JP7489058B2 - 油中水型エマルジョン型凝集処理剤及びその溶解方法 - Google Patents
油中水型エマルジョン型凝集処理剤及びその溶解方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7489058B2 JP7489058B2 JP2020070127A JP2020070127A JP7489058B2 JP 7489058 B2 JP7489058 B2 JP 7489058B2 JP 2020070127 A JP2020070127 A JP 2020070127A JP 2020070127 A JP2020070127 A JP 2020070127A JP 7489058 B2 JP7489058 B2 JP 7489058B2
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Description
これら凝集処理剤としては、ポリアクリルアミド(PAM)系水溶性高分子、一級アミノ基を含有する水溶性高分子が汎用されている。凝集処理剤の形態としては、油中水型エマルジョン、粉末品、高粘稠品、塩水中分散液等が使用されている。この中で油中水型エマルジョンは高濃度での製品が製造可能であり、粉末品や高粘稠品に比べて溶解しやすいので高分子量を要する凝集処理剤用途として適した形態である。
一般的に油中水型エマルジョンは、溶解時、水に分散させると水滴のまわりには油が存在するため、転相剤として親水性乳化剤をエマルジョン中にあるいは溶解水中に添加し溶解を促進させる。しかし、転相のバランスが崩れるとエマルジョンを膨潤させ未溶解部が生じることや、油中水型エマルジョンの急速な溶解や粘性上昇によって粗大な未溶解粒子の発生が生じる場合がある。
そこで、油中水型エマルジョン型の凝集処理剤の溶解性を改善するために種々の方法が提案されている。例えば、特許文献1では、油中水型高分子エマルジョンに転相剤として非イオン性油溶性乳化剤及び非イオン性水溶性乳化剤を併用添加する溶解性調節方法が開示されている。
特許文献2、3では、特定の構造単位を有するカチオン性油溶性高分子を必須として含有することで溶解性が優れる油中水型エマルジョンが開示されている。
しかし、これら提案技術においても現場によっては溶解撹拌効率が低い場合や完全溶解までの時間が設定できない場合が有り、更なる溶解性の改善が要望されている。
本発明におけるポリアクリルアミド系高分子とは、ポリ(メタ)アクリルアミドあるいは(メタ)アクリルアミドと共重合可能なカチオン性単量体及び/又はアニオン性単量体との共重合体である。具体的には、(メタ)アクリルアミド1~100モル%、下記一般式(1)で表されるカチオン性単量体0~99モル%、下記一般式(2)で表されるアニオン性単量体0~99モル%を含有する単量体混合物を重合して製造したものである。
一般式(1)
R1は水素又はメチル基、R2、R3は炭素数1~3のアルキル基、アルコキシ基、R4は水素、炭素数1~3のアルキル基、アルコキシ基あるいはベンジル基であり、同種でも異種でも良い。Aは酸素又はNH、Bは炭素数2~4のアルキレン基又はアルコキシレン基、X1は陰イオンをそれぞれ表わす。
一般式(2)
R5は水素、メチル基又はカルボキシメチル基、QはSO3、C6H4SO3、CONHC(CH3)2CH2SO3、C6H4COOあるいはCOO、R6は水素又はCOOY2、Y1あるいはY2は水素又は陽イオンをそれぞれ表わす。
一般式(3)
R7は水素又はメチル基、Aは酸素原子又はNH、Bは炭素数2~3のアルキレン基又はアルコキシレン基、Z1 -は陰イオンをそれぞれ表わす。
表1の高分子試料1の油中水型エマルジョン全量に対して0.25質量%(製品濃度100質量%換算)のロジンを添加し均一に混合した。これを凝集処理剤試料Aとした。同様に表1の高分子試料にロジンを所定量添加し、凝集処理剤試料B~Eとした。これらを表2に示す。
(水溶液粘度の測定試験)
凝集処理剤試料を水に溶解し、溶解開始からの経時の水溶液粘度を測定した。水溶液粘度は、油中水型エマルジョンの溶解度の指標となり、溶解初期は粘度が低いが完全に溶解すると粘度は高くなり略一定の粘度に到達する。
500mLビーカーに脱塩水497.5g採取し、マグネットスターラーで800rpmにて撹拌しながら、凝集処理剤試料A2.5gをシリンジにて添加した。添加開始時間を0分とし、10分毎の水溶液粘度(0.2質量%)をB型粘度計(東機産業株式会社製B8M型)にて、2号ローターを使用し30rpmで測定した。凝集処理剤試料B~Eについても0.2質量%濃度にて同様な試験を実施した。これらの結果を表3及び表4に示す。
(電気伝導度の測定試験)
電気伝導度は、液中に溶けている塩類(あるいはイオン)量の指標であり、油中水型エマルジョン溶解度の指標となる。溶解初期の電気伝導度は低いが溶解が進行するにつれ電気伝導度は高くなり略一定の電気伝導度に到達する。
500mLビーカーに脱塩水497.5g採取し、水中に電気伝導度計を設置した。マグネットスターラーで800rpmにて撹拌開始、凝集処理剤試料A2.5gを添加、電気伝導度値(mS/m)を60分間計測した。60分間撹拌後の電気伝導度の値を100とし、各分の測定値を%に変換した。凝集処理剤試料D、Eについても0.2質量%濃度にて同様な試験を実施した。これらの結果を表5に示す。
(凝集処理性能試験)
某製紙工場より入手した製紙余剰汚泥(pH6.4、電気伝導度132mS/m、SS分9500mg/L、VTS81.6質量%/SS、VSS89.5質量%/SS)を用い、本発明における凝集処理剤の汚泥脱水試験を実施した。当該現場では現行汚泥脱水剤として高分子試料3が使用されている。
汚泥200mLをポリビーカーに採取し、硫酸バンドを対汚泥120ppm添加、スパチュラを使用し50回かき混ぜ撹拌後、凝集処理剤試料B 0.2質量%溶解液(60分撹拌調製)を対汚泥70ppm加え、ビーカー移し替え攪拌20回行った後、ナイロン製濾布(T-1179L)により濾過し、60秒後の濾液量を測定した。測定後、60秒間濾過した汚泥をプレス圧3Kg/cm2で60秒間脱水し、ケーキ含水率(105℃で20hr乾燥)を測定した。凝集処理剤試料Cについても同様な試験を実施した。これらの結果を表6に示す。
Claims (4)
- 油中水型エマルジョンからなる高分子凝集処理剤製品原液と、ロジン及び/又はカルボキシル基を有するロジン誘導体を含有することを特徴とする凝集処理剤。
- 前記高分子がポリアクリルアミド系高分子及び一級アミノ基含有高分子から選択される一種以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の凝集処理剤。
- 前記ロジン及び/又はカルボキシル基を有するロジン誘導体を油中水型エマルジョンからなる高分子凝集処理剤製品原液に対して、0.01~5質量%含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の凝集処理剤。
- 請求項1~3の何れかに記載の凝集処理剤を水に溶解させることを特徴とする凝集処理剤の溶解方法。
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