JP7404418B2 - T細胞応答を促進するための方法 - Google Patents
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Description
a)それらの表面上でCLEC-1を発現する複数の細胞を提供する工程、
b)候補化合物と前記細胞をインキュベートする工程、
c)前記候補化合物がCLEC-1の生物学的活性を遮断、抑制、又は低減する化合物と結合するかどうか、特に前記候補化合物がT細胞応答を促進するかどうか決定する工程、
及びd)CLEC-1の生物学的活性を遮断、抑制、又は低減する化合物と結合し特にT細胞応答を促進する候補化合物を選択する工程
からなる工程を含む方法によって確認することができる。
ビシン、エソルビシン、イダンルビシン、マルセロマイシン、マイトマイシン、マイコフェノール酸、ノガラルニシン、オリボマイシン、ペプロマイシン、ポトフィロマイシン、ピューロマイシン、クエラマイシン、ロドルビシン、ストレプトムグリン、ストレプトゾシン、ツベルシジン、ウベニメクス、ジノスタチン、ゾルビシン、メトトレキサート及び5-フルオロウラシル(5-FU)等の代謝拮抗薬、デノプテリン、メトトレキサート、プテロプテリン、トリメトレキサート等の葉酸アナログ、フルダラビン、6-メルカプトプリン、チアミプリン、チオグアニン等のプリンアナログ、アンシタビン、アザシチジン、6-アザウリジン、カルモファー、シタラビン、ジデオキシウリジン、ドキシフルウリジン、エノシタビン、フロックスウリジン、5-FU等のピリミジンアナログ、カルステロン、ドロモスタノロンプロピオネート、エピチオスタノール、メピチオスタン、テストラクトン等のアンドロゲン、アミノグルテチミド、マイトタン、トリロスタン等の抗アドレナリン作動薬、フロリン酸等の葉酸補充薬、アセグラトン、アルドホスファミドグリコシド、アミノレブリン酸、アムサクリン、ベストラブシル、ビサントレン、エダトラキサート、デフォファミン、デメコルシン、ディアジクオン、エルフォルニチン、酢酸エリプチニウム、エポチロン、エトグルシド、硝酸ガリウム、ヒドロキシウレア、レンチナン、ロニダミン、メイタンシン及びアンサミトシン等のメイタンシノイド、ミトグアゾン、ミトキサントロン、モピダモール、ニトラクリン、ペントスタチン、フェナメット、ピラルビシン、ポドフィリン酸、2-エチルヒドラジド、プロカルバジン、PSK(登録商標)、ラゾキサン、リゾキシン、シゾフィラン、スピロゲンナニウム、テヌアゾン酸、トリアジクオン、2,2',2''-トリクロロトリエチルアラニン、トリコテセン(特にT-2トキシン、ベルラクリンA、ロリジンA及びアングイジン)、ウレタン、ビンデシン、ダカルバジン、マンノムスチン、ミトブロムトール、ミトラクトール、ピポブロマン、ガサイトシン、アラビノシド(「Ara-C」)、シクロホスファミド、チオテパ、タクソイド、例えばパクリタキセル(TAXOL(登録商標)、Bristol-Myers Squibb Oncology、Princeton、N.].)及びドセタキセル(
TAXOTERE(登録商標)、Rhone-Poulenc Rorer、Antony、フランス)、クロラムブシル、ゲムシタビン、6-チオグアニン、メルカプトプリン、メトトレキサート、シスプラチン及びカルボプラチン等のプラチナアナログ、ビンブラスチン、プラチナ、エトポシド(VP-16)、イフォスファミド、マイトマイシンC、ミトキサントロン、ビンクリスチン、ビノレルビン、ナベルビン、ノバントロン、テニポシド、ダウノマイシン、アミノプテリン、キセローダ、イバンドロネート、CPT-11、トポイソメラーゼ阻害剤RFS2000、ジフロロメチルオルニチン(DMFO)、レチノイン酸、カペシタビン、並びに前述のいずれかの薬学的に許容される塩、酸又は誘導体がある。更に、この定義中に含まれるのは、腫瘍に対するホルモン作用を制御又は阻害するために作用する抗ホルモン剤、例えばタモキシフェン、ラロキシフェン、アロマターゼ阻害4(5)-イミダゾール、4-ヒドロキシタモキシフェン、トリオキシフェン、ケオキシフェン、LY117018、オナプリストン、及びトレミフェン(Fareston)を含めた抗エストロゲン剤、及びフルタミド、ニルタミド、ビカルタミド、ロイプロリド、及びゴセレリン等の抗アンドロゲン剤等、並びに前述のいずれかの薬学的に許容される塩、酸又は誘導体である。
a)それらの表面上でCLEC-1を発現する複数の細胞を提供する工程、
b)候補化合物と前記細胞をインキュベートする工程、
c)前記候補化合物がCLEC-1の生物学的活性を遮断、抑制、又は低減する化合物と結合するかどうか、及び前記候補化合物がT細胞応答を促進するかどうか決定する工程、
及びd)CLEC-1の生物学的活性を遮断、抑制、又は低減する化合物と結合し、T細胞応答を促進する候補化合物を選択する工程
からなる工程を含む、CLEC-1アンタゴニストをスクリーニングする方法に関する。
動物
ラットは「Centre d'ElevageJanvier」(Genest社、Saint-Isle、フランス)から購入し、Pays de la Loireの動物実験倫理委員会(the Committee on the Ethics of Animal Experiments)によって承認されフランス政府のフランス研究高等教育評価機構(Ministry of Higher Education and Research)によって認可されたプロトコールに厳密に従い実験手順を実施した。Clec-1ノックアウト(KO)は、同系交配RT1a Lewisバックグラウンドでジンクフィンガーヌクレアーゼ(ZFN)技術を用いてthe Transgenic Rats and Immunophenomics Platform facility(SFR-Sante-Nantes社)によって作製された。32kDaの予想サイズでのCLEC-1タンパク質の不在を、ウエスタンブロットにより確認した。
抗ヒトCLEC-1モノクローナル抗体(mAb)は、リンパ球体細胞ハイブリダイゼーション(Biotem社、Apprieu、フランス)によって、hCLEC-1の細胞外ドメインをコードするペプチドを用いたBalb/cマウスの免疫処置によって作製し、ELISAによる組換えヒトCLEC-1タンパク質(RD system社)でのスクリーニングによって選択し、次いでプロテインAでのクロマトグラフィーにより精製した。抗ヒトCLEC1モノクローナル抗体(IgG-D6)はSanta Cruz Biotechnologies社(Dallas、CA)からのものであった。精製抗ラットβ-アクチン、CD3(G4.18);抗ラットTCRαβ-A647又は-A488(R73)、CD4-PECy7(OX35)、CD8-A488(Ox8)、IL-17-APC(ebio17B7)、Foxp3-APC、IFNγ-FITC、CD11b-PerCP-Cy5.5(WT.5)、CD103(αEインテグリン)-FITC及び抗ヒトホスホチロシン(p-Tyr)(4G10)、CD4-PE、CD3-APC、CD45-PercP、CD3-FITC、CD19-PE、CD16-PE、CD14-FITCHLA-DR-APC/Cy7、HLA-DR-FITC、CD11c-PECy7、CD11b-FITC CD80-FITC、CD86-FITC、CD83-FITC及びIgG1アイソタイプ対照はBD Biosciences社(Franklin Lakes)からのものであった。
ラットclec-1に特異的なin vitro転写mRNAコードZFN標的化配列(Sigma-Aldrich社、St Louis、MO)を、以前に記載されたように受精卵単細胞段階の胚にマイクロインジェクションした。新生児の突然変異はPCRによって検出した。発起人ら(founders)の一人は、7塩基対の欠失が、大部分の細胞外ドメインを欠くCLEC-1の114アミノ酸で未成熟終止コドンをもたらすことを示した。ヘテロ接合体を交配させてKO及び野生型(WT)同腹子を生成した。
CLEC-1の細胞外ドメイン(ADK94891アミノ酸74~261)をコードするcDNAをPCRによって増幅し、5'末端と3'末端をそれぞれECORIBglII制限部位でタグ化した。消化後、cDNA産物をクローニングし、3アミノ酸が突然変異したIgG2aFc断片を含有するpFUSE-mIgG2Ael-Fc2v10[Fab](Invivogen社、サンディエゴ、CA)ベクターにインフレームで挿入してFcγRI結合を妨げた。製造者の説明書(ThermoFisher社)に従いリポフェクタミンを用いて、真核生物細胞においてプラスミドをトランスフェクトした。CLEC-1FcはHiTrapgアフィニティーカラム(GE Healthcare Bio-sciences社、Pittsburgh、PA)で上清から精製し、Slide-A-Lyzer透析カセット(ThermoFisher社)を使用して透析し、BCAタンパク質アッセイ試薬キット(Pierce社)を使用して定量化した。純度とタンパク質構造は、SDS-PAGE、次にクーマシー染色、及び補足的な材料及び方法のウエスタンブロットの段落中に記載したような、抗マウスIgG又は抗ラットCLEC-1抗体を用いたウエスタンブロット分析によって確認した。対照である組換え分泌切断型のヒト胎児アルカリホスファターゼ(hSEAPFc)を作製し(pFUSE-SEAP-hFc、Invivogen社)、CLEC-1Fcと同じ条件下で精製した。
100μl完全フロイントアジュバント(CFA)(Difco社)中に乳化した(v:v)キーホールリンペットヘモシアニン(KLH)タンパク質(Sigma社)(100μg)を用いてフットパッドでラットを皮下免疫処置し、免疫処置後10日で膝窩リンパ節を採取した。カルボキシフルオレセインスクシンイミジルエステル(CFSE)(Molecular Probes社/Invitrogen社)標識した非投薬野生型ラット由来の(5μM)全細胞(1×105)又は精製CD4+T細胞(1×105)及びT細胞枯渇脾細胞(1×105)に、KLH又は無関係なタンパク質OVA(25μg/ml)を用いたin vitro二次刺激を3日間施した。
染色前に、製造者の説明書によって記載されたように細胞をFcブロック(BD Biosciences社)に施した。細胞内サイトカイン染色用に、タンパク質輸送阻害剤GolgiStop(2μl/ウエル)の存在下でPMA及びイオノマイシン(それぞれ50ng/ml及び1μg/ml)を用いて細胞を4時間刺激し、固定及び浸透処理を施した(Facs浸透剤溶液)(全ての試薬はBD Biosciences社から)。染色細胞(2.5μg/ml)の蛍光標識はFACSLSRII(BD Biosciences社)を使用して測定し、FlowJo(登録商標)ソフトウエア(Tree Star、Inc社、Ashland)を用いて分析した。
- ヒト単球由来樹状細胞(moDC)を、IL-4(40ng/ml;AbCys社、パリ、フランス)及びGM-CSF(1000IU/ml;AbCys社)を補充した、完全RPMI1640培地(10%エンドトキシンフリーFSC(Perbio Sciences社)、2mMのL-グルタミン(Sigma社)、1mMのピルビン酸ナトリウム(Sigma社)、1mMのHepes(Sigma社)、及び5×10-5Mの2-メルカプトエタノール(Sigma社))中で7日間培養した洗浄単球から作製した。次いで、LPS(0.5μg/ml)(Sigma社)、ポリI:C(2μg/ml)(Invivogen社、サンディエゴ、CA)、R848(2.5μg/ml)(Invivogen社)、組換えヒトTGFβ1(20ng/ml)(R and D systems社)を用いて、或いは事前にプレートにコーティングした10μg/mlの抗CLEC-1モノクローナル抗体又はIgG1アイソタイプ対照の存在下で24時間細胞を刺激し(1×106個ml)、フローサイトメトリーに施し、又は5日間(MLR)5×104個の同種異系ヒトT細胞(Pan T細胞単離キット(Mylteni社))と培養した(12.5×103個)。組換えCLEC-1-Hisタグ(R and D systems社)又は無関係な組換えブタα1,3GT-6-Hisタンパク質をMLRにおいて10μg/mlで加えた。増殖はCD3+CD4+細胞におけるCFSEプロファイルによりフローサイトメトリーにより測定し、ELISAにより上清中のIL-17及びIFN-γサイトカインを評価した。
組織、腫瘍又は細胞由来の全てのRNAを、製造者の説明書に従いTrizol(Invitrogen社)を使用して調製した。プールしたヒト臓器由来のcDNAは、カフカス人男性又は女性由来のHuman Immune System and MTC PanelI(Clontech Mountain View社)からのcDNAであった。
ヒト単球由来樹状細胞を、抗CLEC-1又は対照IgG1アイソタイプ(Invitrogen社)モノクローナル抗体コーティングプレート(10μg/ml)上、ザイモザン(20μg/ml)有り又は無しの培地中に5又は20分間平板培養した。ヒト単球由来樹状細胞、HAEC、HUVEC及びHEKは、プロテアーゼ阻害剤カクテルを含むNonidet P-40 1%溶解バッファー(Sigma Aldrich社)中で溶解した。CLEC-1の免疫沈降法は、4μgの抗ヒトCLEC1モノクローナル抗体(D6)、次にプロテインG-Sepharoseビーズとのインキュベーションで実施した。次いでタンパク質をPNGase F(Sigma Aldrich社)で一晩処理し、溶出し、Laemmli試料バッファー中での5分間の煮沸によって溶かした。タンパク質濃度は、BCアッセイキット及び標準としてBSA(Interchim社、San Pedro)を使用して決定した。ニトロセルロース膜はTween-20-Tris緩衝生理食塩水及び5%ミルクでブロッキング処理し、0.5μg/mlの抗ホスホチロシン(4G10)又は2μg/mlの抗CLEC1モノクローナル抗体、次にホースラディッシュペルオキシダーゼ結合二次抗体(Jackson immunoresearch社、West Grove、PA.)とインキュベートした。Proteome ProfilerヒトNF-kB経路アレイキットを製造者の説明書(R and D Systems社)により記載されたように実施した。化学発光による検出はWest Pico化学発光基質(Thermofisher scientific社、Waltham、MA)を使用して実施し、タンパク質発現はLas4000(Fuji社)によって評価した。
(カバーガラス上で一晩培養した)好中球、単球由来樹状細胞、接着性トランスフェクトHEK293T細胞及びHUVEC細胞を4%パラホルムアルデヒド(Electron Microscopy Science社、Hatfield、PA、USA)中に固定し、単球由来樹状細胞以外TritonX100(0.1%)で浸透処理した。室温において1時間、単球由来樹状細胞用PBS1%FCS、1%BSA及びFcBlock中で、抗CLEC1モノクローナル抗体(D6)又はIgG1アイソタイプ対照(Invitrogen社)(4μg/ml)で、次いで二次Alexa Fluor488又はAlexa Fluor568抗マウスIgG1抗体で1時間細胞を染色した。1%DAPI含有PBS中での10分間のインキュベーション後、Prolong Antifade Reagent(Invitrogen社)を使用してスライドを取り付け、蛍光顕微鏡(NikonA1RSi共焦点顕微鏡)によって観察した。連続的にイメージを得て(X60Plan ApoN.A:1.4、ズーム2)、ImageJプログラムを使用することによって解析した。
b6野生型又はClecla欠損マウスの肝臓門脈内にhepa1.6肝臓癌腫瘍細胞を注射した。C6グリオーム細胞(100万個)をsprague dawley(spd)野生型又はClecla欠損ラットの脇腹に皮下注射した。
全ての統計解析は、Graphpad Prismソフトウエア(La Jolla社)及び両側非対ノンパラメトリックスチュ-デントt検定(マン-ホイットニー)を使用して実施した。p値が0.05未満であった場合に結果は有意であると考えた。
ヒトミエロイド系樹状細胞は細胞表面でCLEC-1を発現する。
ヒトにおけるCLEC-1発現に関して、これまで限られた情報のみが公開されている。ヒトCLEC-1タンパク質の発現、制御及び機能に関しては、これまでほとんど記載されていない。小胞体タンパク質と似た染色パターンがある内皮細胞の細胞内でのみヒトCLEC-1を検出可能であること、及びTGF-βも炎症刺激も細胞表面への有意な転位を促進できないことを開示した、CLEC-1の発現に関する唯一の刊行物が存在する(The human C-type lectin-like receptor CLEC-1 is upregulated by TGF-β and primarily localized in the endoplasmic membrane compartment.Sattlerら、ScandJImmunol.2012年Mar;75(3):282~92頁)。したがって、hCLEC-1に関する現況技術において利用可能な唯一の情報(即ち、内皮細胞中の細胞内局在化)は、当技術分野で知られていた情報(即ち、内皮細胞及びミエロイド系細胞の表面上に局在するrCLEC-1)とは正反対である。
CLEC-1天然リガンドは依然として確認されていないので、本発明者らは抗ヒトCLEC-1モノクローナル抗体を使用して、ヒト単球由来樹状細胞の細胞表面におけるリガンド及び交差結合CLEC-1を模倣した。低ストリンジェント条件でのCLEC-1免疫沈降後、本発明者らは、ウエスタンブロットによって、CLEC-1誘発後に予想サイズのCLEC-1(32kDa)でチロシンリン酸化を観察せず、細胞質尾部中のチロシンモチーフは直接リン酸化されないことを示唆した(データ示さず)。それにもかかわらず本発明者らは、40~50kDaサイズ近辺での数本のバンドのリン酸化の増強又は低下を伴うチロシンリン酸化パターンの幾つかの変化を観察し、CLEC-1が依然未確認の結合パートナーを介してシグナル伝達する機能的受容体であることを強く示唆した。
CLEC-1の機能を洞察するため、本発明者らはCLEC-1欠損ラットを作製した。CLEC-1欠損ラットは生命力があり、健康であり、予想メンデル頻度でヘテロ接合体交配から生まれた。定常状態で、CLEC-1欠損ラットは、血中及び末梢リンパ系器官中で正常なミエロイド系及びリンパ系免疫細胞区画を示した(データ示さず)。
次いで本発明者らは、外来抗原キーホールリンペットヘモシアニン(KLH)及び完全フロイントアジュバントの皮下注射による免疫処置後の、in vivo樹状細胞媒介Th分化におけるCLEC-1の考えられる機能を調査した。最初に本発明者らは、リンパ節中の異なる亜型のcDCCD103+CD11b+におけるCLEC-1転写産物発現を評価した。興味深いことに本発明者らは、CLEC-1の発現は死細胞のファゴサイトーシスに特化したマウス中のCD8α+樹状細胞に相当するCD4-樹状細胞に限られること、及び細胞毒性活性を示すことを観察した(図5A)。
この試験において本発明者らは、自身が知る限り初めて、ヒトCLEC-1は、後続のエフェクターTh17応答を抑制する機能的樹状細胞表面制御受容体であることを実証した。更にCLEC-1欠損ラットによって、過剰な樹状細胞媒介CD4+T細胞プライミングを予防する際のin vivoでのCLEC-1の役割が明らかになった。ラット中と同様に、本発明者らは、ヒト単球由来樹状細胞中でのCLEC-1発現は炎症刺激によって低下し、TGFβによって上方制御されることを観察した。炎症刺激後に低下を伴う樹状細胞におけるこの発現プロファイルは、in vivoでT細胞応答及び炎症を抑制することも示されている、MICL又はDCIR等の他の阻害性受容体に関して観察された古典的応答を表す(Uto Tら、Clec4A4 is a regulatory receptor for dendritic cells that impairs inflammation and T-cell immunity.Nat Commun.2016年;7:11273)(Redelinghuys Pら、MICL controls inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis.Ann Rheum Dis.2015年)。興味深いことに本発明者らは、ラットでは、リンパ系器官内のcDCのCD4+亜集団によってCLEC-1が発現されることを発見した。樹状細胞のこの亜集団は、細胞毒性活性及び死細胞のファゴサイトーシスに関与し、IL-12の主要産生体であり腫瘍抗原の交差提示に関与することが記載されている、マウスのCD8α+樹状細胞相当物に相当する。この発現パターンは、CD8α-cDCに限定されることが示されている阻害性受容体DCIR-2とは対照的である。それにもかかわらず、ヒト血中では、BDCA3+樹状細胞、ヒトのCD8α+樹状細胞相当物ではなく、CD16-CD14-ミエロイド系樹状細胞の亜集団における細胞表面でCLEC-1が発現されることを観察した。ヒトとげっ歯類の間のこの不一致は更なる調査が必要である。本発明者らは、CLEC-1シグナル伝達の妨害によって特にin vitroでの樹状細胞媒介Th17活性化は高まるが、Th1応答とTh17応答の両方がin vivo免疫処置後に増強することを観察した。これはCLEC-1が、PRRの同時係合によりTh1及びTh17応答を異なる形式で抑制し得ることを示唆する。逆に、樹状細胞における活性化受容体として作用するDECTIN-1は、分極化サイトカインIL-12及びIL-23の分泌を微調整することにより、リガンドとPRRの同時係合によりTh17/Th1バランスを異なる形式で促進する(Gringhuis SIら、Dectin-1 directs T helper cell differentiation by controlling noncanonical NF-kappaB activation through Raf-1 and Syk.Nat Immunol.2009年;10(2)203~213頁)(LeibundGut-Landmann Sら、Syk-and CARD9-dependent coupling of innate immunity to the induction of T helper cells that produce interleukin17.Nat Immunol.2007年;8(6)630~638頁)(Lee EJら、Mincle Activation and the Syk/Card9 Signaling Axis Are Central to the Development of Autoimmune Disease of the Eye.J Immunol.2016年;196(7):3148~3158頁)。例えば、アスペルギルス・フミガタス(Aspergillus Fumigatus)の刺激に応答し、マウス中でDECTIN-1は、IFN-γとIL12p40の発現を低減させそれによりTh1分極を低減することによって、特にTh17分化を増強することが示された。興味深いことに本発明者らは、樹状細胞におけるCLEC-1シグナル伝達がTh17分極化サイトカインのPRR誘導型発現を抑制することは観察せず、ノックアウトラットBMDCにおけるIL-12p40産生に対する影響のみを示した。これらの結果は、樹状細胞中でCLEC-1は、分極化サイトカインの発現以外のメカニズムによって、Th17/Th1バランスを整えることができることを示唆する。例えばDECTIN-1シグナル伝達は、樹状細胞における同時刺激分子Ox40リガンドの発現を調節することによっても、T細胞分極化の運命に影響を与えることが示されている(Joo Hら、Opposing Roles of Dectin-1 Expressed on Human Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and Myeloid Dendritic Cells in Th2 Polarization.J Jmmunol.2015年;195(4):1723~1731頁)。興味深いことに本発明者らは、ヒト樹状細胞におけるCLEC-1誘発が、DECTIN-1シグナル伝達によって誘導されるIkBαの劣化を妨げることを観察した。したがってCLEC-1は、活性化CLRにより媒介されTh17応答を特異的に持続することが知られるCard9シグナル伝達経路も妨げる可能性がある。
(hepa1.6腫瘍細胞を肝臓門脈内に注射した)マウス肝臓癌モデルにおいて、本発明者らは腫瘍中のCLEC-1の増大した持続的発現を観察した(図7a)。重要なことに、このモデルでは、(親切にもDerrick J.Rossi、Harvard Stem Cell Institute社、Cambridgeにより寄贈された)CLEC-1に欠損があるマウスは腫瘍増殖に対して優れた耐性があり高い生存率を示した(ノックアウトマウスで平均生存日数28日及び野生型マウスで21日)(図7b)。同様に、皮下注射(sc.)ラットグリオームモデル(C6)において、本発明者らは、(本発明者らの研究室中でZFN技術により作製した)5匹のCLEC-1欠損ラットの3匹において腫瘍の完全な退行を観察した(図7c)。重要なことに、Q-PCRにより、腫瘍細胞接種後第18日に採取した腫瘍において、inos、tnfa及びifngの高いmRNA発現をCLEC-1欠損ラット由来の腫瘍中で評価した(図7d)。更に、ifngの高いmRNA発現をリンパ節中で検出した(図7d)。これらのデータはCLEC-1欠損ラットにおけるより良い抗腫瘍応答を実証し、CLEC1の不在によってより抗腫瘍的なM1マクロファージ及びより細胞毒性的且つTh1的T細胞が誘導されたことを示唆する。
興味深いことに本発明者らは、ラットとマウスの両方において、二次リンパ器官由来cDCによるCLEC-1の発現は、抗原(ラットではCD4+、マウスではCD8+)の交差提示に特化した樹状細胞の特定サブセットに限られることを観察した(図5A)。これらの細胞は高レベルのIL-12を分泌し、抗腫瘍細胞毒性CD8+Tリンパ球(CTL)応答の活性化を担うことが示された。したがって、樹状細胞の特定サブセットにおける阻害受容体として作用することにより、CLEC-1誘発はIL-12産生、有効な交差提示及び腫瘍抗原に対するCTL応答を妨げる可能性がある。
本発明者らは、M1型抗腫瘍マクロファージと比較して、又はM0マクロファージと比較して、ヒトM2型腫瘍随伴マクロファージにおいて転写産物レベル(a)とタンパク質レベル(b)の両方で高度なCLEC-1発現を観察した(図8)。更に本発明者らは、対照アイソタイプと比較して、胸膜中皮腫由来のヒトミエロイド系CD45+HLADR+CD16+細胞上(c)、及び卵巣腫瘍腹水由来のCD14+ミエロイド系細胞上(d)で、CLEC-1細胞表面タンパク質の発現を観察した(図8)。これらのデータは、CLEC-1の発現は腫瘍微小環境中ミエロイド系細胞上で増強し、腫瘍免疫回避において重要な役割を果たし得ることを実証する。
本出願を通じて、様々な参照文献が、本発明が属する技術分野の現況を記載する。これらの参照文献の開示は、参照により本開示に組み込まれている。
Claims (12)
- がんに罹患しているヒト対象を治療するための非経口投与用医薬組成物であって、がんの治療について治療有効量のヒトCLEC-1のアンタゴニストを含み、
前記アンタゴニストが、
-抗体又はその抗原結合性断片;
-ヒトCLEC-1の機能的同等物であって、且つヒトCLEC-1の細胞外ドメイン又はヒトCLEC-1の細胞外ドメインと90%以上の同一率を有する配列を含む、ポリペプチド、ペプチド、オリゴペプチド、又はタンパク質;及び
-ヒトCLEC-1のアプタマー
からなる群より選択される、医薬組成物。 - ヒト対象が、胆管がん、膀胱がん、骨がん、脳及び中枢神経系がん、乳がん、キャッスルマン病、子宮頸がん、結腸直腸がん、子宮内膜がん、食道がん、胆嚢がん、胃腸カルチノイド腫瘍、ホジキン病、非ホジキンリンパ腫、カポジ肉腫、腎臓がん、咽頭及び下咽頭がん、肝臓がん、肺がん、中皮腫、形質細胞腫、鼻腔及び副鼻腔がん、鼻咽頭がん、神経芽腫、口腔及び口腔咽頭がん、卵巣がん、膵臓がん、陰茎がん、下垂体がん、前立腺がん、網膜芽腫、横紋筋肉腫、唾液腺がん、皮膚がん、胃がん、精巣がん、胸腺がん、甲状腺がん、膣がん、外陰がん、子宮がん、肝細胞がん、癌腫、グリオーマ、白血病、リンパ腫、及び肉腫からなる群から選択されるがんに罹患している、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- ヒトCLEC-1のアンタゴニストがキメラ抗体、ヒト化抗体、及び完全ヒトモノクローナル抗体からなる群から選択される、請求項1又は2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 抗体又はその抗原結合性断片がヒトCLEC-1の細胞外ドメインに特異的に結合する、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- ヒトCLEC-1の機能的同等物が免疫グロブリン定常ドメインと融合している、請求項1又は2に記載の医薬組成物。
- T細胞応答を促進することによりがんを治療する、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 従来型がん治療と併用してヒトCLEC-1のアンタゴニストが使用される、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 化学療法剤、標的化がん療法、免疫療法剤、又は放射線療法からなる群より選択される作用物質と併用してヒトCLEC-1のアンタゴニストが使用される、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 作用物質が、細胞毒性剤、抗血管新生剤、抗がん剤免疫原剤、細胞周期調節/アポトーシス制御剤、抗がん剤抗体、及びホルモン制御剤からなる群より選択される、請求項8に記載の医薬組成物。
- ヒトCLEC-1のアンタゴニストが、作用物質と同時に、別個に、又は逐次に投与される、請求項8又は9に記載の医薬組成物。
- がんに罹患しているヒト対象においてT細胞増殖及び/又はサイトカイン合成を増加させるための医薬組成物の製造における、ヒトCLEC-1のアンタゴニストの使用であって、前記アンタゴニストが、
-抗体又はその抗原結合性断片;
-ヒトCLEC-1の機能的同等物であって、且つヒトCLEC-1の細胞外ドメイン又はヒトCLEC-1の細胞外ドメインと90%以上の同一率を有する配列を含む、ポリペプチド、ペプチド、オリゴペプチド、又はタンパク質;及び
-ヒトCLEC-1のアプタマー
からなる群より選択される、使用。 - がんに罹患しているヒト対象を治療するための医薬組成物の製造における、ヒトCLEC-1のアンタゴニストの使用であって、前記アンタゴニストが、
-抗体又はその抗原結合性断片;
-ヒトCLEC-1の機能的同等物であって、且つヒトCLEC-1の細胞外ドメイン又はヒトCLEC-1の細胞外ドメインと90%以上の同一率を有する配列を含む、ポリペプチド、ペプチド、オリゴペプチド、又はタンパク質;及び
-ヒトCLEC-1のアプタマー
からなる群より選択される、使用。
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