JP7491932B2 - 操作されたb型肝炎コアポリペプチド - Google Patents
操作されたb型肝炎コアポリペプチド Download PDFInfo
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- JP7491932B2 JP7491932B2 JP2021538029A JP2021538029A JP7491932B2 JP 7491932 B2 JP7491932 B2 JP 7491932B2 JP 2021538029 A JP2021538029 A JP 2021538029A JP 2021538029 A JP2021538029 A JP 2021538029A JP 7491932 B2 JP7491932 B2 JP 7491932B2
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Description
本発明は、説明される特定の方法論、プロトコル、細胞株、動物種または属、および試薬に限定されるものではなく、それら自体は変化し得ることを理解されたい。本明細書で使用される用語は、特定の実施形態のみを説明する目的のためのものであり、添付の特許請求の範囲によってのみ限定される本発明の範囲を限定することが意図されるものではないことも理解されるべきである。
本発明のポリペプチドは、例えば、配列番号1または配列番号2を参照して、HBc配列を含み、様々な修飾が、特にカーゴをローディングするための有用性を向上させるために行われる。いくつかの実施形態では、配列番号1、配列番号2、または同等のHBcポリペプチドに記載される配列は、残基A131における塩基性アミノ酸、例えば、H、K、Rへのアミノ酸置換によって修飾され、いくつかの実施形態では、置換は、A131Kである。この修飾は、一般に、配列番号1または配列番号2と比較して、タンパク質の「スパイク先端」、すなわち、残基73~81の領域上の負の電荷を低減する一連のアミノ酸置換と組み合わせて行われる。いくつかの実施形態では、配列番号1または配列番号2に対する一連のアミノ酸変化は、I57V、L60S、G63R、D64E、L65V、M66T、T67D、L68F、A69G、T70D、T74N、L76M、E77Q、P79Q、S81A、S87N、T91A、V93I、およびF97Iである。いくつかの実施形態では、一連のアミノ酸変化は、T74N、L76M、E77Q、P79Q、およびS81Aである。いくつかの実施形態では、低減された負の電荷を有するHBcタンパク質のアミノ酸配列は、配列番号3である。この一連の先端置換は、組織化に必要なイオン強度、例えば、約1.5MのNaClまで増加することが見出されている。A131置換の包含は、組織化に必要なイオン強度を低減し、例えば、1M未満、0.75M未満、0.5M未満、および0.25M未満であり得る。
本明細書に記載される修飾は、RNA、DNA、タンパク質、化学療法薬などの小分子などを含むが、これらに限定されない治療用カーゴをVLPにローディングすることを可能にする。ローディングは、疎水性またはイオン対合引力を利用し得る。任意選択で、カーゴは、ジスルフィド結合によってVLPの内部に結合される。
コンジュゲーションのための活性基が反応性アジド基およびアルキン基である場合、HBcとパートナーとの間の反応は、当技術分野で既知のように、触媒化に十分な濃度、例えば、少なくとも約1μM、少なくとも約0.1mM、少なくとも約1mMなどで、銅(I)触媒で触媒化され得る。この反応は、反応が嫌気条件下で実施される限り、臭化銅もしくは塩化銅などの市販の銅(I)またはテトラキス(アセトニトリル)銅(I)ヘキサフルオロホスフェートなどの化合物の供給源を使用して実施することができる。この反応は、様々な溶媒中で実行することができ、水およびアルコール、DMSO、DMF、tBuOHおよびアセトンを含む様々な(部分的に)混和性有機溶媒の混合物は、良好に機能する。反応は、室温で進行し、所望の完了レベルに、例えば、少なくとも約15分、少なくとも約1時間、少なくとも約4時間、少なくとも約8時間以上で進行する。
HBcからなるVLP、カーゴを含むVLPを含み、任意選択で1つ以上のコンジュゲートされた部分を含む、HBcポリペプチドは、薬学的に許容される賦形剤中に提供され得、様々な製剤中にあってもよい。当技術分野で周知であるように、薬学的に許容される賦形剤は、薬理学的に有効な物質の投与を容易にする比較的不活性な物質である。例えば、賦形剤は、形態または一貫性を与えることができ、または希釈剤として作用することができる。好適な賦形剤としては、安定化剤、湿潤剤および乳化剤、様々な浸透圧に対する塩、カプセル化剤、緩衝液、および皮膚浸透促進剤が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。賦形剤、ならびに非経口および非経口ではない(nonparenteral)薬物送達のための製剤は、Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences 19th Ed.Mack Publishing(1995)に記載されている。
実施例1
B型肝炎ウイルス様粒子組織化の操作
B型肝炎コアサブユニットの精製。歴史的に、HepBc VLPは、組織化されていない単量体または二量体ではなく、VLPとして産生および精製された。HepBc単量体の取得は、初期の適用には必要ではなく、SECは、無細胞反応におけるほとんどの他のタンパク質からVLPを精製するための最も単純な方法であった。E.coliまたは当研究室での無細胞タンパク質合成(CFPS)のいずれかを使用したHepBcの発現後、粗混合物を、増加したイオン強度の緩衝液に対して透析して、HepBc VLPの自己組織化を誘導した。次いで、単一のSECステップを使用して、VLPを、それらの大きなサイズに基づいて精製した。その後の安定化および表面付着を実施し、第2のSECステップを使用して、最終生成物を精製した。しかしながら、この方法には2つの大きな欠点があった。まず、HepBc単量体の精製を可能にしない。所望のカーゴをローディングするためには、高精製HepBcサブユニットから始める必要がある。他の者は、精製されていないタンパク質のVLP組織化、続いてサブユニットを精製するための分解反応を使用してきたが、その方法は、厳しい化学物質(尿素、グアニジンなど)でVLPを処理することを伴い、カーゴのローディングおよび再組織化後の収率および生成物の品質を低減させる可能性がある。第2の欠点は、この方法がまた、共精製されたE.coliタンパク質複合体であることである。
無細胞タンパク質合成反応。HepBcタンパク質の発現反応は、前述のように、PANOx-SP無細胞プロトコルを使用した(Voloshin&Swartz,Biotechnol.Bioeng.91,516-521 (2005))。Braun 10L Biostat C発酵槽で増殖させたA19met+、ΔtonA、ΔtnaA、ΔspeA、ΔendA、ΔsdaA、ΔsdaB、ΔgshA E.coli細胞(株KC6)から細胞抽出物を調製した。この抽出物に加えて、タンパク質合成に必要な低分子試薬、精製T7 RNAポリメラーゼ、および関心対象のプラスミドを添加した。Qiagen Maxiprep精製キットを使用してプラスミドを調製し、イソプロパノール/エタノール洗浄ステップを含んだ。標準的なアミノ酸に加えて、組み込まれた放射能を測定することによって合成されたタンパク質の定量化を可能にするために、5μMの14C-ロイシンも加えた。反応を複数のスケールで実施した。2mLのエッペンドルフチューブに50μL、6ウェルの組織培養プレートに600μL、または10cmのペトリ皿に6mL。反応物を20~30℃で様々な時間インキュベートした。液体シンチレーションカウントを使用して組み込まれた放射能を測定することによって、タンパク質濃度を決定した。総タンパク質サンプルを直接測定し、可溶性タンパク質サンプルを、10kxgで15分間遠心分離して不溶性物質を除去した後に測定した。両方のサンプルを、5%トリクロロ酢酸でWhatman濾紙上に沈殿させた後、5%トリクロロ酢酸で3回洗浄して、組み込まれなかった14C-ロイシンを除去する。
比較的小さい分子量を有するカーゴのローディングおよび保持
複雑な生物内の意図される細胞に特異的な活性分子の標的送達は、100年以上前に想定されたが、まだ効率的に達成されていない。例えば、抗癌薬の効率的な標的送達は、腫瘍部位における薬物有効性を改善し、副作用を低減する可能性を有する。この目的のために、抗体-薬物コンジュゲート(ADC)を集中的に研究し、開発した。しかしながら、それらは、構造的不均一性、不安定性、毒性、および限られた溶解性を含むいくつかの制限に悩まされている。対照的に、リポソーム、ポリマーベース、金属ベース、およびタンパク質ベースのナノ粒子(NP)を含むNPベースの送達剤は、より高いカーゴ/キャリア比で粒子内に抗癌薬を封入することによって、より安全かつより効率的な送達を提供する可能性がある。
B型肝炎コアウイルス様粒子内への高分子カーゴのローディング
この実施例で説明されている作業は以下を対処する。(1)VLP中への高分子カーゴのローディングおよび保持、並びに(2)特異的な細胞標的化前者については、例として核酸およびタンパク質の両方のローディングを示すことになる。後者の場合、前立腺癌(PCa)細胞の表面上の前立腺特異的膜抗原(PSMA)は、表面修飾VLPによって標的化される。
以下は、種々の高分子カーゴ、例えばsiRNAをローディングするための、改変したC末端ドメインを有するHepBcバリアントの設計および精製を説明する。便宜上、我々は、同じ配列に一致する一本鎖DNA(ssDNA)構築物を使用してsiRNAを模倣し(ウラシルにチミジンを置換する)、便宜的な検出のために蛍光プローブ6-カルボキシフルオレセイン(6FAM)にコンジュゲートされる。
HP変異は、単量体が二量体化すると形成される「スパイク」領域に導入される各HepBc単量体における一連の18個のアミノ酸変化であり、この修飾は、負に荷電したリガンドの「クリック」反応を大幅に改善した。HepBc VLPの免疫原性および抗原性も低減する。しかしながら、組織化に必要なイオン強度を0.5M~1.5MのNaClに増加させる望ましくない効果を有する。
A131Kは、HPバリアントの組織化に必要なイオン強度を低減して、0.5MのNaClの野生型レベルに戻す組織化体界面における変異である(実施例1)。
SS1およびSS8は、それぞれVLPシェルの条件的安定化のためにVLP二量体間に追加の240個のジスルフィド結合を追加する2つの異なる「SS」系列変異である。これらの結合は、サイトゾルの還元条件によって還元される。
80Mは、メチオニン置換を介してメチオニン-アナログnnAAを組み込むために、メチオニン(ATGコドン)に変異した位置を指す。
2ASVinsは、翻訳開始非天然メチオニン類似体が、CFPSに使用される細胞抽出物によって提供されるメチオニルアミノペプチダーゼによって除去されることを可能にするために、イニシエーターホルミルメチオニンの後に3つのアミノ酸(ASV)を挿入する。この修飾は、表面スパイクの先端上の所望の残基でのコンジュゲーションに加えて発生するHepBcタンパク質N末端への表面コンジュゲーションを回避した。
6Hは、精製のために、およびプロトンスポンジ効果を介したエンドソーム回避のためにも使用されるC末端ヘキサヒスチジンタグを指す。
VLP変異誘発試験。本試験で使用した各種HepBcおよびGFPバリアントを、QuikChange変異誘発およびIDTからのプライマーを使用して作製した。配列をSequetechによるDNA配列決定によって検証した。
改善されたウイルス様粒子安定化
この実施例は、二重ジスルフィドブリッジネットワークを使用した安定化されたウイルス様粒子を説明する。これにより、ナノ粒子が分解されて、わずかに還元された条件下で、低イオン強度緩衝液中でより小さなサブユニットを形成することを防止する。
B型肝炎コア(HBc)タンパク質を、前述のように、PANOx-SP細胞遊離プラットフォームを使用して発現させた。KC6株(A19met+、ΔtonA、ΔtnaA、ΔspeA、ΔendA、ΔsdaA、ΔsdaB、ΔgshA)の細胞抽出物を使用してHBcを調製した。細胞抽出物は、Braun 10L Biostat C発酵機を使用するか、またはシェイクフラスコ培養物を使用して調製した。この抽出物に加えて、タンパク質合成に必要な低分子試薬(10mMのグルタミン酸マグネシウム、10mMのグルタミン酸アンモニウム、175mMのグルタミン酸カリウム、1.25mMのATP、1mMのGTP、1mMのUTP、1mMのCTP、34μg/mLのフォリン酸、170.6μg/mLのtRNA、グルタミン酸を除く20個の天然アミノ酸の各々2mM、30mMのホスホエノールピルビン酸塩、0.33mMのNAD、0.27mMのCoA、2.7mMのシュウ酸、1mMのプトレシン、および1.5mMのスペルミジン)、精製T7 RNAポリメラーゼ、および関心対象のプラスミドを添加した。プラスミドは、反応に添加された最後の成分であった。イソプロパノール/エタノール洗浄ステップを含むQiagen Maxiprep精製キットを使用してプラスミドを調製した。標準アミノ酸に加えて、5μMの14C-ロイシンも加えて、組み込まれた放射能を測定することによって合成タンパク質の定量化を可能にした。
Claims (12)
- B型肝炎コアタンパク質(HBc)ポリペプチドであって、
カルボキシ末端でのカーゴローディングドメインを含んでおり、
前記カーゴローディングドメインが、(配列番号4)EGFGEGFGEGF、(配列番号5)EGFGEGFGEGFC、(配列番号6)IGIGC、及び(配列番号7)IGIGICから選択される、
HBcポリペプチド。 - 前記カーゴローディングドメインの前または後に、C末端ポリヒスチジンタグをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のHBcポリペプチド。
- 元になるアミノ酸配列が配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列である場合、アミノ酸置換A131Kを伴う、請求項1または2に記載のHBcポリペプチド。
- 元になるアミノ酸配列が配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列である場合、[D29C、R127C]、[T109C、V120C]、[Y132C、N136C]、[Y132C、A137C]、[R133C、N136C]、[R133C、A137C]、[P134C、P135C]、[P134C、N136C]、[P134C、A137C]、および[P135C、N136C]から選択される1つ以上のアミノ酸置換をさらに含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のHBcポリペプチド。
- 元になるアミノ酸配列が配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列である場合、前記アミノ酸置換は、[D29C、R127C、P134C、N136C]である、請求項4に記載のHBcポリペプチド。
- 元になるアミノ酸配列が配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列である場合、アミノ酸置換[Q57V、L60S、G63R、D64E、L65V、M66T、T67D、L68F、A69G、T70D、T74N、L76M、E77Q、P79Q、S81A、S87N、T91A、V93I、F97I]、または[T74N、L76M、E77Q、P79Q、S81A]をさらに含む、請求項4または5に記載のHBcポリペプチド。
- 少なくとも1つの非天然アミノ酸をさらに含む、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のHBcポリペプチド。
- 前記非天然アミノ酸は、クリックケミストリー反応のための反応基を提供する、請求項7に記載のHBcポリペプチド。
- 前記非天然アミノ酸は、アジドホモアラニン、ホモプロパルギルグリシン、p-アセチル-L-フェニルアラニン、またはp-アジド-L-フェニルアラニンである、請求項8に記載のHBcポリペプチド。
- 前記非天然アミノ酸にコンジュゲートされた1つ以上の追加の部分をさらに含む、請求項9に記載のHBcポリペプチド。
- 請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載のHBcポリペプチドからなるVLP。
- カプセル化されたカーゴを含む、請求項11に記載のVLP。
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