JP7439020B2 - 育毛組成物 - Google Patents
育毛組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7439020B2 JP7439020B2 JP2021103977A JP2021103977A JP7439020B2 JP 7439020 B2 JP7439020 B2 JP 7439020B2 JP 2021103977 A JP2021103977 A JP 2021103977A JP 2021103977 A JP2021103977 A JP 2021103977A JP 7439020 B2 JP7439020 B2 JP 7439020B2
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- hair growth
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- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FJHBOVDFOQMZRV-XQIHNALSSA-N xanthophyll Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CC(O)CC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C=C(C)C(O)CC2(C)C FJHBOVDFOQMZRV-XQIHNALSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XRASPMIURGNCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zoledronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(P(O)(O)=O)(O)CN1C=CN=C1 XRASPMIURGNCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004276 zoledronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000004835 α-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002076 α-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930000053 β-bisabolol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930007845 β-thujaplicin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000007680 β-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011590 β-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002478 γ-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002446 δ-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
a.液体小胞であって、
i.式I又はII:
式中、R1は水素又は-N(R3)(R4)であり、各R3及びR4は、個々に、水素、低級アルキル、低級アルケニル、低級アラルキル、及び低級シクロアルキルからなる群から選択され、R3及びR4は、一緒になって、アジリジニル、アゼチジニル、ピロリジニル、ピペリジノ、ヘキサヒドロアゼピニル、ヘプタメチレンイミノ、オクタメチレンイミノ、モルホリノ、及び4-低級アルキルピペラジニルからなる群から選択される複素環部分であってもよく、当該複素環部分のそれぞれは、炭素原子上の置換基として0~3個の低級アルキル基、ヒドロキシ、又はアルコキシに結合しており、R2は、水素、低級アルキル、低級アルケニル、低級アルコキシアルキル、低級シクロアルキル、低級アリール、低級アラルキル、低級アルカリル、低級アルカラルキル、低級アルコキシアラルキル、及び低級ハロアラルキル、これらの互変異性体、並びに薬理学的に許容されるこれらの酸付加塩からなる群から選択される、育毛又は発毛化合物及びこれらの混合物のうちの1つ又は2つ以上と、
ii.カルボン酸のC8~C24アルコールエステルと、
を含む、液体小胞と、
b.任意に、粘度調整剤と、
c.薬学的に許容される局所用担体であって、
i.約20~約65%の一価アルコールと、
ii.約0%~約60%の1つ又は2つ以上の二価アルコールと、
iii.水と、
を含む薬学的に許容される局所用担体と、
を含む明澄な組成物であって、
この一価アルコール及び二価アルコールの合計濃度は、この組成物は明澄であるように、総組成物の約40重量%~約80重量%であり、かつ、この液体小胞は、薬学的に許容される液体担体内に懸濁されている、明澄な組成物。
本発明の組成物は、本明細書に記載される本発明の必須要素、工程及び制限事項、並びに本明細書に記載される追加若しくは任意の成分、構成要素、又は制限事項を含む、これらからなる、又はこれらから本質的になることができる。
本発明の組成物は更に、式I又はII:
本発明の組成物はまた、1つ又は2つ以上のカルボン酸のC8~C24アルコールエステル、任意に1つ又は2つ以上のカルボン酸のC10~C22アルコールエステル、あるいは任意に1つ又は2つ以上のカルボン酸のC10~C18アルコールエステルも含む。下記は、カルボン酸のC8~C24アルコールエステルの非限定的な例である:C8~C24(任意にC10~C18)乳酸アルキル(例えばC12~C18乳酸アルキル、乳酸セチル、乳酸ミリスチル、ステアリン酸乳酸グリセリル、C12~C15乳酸アルキルの混合物など;液体脂肪アルコール類(例えばオレイルアルコール)、化学構造C6H5-R(OH)(式中、Rは脂肪族基)を有するフェニルアルコールなどの芳香族アルコール(例えばベンジルアルコール及びフェネチルアルコール);エチレングリコールフェニルエーテルなどの芳香族グリコールエーテル;プロピレングリコールメチルエーテルなどのプロピレンオキシド又はブチレンオキシドベースのグリコールエーテル、並びに参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる米国特許第5,133,967号に開示されているもの。特定の実施形態において、本発明のカルボン酸のC8~C24アルコールエステルは、C12~C18乳酸アルキルからなる群から選択される。特定の実施形態において、C8~C24アルコールは、ミリスチルアルコール又はセチルアルコールである。特定の実施形態において、カルボン酸は乳酸である。特定の実施形態において、本発明のカルボン酸のC8~C24アルコールエステルは、乳酸ミリスチル、乳酸セチル及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される。特定の実施形態において、カルボン酸のC8~C24アルコールエステルは、乳酸セチルである。特定の実施形態において、カルボン酸のC8~C24アルコールエステルは、乳酸ミリスチルである。特定の実施形態において、カルボン酸のC8~C24アルコールエステルは、C12~C15乳酸アルキルの混合物である。
本発明で有用な組成物は、皮膚及び頭皮への局所適用に適した製剤を含有する。用語「局所」は、本明細書で使用される場合、組成物を好適な薬学的担体と共に使用し、局所作用を発揮させるために、脱毛、育毛低下、又は禿頭症の部位に本発明の方法に従って適用することを指す。したがって、本発明の方法に有用なこのような局所用組成物は、治療されるべき皮膚表面と直接接触させることによって化合物が外部から適用される薬学的に許容される形態を包含する。
RI=(D1/D2)/C12~C18乳酸アルキルの濃度%(総組成物に対する%として)
式中、
D1=全非水性溶媒の全体の比誘電率
D2=水性溶媒の全体の比誘電率/濃度
本発明の組成物はまた、1つ又は2つ以上の小胞も含む。特定の実施形態において、小胞は液体小胞である。特定の実施形態において、小胞は非リン脂質の小胞である。図1は、オリンパスBX51顕微鏡(以下に記載)を使用して得た顕微鏡視野の写真であり、実施例1(以下)の組成物に含有される液体小胞を示している。
従来のCCDカメラ技術を装備した透過顕微鏡(すなわち、オリンパスBX51顕微鏡、倍率100×)を使用して、拡大視野を得て、小胞の顕微鏡画像を取得した。顕微鏡の拡大視野内の小胞を検出し、顕微鏡に付随の画像解析ソフトウェア(すなわち、analySIS画像ソフトウェア、Olympus Soft Imaging Solutions GmbH)により、その対応する直径を測定した。
追加的な活性物質
特定の実施形態において、本発明の組成物は、任意に、追加的育毛活性物質、抗アクネ剤、抗菌剤、抗真菌剤、抗生物質又は消毒剤、乾癬治療剤、抗ウイルス剤、抗セボレア剤、フケ防止剤、毛孔性苔癬の治療用活性剤、抗炎症剤、血管拡張剤、UV吸収剤及び抗癌剤からなる群から選択される活性剤を更に含んでもよい。
特定の実施形態において、本発明の組成物は、非イオン性脂質を更に含む。非イオン性脂質は、水中油型(o/w)、油中水型(w/o)シリコーン中の水中油型などの任意の型のエマルション中にミクロ小胞又はナノ小胞を形成することができる。
R5-(OCH2CH2)y-OH 式I
式中、R5は、約6~約22個の炭素原子を有する分枝状又は非分枝状アルキル基であり、yは約4~約100、好ましくは約10~約100である。好ましいアルコキシル化アルコールは、R5がラウリル基であり、yが平均値23を有する種であり、これはCTFA名「ラウレス23」で知られ、商品名「BRIJ 35」で、ICI Americas,Inc.(Wilmington,Del.)から入手可能である。
特定の実施形態において、本発明の組成物は更に、1)クレブス回路(Kreb cycle)の中間体、クレブス回路の中間体でない(non-Kreb cycle intermediate)α-ケト酸、これらの誘導体、及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される酸;並びに/又は2)酸化防止剤、並びに3)飽和及び不飽和脂肪酸の混合物、又はそのような飽和及び不飽和脂肪酸の混合物の供給源、からなる混和物を含む。
特定の実施形態において、本発明の混和物の酸成分は、クレブス回路の中間体、クレブス回路でない(non-Kreb cycle)αケト酸、これらの誘導体、及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される。
酸化防止剤もまた、前述のように、本発明の混和物の構成成分として存在する。一般に、酸化防止剤は、酸化を防止する、又は酸素若しくは過酸化物によって促進される反応を抑制する物質である。理論によって制限されないが、酸化防止剤、又は任意に脂溶性酸化防止剤は、細胞膜に吸収されて酸素ラジカルを中和し、それによって酸化的損傷から毛嚢を保護することができると考えられている。特定の実施形態において、酸化防止剤成分は、リコピン、ルテイン、レチナール及び3,4-ジデヒドロレチナールなどのビタミンAの全ての形態、α-カロチン、β-カロチン(β,β-カロチン)、γ-カロチン、δ-カロチンなどのカロチンの全ての形態、ビタミンC(D-アスコルビン酸、L-アスコルビン酸)の全ての形態、ビタミンE(α-トコフェロール、3,4-ジヒドロ-2,5,7,8-テトラメチル-2-(4,8,12-トリメチルトリデシル)-2H-1-ベンゾピラン-6-オール)、β-トコフェロール、γ-トコフェロール、δ-トコフェロール、トコキノン、トコトリエノールなどのトコフェロールの全ての形態、及び酢酸ビタミンE及びコハク酸ビタミンEなどの容易に加水分解されてビタミンEになるビタミンEエステル、並びにリン酸ビタミンEなどのビタミンE塩、ビタミンA、カロチン、ビタミンC及びビタミンEのプロドラッグ、ビタミンA、カロチン、ビタミンC及びビタミンEの塩など、フラボノイド、並びにこれらの混合物からからなる群から選択され得る。本発明において有用なフラボノイドは、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる、Bissettに付与された米国特許第6,051,602号に見出すことができる。他の実施形態において、酸化防止剤は、ビタミンA、β-カロチン、トコフェロール、及びこれらの混合物からなる脂溶性酸化防止剤の群から選択される。更に他の実施形態において、酸化防止剤は、トコフェロールビタミンE又は酢酸ビタミンEである。更に他の実施形態において、酸化防止剤は、レスベラトロル又はエピガロカテキン没食子酸塩などのポリフェノールである。
本発明の混和物はまた、容易に入手可能な栄養源を毛嚢に提供するのに有用である、遊離又は結合している、飽和及び不飽和脂肪酸の混合物、又はこのような飽和及び不飽和脂肪酸の供給源もこれらの成分として含有する。
A.オレイン酸(約47%)、リノール酸(約16%)、パルミトレイン酸(約5%)、及びリノレン酸(約2%)などの不飽和脂肪酸、並びに
B.パルミチン酸(約23%)、ステアリン酸(約4%)、及びミリスチン酸(約1%)などの飽和脂肪酸。
特定の実施形態において、本発明の組成物は、粘度調整剤を更に含む。有用な粘度調整剤は、本発明の組成物にずり減粘特性も付与する。好適な粘度増強剤には、
(a)カチオン性ポリマー(例えば第四級アンモニウム化合物、ポリクオタニウム化合物、及びクオタニウムシリコーン化合物)と、アニオン性ポリマー(例えばカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC))とを含む、イオン性ポリマーが挙げられる(又は次のものから選択される[又は次のものからなる群から選択される])が、これらに限定されない。
(b)非イオン性ポリマー(例えば、多糖類又は多糖類誘導体などの)、具体的にはセルロース及びその誘導体(例えば、ヒドロキシアルキルセルロースポリマー及びアルキルヒドロキシアルキルセルロースポリマーであって、例えば、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、セチルヒドロキシエチルセルロース);メチルセルロース及びその誘導体(例えば、ヒドロキシメチルセルロース誘導体であって、例えば、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(HPMC)及びヒドロキシブチルメチルセルロース);天然又は合成のゴム及びこれらの誘導体(特にキサンタンガム、グアーガム、及びペクチン);澱粉及びその誘導体;キチン(例えばキトサン);キシログルカン;ポリビニルアルコール;ポリビニルピロリドン;又はこれらの誘導体、が含まれ得る。
レオロジー測定を実施した(TA Instruments ARES G2 Rheometer)。1rad/sで歪掃引を実施することにより降伏応力値を測定し、振動性応力の増加時に、粘性弾性率G’’が貯蔵弾性率G’より大きくなる点として降伏応力値を捉えた。線形粘弾性域内における応力で、100~0.1rad/sで周波数掃引を実施した。剪断速度を0.1~1000s-1でステップさせ、各点においてトルクが一定値に到達することを可能にすることにより、流動曲線ステップを実施した。
特定の実施形態において、一価アルコール、二価アルコール及び水に加えて、本発明の薬学的に許容される局所用担体は、育毛化合物用の1つ又は2つ以上の可溶化剤を含む。好適な可溶化剤として、水、C1~C3アルコール(メタノール、エタノール、n-プロパノール、イソプロパノールなど)、1-ブタノールなどのn-ブタノール、n-ヘキサンノール、2-エチル-1-ヘキサノール、多価アルコール(エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール[例えば、ポリエチレングリコール200(PEG 200)、ポリエチレングリコール400(PEG 400)]、ペンチレングリコール、ブタンジオール異性体、1,5-ペンタンジオール、1,2,6-トリヒドロキシヘキサン、1,2-エチル-1,3-ヘキサンジオール、1,7-ヘパタンジオール、又はグリセリンなど);例えば、1-メトキシ-2-プロパノール、3-エチル-3-ヒドロキシメチルオキセタン、テトラヒドロフルフリルアルコール、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコール又はジプロピレングリコールなどのエーテルアルコール;キシレン、クロロベンゼン、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールジメチルエーテル、酢酸エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル又は酢酸エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、酢酸ジエチレングリコールエチルエーテル及び酢酸ジエチレングリコールブチルエーテル、酢酸プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、1-メトキシプロピル-2-酢酸、3-メトキシ-n-ブチル酢酸、プロピレングリコール二酢酸、N-メチルピロリドン及びN-メチルカプロラクタム、コハク酸トコフェリルポリエチレングリコール(TPGS)、ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)、ジメチルアセトアミド(DMA)、カプリル-カプロイルマクロゴール8-グリセリド(Labrasol)などの可溶化剤又は上述の可溶化剤の任意の混合物を含むが、これらに限定されない一価又は多価の単純アルコールが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
種々の他の材料もまた、本発明に有用な組成物中に存在してもよい。これらには、保湿剤、タンパク質及びポリペプチド、保存料、アルカリ性剤、並びにこれらの混合物が挙げられる。本発明の組成物はまた、キレート剤(例えば、EDTA、クエン酸、フィチン酸)及び保存料(例えば、パラベン)を含んでもよい。これに加えて、本明細書で有用な局所用組成物は、従来の化粧用アジュバント、例えば、染料、日焼け止め剤(例えば、二酸化チタン)、顔料、及び香料などを含有し得る。これら及び他の材料のより詳細な考察は、先に組み込まれた米国特許出願公開第2008/0145331号(Bruningら)、並びに参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる米国特許第5,658,956号(Martinら)に見出すことができる。
本発明の組成物の局所適用によって哺乳類の育毛の成長期の開始を早める及び/又は皮膚上に硬毛が現れる速度を高めるための、本発明の組成物の使用は、以下に記載されるマウスの研究により判定された。
治療製剤#1(表1)を、従来の混合技術を使用して以下に記載するように調製する。
2 BASF(Florham Park、NJ)から供給されるCosmedia Ultra 300
3 Croda(Edison、NJ)から供給される
4 Ashland Inc.(Covington、KY)から供給される
5 Brookfield RVを使用して測定(スピンドル4、温度平衡25℃±1℃後1分で速度6RPM)
(1)オーバーヘッドミキサーを装備した好適な大きさの第1ビーカーにエタノールを添加する。
(2)ペンチレングリコール、グリセリン、クエン酸(該当する場合)及び乳酸をビーカーに添加し、混合物を約2分間混合する。
(3)ミノキシジル及びBHTをビーカーに添加し、約10分間又は溶解するまで撹拌する。
(4)水をゆっくり添加し、混合物を約2分間混合する。
(5)ホットプレート及び磁気撹拌子を装備した別の第2ビーカー内で、ステアレス-10、ステアレス-2、乳酸セチル及び酢酸トコフェラールを予混合して、油相を形成する。
(6)予混合物を約60℃に加熱し、溶解するか又は融解し、かつ油相が均一になるまで磁気撹拌棒で撹拌する。
(7)予混合物を、第1ビーカー内のミノキシジル含有の水相に撹拌しながら添加し、約5分間混合する。
(8)ピルビン酸ナトリウムを、第1ビーカーに添加し、約3分間混合する。
(9)ポリクオタニウム37を第1ビーカーに添加し、第1ビーカー内の混合物を、Silverson L4RTホモジナイザー(Silverson(Birmingham、UK))を使用して7,000rpmで約5分間均質化する。
死亡したヒトの皮膚による、5%ミノキシジル組成物のインビトロでの皮膚浸透性。
HPLCシステム(Waters Alliance(登録商標)HPLCシステム)を使用して、286nmのUV吸収応答を用いてミノキシジルを測定した。Luna 5μM C18(2)250×4.6-mm HPLCカラム(Phenomenex)を使用して、表面洗液、剥がしたテープ、表皮、真皮及び受容器溶液に関して、ミノキシジル被検物質と抽出した試料中の他の不純物とを分離した。移動相は、定組成80%(70:29:1水/メタノール/酢酸-pH3.3):20%メタノールとした。
以下に詳細を記述した本発明の育毛組成物を使用して、マウスの育毛研究を実施をした。
参照により本明細書に組み込まれる、米国特許第6419913(B1)号に記載されるものと同様のマウスモデルにおいて、インビボで育毛研究を行った。5匹の雌マウス(C3Hマウス、Charles River Breeding Laboratories(Kingston、NY))を各被験物質に含めた(すなわち、実施例1及び2の本発明の試験製剤及び比較試験製剤)。
マウスは、研究開始時に、目視検査により決定されるように、ショートヘアクリッパーで背中を無毛まで剃毛した(2×5cm2領域)被験物質を上述のように調製した。被験物質を、マウスの剃毛領域に、1日に投与当たり0.2mLで、毎日適用した。毛髪成長期及び毛髪被覆度の両方を目視検査により観察し、各マウスの毛髪状態を1週間に5日記録した(休止期:毛髪成長周期における休息期-剃毛した皮膚には黒い毛球/毛根が見られない;成長期:成長期毛嚢、すなわち毛髪成長周期で成長状態にある毛嚢-剃毛した皮膚には黒い毛球/毛根が見られる)。成長期(灰色の皮膚、新たな毛髪成長の最初の外観兆候)に入ったマウスの毎日の観察を記録した研究日誌(又は成長期日誌)が記録された。治療は8週間継続した。
本発明の育毛組成物を組み込んでいる組成物(例えば、水中油型エマルション)又はゲルを、従来の混合技術を使用して調製し、表7で比較製剤A(カルボン酸のC8~C24アルコールエステルを含まない)及び本発明の治療製剤B(カルボン酸のC8~C24アルコールエステルを含む)として説明する。
(1)オーバーヘッドミキサーを備えた好適な大きさの第一ガラス容器にエチルアルコールを添加する。
(2)ペンチレングリコール、グリセリン、クエン酸及び乳酸を容器に添加し、混合物を約2分間混合する。
(3)ミノキシジル及びBHTをビーカーに添加し、約10分間又は溶解するまで撹拌する。
(4)水をゆっくり添加し、混合物を約2分間混合する。
(5)ホットプレート及び磁気撹拌子を装備した別の第2ビーカー内で、ステアレス-10及び乳酸酢酸セチルを予混合する。
(6)予混合物を約60℃に加熱し、完全に融解し、かつ均一な油相が形成されるまで磁気撹拌棒で撹拌する。
(7)予混合物を、第1容器内のミノキシジル含有の水相に撹拌しながら添加し、約5分間混合する。
(9)ポリクオタニウム37を第1容器に添加し、第1容器内の混合物を、Silverson L4RTホモジナイザー(Silverson(Birmingham、UK))を使用して7,000rpmで約5分間均質化する。
死亡したヒトの皮膚による、5%ミノキシジル組成物のインビトロでの皮膚浸透性。
HPLCシステム(Waters Alliance(登録商標)HPLCシステム)を使用して、286nmのUV吸収応答を用いてミノキシジルを測定した。Luna 5μM C18(2)250×4.6mm HPLCカラム(Phenomenex)を使用して、表面洗液、剥がしたテープ、皮膚(表皮/真皮)、及び受容器溶液に関して、ミノキシジル被検物質と抽出した試料中の他の不純物とを分離した。移動相は、定組成80%(70:29:1水/メタノール/酢酸-pH3.3):20%メタノールとした。
比較製剤X(カルボン酸のC8~C24アルコールエステルを含まない)及び本発明の製剤Y(カルボン酸のC8~C24アルコールエステルを含む)のための組成物
(1)オーバーヘッドミキサーを備えた好適な大きさのガラス容器にエチルアルコールを添加する。
(2)ペンチレングリコール、グリセリン、クエン酸及び乳酸を工程(1)の容器に添加し、混合物を約2分間混合する。
(3)ミノキシジル及びBHTを容器に添加し、約10分間又は完全に溶解するまで撹拌する。比較製剤に関して、プロセス(5)及び(6)を省略する。
(4)上記混合用容器に水を添加する。次に、ポリクオタニウム-37を混合用容器にゆっくり添加し、完全に溶解するまで混合する。
(5)ホットプレートと磁気攪拌子を備えた別の第2のガラス容器において、乳酸セチルの予混合物を計り取って約45℃に加熱し、完全に溶融するまで磁気攪拌棒で攪拌する。
(6)予混合物を、第1容器内のミノキシジル含有の水相に撹拌しながら添加し、約5分間混合する。
死亡したヒトの皮膚による、5%ミノキシジル組成物のインビトロでの皮膚浸透性。
HPLCシステム(Waters Alliance(登録商標)HPLCシステム)を使用して、286nmのUV吸収応答を用いてミノキシジルを測定した。Luna 5μM C18(2)250×4.6-mm HPLCカラム(Phenomenex)を使用して、表面洗液、剥がしたテープ、表皮、真皮及び受容器溶液に関して、ミノキシジル被検物質と抽出した試料中の他の不純物とを分離した。移動相は、定組成80%(70:29:1水/メタノール/酢酸-pH3.3):20%メタノールとした。
本発明の組成物を組み込んだ組成物は、従来の混合技術を用いて調製することができ、表11に例示される。
比較治療製剤A’’及び本発明の治療製剤B’’(表15)が、従来の混合技術を用いて、以下のように調製される。
(1)オーバーヘッドミキサーを装備した好適な大きさの第1ビーカーにエタノールを添加する。
(2)ペンチレングリコール、グリセリン、クエン酸及び乳酸、ミノキシジル、並びにBHTをビーカーに添加し、混合物を約10分間又は溶解するまで混合する。
(3)水をゆっくり添加し、混合物を約2分間混合する。
(4)ホットプレートと磁気攪拌子を備えた別の第2ビーカー内で、ステアレス-10、ステアレス-2、酢酸トコフェラール、植物油、又は乳酸セチルを予混合して、約60℃に加熱して油相を形成し、磁気攪拌子で攪拌して、溶解又は溶融し、油相が均一になるまで攪拌する。
(5)予混合物を、第1ビーカー内のミノキシジル含有の水相に撹拌しながら添加し、約5分間混合する。
(6)ピルビン酸ナトリウムを、第1ビーカーに添加し、約3分間混合する。
(7)ポリクオタニウム37を第1ビーカーに添加し、第1ビーカー内の混合物を、Silverson L4RTホモジナイザー(Silverson(Birmingham、UK))を使用して7,000rpmで約5分間均質化する。
死亡したヒトの皮膚による、5%ミノキシジル組成物のインビトロでの皮膚浸透性。
HPLCシステム(Waters Alliance(登録商標)HPLCシステム)を使用して、286nmのUV吸収応答を用いてミノキシジルを測定した。Luna 5μM C18(2)250×4.6-mm HPLCカラム(Phenomenex)を使用して、表面洗液、剥がしたテープ、表皮、真皮及び受容器溶液に関して、ミノキシジル被検物質と抽出した試料中の他の不純物とを分離した。移動相は、定組成80%(70:29:1水/メタノール/酢酸-pH3.3):20%メタノールとした。
本発明の組成物を組み込んだ組成物は、従来の混合技術を用いて調製することができ、表14に例示される。
2 BASF(Florham Park、NJ)から供給されるCosmedia Ultra 300
3 Croda(Edison、NJ)から供給される
4 Ashland Inc.(Covington、KY)から供給される
(1)オーバーヘッドミキサーを装備した好適な大きさの第1ビーカーにエタノールを添加する。
(2)ペンチレングリコール、グリセリン、及び乳酸をビーカーに添加し、混合物を約2分間混合する。
(3)ミノキシジル及びBHTをビーカーに添加し、約10分間又は溶解するまで撹拌する。
(4)水をゆっくり添加し、混合物を約2分間混合する。
(5)ホットプレート及び磁気撹拌子を装備した別の第2ビーカー内で、ステアレス-2、乳酸セチル及び酢酸トコフェラールを予混合して、油相を形成する。
(6)予混合物を約60℃に加熱し、溶解するか又は融解し、かつ油相が均一になるまで磁気撹拌棒で撹拌する。
(7)予混合物を、第1ビーカー内のミノキシジル含有の水相に撹拌しながら添加し、約5分間混合する。
(8)ピルビン酸ナトリウムを、第1ビーカーに添加し、約3分間混合する。
(9)ポリクオタニウム37を第1ビーカーに添加し、第1ビーカー内の混合物を、Silverson L4RTホモジナイザー(Silverson(Birmingham、UK))を使用して7,000rpmで約5分間均質化する。
比較治療製剤P及び本発明の治療製剤Q(表15)が、従来の混合技術を用いて、以下のように調製される。
2 BASF(Florham Park、NJ)から供給されるCosmedia Ultra 300
3 Croda(Edison、NJ)から供給される
4 Ashland Inc.(Covington、KY)から供給される
(1)オーバーヘッドミキサーを装備した好適な大きさの第1ビーカーにエタノールを添加する。
(2)ペンチレングリコール、グリセリン、クエン酸(該当する場合)及び乳酸をビーカーに添加し、混合物を約2分間混合する。
(3)ミノキシジル及びBHTをビーカーに添加し、約10分間又は溶解するまで撹拌する。
(4)水をゆっくり添加し、混合物を約2分間混合する。
(5)ホットプレート及び磁気撹拌子を装備した別の第2ビーカー内で、ステアレス-10、ステアレス-2(該当する場合)、乳酸セチル(該当する場合)及び酢酸トコフェラールを予混合して、油相を形成する。
(6)予混合物を約60℃に加熱し、溶解するか又は融解し、かつ油相が均一になるまで磁気撹拌棒で撹拌する。
(7)予混合物を、第1ビーカー内のミノキシジル含有の水相に撹拌しながら添加し、約5分間混合する。
(8)ピルビン酸ナトリウムを、第1ビーカーに添加し、約3分間混合する。
(9)ポリクオタニウム37を第1ビーカーに添加し、第1ビーカー内の混合物を、Silverson L4RTホモジナイザー(Silverson(Birmingham、UK))を使用して7,000rpmで約5分間均質化する。
死亡したヒトの皮膚による、5%ミノキシジル組成物のインビトロでの皮膚浸透性。
HPLCシステム(Waters Alliance(登録商標)HPLCシステム)を使用して、286nmのUV吸収応答を用いてミノキシジルを測定した。Luna 5μM C18(2)250×4.6-mm HPLCカラム(Phenomenex)を使用して、表面洗液、剥がしたテープ、表皮、真皮及び受容器溶液に関して、ミノキシジル被検物質と抽出した試料中の他の不純物とを分離した。移動相は、定組成80%(70:29:1水/メタノール/酢酸-pH3.3):20%メタノールとした。
以下に詳細を記述した本発明の育毛組成物を使用して、マウスの育毛研究を実施をした。
実施例3に記載されるものと同様のマウスモデルにおいて、インビボで育毛研究を行った。5匹の雌マウス(C3Hマウス、Charles River Breeding Laboratories(Kingston、NY))を各被験物質に含めた。
マウスは、研究開始時に、目視検査により決定されるように、ショートヘアクリッパーで背中を無毛まで剃毛した(2×5cm2領域)被験物質を上述の手順のように調製した。被験物質を、マウスの剃毛領域に、1日に投与当たり0.2mLで、毎日適用した。毛髪成長期及び毛髪被覆度の両方を目視検査により観察し、各マウスの毛髪状態を1週間に5日記録した(休止期:毛髪成長周期における休息期-剃毛した皮膚には黒い毛球/毛根が見られない;成長期:成長期毛嚢、すなわち毛髪成長周期で成長状態にある毛嚢-剃毛した皮膚には黒い毛球/毛根が見られる)。成長期(灰色の皮膚、新たな毛髪成長の最初の外観兆候)に入ったマウスの毎日の観察を記録した研究日誌(又は成長期日誌)が記録された。治療は8週間継続した。
本発明の育毛組成物を組み込んだ組成物が、従来の混合技術を用いて調製された。実施例製剤I及びIIを表22に示す。
(1)オーバーヘッドミキサーを備えた好適な大きさの第一ガラス容器にエチルアルコールを添加する。
(2)ペンチレングリコール、グリセリン、クエン酸及び乳酸を容器に添加し、混合物を約2分間混合する。
(3)ミノキシジル及びBHTをビーカーに添加し、約10分間又は溶解するまで撹拌する。
(4)水をゆっくり添加し、混合物を約2分間混合する。
(5)ホットプレート及び磁気撹拌子を装備した別の第2ビーカー内で、ステアレス-10及び乳酸酢酸セチルを予混合する。
(6)予混合物を約60℃に加熱し、完全に融解し、かつ均一な油相が形成されるまで磁気撹拌棒で撹拌する。
(7)予混合物を、第1容器内のミノキシジル含有の水相に撹拌しながら添加し、約5分間混合する。
(9)ポリクオタニウム37を第1容器に添加し、第1容器内の混合物を、Silverson L4RTホモジナイザー(Silverson(Birmingham、UK))を使用して7,000rpmで約5分間均質化する。
死亡したヒトの皮膚による、5%ミノキシジル組成物のインビトロでの皮膚浸透性。
HPLCシステム(Waters Alliance(登録商標)HPLCシステム)を使用して、286nmのUV吸収応答を用いてミノキシジルを測定した。Luna 5μM C18(2)250×4.6mm HPLCカラム(Phenomenex)を使用して、表面洗液、剥がしたテープ、皮膚(表皮/真皮)、及び受容器溶液に関して、ミノキシジル被検物質と抽出した試料中の他の不純物とを分離した。移動相は、定組成80%(70:29:1水/メタノール/酢酸-pH3.3):20%メタノールとした。
本発明の組成物を組み込んだ追加組成物は、従来の混合技術を用いて(又は、実施例1に記述されているように)調製することができ、これらは表24の例j~oに示される。
所定の比で、非イオン性ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(HPMC)と高分子量カルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)とを組み込んだ、本発明の育毛組成物を、従来の混合技術を用いて調製した。これらの組成物は、上記のように(4℃及び40℃で)1週間貯蔵後に安定性を示した。表25に、本発明の治療製剤QQ、RR、及びSSとして詳細を示す。
(1)オーバーヘッドミキサーを備えた好適な大きさの第一ガラス容器にエチルアルコールを添加する。
(2)プロピレングリコール、グリセリン、クエン酸及び乳酸を容器に添加し、混合物を約2分間混合する。
(3)ミノキシジル及びBHTをビーカーに添加し、約10分間又は溶解するまで撹拌する。
(4)水をゆっくり添加し、混合物を約2分間混合する。
(5)ホットプレート及び磁気撹拌子を装備した別の第2ビーカー内で、ステアレス-2、ステアレス-10、及び乳酸酢酸ミリスチルを予混合する。
(6)予混合物を約60℃に加熱し、完全に融解し、かつ均一な油相が形成されるまで磁気撹拌棒で撹拌する。
(7)予混合物を、第1容器内のミノキシジル含有の水相に撹拌しながら添加し、約5分間混合する。
(9)CMC及びHPMCを第1容器に添加し、第1容器内の混合物を、Silverson L4RTホモジナイザー(Silverson(Birmingham、UK))を使用して7,000rpmで約5分間均質化する。
本発明の治療製剤QQ、RR、及びSSと、比較製剤TTとして市販のWalgreenの5%ミノキシジル局所用溶液を使用して、育毛組成物を用いたマウス育毛研究を行った。(Walgreenの5%ミノキシジル局所用溶液のpHは、測定して8.1であった。)
参照により本明細書に組み込まれる、米国特許第6419913(B1)号に記載されるものと同様のマウスモデルにおいて、インビボで育毛研究を行った。5匹の雌マウス(C3Hマウス、Charles River Breeding Laboratories(Kingston、NY))を各被験物質に含めた(すなわち、実施例1及び2の本発明の試験製剤及び比較試験製剤)。
マウスは、研究開始時に、目視検査により決定されるように、ショートヘアクリッパーで背中を無毛まで剃毛した(2×5cm2領域)被験物質を上述のように調製した。被験物質を、マウスの剃毛領域に、1日に投与当たり0.2mLで、毎日適用した。毛髪成長期及び毛髪被覆度の両方を目視検査により観察し、各マウスの毛髪状態を1週間に5日記録した(休止期:毛髪成長周期における休息期-剃毛した皮膚には黒い毛球/毛根が見られない;成長期:成長期毛嚢、すなわち毛髪成長周期で成長状態にある毛嚢-剃毛した皮膚には黒い毛球/毛根が見られる)。成長期(灰色の皮膚、新たな毛髪成長の最初の外観兆候)に入ったマウスの毎日の観察を記録した研究日誌(又は成長期日誌)が記録された。治療は8週間継続した。
製剤例p~vは、本発明の組成物を組み込んだ組成物である。例p~vの組成物は、所定の比で非イオン性ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(HPMC)及び高分子量カルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)を含有し、従来の混合技術を用いて(又は、実施例18に記述されているように)調製することができる。これらが表30に示されており、上述の貯蔵安定性の定義の項で述べたように1週間の貯蔵(4℃及び40℃)の後の安定性評価を示す。
1Aqualon CMC 7HF PH(Ashland(Wilmington,DE,USA))
2Methocel E 10M(Dow Chemical(Miland,MC,USA))
実施例20の製剤例p~vの組成物の安定性を、7週間貯蔵後に再び評価した。実施例20の例p~vの配合を表31に再掲する。この表には、上述の貯蔵安定性の定義の項で述べたように7週間の貯蔵(4℃及び40℃)の後の安定性評価が含まれる。
1Aqualon CMC 7HF PH(Ashland(Wilmington,DE,USA))
2Methocel E 10M(Dow Chemical(Miland,MC,USA))
(1) 明澄な組成物であって、
a.液体小胞であって、
i.式I又はII:
ii.カルボン酸のC8~C24アルコールエステルと、
を含む、液体小胞と、
b.任意に、粘度調整剤と、
c.薬学的に許容される局所用担体であって、
i.約10~約60%の一価アルコールと、
ii.約0~約40%の1つ又は2つ以上の二価アルコールと、
iii.水と、
を含む薬学的に許容される局所用担体と、
を含み、
前記一価アルコール及び二価アルコールの合計濃度は、前記組成物が明澄であるように、前記総組成物の約20重量%~約80重量%であり、かつ、前記液体小胞は、前記薬学的に許容される液体担体内に懸濁されている、明澄な組成物。
(2) 一価アルコールが、エタノール、プロパノール、イソプロパノール、及びこれらの混合物から選択される(又はこれらからなる群から選択される)、実施態様1に記載の組成物。
(3) 二価アルコールが、プロピレングリコール、ブチレングリコール、ペンチレングリコール、及びこれらの混合物から選択される(又はこれらからなる群から選択される)、実施態様1に記載の組成物。
(4) 前記組成物が、約0.1重量%~約15重量%のミノキシジル又は薬学的に許容されるその塩を含む、実施態様1に記載の組成物。
(5) 前記組成物が、約0.5重量%~約10重量%のミノキシジル又は薬学的に許容されるその塩を含む、実施態様3に記載の組成物。
(7) 前記組成物が、約0.1重量%~約15重量%の前記カルボン酸のC8~C24アルコールエステルを含む、実施態様1に記載の組成物。
(8) 前記カルボン酸のC8~C24アルコールエステルが、乳酸エステルである、実施態様7に記載の組成物。
(9) 前記カルボン酸のC8~C24アルコールエステルが、乳酸セチルである、実施態様8に記載の組成物。
(10) 前記カルボン酸のC8~C24アルコールエステルが、乳酸ミリスチルである、実施態様8に記載の組成物。
(12) 前記組成物が、ポリオキシエチレンC4~C26脂肪エーテルを更に含む、実施態様1に記載の組成物。
(13) 前記組成物が、ポリオキシエチレンC10~C18脂肪エーテルを更に含む、実施態様1に記載の組成物。
(14) 前記組成物が、約0.1重量%~約15重量%の前記ポリオキシエチレンC4~C26脂肪エーテルを含む、実施態様12に記載の組成物。
(15) 前記粘度調整剤が、ポリマー性第四級アンモニウム塩、ポロキサマー、セルロース若しくはセルロース誘導体、天然若しくは合成のゴム、又はこれらの混合物から選択される、実施態様1に記載の組成物。
(17) 前記組成物が、Brookfield RVにより、スピンドル4、速度6RPMで測定すると、約100cps~約10000cpsの粘度を有する、実施態様16に記載の組成物。
(18) 前記組成物が、本明細書に記載される方法に従って、TA Instruments ARES G2 Rheometerを使用して測定すると、約0.01Pa.s~約5Pa.sの降伏応力値を有する、実施態様16に記載の組成物。
(19) 前記組成物が、10以上のずり減粘指数を有する、実施態様16に記載の組成物。
(20) 前記液体小胞が、非リン脂質の液体小胞である、実施態様1に記載の組成物。
(22) 1つ若しくは2つ以上の可溶化酸又はこれらの混合物を更に含む、実施態様1に記載の組成物。
Claims (20)
- 育毛又は発毛組成物であって、
a.液体小胞であって、
i.ミノキシジル又はその薬学的に許容可能な塩と、
ii.合計で、前記育毛又は発毛組成物全体の約1.5重量%~約3重量%の、1種又は2種以上のC12~C15乳酸アルキル又は乳酸セチルと、
を含む、液体小胞と、
b.薬学的に許容される局所用担体であって、
i.21~約60重量%のエタノールと、
ii.10重量%以上かつ約40重量%以下のプロピレングリコールと、
iii.プロピレングリコールとは異なる多価アルコールと、
iv.水と、
を含む薬学的に許容される局所用担体と、
を含み、
エタノール及びプロピレングリコールの合計濃度は、前記育毛又は発毛組成物全体の31重量%~約80重量%であり、かつ、前記液体小胞は、前記薬学的に許容される局所用担体内に懸濁されている、育毛又は発毛組成物。 - 前記多価アルコールがグリセリンである、請求項1に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
- 約0.1重量%~約15重量%のミノキシジル又は薬学的に許容されるその塩を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
- 約0.5重量%~約10重量%のミノキシジル又は薬学的に許容されるその塩を含む、請求項2に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
- 前記薬学的に許容される局所用担体が、ミノキシジル又は薬学的に許容されるその塩を含む、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
- 乳酸セチルを含む、請求項1に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
- 乳酸ミリスチルを含む、請求項1に記載の育毛又は発毛の組成物。
- 2種又は3種以上のC12~C15乳酸アルキルを含む、請求項1に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
- ポリオキシエチレンC4~C26脂肪エーテルを更に含む、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
- ポリオキシエチレンC10~C18脂肪エーテルを更に含む、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
- 約0.1重量%~約15重量%の前記ポリオキシエチレンC4~C26脂肪エーテルを含む、請求項9に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
- ポリマー性第四級アンモニウム塩、ポロキサマー、セルロース、天然若しくは合成のゴム、又はこれらの混合物から選択される、粘度調整剤を含む、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
- Brookfield RVにより、スピンドル4、速度6RPMで測定すると、約50cps~約30000cpsの粘度を有する、請求項12に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
- Brookfield RVにより、スピンドル4、速度6RPMで測定すると、約100cps~約10000cpsの粘度を有する、請求項13に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
- TA Instruments ARES G2 Rheometerを使用して測定すると、約0.01Pa.s~約5Pa.sの降伏応力値を有する、請求項13に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
- 10以上のずり減粘指数を有する、請求項13に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
- 前記液体小胞が、非リン脂質の液体小胞である、請求項1~16のいずれか一項に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
- 貯蔵安定性である、請求項1~17のいずれか一項に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
- 1種若しくは2種以上の可溶化酸又はこれらの混合物を更に含む、請求項1~18のいずれか一項に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
- 明澄である、請求項1~19のいずれか一項に記載の育毛又は発毛組成物。
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