JP7471681B2 - 種子の水分刺激コーティングに適した超吸収剤ベースの懸濁液および懸濁液で種子をコーティングする方法 - Google Patents
種子の水分刺激コーティングに適した超吸収剤ベースの懸濁液および懸濁液で種子をコーティングする方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000006297 carbonyl amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:2])C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
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- UQHKFADEQIVWID-UHFFFAOYSA-N cytokinin Natural products C1=NC=2C(NCC=C(CO)C)=NC=NC=2N1C1CC(O)C(CO)O1 UQHKFADEQIVWID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- ZQEIXNIJLIKNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)alaninate Chemical compound COCC(=O)N(C(C)C(=O)OC)C1=C(C)C=CC=C1C ZQEIXNIJLIKNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- STJLVHWMYQXCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propiconazole Chemical compound O1C(CCC)COC1(C=1C(=CC(Cl)=CC=1)Cl)CN1N=CN=C1 STJLVHWMYQXCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DQJCHOQLCLEDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=C1N1C=NN=C1S2 DQJCHOQLCLEDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
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Description
-第1のものは、土壌への播種に超吸収剤を使用することであり、ポリマーは、種子とともに播種場所に加えられ、これは、SAPが基材(地面)全体に接着するプロセスに基づく
-第2の方法は、超吸収剤を種子表面に塗布し、次いでそれを播くことである
本発明の実装を、実施例を用いて説明する。好ましい実施形態には、保護の範囲を限定する効果はない。出願の文章および特許請求の範囲中で使用される単数形および複数形の用語は、同じ意味で使用される(例えば、接着剤(adhesive)-接着剤(adhesives))。
以下の表1は、ダイズ、ソルガム、サトウダイコン、トウモロコシ、コムギ、およびナタネの水分刺激コーティングに適した本懸濁液の例示的組成を示す。重量%は、結果として生じる懸濁液100重量%に対して与えられる。
本懸濁液で種子をコーティングする方法は、アクリル酸カリウムとアクリルアミドとのコポリマーと、水およびエタノールの溶液中のポリ酢酸ビニルと、タルクと、鱗片状黒鉛とを含む懸濁液を、種子ドレッシング装置中のコムギ種子に10秒間注入し、続いて、コーティングされたコムギ種子を種子ドレッシング装置から3秒間放出することを含む。懸濁液でコーティングされた種子は、次いで乾燥される。結果として、他の種子にくっつかない均等にコーティングされたコムギ種子となる。
本懸濁液で種子をコーティングする方法は、アクリル酸カリウムとアクリルアミドとのコポリマーと、水およびエタノールの溶液中のポリ酢酸ビニルと、ポリプロピレンと、鱗片状黒鉛とを含む懸濁液を、種子ドレッシング設備中の、農薬(活性剤)であらかじめコーティングされたトウモロコシ種子に16秒間注入し、続いて、コーティングされたトウモロコシ種子を種子ドレッシング装置から6秒間放出することを含む。懸濁液でコーティングされた種子は、次いで乾燥される。結果として、他の種子にくっつかない均等にコーティングされたトウモロコシ種子となる。加えて、農薬層は、本懸濁液の層によって保護され、個々の種子の粉塵の多さおよび摩耗を低減する。
本懸濁液で種子をコーティングする方法は、農薬(活性成分)を種子ドレッシング装置中のナタネに注入し、その直後に、アクリル酸カリウムとアクリルアミドとのコポリマーと、水およびエタノールの溶液中のポリビニルピロリドンと、タルクと、鱗片状黒鉛とを含む懸濁液を、種子ドレッシング装置中のナタネに5秒間注入し、続いて、コーティングされたナタネを種子ドレッシング装置から2秒間放出することを含む。懸濁液でコーティングされた種子は、次いで乾燥される。結果として、他の種子にくっつかない、均一に農薬処理およびコーティングされたナタネとなる。農薬(活性物質)および本懸濁液の注入はまた、種子ドレッシング装置から種子を放出する必要のない1つのステップに短縮される。
本懸濁液で種子をコーティングする方法は、アクリル酸カリウムとアクリルアミドとのコポリマーと、水およびエタノールの溶液中のポリ酢酸ビニルと、タルクと、鱗片状黒鉛と、バイオスティミュラント(活性剤)とを含む懸濁液を、種子ドレッシング装置中のダイズ種子に15秒間注入し、続いて、コーティングされたダイズ種子を種子ドレッシング装置から9秒間放出することを含む。懸濁液でコーティングされた種子は、次いで乾燥される。結果として、他の種子にくっつかない、均等にバイオスティミュラント処理およびコーティングされたダイズ種子となる。
異なる気候条件にさらされるチェコ共和国の3つの異なる試験場での、本懸濁液による水分刺激コーティングを有するナタネと水分刺激コーティングのないナタネとの比較(A-Chlumec nad Cidlinou、B-Opava、C-Luzany u Pfestic)は、表2を参照されたい。平均を上回る乾燥条件が試験場Bで記録され、これは、対照と比較して最も高い収量(19%)に反映された。
対照のコーティングされていない種子と比較した、本懸濁液でコーティングされたコムギ種子の発芽および成長パラメータの平均値は、表3を参照されたい。本懸濁液は、全ての測定されたパラメータに良い効果をもたらした。本懸濁液でコーティングされた種子は、より良好な発芽、発芽した植物におけるより少ない異常および病変、ならびにより多くの地上部および地下部バイオマスを達成した。
図1は、本懸濁液でコーティングされていない種子(左)およびコーティングされた種子(右)の発芽したトウモロコシ植物を示す。コーティングされた種子から発芽した植物は、コーティングされていない植物と比較して、多くの量のバイオマス、良好に発育した根系および葉の部分を有する。
Heubach試験を用いて、定められた機械的応力条件下での、処理された種子の周りの自由流動粉塵および摩耗粒子の量を決定する。欧州種子処理保証(European Seed Treatment Assurance(ESTA))によって推奨される値は、0.5g粒子/700,000種子である。本懸濁液でコーティングされたナタネの場合、0.1783g粒子/700,000種子の値に達し、これは推奨限度未満である。種子の粉塵および摩耗が少ないことは、(特に、例えば農薬処理の場合の)作業安全性、およびコーティングプロセス全体の効率、すなわち種子上に残っているコーティングの量の観点から特に評価される。
本発明は、発芽を改善し、背丈のバランスを改善し、根への水のアクセスを加速させ、基材中の種子の位置を安定させ、収量を増加させるための、農作物および園芸作物の種子のコーティングに適用可能である。その中に含まれる栄養素および物質の結合とそれに続く徐放を目的とした、粒状および細粒状(microgranular)肥料のコーティングにも適用可能である。
Claims (13)
- アクリレートとアクリルアミドとのコポリマーの形態の超吸収剤と、溶液中に分散または溶解した接着剤と、種子の流動性を改善するのに適した潤滑添加剤と、を含む、種子の水分刺激コーティングに適した超吸収剤ベースの懸濁液であって、前記懸濁液は、前記懸濁液の1~10wt.%の範囲の前記接着剤を含み、前記接着剤は、水およびエタノールならびに/または水およびイソプロパノールの溶液中に分散または溶解しており、前記懸濁液は、前記懸濁液の25~40wt.%の範囲の前記超吸収剤と、前記懸濁液の0.1~8wt.%の範囲の水ならびに前記懸濁液の40~70wt.%の範囲のエタノールおよび/またはイソプロパノールを含む前記接着剤の分散液または溶液と、さらに、前記懸濁液の0.1~15wt.%の範囲の前記潤滑添加剤と、を含み、前記懸濁液は、前記懸濁液の0.1~5wt.%の範囲の、電荷を除去するのに適した帯電防止添加剤をさらに含む、懸濁液。
- 前記超吸収剤は、アクリル酸カリウムとアクリルアミドとのコポリマーであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の懸濁液。
- 前記接着剤は、ポリ酢酸ビニル、ヒドロキシメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ポリビニルピロリドン、リグニンスルホン酸塩、アラビアゴム、または炭水化物であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の懸濁液。
- 前記潤滑添加剤は、黒鉛、タルク、二硫化モリブデン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリプロピレン、またはそれらの混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項1、2、または3に記載の懸濁液。
- 前記帯電防止添加剤は、鱗片状黒鉛であることを特徴とする、請求項1、2、3、または4に記載の懸濁液。
- 前記種子の特性を改善するための活性物質を含むことを特徴とする先行する請求項のいずれか1項に記載の懸濁液であって、前記種子の特性を改善するための前記活性物質は、栄養素、肥料、ビタミン、微量要素および多量要素、ミネラル、接種剤、保水剤、殺虫剤、殺菌剤、除草剤、殺生物剤、およびバイオ農薬などの農薬、生物肥料、成長調整剤、またはバイオスティミュラントを含む群から選択される、懸濁液。
- 前記懸濁液の0.1~10wt.%の範囲の、前記種子の特性を改善するための前記活性物質を含むことを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の懸濁液。
- コーティングされた種子は、トウモロコシ、コムギ、オオムギ、エンバク、ライムギ、イネ、ヒマワリ種子、ナタネ、サトウダイコン、ダイズ、綿、ソルガム、ヒヨコマメ、果実、野菜、芝、マメ、エンドウ、レンズマメ、ピーナッツであることを特徴とする、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の懸濁液。
- 請求項1~8に記載の懸濁液で種子をコーティングする方法であって、超吸収剤と、水およびエタノールならびに/または水およびイソプロパノールの溶液中の接着剤と、潤滑添加剤と、帯電防止添加剤とを含む前記懸濁液を、種子ドレッシング装置中の前記種子に5~20秒間適用し、続いて、コーティングされた種子を前記種子ドレッシング装置から1~10秒間放出し、前記コーティングされた種子を乾燥させることを含むことを特徴とする、方法。
- 前記懸濁液は、前記種子の重量に対して0.1~15wt.%の量で適用されることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記懸濁液は、栄養素、肥料、ビタミン、微量要素および多量要素、ミネラル、接種剤、保水剤、農薬、殺虫剤、除草剤、殺菌剤、殺生物剤、バイオ農薬、生物肥料、成長調整剤、またはバイオスティミュラントを含む群からの少なくとも1つの活性物質で前処理された前記種子に適用されることを特徴とする、請求項9または10に記載の方法。
- 前記懸濁液の適用の直前に、活性成分を前記種子に適用することを含むことを特徴とする、請求項9または10に記載の方法であって、前記活性成分は、栄養素、肥料、ビタミン、微量要素および多量要素、ミネラル、接種剤、保水剤、農薬、殺虫剤、除草剤、殺菌剤、殺生物剤、バイオ農薬、生物肥料、成長調整剤、またはバイオスティミュラントを含む群から選択される、方法。
- 前記懸濁液は、栄養素、肥料、ビタミン、微量要素および多量要素、ミネラル、接種剤、保水剤、農薬、殺虫剤、除草剤、殺菌剤、殺生物剤、バイオ農薬、生物肥料、成長調整剤、またはバイオスティミュラントを含む群から選択される活性物質を含むことを特徴とする、請求項9または10に記載の方法。
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