JP7339968B2 - ダマスカス模様物品のためのブランク - Google Patents
ダマスカス模様物品のためのブランク Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
- C22C33/0285—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5% with Cr, Co, or Ni having a minimum content higher than 5%
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- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/02—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/18—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for knives, scythes, scissors, or like hand cutting tools
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- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
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- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K11/00—Making cutlery wares; Making garden tools or the like
- B21K11/02—Making cutlery wares; Making garden tools or the like knives
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
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- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
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- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
- B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
- B22F2007/042—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal characterised by the layer forming method
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- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/35—Iron
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- B22F2303/00—Functional details of metal or compound in the powder or product
- B22F2303/01—Main component
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Description
・前記少なくとも2つのステンレス鋼の2つ以上の鋼が、0.10~5.0重量%の窒素を含む、
・前記少なくとも2つのステンレス鋼の内の少なくとも1つの鋼が、0.01~0.09重量%又は0.10~0.30重量%の窒素を含む、
・前記ブランク中における全てのステンレス鋼が強磁性である、
・前記ステンレス鋼が、マルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼、マルテンサイト/オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼、フェライト/オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼及びオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の群の内の1つ以上から選択される、
・前記ブランク中における全てのステンレス鋼が、炭素含有率が0.10重量%超である、
・前記ステンレス鋼の内の少なくとも2つの間の窒素含有率の差が、少なくとも0.05重量%である、
の内の少なくとも1つを満たす。
C :0.1~3.0
N :0.1~2.9
Si:0.1~1.3
Mn:0.1~2.0
Cr:12~20
Mo:0.1~5.5
V :0.1~5.0
W :1以下
Nb:2以下
であって、
0.10~5.0重量%の量の窒素を有する前記ブランクの部分は、1~10体積%の一次VN粒子を含み、前記粒子の少なくとも90%は、大きさが2μm以下である。
C :0.2~0.7
N :0.4~1.9
Si:0.2~1.0
Mn:0.2~1.0
Cr:13~19
Mo:1.3~3.5
V :0.5~2.5
W :0.1以下
Nb:1.0以下
であって、
0.10~5.0重量%の量の窒素を有するブランクの部分は、2~9体積%の一次VN粒子を含み、前記粒子の少なくとも90%は、大きさが1μm以下である。
前記端部の少なくとも一部がマイクロ鋸歯状である、
前記端部の硬度が少なくとも57HRCである、
全ての鋼層が、PRENが20超である、
少なくとも1つの鋼層が、PRENが25超である、
隣接する鋼層間のPRENの差が1超である、
ここで、
PREN=%Cr+3.3%Mo+30%N
であり、%Cr、%Mo及び%Nは、マトリックス中に溶融した各元素の含有率である。前記鋼層の内の1つ以上について、最も低いPRENの値は、21、22、23、24又は25に設定されてもよい。隣接する鋼層間のPRENの差は1超であると考えられ、その場合、耐孔食性の差のために装飾用エッチングを得ることがより容易になる。当該差の最小値は、1.5、2.0、2.5、又は、さらに、3.0に設定されてもよい。
PREN=%Cr+3.3%Mo+30%N
式中、%Cr、%Mo及び%Nは、マトリックス中に溶融した含有率である。前記含有率は、オーステナイト化温度(TA)におけるマトリックス中に溶融した算出平衡含有率であると考えることができる。溶融した含有率は、実際のオーステナイト化温度(TA)について、Thermo-Calc(登録商標)によって算出することもできる。PREN値が高いほど、腐食に対する耐性は高くなる。したがって、板上水や他の環境において塩化物イオンを含有する場合は、算出されたPREN値は、非常に重要であり、好ましくは少なくとも25であるべきである。ブランクの1つ以上の層についての下限は、21、22、23、24、25 26、27、28、29又は30に設定されてもよい。好ましくは、完成製品(例えば、ナイフ)の全ての層は、PREN値が少なくとも25であるべきである。
ECD=2√A/π
であり、式中、Aは、測定断面での粒子の面積である。
ダマスカス模様鋼を作製するためのステンレス鋼ブランクを2つのマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼粉末から製造した。
C :0.2、 1.7
N :1.9、 0.03
Si:0.3、 0.8
Mn:0.3、 0.3
Cr:20 、 18
Mo:2.5、 1.0
V :2.85、 3.0
Fe:残部 、 残部
ダマスカス模様鋼を作製するためのステンレス鋼ブランクを、1つの粉末(鋼A)と、9体積%の粗M7C3炭化物を含む耐食性がより低い鋼(鋼C)の板とを利用して2つのマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼から製造した。
C :0.2、 1.1
N :1.9、 0.03
Si:0.3、 0.7
Mn:0.3、 0.6
Cr:20 、 17
Mo:2.5、 0.5
V :2.85、 0.05
Fe:残部 、 残部
高硬度及び端部保持性を有する耐食性ナイフを作製するために使用され得る鋼ブランクを得るための2つのマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼粉末から、ダマスカス模様鋼を作製するためのステンレス鋼ブランクを製造した。
C :0.54、 0.62
N :0.2 、 0.11
Si:0.45、 0.2
Mn:0.4 、 0.6
Cr:17.3、 14
Mo:1.1 、 -
V :0.1 、 -
Fe:残部 、 残部
高硬度及び端部保持性を有する耐食性ナイフを作製するために使用され得る鋼ブランクを得るための2つのマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼粉末から、ダマスカス模様鋼を作製するためのステンレス鋼ブランクを製造した。
C :0.36、 1.06
N :1.54、 0.046
Si:0.32、 0.41
Mn:0.33、 0.31
Cr:18.3、 14.3
Mo:1.1 、 3.9
V :3.5 、 0.21
Fe:残部 、 残部
非常に高い硬度及び端部保持性を有する端部を有する切断鋼コアを有する耐食性ナイフを作製するために使用され得る鋼ブランクを得るための3つのマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼粉末から、ダマスカス模様鋼を作製するためのステンレス鋼ブランクを製造した。具体的には、3つの厚さが等しい層を有するように前記ブランクを製造した。コアを高窒素合金鋼Fで作製し、コアの各側面上に、鋼G及び鋼Hの18の交互層を提供した。
C :0.36、 1.06 、 0.61
N :1.54、 0.046、 042
Si:0.32、 0.41 、 0.44
Mn:0.33、 0.31 、 0.34
Cr:18.3、 14.3 、 13.3
Mo:1.1 、 3.9 、 0.15
V :3.5 、 0.21 、 0.10
Fe:残部 、 残部 、 残部
Claims (10)
- ダマスカス模様物品を作製するためのステンレス鋼ブランクであって、前記鋼ブランクが、クロムを11~25重量%含む少なくとも2つの異なる窒素合金ステンレス鋼を有し、前記ステンレス鋼の内の少なくとも1つが0.10~5.0重量%の窒素を含み、且つ前記ステンレス鋼の内の別のステンレス鋼の少なくとも1つが0.01~0.5重量%の窒素を含み、さらに前記ステンレス鋼の内の少なくとも1つが粉末から作製され、前記ステンレス鋼の全てが0.10重量%超の炭素を含む、ステンレス鋼ブランク。
- 前記ステンレス鋼ブランクが、
(1)前記少なくとも2つのステンレス鋼の2つ以上の鋼が、0.10~5.0重量%の窒素を含むこと、
(2)前記少なくとも2つのステンレス鋼の内の少なくとも1つのステンレス鋼が、0.01~0.09重量%又は0.10~0.30重量%の窒素を含むこと、
(3)前記ステンレス鋼が、マルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼、マルテンサイト/オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼、フェライト/オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼及びオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の群の内の1つ以上から選択されること、
(4)前記ブランク中における全てのステンレス鋼が強磁性であること、
の内の少なくとも1つを満たす、請求項1に記載のステンレス鋼ブランク。 - 前記ステンレス鋼の内の少なくとも2つの窒素含有率の差が、少なくとも0.05重量%である、請求項1又は2に記載のステンレス鋼ブランク。
- 前記ブランクのうち、0.10~5.0重量%の窒素を含む部分が、0.5~15体積%の一次VN粒子を含み、前記粒子の少なくとも80%が大きさが3μm以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のステンレス鋼ブランク。
- 前記少なくとも2つのステンレス鋼が、
C :0.1~3.0重量%、
N :0.1~2.9重量%、
Si:0.1~1.3重量%、
Mn:0.1~2.0重量%、
Cr:12~20重量%、
Mo:0.1~5.5重量%、
V :0.1~5.0重量%、
W :1重量%以下
Nb:2重量%以下
であって、
前記ブランクのうち0.10~5.0重量%の窒素を含む部分が、1~10体積%の一次VN粒子を含み、前記粒子の少なくとも90%が大きさが2μm以下であることの内少なくとも1つを満たす、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のステンレス鋼ブランク。 - 前記少なくとも2つのステンレス鋼の1つ、2つ又は3つ以上が、
C :0.2~0.7重量%、
N :0.4~1.9重量%、
Si:0.2~1.0重量%、
Mn:0.2~1.0重量%、
Cr:13~19重量%、
Mo:1.3~3.5重量%、
V :0.5~2.5重量%、
W :0.1重量%以下
Nb:1.0重量%以下
であって、
前記ブランクのうち0.10~5.0重量%の窒素を含む部分が、2~9体積%の一次VN粒子を含み、前記粒子の少なくとも90%が大きさが1μm以下であることの内少なくとも1つを満たす、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のステンレス鋼ブランク。 - 前記ブランクが、前記ブランクの全厚の10~50%の厚さを有する鋼コアを有し、前記ブランクが、前記コアの側面上に5~100のステンレス鋼層を有し、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のステンレス鋼ブランク。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のステンレス鋼ブランクから作製されるダマスカス模様ステンレス鋼ナイフであって、前記ステンレス鋼ナイフが、
(1)端部の少なくとも一部がマイクロ鋸歯状であること、
(2)前記端部が、硬度が少なくとも57HRCであること、
(3)全ての鋼の層が、PRENが20超であること、
(4)少なくとも1つの鋼の層が、PRENが25超であること、
(5)隣接する鋼の層間のPRENの差が1超であること、
の内の少なくとも1つを満たす、ダマスカス模様ステンレス鋼ナイフ。
但し、PREN=%Cr+3.3%Mo+30%N
であり、%Cr、%Mo及び%Nは、マトリックス中に含まれる含有率である。 - 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の少なくとも2つの異なる窒素合金ステンレス鋼を含むステンレス鋼ブランクの製造方法であって、
平行又は非平行の細長い層になるように配置された、クロムを11~25重量%含む少なくとも2つのステンレス鋼を有するカプセルを準備するステップと、
ブランクを形成するために、前記カプセルを熱間静水圧加圧し、鍛造及び熱間圧延を行って中間寸法とし、所望により、機械加工によって細長く変形させるステップを有し、
前記ステンレス鋼の内の少なくとも1つが0.10~5.0重量%の窒素を含み、
前記ステンレス鋼の内の少なくとも1つが粉末の形態である、ステンレス鋼ブランクの製造方法。 - 用いられる少なくとも2つの前記ステンレス鋼が粉末である、請求項9に記載のステンレス鋼ブランクの製造方法。
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