JP7396777B2 - 磁気分離 - Google Patents
磁気分離 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7396777B2 JP7396777B2 JP2021516596A JP2021516596A JP7396777B2 JP 7396777 B2 JP7396777 B2 JP 7396777B2 JP 2021516596 A JP2021516596 A JP 2021516596A JP 2021516596 A JP2021516596 A JP 2021516596A JP 7396777 B2 JP7396777 B2 JP 7396777B2
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Description
矛盾が生じる場合、定義を含む本明細書が主導をとるものとする。別段の規定がない限り、本明細書で使用される全ての技術用語および科学用語は、本明細書の主題が属する分野の当業者によって普遍的に理解される意味と同じ意味を有する。本明細書において使用される場合、以下の定義は、本発明の理解を促進するために与えられる。
CD3/CD28活性化ダイナビーズ(登録商標)(Invitrogen社)を使用して活性化および拡張されたT細胞(Lonza社のPBMCから誘導された)を、磁気分離システム(704および801)を使用して処理した。目的はビーズからのT細胞の分離である。31mlのビーズ-細胞(1.6x106細胞/ml)の流体懸濁液(T細胞培地、94% X-Vivo 15、5% HS、1% P/S、10ng/ml IL-2)を、異なる流量(5、10、および20ml/分)で分離チューブ701を通して流した。磁気分離アセンブリ(704および801)は「オン」の位置に設定された。細胞(磁気結合していない)が当該流体懸濁液から除去された可能性は低いため、分離チューブから収集された流体を「細胞分画」と名付けた。磁石アセンブリ(704および801)を手で「オフ」の位置に回転させる(802および803を使用しない)ことによって、常磁性物質801は、分離チューブ701と磁石アレイ704との間にある。分離チューブ701内の3回の洗い流しサイクル(それぞれ4mlに対し、40ml/分での空気および流体のリンスを交互に行うことから構成される)を実施して、チューブ701の壁に付着したダイナビーズ(登録商標)およびすべての細胞を洗い流し、収集した。すべての磁気的に引き寄せられた細胞およびビーズからなるため、これを「磁気分画」と名付けた。
ストレプトアビジンナノビーズ(BioLegend(登録商標)社)を、カセット1101の外側で継代Jurkatsに結合させ、磁気分離アセンブリ(704および801)を使用して陽性選択した。細胞(107細胞/ml)は最初に、細胞上のFc受容体に結合する遮断剤(5μl/107細胞、Human TruStain FcX(商標)、Biolegend(登録商標)社)を添加して、室温で細胞および剤を一緒に10分間インキュベートすることにより、非特異的結合に対して遮断された。ビオチン結合一次抗体カクテル(10μl/107細胞、ヒトCD14+単球単離、Biolegend(登録商標)社)は、対象細胞に結合するものであり、これを添加して、混合液を15分間、2~8℃でインキュベートした。ストレプトアビジン被覆ナノビーズ(10μl/107細胞)を同様に細胞懸濁液に更に15分間、2~8℃で添加した。ナノビーズ上のストレプトアビジンは、対象細胞の抗体上のビオチンに結合し、それに伴い細胞を磁気的に結合させる。磁気結合細胞の純粋な集団を確保するために、結合細胞を5分間、EasySep(商標)(STEMCELL Technologies(登録商標)社)磁石により5分間、予めソーティングし、その後、非結合細胞で満たされた上清を捨てた。
Jurkatsを磁気的に結合させ、実施例2に記載されるように予め選択した。実施例2と同様に、Jurkats(2x106細胞/ml、3ml)を単離緩衝液中で分離チューブ701を5ml/分の流量で通過させながら、磁気分離アセンブリ(704および801)をオンにした。磁石アレイ704に捕捉されなかった細胞は、単離緩衝液中、第一通過の陰性分画として収集された(収集体積は12ml)。再度、細胞を5ml/分の捕捉流量で分離チューブ701に流し、まだ捕捉されなかった細胞を、第二通過の陰性分画として収集した(再び12mlとして収集された)。第二通過の後、分離アセンブリ(704および801)を「オフ」の位置に回転させ、分離チューブ701で捕捉された細胞に、3回の洗い流しサイクル(実施例1に記載)を行い、陽性分画を得た。上記の全ての工程は、単離緩衝液を用いて実施された。
Jurkatsを磁気的に結合させ、実施例2に記載されるように予め選択した。結合細胞が磁界に曝される期間を効率的に増加させるために、分離チューブ701に流された後、Jurkats(1.5x106、3ml)を様々な期間(1~5分)、静止状態に維持しながら磁気アセンブリ(704および801)を「オン」の位置に回転させた。チューブ701を12ml、5ml/分で穏やかにリンスし、流出液を陰性分画として収集した。待ち時間の後、分離アセンブリ(704および801)を「オフ」の位置に回転させ、3回の洗い流しサイクル(実施例1に記載)を行って、陽性分画を収集した。上記の工程はすべて、単離緩衝液を使用して実施された。
溶かしたヒト末梢血単核球(PBMC)をダイナビーズ(登録商標)に結合させ、陽性選択により不均一な細胞集団からCD3+細胞を選択した(ThermoFisher Scientific社より)。PBMC(107細胞/ml)は、最初にCD3抗体(5μl/107細胞、FlowComp(商標)ヒトCD3抗体、Invitrogen社)と2~8℃で10分間、インキュベートされた。次いでPBMCを、室温で傾斜させて揺り動かしながら15分間、FlowComp(商標)ダイナビーズ(15μl/107細胞、Invitrogen社)に結合させた。ビーズ結合細胞(5-10x106細胞/ml、1.5ml)を、様々なプロセスパラメーター(図18に記載される、流量、待ち時間、通過回数)を使用して、磁石アレイ704を通る分離チューブ701に流した。磁石に捕捉されなかった全ての細胞(CD3陰性細胞)は、廃液に送られ、特徴解析はなされなかった。磁石アレイ704を「オフ」の位置に回転させ、チューブ701に3回の洗い流しサイクルを行い、「陽性分画」を得た。この分画はビーズ結合したCD3+細胞からなる。上記の全ての工程は、2mM EDTAが補充された単離緩衝液中で実施された。
様々な大きさ(1/8インチおよび1インチの長さ)の永久磁石(702および703)を使用して、磁石アレイ704を組み立てた。磁界の規模は、ガウスメーター(AlphaLab Inc.)を使用して、磁石からの様々な特定距離で測定した(図19A)。規模測定から、磁界勾配の推定が計算された(図19B)。最も強い勾配を生じさせるためには、磁石の長さを短くすることが望ましいことが判明した。しかし勾配が強くなると、長い磁石を用いるよりも急速に低下するため、磁石の有効範囲も減少してしまう。このことから、磁石アレイ704において様々な磁石サイズを使用して、例えば弱結合標的の短距離分離や、強結合標的の長距離分離などの様々な分離目的を実現することの可能性が示される。
弱結合標的/小ビーズの捕捉の容易さを変える、または改善する方法の1つは、実施例6に記載されるように、磁石アレイ704と分離チューブ701との間の距離を減少させ、チューブ701内で受ける平均磁界の規模および勾配を増加させることである。これを行うために、3/32インチの厚さのスペーサー1201を分離チューブ701とカセット1101との間に置いた。実施例2に記載されるようにBioLegend(登録商標)ナノビーズに結合したJurkat細胞(2.5~5x106細胞/ml、1.5ml)を、5ml/分の流量で分離チューブ701に流し、3分または5分間の待ち時間とさせた。その後、非捕捉細胞は、5ml/分で洗い流され(11~13ml)、3回の洗い流しサイクル(実施例1に記載)を実施して、捕捉細胞分画を収集した。スペーサー1201をこのセットアップに加えたことで得られた結果から、スペーサーを使用することで、捕捉失敗に関し、3分の待ち時間から、5分の待ち時間で得られるレベルにまで改善されたことが示された(図20A)。上記の工程はすべて、単離緩衝液を使用して実施された。
本明細書に記載されるように、例示的実施形態において、生物学的サンプル内の標的を磁気分離する方法は、複数回(すなわち、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10回など)の磁気分離サイクルを通じたサンプルの再循環を適切に利用している。そうした再循環によって、所望の標的の収率は劇的に増加する。
標的生物学的集団を単離および捕捉する陽性選択方法を利用する実施形態において、本明細書では、生物学的サンプルから標的生物学的集団を、自動化細胞培養システムにおいて収集する方法を提供するものであり、当該方法は、標的生物学的集団を磁気粒子に結合させること、当該生物学的サンプルを、当該自動化細胞培養システムの1つ以上の流体経路を通して循環させること、当該磁気粒子に結合した標的生物学的集団を、磁界勾配に曝露させること、循環工程と曝露工程とを1回以上反復すること、および当該磁気粒子に結合した標的生物学的集団を収集すること、を含む。追加の実施形態では、当該方法はさらに、結合磁気粒子から標的生物学的集団を取り出すことを含み得る。
標的生物学的集団に対して陰性選択方法を利用する実施形態において、本明細書では、生物学的サンプルから標的生物学的集団を、自動化細胞培養システムにおいて収集する方法を提供するものであり、当該方法は、非標的生物学的集団を磁気粒子に結合させること、当該生物学的サンプルを、当該自動化細胞培養システムの1つ以上の流体経路を通して循環させること、当該磁気粒子に結合した非標的生物学的集団を、磁界勾配に曝露させること、循環工程から曝露工程を1回以上反復すること、および標的生物学的集団を収集すること、を含む。当該方法はさらに、廃棄物として適切に除去するために、非標的生物学的集団を収集することもさらに含み得る。
複数回の磁気分離を含む、陰性選択方法および陽性選択方法、ならびに磁気粒子の回収のデータ
図22A~22Dは、標的細胞(精製細胞)と廃棄細胞(非標的集団)の両方への磁気粒子の結合を示す。図示されるように、試薬量の最適化を利用する「改善プロセス」は、磁気粒子と廃棄細胞(陰性選択の非標的集団)との間の高い結合と、低い「偽陰性」を示している。
Claims (12)
- 生物学的サンプルから標的生物学的集団を、自動化細胞培養システムにおいて収集する方法であって、
a.前記標的生物学的集団を、磁気粒子に結合させること;
b.前記生物学的サンプルを、前記自動化細胞培養システムの1つ以上の流体経路を通して循環させること;
c.前記磁気粒子に結合された前記標的生物学的集団を磁界勾配に曝露すること;
d.工程b~cを1回以上反復すること;
e.磁界シールド/バリアを、前記磁気粒子に結合された前記標的生物学的集団と磁界勾配との間に挿入して、前記磁気粒子に結合された前記標的生物学的集団を放出させること;および
f.前記磁気粒子に結合された前記標的生物学的集団を収集すること、を含む方法。 - 生物学的サンプルから標的生物学的集団を磁気分離および収集するためのシステムであって、
a.磁界源;
b.前記磁界源と位置合わせされた、前記生物学的サンプルを流すための分離チューブ;
c.前記磁界源と前記分離チューブとの間に配置されるよう構成された磁界シールド/バリア;および
d.前記磁界源と前記分離チューブとの間に前記磁界シールド/バリアを挿入するための装置、を備えるシステム。 - 前記システムは、自動化細胞培養システムの一部である、請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 前記磁界シールド/バリアは、高い透磁性および磁気飽和性を伴う物質である、請求項2または3に記載のシステム。
- 前記高い透磁性および磁気飽和性を伴う物質は、鉄、鉄合金、フェライト鋼、Hiperco-50からなる群から選択される、請求項4に記載のシステム。
- 前記磁界源は、1つ以上の永久磁石を含む、請求項2~5のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記1つ以上の永久磁石は、ネオジム、サマリウム-コバルト、またはアルニコを含む、請求項6に記載のシステム。
- 前記磁界源は、直線アレイで構成された複数の永久磁石を含む、請求項2~6のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記直線アレイ中の前記複数の永久磁石は、前記直線アレイの軸に対して垂直な反対極の方向で配置される、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 挿入のための前記装置は、前記磁界源と前記分離チューブとの間で前記磁界シールド/バリアを回転させるための装置である、請求項2~8のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記回転のための装置は、ソフトウェアにより制御される電気-機械式ドライブアセンブリである、請求項10に記載のシステム。
- 生物学的サンプルから標的生物学的集団を、自動化細胞培養システムにおいて収集する方法であって、
a.前記標的生物学的集団を、磁気粒子に結合させること;
b.前記磁気粒子に結合された前記標的生物学的集団を磁界勾配に曝露して、前記磁気粒子に結合された前記標的生物学的集団を捕捉すること;
c.前記生物学的サンプルの非結合集団を取り出すこと;
d.磁界シールド/バリアを、前記磁気粒子に結合された前記標的生物学的集団と磁界勾配との間に挿入して、前記磁気粒子に結合された前記標的生物学的集団を放出させること;および
e.前記磁気粒子に結合された前記標的生物学的集団を収集すること、を含む方法。
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