JP7436622B2 - 排便を誘導するための組成物および方法 - Google Patents
排便を誘導するための組成物および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7436622B2 JP7436622B2 JP2022503446A JP2022503446A JP7436622B2 JP 7436622 B2 JP7436622 B2 JP 7436622B2 JP 2022503446 A JP2022503446 A JP 2022503446A JP 2022503446 A JP2022503446 A JP 2022503446A JP 7436622 B2 JP7436622 B2 JP 7436622B2
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- defecation
- capsaicin
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/16—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids
- A61K31/165—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids having aromatic rings, e.g. colchicine, atenolol, progabide
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/02—Suppositories; Bougies; Bases therefor; Ovules
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
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- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Description
以下の例は、本開示対象の代表的な実施形態を実施するために当業者にガイダンスを提供するために含まれている。本開示および当分野の一般的技術レベルに照らして、当業者は、以下の例が例示のみを意図すること、ならびに本開示対象の範囲から逸脱することなく多数の変更、修正、および改変を採用できることを理解し得る。
一般的方法:カプサイシン誘導性直腸反応の測定
以下の方法を用いて、未処置のラットおよび慢性脊髄損傷のラットモデルにおいて排便を誘導するカプサイシンの有効性、特異性、作用発現および作用持続時間を決定した。さらに、複数回投与の再現性および直腸内投与によるカプサイシン投与の薬力学(PD)反応を調査した。
直腸内カプサイシン溶液は、麻酔した未処置ラットにおいて、一過性で再現可能な直腸圧反応の増加を引き起こした。
方法:肛門から2~4cmの直腸に挿入されたバルーンカテーテルを介して、直腸圧記録用に装着され麻酔された脊椎無傷の雄雌ラット(N=雄4匹および雌1匹)にカプサイシンを投与した。バルーンカテーテルと並行して直腸に挿入したPE50チューブを介して、0.2%溶液(4.7%または9.5%エタノール/生理食塩水中の2mg/ml溶液0.05~0.32mL)としてカプサイシンを投与した。比較のために、ビヒクルを同じ技術を用いてすべてのラットに投与した。
直腸内カプサイシン溶液は、麻酔した未処置ラットにおいて、直腸圧の上昇および直腸内容物の排出を引き起こした。
方法:肛門から2~4cmの直腸に挿入されたバルーンカテーテルを介して、直腸圧記録用に装着され麻酔された脊椎無傷の雄ラットにカプサイシンを投与した。バルーンカテーテルと並行して直腸に挿入したPE50チューブを介して、エタノール/生理食塩水中で0.2%溶液(0.2%、0.25mL)としてカプサイシンを投与した。ビヒクルを同じ技術を用いてすべてのラットに投与した。図3にカプサイシン溶液の投与を黒塗り矢印で示す。
カプサイシンを含有する綿球の直腸内挿入は、麻酔した脊髄損傷(SCI)ラットにおいて一過性の直腸圧反応の増大をもたらした。
方法:肛門から2~4cmの直腸に挿入されたバルーンカテーテルを介して、直腸圧記録用に装着され麻酔された2匹の急性T9切断SCI雌ラットにカプサイシンを投与した。カプサイシン溶液の接触時間を増やすために、流体に浸漬した綿球を介してカプサイシン(0.2%)を投与した。カプサイシン(50uLの0.2%溶液)に浸漬した小さな綿球を直腸内投与した(図4の黒矢印)。綿球を遠位直腸の肛門管内に配置した。綿球を5~12分後に除去した(図4のアスタリスク)。図4の上下のトレースを別々のラットから記録した。
直腸内カプサイシンは、覚醒脊椎損傷ラットに排便を生じさせた。
方法:ラットの排便を代謝ケージで監視した。慢性脊髄損傷(cSCI)ラットを、投与前に2~4回、取り扱いおよび代謝ケージに慣れさせ、次いで、治療群に無作為に割り付けた。ラットの体重を測定し、ビヒクルまたはカプサイシンの直腸内用量を投与する前に10分間代謝ケージに入れた。覚醒ラットでは直腸内投与中の手動刺激は排便を誘導できるため、肛門括約筋の領域に位置する任意の糞塊の自然排便を刺激するために、小さな綿棒の先端を用量投与前に肛門に挿入した。この操作は、肛門括約筋の随伴する収縮/弛緩を伴う排出に近い1~3個の糞塊の排便をもたらした。この方法が手動刺激をほとんど生じなかったため、肛門括約筋の収縮/弛緩(15~90秒)が止むと、微細カテーテル(22Gソフト/軟性ブラントチップカテーテル)を使用してビヒクルまたはカプサイシンを投与した。カプサイシンを0.2%または2%溶液(希釈エタノール/水中2mg/mlまたは20mg/ml、各用量濃度に対応するビヒクルは、それぞれ1.9%および19%エタノール/水であった)として調製した。用量体積は0.1mLであり、肛門から直腸に約1インチ挿入したカテーテルを介して投与した。糞塊の数および事象のタイミングは、治療を知らされていない訓練された人員によって記録された。糞便の重量を、投与の10分後および30分後に記録した。動物を交差設計で2~3日後に再試験した。
本明細書で言及されるすべての刊行物、特許出願、特許、および他の参考文献は、本開示対象が属する分野の当業者のレベルを示す。すべての刊行物、特許出願、特許および他の参考文献は、あたかも個々の刊行物、特許出願、特許および他の参考文献が参照により組み込まれることが具体的かつ個別に示されているのと同程度に、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
Claims (16)
- 哺乳動物の排便を誘導するための医薬組成物であって、治療有効量のカプサイシンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩を含み、経直腸投与され、前記カプサイシンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩が唯一の活性物質である、医薬組成物。
- 医薬組成物が、必要に応じて投与される、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 医薬組成物の剤形が、坐剤、カプセル剤、錠剤、散剤、クリーム、軟膏、ゲル、フォーム、溶液、乳剤、および懸濁液からなる群から選択される、請求項1または2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 哺乳動物が、ヒト、ネコまたはイヌである、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 投与が、排便を望む時の約0分~約30分前の範囲である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 投与が、排便を望む時の約0分~約10分前の範囲である、請求項5に記載の医薬組成物。
- 治療を必要とする哺乳動物において排便機能障害を治療するための医薬組成物であって、排便を誘導するための活性物質として治療有効量のカプサイシンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩を含み、経直腸投与され、前記カプサイシンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩が、排便を誘導して排便機能障害を治療するための唯一の活性物質である、医薬組成物。
- 医薬組成物が、必要に応じて投与される、請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記排便機能障害が、脊髄損傷、外傷性脳損傷、多発性硬化症、二分脊椎、変性脳疾患、アルツハイマー、パーキンソン、認知症、糖尿病、高齢、特発性便秘または術後状態のうちの1つ以上の結果である、請求項7または8に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記排便機能障害が便失禁の結果である、請求項7または8に記載の医薬組成物。
- 医薬組成物の剤形が坐剤である、請求項7~10のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 哺乳動物が、ヒト、ネコまたはイヌである、請求項7~11のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 投与が、排便を望む時の約0分~約30分前の範囲である、請求項7~12のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 投与が、排便を望む時の約0分~約10分前の範囲である、請求項13に記載の医薬組成物。
- 治療を必要とする哺乳動物において便失禁を治療するための医薬組成物であって、治療有効量のカプサイシンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩を含み、随意排便を誘導することにより便失禁を治療するために経直腸投与され、前記カプサイシンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩が、随意排便を誘導することにより便失禁を治療するための唯一の活性物質である、医薬組成物。
- 医薬組成物が、必要に応じて投与される、請求項15に記載の医薬組成物。
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EP3999090A4 (en) | 2023-01-25 |
US20210015771A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
AU2019457560A1 (en) | 2022-02-17 |
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CA3146846A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
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