(Pre-process) The required alloy was melted in a high frequency melting furnace, coarsely crushed in a show crusher, and then finely crushed in a jet mill. During pulverization, an appropriate amount of oxygen was mixed into the jet to contain it.

This fine powder was molded in a magnetic field of 15 KOe under a molding pressure of 3 ton/c.
- compression molded.

(Heat treatment) Same as example 1 Example 6 (composition) Sm-24, 1% by weight, Fem12゜ Cu=3.9Zit amount%, Zr-X.

Mn-2.0% by weight, Pb-1゜ The remainder consists of Co.

(Pre-process) Same as Example 1 (Heat treatment) Same as Example 1 0% by weight, 9% by weight [Effect of the invention] According to the present invention, Mn and MB are added to the conventional composition with low Cu:l and high Fe content. When a limited amount of each is added, the coercive force is the same as that of the conventional one, and the residual magnetic flux density and maximum energy product can be increased and the magnetic properties can be improved, which is very effective.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 22-28% R by weight (R is one or more rare earth elements including Y), 5-16% Fe, 0.5-6.
5% Cu, 0.1-6% Mn, 0.5-6% MA
(MA is either Zr or Zn or both), 0.0
A permanent magnet material consisting of 2 to 2% MB (MB is one or more of In, Pb, and O) and the balance is Co.