JP7416564B2 - フルオロポリマーフィルム - Google Patents
フルオロポリマーフィルム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7416564B2 JP7416564B2 JP2018566246A JP2018566246A JP7416564B2 JP 7416564 B2 JP7416564 B2 JP 7416564B2 JP 2018566246 A JP2018566246 A JP 2018566246A JP 2018566246 A JP2018566246 A JP 2018566246A JP 7416564 B2 JP7416564 B2 JP 7416564B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- fluoropolymer
- polymer
- ring
- lithium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 title claims description 88
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 88
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- -1 halide anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 20
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical class [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical group C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)CC(C)(C)C1 HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical group C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003880 polar aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AVQQQNCBBIEMEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)N(C)C AVQQQNCBBIEMEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PTTPXKJBFFKCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-4-heptanone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(=O)CC(C)C PTTPXKJBFFKCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[S] Chemical compound [Li].[S] JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-imidazole Chemical group C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910013188 LiBOB Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 2
- 229910018091 Li 2 S Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 9
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DKNRELLLVOYIIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide;1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCC[N+]1(C)CCCC1.FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F DKNRELLLVOYIIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011262 electrochemically active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- 229910003473 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000012243 magnesium silicates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BLTXWCKMNMYXEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoro-2-(trifluoromethoxy)ethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)OC(F)(F)F BLTXWCKMNMYXEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoroethene Chemical group FC=C(F)F MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Imidazolium Chemical compound C1=C[NH+]=CN1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 229910007552 Li2Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Pyrrolidinium ion Chemical compound C1CC[NH2+]C1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000006 cesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoroethylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)Cl UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000271 hectorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hectorite Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Mg+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]([O-])(O1)O[Si]1([O-])O2 KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037427 ion transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001540 lithium hexafluoroarsenate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002931 mesocarbon microbead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NCDSCPIPFQVVGG-UHFFFAOYSA-H 2-(4-carboxylatopyridin-2-yl)pyridine-4-carboxylate ruthenium(6+) Chemical compound [Ru+6].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=NC(C=2N=CC=C(C=2)C([O-])=O)=C1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=NC(C=2N=CC=C(C=2)C([O-])=O)=C1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=NC(C=2N=CC=C(C=2)C([O-])=O)=C1 NCDSCPIPFQVVGG-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- XJYCQXRGJXGTAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-boronooxy-2-oxoacetic acid Chemical compound OB(O)OC(=O)C(O)=O XJYCQXRGJXGTAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBEBYGZGCHCLFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[10,15,20-tris(4-carboxyphenyl)-21,23-dihydroporphyrin-5-yl]benzoic acid zinc Chemical compound C(=O)(O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C1=C2C=CC(C(=C3C=CC(=C(C=4C=CC(=C(C5=CC=C1N5)C5=CC=C(C=C5)C(=O)O)N4)C4=CC=C(C=C4)C(=O)O)N3)C3=CC=C(C=C3)C(=O)O)=N2.[Zn] CBEBYGZGCHCLFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017008 AsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004262 Ethyl gallate Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000927 Ge alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015118 LiMO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013108 LiMY2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013100 LiNix Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCMVSLMENOCDCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N#C[Fe](C#N)(C#N)(C#N)(C#N)C#N Chemical class N#C[Fe](C#N)(C#N)(C#N)(C#N)C#N HCMVSLMENOCDCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N Protium Chemical compound [1H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006373 Solef Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000573 alkali metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000941 alkaline earth metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052798 chalcogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001787 chalcogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011530 conductive current collector Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007755 gap coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFKPABFAJKUPTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Ge] YFKPABFAJKUPTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000009685 knife-over-roll coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940094522 laponite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B lithium magnesium sodium silicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Na+].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3 XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L molybdic acid Chemical compound O[Mo](O)(=O)=O VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000275 saponite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910000276 sauconite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006126 semicrystalline polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007764 slot die coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003878 thermal aging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007944 thiolates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WRTMQOHKMFDUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triiodide Chemical compound I[I-]I WRTMQOHKMFDUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L tungstic acid Chemical compound O[W](O)(=O)=O CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/52—Separators
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
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- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F1/1516—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising organic material
- G02F1/15165—Polymers
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- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
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- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/0029—Processes of manufacture
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- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2004—Light-sensitive devices characterised by the electrolyte, e.g. comprising an organic electrolyte
- H01G9/2009—Solid electrolytes
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F214/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F214/18—Monomers containing fluorine
- C08F214/22—Vinylidene fluoride
- C08F214/225—Vinylidene fluoride with non-fluorinated comonomers
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C08J2327/16—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinylidene fluoride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08J5/2231—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
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- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/04—Hybrid capacitors
- H01G11/06—Hybrid capacitors with one of the electrodes allowing ions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium ion capacitors [LIC]
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
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Description
本出願は、2016年6月20日に出願された欧州特許出願公開第16175250.6号に対する優先権を主張するものであり、この出願の全内容は、あらゆる目的のために参照により本出願に組み込まれる。
(i)混合物であって、
- 1.5dl/gより高い固有粘度を有する少なくとも1つのフルオロポリマー[ポリマー(F)]と、
- 少なくとも1つのイオン液体(IL)を含有し、且つ少なくとも1つの電解質塩(ES)と、任意選択的に少なくとも1つの有機溶媒(S)とを含有する少なくとも1つの液体媒体(LM)と
の混合物を提供する工程と、
(ii)工程(i)で得られた液体混合物を処理して、例えば流延によってフィルムを得る工程と、
(iii)工程(ii)で得られたフィルムを100℃超の温度で加熱して透明なフルオロポリマーフィルムを得る工程と
を含む。
- 1.5dl/gより高い固有粘度を有する少なくとも1つのフルオロポリマー[ポリマー(F)]と、
- 少なくとも1つのイオン液体(IL)を含み、且つ少なくとも1つの電解質塩(ES)を含有する少なくとも1つの液体媒体(LM)と
を含むフルオロポリマー複合体を含むフルオロポリマーフィルムに更に関する。
(a)少なくとも60モル%、好ましくは少なくとも75モル%、より好ましくは少なくとも85モル%の、式I:
CH2=CF2 (I)
のフッ化ビニリデン(VDF)と、
(b)任意選択的に、0.1モル%~15モル%、好ましくは0.1モル%~12モル%、より好ましくは0.1モル%~10モル%の、フッ化ビニル(VF1)、クロロトリフルオロエチレン(CTFE)、ヘキサフルオロプロペン(HFP)、テトラフルオロエチレン(TFE)、トリフルオロエチレン(TrFE)、パーフルオロメチルビニルエーテル(PMVE)及びこれらの混合物から選択されるフッ素化モノマーと、
(c)任意選択的に、0.05モル%~10モル%、好ましくは0.1モル%~7.5モル%、より好ましくは0.2モル%~3.0モル%の、以下で定義される式(II):
(式中、R1、R2、R3のそれぞれは、互いに等しいか又は異なり、独立して水素原子又はC1~C3炭化水素基であり、且つROHは、水素、又は少なくとも1つのヒドロキシル基を含むC1~C5炭化水素部分である)
の(メタ)アクリルモノマー(MA)と
を含む。
- ここで、下記の式(III):
(式中、R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立して、1~8の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を表し、且つR3、R4、R5及びR6は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、又は1~30の炭素原子、有利には1~18の炭素原子、より有利には1~8の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を表す)
のピロリジニウム環、
- ここで、下記の式(IV):
(式中、R1及びR2は、それぞれ互いに独立して、1~8の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を表し、且つR3~R7は、それぞれ互いに独立して、水素原子、又は1~30の炭素原子、有利には1~18の炭素原子、更により好ましくは1~8の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を表す)
のピペリジニウム環。
- 式(SO2CF3)2N-のビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミド、
- 式PF6 -のヘキサフルオロホスフェート、
- 式BF4 -のテトラフルオロボレート、及び
- 式:
のオキサロホウ酸。
- 1.5dl/gより高い固有粘度を有する少なくとも1つのフルオロポリマー[ポリマー(F)]と、
- 少なくとも1つのイオン液体(IL)を含み、且つ少なくとも1つの電解質塩(ES)を含有する少なくとも1つの液体媒体(LM)(ここで、(F)、(IL)及び(ES)は、前述で定義された意味を有する)と
を含むフルオロポリマー複合体を含むフルオロポリマーフィルムを提供する。
- 少なくとも1つのアルカリ又はアルカリ土類金属のホストとして機能する粉末、フレーク、繊維又は球体(例えば、メソカーボンマイクロビード)などの形態で典型的に存在する、アルカリ又はアルカリ土類金属を挿入することができる黒鉛状炭素、
- アルカリ又はアルカリ土類金属、
- ケイ素ベースの合金、ゲルマニウムベースの合金などのアルカリ又はアルカリ土類金属合金組成物、
- 有利にはアルカリ又はアルカリ土類金属を誘起歪みなしに挿入するのに適切なアルカリ又はアルカリ土類金属チタネート
が挙げられる。
- リチウムをホストする粉末、フレーク、繊維又は球体(例えば、メソカーボンマイクロビード)などの形態で典型的に存在する、リチウムを挿入することができる黒鉛炭素、
- リチウム金属、
- 特に米国特許第6,203,944号明細書(3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES CO.)(2001年3月20日)及び/又は国際公開第00/03444号パンフレット(MINNESOTA MINING AND MANUFACTURING)(2005年6月10日)に記載されたものを含むリチウム合金組成物、
- 一般的に式Li4Ti5O12によって表されるリチウムチタネート(これらの化合物は、一般的、可動イオン、即ちLi+を取り入れるときに低レベルの物理的膨脹を有する「ゼロ歪み」挿入材料と考えられる)、
- 高いLi/Si比のケイ化リチウムとして一般的に知られるリチウム-ケイ素合金、特に式Li4.4Siのケイ化リチウム、
- 式Li4.4Geの結晶相を含むリチウム-ゲルマニウム合金
からなる群から選択される。
フルオロポリマーA、DMFにおいて25℃で3.0dl/gの固有粘度を有するPVDFホモポリマー。
固体電解質セパレータは、1/2インチのステンレス鋼スウェジロックセルのプロトタイプに置かれる。固体ポリマー電解質セパレータの抵抗を測定し、イオン伝導率(σ)を、以下の式:
σ=d/(Rb.Surf)
(式中、dは、フィルムの厚さであり、Rbは、バルク抵抗であり、且つSurfは、ステンレス鋼電極の面積である)
を使用して得た。
固有粘度[η](dl/g)は、Ubbelhode粘度計において、ポリマー(F)を約0.2g/dlの濃度でジメチルホルムアミドに溶解させることにより得られた溶液の25℃における滴下時間に基づき、以下の式
(式中、cは、g/dlでのポリマー濃度であり、ηrは、相対粘度、即ち試料溶液の滴下時間と溶媒の滴下時間との比であり、ηspは、比粘度、即ちηr-1であり、Γは、実験因子であり、ポリマー(F)において3に相当する)
を用いて決定した。
引張り特性は、ASTM D638標準試験方法(タイプVの試験片、グリップ距離=25.4mm、Lo=21.5mm、1~50mm/分)に従って23℃で引張り試験によって測定した。
フィルムのヘイズは、ASTM E313の標準手順に従って空気中で測定した。
60℃で4時間、シクロヘキサノン/DMSO(80/20重量%)(28.5g)(5重量%)においてポリマー(F)の溶解(1.5g)を行った。電解質塩(ES-1)とイオン液体(IL-1)との混合物により、以下の相対量で電解質溶液(液体媒体)を形成した:Pyr13TFSIに溶解した0.5MのLiTFSI。こうして得られた電解質溶液は、25℃で2.4×10-3S/cmのイオン伝導性を有した。電解質溶液(1g)をポリマー(F)溶液(8.5g)に加え、室温で10分間撹拌した。25体積%(30重量%)のポリマー(F)と75体積%(70重量%)の電解質溶液とを含有する混合物を得た。混合物を室温で流延し50℃で乾燥させた。次いで、得られたフィルムの硬化を行うために所定の時間及び温度で加熱段階を行った。
フルオロポリマーフィルムは、ポリマーAが使用され、硬化工程が150℃で40分間である前述の一般手順に従って作製した。
フルオロポリマーフィルムは、ポリマーBが使用され、硬化工程が150℃で40分間行われる前述の一般手順に従って作製した。
フルオロポリマーフィルムは、ポリマーCが使用され、硬化工程が150℃で40分間行われる前述の一般手順に従って作製した。
フルオロポリマーフィルムは、ポリマーAが使用され、硬化が70℃で48時間行われる前述の一般手順に従って作製した。こうして得られたフルオロポリマーフィルムは、白色で不均一である。このフィルムのヘイズは、40より優れている(表3を参照されたい)。
実施例1のフルオロポリマーフィルムを以下の電池のイオン導電性セパレータとして試験した:LFP/フルオロポリマーフィルム/Li金属。フィルムの厚さは、30ミクロンであった。
電池において使用する前に、膜を一晩、減圧下において55℃で乾燥させた。陽極を一晩、減圧下において130℃で乾燥させた。電極及び膜をアルゴンの環境(酸素又は湿度なし)に置いた。2滴のESを正極に添加した。次いで、膜をコイン電池中の正極とリチウム金属との間に配置し、60℃で試験した。ここで、異なる放電速度でこうして得られたコイン電池の放電容量値を以下の表4に示す。
Claims (12)
- フルオロポリマー複合体を含むフルオロポリマーフィルムを製造するためのプロセスであって、
(i)混合物であって、
- 2dl/gより高い固有粘度を有する少なくとも1つのフルオロポリマー[ポリマー(F)]と、
- 少なくとも1つのイオン液体(IL)を含有し、且つ少なくとも1つの電解質塩(ES)と、任意選択的に少なくとも1つの有機溶媒(S)とを含有する少なくとも1つの液体媒体(LM)と
の混合物を提供する工程と、
(ii)工程(i)で得られた前記液体混合物を処理してフィルムを得る工程と、
(iii)工程(ii)で得られた前記フィルムを120℃から200℃の間の温度で加熱して、硬化された透明なフィルムを得る工程と
を含み、
得られた前記フィルムが、少なくとも200%の破断伸びを有し、且つ少なくとも15MPaの破断応力を有する、プロセス。 - ポリマー(F)は、2.0dl/gより高い、好ましくは2.5dl/gより高い固有粘度を有する、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 工程(iii)は、5分以上にわたって実施される、請求項1又は2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記イオン液体(IL)は、スルホニウムイオン又はイミダゾリウム環、ピリジニウム環、ピロリジニウム環若しくはピペリジニウム環から選択されるカチオンを含むものから選択され、前記環は、任意選択的に、窒素原子上において、特に1~8の炭素原子を有する1つ以上のアルキル基によって置換され、且つ炭素原子上において、特に1~30の炭素原子を有する1つ以上のアルキル基によって置換され、且つハライドアニオン、ペルフルオロアニオン及びボレートから選択されるアニオンを含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記電解質塩(ES)は、LiI、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiClO4、リチウムビス(オキサラト)ボレート(「LiBOB」)、LiCF3SO3、LiN(CF3SO2)2、LiN(C2F5SO2)2、M[N(CF3SO2)(RFSO2)]n(ここで、RFは、C2F5、C4F9、CF3OCF2CF2である)、LiAsF6、LiC(CF3SO2)3、Li2Sn及びこれらの組み合わせから選択される、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記液体媒体(LM)は、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、イソホロン、メチルイソブチルケトン(MIK)、シクロヘキサノン、ジイソブチルケトンを含むケトン、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、テトラメチル尿素を含むアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)を含む、酸素及び/又は窒素ヘテロ原子を含む極性非プロトン性溶媒、リン酸トリメチル、リン酸トリエチルなどの有機リン酸、並びにこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される有機溶媒(S)を含む、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 太陽光照射に対して光学的に透明である、硬化されたフルオロポリマーフィルムであって、
- 2dl/gより高い固有粘度を有する少なくとも1つのフルオロポリマー[ポリマー(F)]と、
- 少なくとも1つのイオン液体(IL)を含み、且つ少なくとも1つの電解質塩(ES)を含有する少なくとも1つの液体媒体(LM)と
を含むフルオロポリマー複合体を含み、
40未満のヘイズ値を有し、
前記フィルムが、少なくとも200%の破断伸びを有し、且つ少なくとも15MPaの破断応力を有する、硬化されたフルオロポリマーフィルム。 - 前記イオン液体(IL)は、スルホニウムイオン又はイミダゾリウム環、ピリジニウム環、ピロリジニウム環若しくはピペリジニウム環から選択されるカチオンを含むものから選択され、前記環は、任意選択的に、窒素原子上において、特に1~8の炭素原子を有する1つ以上のアルキル基によって置換され、且つ炭素原子上において、特に1~30の炭素原子を有する1つ以上のアルキル基によって置換され、且つハライドアニオン、ペルフルオロアニオン及びボレートから選択されるアニオンを含む、請求項7に記載のフィルム。
- 前記電解質塩(ES)は、LiI、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiClO4、リチウムビス(オキサラト)ボレート(「LiBOB」)、LiCF3SO3、LiN(CF3SO2)2、LiN(C2F5SO2)2、M[N(CF3SO2)(R F SO2)]n(ここで、R F は、C2F5、C4F9、CF3OCF2CF2である)、LiAsF6、LiC(CF3SO2)3、Li2Sn及びこれらの組み合わせから選択される、請求項7又は8に記載のフィルム。
- 請求項7~9のいずれか一項に記載のフィルムを含む電気化学的又は光化学的デバイス。
- 色素増感太陽電池、フォトクロミックデバイス又はエレクトロクロミックデバイスの形態である、請求項10に記載の光化学的デバイス。
- リチウムイオン電池、リチウム硫黄電池又はリチウムイオンキャパシタの形態である、請求項10に記載の電気化学的デバイス。
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2017
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- 2017-06-01 CN CN201780038443.1A patent/CN109314276B/zh active Active
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WO2010113971A1 (ja) | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-07 | パイオトレック株式会社 | フッ素系重合体の製法 |
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US20190233599A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
JP2022115942A (ja) | 2022-08-09 |
CN109314276B (zh) | 2022-10-04 |
KR20190019954A (ko) | 2019-02-27 |
CN109314276A (zh) | 2019-02-05 |
US11530306B2 (en) | 2022-12-20 |
EP3472887A1 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
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WO2017220312A1 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
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