JP7339561B2 - 光検出器 - Google Patents
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- JP7339561B2 JP7339561B2 JP2021541880A JP2021541880A JP7339561B2 JP 7339561 B2 JP7339561 B2 JP 7339561B2 JP 2021541880 A JP2021541880 A JP 2021541880A JP 2021541880 A JP2021541880 A JP 2021541880A JP 7339561 B2 JP7339561 B2 JP 7339561B2
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 143
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 49
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 48
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910008310 Si—Ge Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002291 germanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011165 process development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/08—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
- H01L31/10—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
- H01L31/101—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
- H01L31/102—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier
- H01L31/107—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier the potential barrier working in avalanche mode, e.g. avalanche photodiodes
- H01L31/1075—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier the potential barrier working in avalanche mode, e.g. avalanche photodiodes in which the active layers, e.g. absorption or multiplication layers, form an heterostructure, e.g. SAM structure
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- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0232—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
- H01L31/02327—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device the optical elements being integrated or being directly associated to the device, e.g. back reflectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
- H01L31/028—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/08—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
- H01L31/10—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
- H01L31/101—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
- H01L31/11—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by two potential barriers, e.g. bipolar phototransistors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B2006/12083—Constructional arrangements
- G02B2006/12123—Diode
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B2006/12166—Manufacturing methods
- G02B2006/12195—Tapering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/12004—Combinations of two or more optical elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0352—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions
- H01L31/035272—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
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- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
Description
1)シリコンの増幅層に雪崩増幅が起こる程度の強い電界を印加
2)光吸収層であるゲルマニウムからキャリアを引き抜ける程度の、シリコン増幅層に掛かる電界より比較的弱い電界を印加
3)光吸収層から引き抜かれたキャリアは、シリコン増幅層を通り雪崩増幅される。
Claims (8)
- シリコン(Si)基板と、
前記Si基板上に形成された下部クラッド層と、
前記下部クラッド層上に形成され、信号光を導く導波路層を含むコア層であって、第1の導電型不純物イオンがドーピングされた第1のSiスラブおよび第2の導電型不純物イオンがドーピングされた第2のSiスラブを含むコア層と、
前記コア層上に形成され、光を吸収するゲルマニウム(Ge)層であって、第1の導電型不純物イオンがドーピングされたGe領域を含むGe層と、
前記コア層および前記Ge層上に形成された上部クラッド層と、
前記第1および前記第2のSiスラブおよび前記Ge領域にそれぞれ接続された電極とを備え、
前記第1および前記第2のSiスラブに挟まれた前記コア層の領域が増幅層として動作し、前記第1および前記第2のSiスラブの間の間隙には、前記Ge領域と前記第2のSiスラブの間の間隙にかかる電界よりも大きく、雪崩増幅が起こる電界が印加され、
前記コア層の前記領域は、前記コア層と前記Ge層とが接する領域の一辺を含むように形成されていることを特徴とする光検出器。 - シリコン(Si)基板と、
前記Si基板上に形成された下部クラッド層と、
前記下部クラッド層上に形成され、信号光を導く導波路層を含むコア層であって、第1の導電型不純物イオンがドーピングされた第1のSiスラブおよび第2の導電型不純物イオンがドーピングされた第2のSiスラブを含むコア層と、
前記コア層上に形成され、光を吸収するゲルマニウム(Ge)層であって、第1の導電型不純物イオンがドーピングされたGe領域を含むGe層と、
前記コア層および前記Ge層上に形成された上部クラッド層と、
前記第1および前記第2のSiスラブおよび前記Ge領域にそれぞれ接続された電極とを備え、
前記第1および前記第2のSiスラブに挟まれた前記コア層の領域が増幅層として動作し、前記第1および前記第2のSiスラブの間の間隙には、前記Ge領域と前記第2のSiスラブの間の間隙にかかる電界よりも大きく、雪崩増幅が起こる電界が印加され、
前記コア層と前記Ge層とが接する領域の直下に前記第1のSiスラブが形成され、前記コア層の前記領域は、前記コア層と前記Ge層とが接する領域の直下に形成されていないことを特徴とする光検出器。 - シリコン(Si)基板と、
前記Si基板上に形成された下部クラッド層と、
前記下部クラッド層上に形成され、信号光を導く導波路層を含むコア層であって、第1の導電型不純物イオンがドーピングされた第1のSiスラブおよび第2の導電型不純物イオンがドーピングされた第2のSiスラブを含むコア層と、
前記コア層上に形成され、光を吸収するゲルマニウム(Ge)層であって、第1の導電型不純物イオンがドーピングされたGe領域を含むGe層と、
前記コア層および前記Ge層上に形成された上部クラッド層と、
前記第1および前記第2のSiスラブおよび前記Ge領域にそれぞれ接続された電極とを備え、
前記第1および前記第2のSiスラブに挟まれた前記コア層の領域が増幅層として動作し、前記第1および前記第2のSiスラブの間の間隙には、前記Ge領域と前記第2のSiスラブの間の間隙にかかる電界よりも大きく、雪崩増幅が起こる電界が印加され、
前記コア層または前記第1のSiスラブと前記Ge層との間に第1の導電型不純物イオンがドーピングされたGe層がさらに挿入されていることを特徴とする光検出器。 - 前記コア層の前記領域は、前記コア層と前記Ge層とが接する領域の一辺を含むように形成されていることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の光検出器。
- 前記コア層の前記領域は、前記コア層と前記Ge層とが接する領域の直下に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の光検出器。
- 前記コア層と前記Ge層とが接する領域の直下に前記第1のSiスラブが形成され、前記コア層の前記領域は、前記コア層と前記Ge層とが接する領域の直下に形成されていないことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の光検出器。
- 前記第1のSiスラブに接続された電極と前記Ge領域に接続された電極とが短絡されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載の光検出器。
- シリコン(Si)基板と、
前記Si基板上に形成された下部クラッド層と、
前記下部クラッド層上に形成され、信号光を導く導波路層を含むコア層であって、第1の導電型不純物イオンがドーピングされた第1のSiスラブおよび第2の導電型不純物イオンがドーピングされた2つの第2のSiスラブを含むコア層と、
前記コア層上に形成され、光を吸収するゲルマニウム(Ge)層であって、第1の導電型不純物イオンがドーピングされたGe領域を含むGe層と、
前記コア層および前記Ge層上に形成された上部クラッド層と、
前記第2のSiスラブの各々と前記Ge領域とにそれぞれ接続された電極とを備え、
前記第1のSiスラブと前記第2のSiスラブの各々とに挟まれた前記コア層の領域が、前記コア層と前記Ge層とが接する領域の対向する二辺を含むように2つに分かれて形成され、それぞれに等しい電界が印加されて増幅層として動作し、前記第1のSiスラブと前記第2のSiスラブの各々との間の間隙には、前記Ge領域と前記第2のSiスラブの各々との間の間隙にかかる電界よりも大きく、雪崩増幅が起こる電界が印加されることを特徴とする光検出器。
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CN114256374B (zh) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-12-05 | 武汉光谷信息光电子创新中心有限公司 | 雪崩光电探测器及其制备方法 |
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JP2018082089A (ja) | 2016-11-17 | 2018-05-24 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 光検出器 |
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Title |
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