JP7522928B2 - 電気分解用電極の製造方法 - Google Patents
電気分解用電極の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7522928B2 JP7522928B2 JP2023517804A JP2023517804A JP7522928B2 JP 7522928 B2 JP7522928 B2 JP 7522928B2 JP 2023517804 A JP2023517804 A JP 2023517804A JP 2023517804 A JP2023517804 A JP 2023517804A JP 7522928 B2 JP7522928 B2 JP 7522928B2
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- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 64
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 21
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012695 Ce precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoplatinum Chemical compound [Pt]=O MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910003446 platinum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ru+3] YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IBMCQJYLPXUOKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-3h-pyridine Chemical compound CN1C(C)(C)CC=CC1(C)C IBMCQJYLPXUOKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019891 RuCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000004687 hexahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- BIXNGBXQRRXPLM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(3+);trichloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.Cl[Ru](Cl)Cl BIXNGBXQRRXPLM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910004631 Ce(NO3)3.6H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003594 H2PtCl6.6H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JPCWAQIYCADHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N O(O)O.[Ru] Chemical compound O(O)O.[Ru] JPCWAQIYCADHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005456 alcohol based solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- FBEIPJNQGITEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrachloroplatinum Chemical compound Cl[Pt](Cl)(Cl)Cl FBEIPJNQGITEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 229910009112 xH2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920006310 Asahi-Kasei Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020427 K2PtCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020437 K2PtCl6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019032 PtCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019029 PtCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOSXDVYWNFUSBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+](=O)[Pt][N+]([O-])=O Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)[Pt][N+]([O-])=O DOSXDVYWNFUSBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MEXSQFDSPVYJOM-UHFFFAOYSA-J cerium(4+);disulfate;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Ce+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O MEXSQFDSPVYJOM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003843 chloralkali process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004502 linear sweep voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L platinum dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Pt]Cl CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- NHWBVRAPBLSUQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H ruthenium hexafluoride Chemical compound F[Ru](F)(F)(F)(F)F NHWBVRAPBLSUQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- OJLCQGGSMYKWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Ru+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OJLCQGGSMYKWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- WYRXRHOISWEUST-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(3+);tribromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Ru+3] WYRXRHOISWEUST-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PMMMCGISKBNZES-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(3+);tribromide;hydrate Chemical compound O.Br[Ru](Br)Br PMMMCGISKBNZES-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- LJZVDOUZSMHXJH-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(3+);triiodide Chemical compound [Ru+3].[I-].[I-].[I-] LJZVDOUZSMHXJH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KPZSTOVTJYRDIO-UHFFFAOYSA-K trichlorocerium;heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl KPZSTOVTJYRDIO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/075—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/052—Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
- C25B1/46—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in diaphragm cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/055—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material
- C25B11/057—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of a single element or compound
- C25B11/061—Metal or alloy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/075—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
- C25B11/081—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the element being a noble metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
- C25B11/093—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one noble metal or noble metal oxide and at least one non-noble metal oxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
- C25B11/097—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds comprising two or more noble metals or noble metal alloys
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Description
陽極(anode)反応:2Cl-→Cl2+2e-(E0=+1.36V)
陰極(cathode)反応:2H2O+2e-→2OH-+H2(E0=-0.83V)
全反応:2Cl-+2H2O→2OH-+Cl2+H2(E0=-2.19V)
(1)本発明は、金属基材の少なくとも一つの面上にコーティング組成物を塗布するステップと、コーティング組成物が塗布された金属基材を乾燥及び熱処理してコーティング層を形成するステップとを含み、前記コーティング組成物はルテニウム前駆体及び安定化剤を含み、前記安定化剤は尿素及びオクタデシルアミンを含むことを特徴とする電気分解用電極の製造方法を提供する。
電気分解工程で電極の過電圧を下げようとする研究が続いており、その努力の一環としてコーティング層の形成に使用されるコーティング組成物に様々な成分を添加してコーティング層が安定的に形成されるようにする方法に対する研究が活発な状況である。代表的な例として、アミン基を有する化合物をコーティング組成物に添加する場合、形成されるコーティング層の構造を最適化して最終的に製造される電気分解用電極の性能を改善できることが知られている。ただし、アミン基を有する化合物を使用する場合においても、化合物の具体的な化学構造や物理/化学的な特性に応じて製造過程における使用方法や最終的に製造される電気分解用電極の性能が異なり得る。
本実施例では、ルテニウム前駆体としてルテニウム(III)クロリドハイドレート(RuCl3・nH2O)、セリウム前駆体としては、セリウム(III)ニトレートヘキサハイドレート(Ce(NO3)3・6H2O)、白金前駆体としては、クロロ白金酸ヘキサハイドレート(H2PtCl6・6H2O)を使用した。コーティング組成物のための溶媒としては、2.375mlのイソプロピルアルコールと2.375mlの2-ブトキシエタノールの混合物を使用した。金属基材としては、日東金網社のニッケルメッシュ(40mesh)の基材を使用した。
金属基材にコーティング層を形成する前に、各実施例及び比較例で使用される基材の表面をアルミニウムオキシド(White alumina、F120)で0.4MPaの条件でサンドブラストした後、80℃に加熱された5MのH2SO4水溶液に入れて3分間処理してから蒸留水で洗浄して前処理を完了した。
前記材料の混合溶媒に、3mmolのルテニウム(III)クロリドハイドレート、0.6mmolのセリウム(III)ニトレートヘキサハイドレート及び0.25mmolのクロロ白金酸ヘキサハイドレートを1時間十分に溶解させ、尿素0.5661mmolとオクタデシルアミン0.1887mmolを投入し混合してコーティング組成物を製造した。製造したコーティング組成物をブラシを用いて前処理されたニッケルメッシュにコーティングした。その後、180℃の対流式乾燥オーブンで10分間乾燥させ、500℃の電気加熱炉でさらに10分間熱処理した。このようなコーティング、乾燥及び熱処理過程をさらに9回行った後、最終的に500℃の電気加熱炉で1時間熱処理して電気分解用電極を製造した。
前記実施例1で、コーティング組成物に尿素0.3774mmolとオクタデシルアミン0.3774mmolを投入したことを除いては、同様に実施して電気分解用電極を製造した。
前記実施例1で、コーティング組成物に尿素0.1887mmolとオクタデシルアミン0.5661mmolを投入したことを除いては、同様に実施して電気分解用電極を製造した。
前記実施例1で、コーティング組成物に尿素0.7548mmolを投入し、且つオクタデシルアミンは投入しなかったことを除いては、同様に実施して電気分解用電極を製造した。
前記実施例1で、コーティング組成物にオクタデシルアミン0.7548mmolを投入し、且つ尿素は投入しなかったことを除いては、同様に実施して電気分解用電極を製造した。
前記実施例及び比較例で製造した電極の性能を確認するために、塩水電気分解(Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis)での半電池を用いた陰極電圧測定実験を行った。具体的に、電解液は32%NaOH水溶液を用い、相対電極はPtワイヤを、基準電極はHg/HgO電極を用い、下記製造された電極を前記電解液に浸漬した後、-0.62A/cm2の電流密度の条件で3時間活性化した。この後、Potentiostat装備(WonATech、Multichannel Potentiostat)を用いた線形掃引ボルタンメトリー(Linear Sweep Voltammetry)に従って、電流密度-0.62A/cm2の条件で、活性化した電極の電圧を測定した。その結果を下記表1に示した。
電気分解用電極のコーティング層内のルテニウム酸化物は、電解過程で金属ルテニウム又はルテニウムオキシヒドロキシド(RuO(OH)2)の形態に転換され、逆電流が発生する状況で前記ルテニウムオキシヒドロキシドはRuO4 2-に酸化して電解液に溶出する。したがって、逆電流の発生条件に遅く到達するほど電極の耐久性に優れると評価することができる。このような点から、前記実施例及び比較例で製造した電極を活性化してから、逆電流の発生条件を造成した後、経時的な電圧の変化を測定した。具体的に、電極サイズを10mm×10mmとし、温度80℃、電解液32重量%の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液の条件下で電流密度-0.1A/cm2で20分、-0.2A/cm2及び-0.3A/cm2で各3分、-0.4A/cm2で30分間水素を発生させるように電解して電極を活性化した。その後、逆電流の発生条件で0.05kA/m2で電圧が-0.1Vに到達する時間を測定し、市販の商用電極(Asahi-Kasei社)を基準にして相対的な到達時間を計算した。その結果を下記表2に示した。
Claims (8)
- 金属基材の少なくとも一つの面上にコーティング組成物を塗布するステップと、
コーティング組成物が塗布された金属基材を乾燥及び熱処理してコーティング層を形成するステップと、を含み、
前記コーティング組成物は、ルテニウム前駆体、セリウム前駆体、白金前駆体及び安定化剤を含み、
前記安定化剤は、尿素及びオクタデシルアミンを含む、電気分解用電極の製造方法。 - 前記尿素及びオクタデシルアミンは、90:10~10:90のモル比で含まれる、請求項1に記載の電気分解用電極の製造方法。
- 前記尿素及びオクタデシルアミンは、80:20~60:40のモル比で含まれる、請求項2に記載の電気分解用電極の製造方法。
- 前記ルテニウム前駆体及び安定化剤は、100:20~100:40のモル比で含まれる、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の電気分解用電極の製造方法。
- 前記コーティング組成物の溶媒は、イソプロピルアルコールと2-ブトキシエタノールの混合物である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の電気分解用電極の製造方法。
- 前記塗布、乾燥及び熱処理は、電気分解用電極の単位面積当たりのルテニウム酸化物の含量が7g/m2以上となるように繰り返し行われる、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の電気分解用電極の製造方法。
- 前記乾燥は、50℃~300℃で5分~60分間行われる、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の電気分解用電極の製造方法。
- 前記熱処理は、400℃~600℃で1時間以下行われる、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の電気分解用電極の製造方法。
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