JP7298785B1 - Sewage purification equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a sewage purifier capable of suppressing deterioration of oyster shells. A first contact filtration tank and a second contact filtration tank are provided for purifying sewage, the first contact filtration tank is arranged upstream of the second contact filtration tank, and the first contact filtration tank is made of resin. A filter medium is provided, the filter medium is provided with a plurality of cylindrical hollow tubes, the second contact filter tank is provided with oyster shells, and the first contact filter tank nitrifies the ammonia in the sewage in the tank. Sewage purification equipment.

Description

The present invention relates to sewage purification equipment.

Patent Literature 1 describes a purifier that uses oyster shells to purify wastewater containing sludge components in stages. However, there is a problem that the oyster shell is easily deteriorated. In addition, if the amount of oyster shells used is increased in anticipation of deterioration of the oyster shells, there is a problem that the size of the apparatus will increase.

JP-A-2008-720

An object of the present invention is to provide a sewage purification apparatus capable of suppressing deterioration of oyster shells.

(1) The present invention includes a first contact filtration tank and a second contact filtration tank for purifying sewage, the first contact filtration tank is arranged upstream of the second contact filtration tank, and the The first contact filtration tank comprises a resin filter medium, the filter medium comprises a plurality of cylindrical hollow tubes, the second contact filtration tank comprises oyster shells, and the first contact filtration tank comprises: The present invention relates to a sewage purification apparatus for nitrifying ammonia in sewage in the tank.

(2) The hollow tube has a hexagonal cross-section in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, and the hollow tubes are arranged so that their outer surfaces are adjacent to each other without gaps, (1 ).

(3) The sewage purifier according to (1) or (2), wherein nitrifying bacteria adhere to the inner surface of the hollow tube.

(4) A perforated tube is arranged between the bottom of the first contact filtration tank and the filter medium, the perforated tube has a plurality of holes, and the holes are capable of discharging gas. A sewage purification device according to any one of (1) to (3).

(5) In the first contact filtration tank, when the part facing the bottom is the upper part, the holes of the perforated pipe are filled with the wastewater in the hollow pipe by the gas discharged from the perforated pipe. The sewage purification device according to (4), which generates a flow from to the top.

(6) In the first contact filtration tank, when the part facing the bottom part is the upper part, the holes of the perforated tubes are partially inside the plurality of hollow tubes due to the gas discharged from the perforated tubes. The flow of the sewage in the empty pipe is directed from the bottom to the top, and the flow of the sewage in some other hollow pipes of the plurality of hollow pipes is directed from the top to the bottom. The sewage purification device according to (4) or (5), wherein the direction is directed toward the

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the sewage purification apparatus which can suppress deterioration of an oyster shell can be supplied.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the water utilization system in which the sewage purifier of this invention is used, and the schematic structure of the sewage purifier of this invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the sewage purification apparatus of this invention. It is a sectional view showing a schematic structure of the 1st contact filtration tank of the present invention. It is a top view which shows schematic structure of the 1st contact filtration tank of this invention. 1 is a diagram showing a mesh filter medium of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a honeycomb filter medium of the present invention; FIG.

<<First embodiment>>
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In each drawing, the same reference numerals are given to the same or corresponding parts.

<Water reuse system>
As shown in FIG. 1, the sewage purification device 1 of the present invention constitutes a part of a water reuse system 100. As shown in FIG.
A water reuse system 100 includes a sewage purification device 1 and a water utilization facility 2 . The sewage purification device 1 and the water utilization facility 2 are connected via a pipe 5, thereby forming a closed water system as a whole. That is, in the water reuse system 100, water circulates between the sewage purification device 1 and the water utilization equipment 2, and in principle, the water is not released to the outside. This water circulation is realized by the sewage purification device 1 purifying the sewage discharged from the water utilization facility 2 and the water utilization facility 2 reusing the purified water.
In addition, purified water may be called purified water. Moreover, water may be used in a sense including dirty water and purified water.

<Water use equipment>
The water utilization facility 2 is a facility that uses water and discharges sewage generated by its use. Examples of the water use facility 2 include toilets, factory cleaning facilities, and aquaculture tanks.

<Sewage purification equipment>
The sewage purification device 1 is a device that purifies sewage discharged from the water utilization facility 2 and supplies the purified water to the water utilization facility 2 .
As shown in FIG. 1, purification of sewage by the sewage purification apparatus 1 can be divided into three treatments: primary treatment T1, secondary treatment T2, and tertiary treatment T3.

<Overview of primary treatment>
The main content of the primary treatment T1 is to separate the sewage into solids and liquids.
Further, in the primary treatment T1, along with this separation, decomposition of organic matter by anaerobic microorganisms is performed.
In the primary treatment T1, no aeration is performed in order to efficiently separate solid and liquid wastewater. Therefore, it is preferable to use anaerobic microorganisms rather than aerobic microorganisms to decompose organic matter.

<Overview of secondary treatment>
The main content of the secondary treatment T2 is to purify the liquid part of the sewage separated in the primary treatment using aerobic microorganisms. In the secondary treatment T2, aeration is performed to promote decomposition of organic matter by aerobic microorganisms.

<Outline of tertiary treatment>
The main content of the tertiary treatment T3 is to further purify the sewage purified in the secondary treatment T2. In the tertiary treatment T3, sewage is purified using oyster shells. At that time, aeration is performed to promote the decomposition of organic matter by aerobic microorganisms.
Further, in the tertiary treatment T3, the sewage is disinfected, decolored and deodorized.
In addition, pH adjustment, ammonia nitrification and denitrification are performed through the primary treatment T1 to the tertiary treatment T3.

<Basket configuration of sewage purification equipment>
Based on FIG.1 and FIG.2, the tank structure of the sewage purification apparatus 1 is demonstrated. The arrows in FIG. 1 indicate the flow of water. Also, in FIG. 2, piping and the like between the tanks may be omitted.
The sewage purification apparatus 1 includes, from upstream, a sedimentation separation tank 10, a contact oxidation tank 20, a first sedimentation tank 22, a first contact filtration tank 30, a second contact filtration tank 32, a second sedimentation tank 34, and a storage tank 36. .
The sedimentation tank 10 is responsible for the primary treatment T1. The catalytic oxidation tank 20 and the first sedimentation tank 22 are responsible for the secondary treatment T2. The first contact filtration tank 30, the second contact filtration tank 32, the second sedimentation tank 34 and the storage tank 36 are responsible for the tertiary treatment T3.

Sewage discharged from the water utilization facility 2 flows into the sedimentation separation tank 10 . The sewage that has flowed in is purified through each tank of the sewage purification device 1 . The purified sewage flows from the second sedimentation tank 34 into the storage tank 36 as purified water. The purified water that has flowed in is supplied from the storage tank 36 to the water utilization facility 2 .

The sewage purification apparatus 1 of Embodiment 1 is characterized by the contact oxidation tank 20 and the first contact filtration tank 30 . Specifically, the catalytic oxidation tank 20 is equipped with an electrolytic section 50 and a chlorine concentration measuring section 52 . A honeycomb filter medium 76 is provided in the first contact filtration tank 30 . Hereinafter, each tank will be described in order from upstream.

<Sedimentation separation tank>
In the sedimentation separation tank 10, sewage that has flowed in from the water utilization facility 2 is separated into solid and liquid by sedimentation.
Solid matter and suspended matter contained in the sewage settle and are taken out as sediment 90 . Only liquid enters the catalytic oxidation vessel 20 . In addition, in the sedimentation separation tank 10, decomposition of organic matter by anaerobic microorganisms is also performed.

<Contact oxidation tank>
In the contact oxidation tank 20, the organic substances contained in the liquid separated into solid and liquid in the sedimentation tank 10 are decomposed by aerobic microorganisms.
A contact material made of resin is arranged in the contact oxidation tank 20 . Aerobic microorganisms adhere to the surface of the contact material. In addition, aeration is performed to promote the decomposition of organic matter by aerobic microorganisms.

<Electrolysis part>
In the sewage purification apparatus 1 of Embodiment 1, the contact oxidation tank 20 is provided with the electrolytic part 50 . The catalytic oxidation tank 20 is also called an electrolysis tank. The electrolysis section 50 is a part that electrolyzes sewage in the tank. The electrolysis unit 50 electrolyzes sodium chloride and water contained in the sewage in the catalytic oxidation tank 20 to produce sodium hypochlorite.
The reaction formula for this electrolysis is as follows.
NaCl+ _H2O →NaClO+ _H2

<Sodium hypochlorite>
Sodium hypochlorite generated by electrolysis in the electrolysis section 50 reacts with ammonia contained in the sewage in the catalytic oxidation tank 20 .
The reaction formula between ammonia and sodium hypochlorite is as follows.
_2NH3 +3NaOCl→ _N2 ↑+3NaCl+ _3H2O
This reaction can remove ammonia from the sewage in the tank.
Also, the produced nitrogen gas is released into the atmosphere. Thereby, the ammonia nitrogen contained in the sewage can be removed from the sewage.

<Effect in contact oxidation tank>
Ammonia is a substance that is highly toxic to microorganisms. By removing ammonia from the sewage, the aerobic microorganisms in the catalytic oxidation tank 20 can be protected.
Further, by removing ammonia from the sewage, it is possible to suppress an increase in the pH of the sewage in the catalytic oxidation tank 20 due to ammonia.
In addition, it becomes unnecessary to charge sodium hypochlorite from outside the tank. Alternatively, it is possible to reduce the opportunity of the input. Therefore, the maintenance and management of the sewage purification device 1 can be simplified.
Also, sodium hypochlorite may reduce the activity of microorganisms. Therefore, it is preferred that the sewage does not contain excess sodium hypochlorite. In the sewage purification apparatus 1 of Embodiment 1, sodium hypochlorite is generated by electrolysis. Therefore, it is easier to adjust the amount of sodium hypochlorite contained in the sewage than when sodium hypochlorite is added from outside the tank. Therefore, it becomes easy to suppress the decrease in the activity of microorganisms.
Further, when ammonia is removed by microorganisms, for example, when ammonia is nitrified by nitrifying bacteria, the treatment tank is often large. On the other hand, when removing ammonia using sodium hypochlorite generated by electrolysis, it becomes easy to downsize the treatment tank.

<Effect of whole sewage purification device>
Among the tanks of the sewage purification apparatus 1, the catalytic oxidation tank 20 often has a high concentration of ammonia in the sewage in the tank. Therefore, by arranging the electrolytic part 50 in the catalytic oxidation tank 20, the sewage purification apparatus 1 as a whole can efficiently remove ammonia.
Also, the need for ammonia removal by nitrification can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the pH of the sewage from being excessively lowered due to nitrification. Thereby, the load on the oyster shells provided downstream of the contact oxidation tank 20 can be reduced. This is because the need for neutralization of sewage with oyster shells is reduced.

<Electrolysis part electrode>
The electrolytic section 50 includes a first electrode and a second electrode (not shown). The first electrode and the second electrode are immersed in sewage in the catalytic oxidation tank 20 for electrolysis.
The polarity of the first electrode and the polarity of the second electrode can be reversed. During electrolysis, solids such as calcium may adhere to the electrodes. By periodically inverting the polarity of the first electrode and the polarity of the second electrode, for example, it is possible to suppress the adhesion of solid matter to the electrode or to remove the solid matter adhering to the electrode. Become.

<Chlorine concentration measurement unit>
In the sewage purification apparatus 1 of Embodiment 1, the contact oxidation tank 20 is provided with a chlorine concentration measuring section 52 .
The chlorine concentration measurement part 52 is a part that measures the chlorine concentration of the sewage in the tank. The chlorine concentration measuring unit 52 measures the chlorine concentration of the sewage in the contact oxidation tank 20 .
Sodium hypochlorite can adversely affect the activity of microorganisms such as aerobic, anaerobic and nitrifying bacteria. Therefore, the electrolysis described above is preferably adjusted so as not to be excessive. Specifically, the electrolysis is preferably adjusted so as not to produce an excessive amount of sodium hypochlorite relative to the amount of ammonia contained in the sewage.

<Effect of chlorine concentration measurement part>
Regarding this, the sewage purification device 1 of Embodiment 1 is provided with a chlorine concentration measuring unit 52 . Chlorine concentration is an indicator of the amount of sodium hypochlorite in solution.
In the sewage purification apparatus 1 , the time and intensity of electrolysis by the electrolysis section 50 can be adjusted based on the chlorine concentration measured by the chlorine concentration measurement section 52 . Thereby, excessive generation of sodium hypochlorite can be suppressed.

<Arrangement of Chlorine Concentration Measuring Unit>
The chlorine concentration measuring unit 52 can be provided at a position in the contact oxidation tank 20 where sewage flows from the sedimentation separation tank 10 . As a result, it is possible to quickly determine the necessity of generating sodium hypochlorite by electrolysis and the appropriate amount of sodium hypochlorite for inflowing sewage.
However, the position where the chlorine concentration measurement unit 52 is provided is not particularly limited. For example, the chlorine concentration measuring unit 52 can be provided at a position near the contact material to which the aerobic microorganisms adhere. As a result, it is possible to evaluate the chlorine concentration of sewage in which the decomposition of organic matter by aerobic microorganisms has progressed, and thus the content of sodium hypochlorite. As a result, the electrolysis can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the sewage in the catalytic oxidation tank 20 .
In addition, since the chlorine concentration is measured at a position close to the aerobic microorganisms, it is possible to adjust the electrolysis in consideration of the influence of sodium hypochlorite on the aerobic microorganisms.

<Placement in tanks other than contact oxidation tank>
The electrolysis section 50 can also be provided in a tank other than the contact oxidation tank 20 . Also, two or more electrolysis units 50 can be provided in the sewage purification device 1 .

The chlorine concentration measuring part 52 can also be provided in a tank other than the contact oxidation tank 20 . For example, it can be provided in a sedimentation tank or a contact filtration tank downstream of the contact oxidation tank 20 . As a result, each tank can be kept clean by sodium hypochlorite while suppressing the adverse effect of sodium hypochlorite on microorganisms.
Specifically, while confirming that the amount of sodium hypochlorite is within a range in which adverse effects on microorganisms are not a problem by the measurement of the chlorine concentration measurement unit 52, sodium hypochlorite is used to sterilize each tank, etc. It can be performed.
In addition, sewage can be sterilized with sodium hypochlorite without using the disinfection unit 40 . This will be discussed later.

Further, the control of the electrolysis unit 50 is not limited to feedback control based on the measurement results of the chlorine concentration measurement unit 52 as described above.
For example, when the water utilization facility 2 is a facility such as a toilet that can predict the amount of sewage discharged according to the number of users, the electricity generated by the electrolysis unit 50 is determined according to the number of users. The amount of decomposition can be controlled.

<First sedimentation tank>
In the first sedimentation tank 22, the sewage purified by the aerobic microorganisms in the contact oxidation tank 20 is separated into a supernatant liquid and a sediment.
The separated supernatant liquid flows into the first contact filtration tank 30 .

<First contact filtration tank>
In the first contact filtration tank 30, the supernatant liquid separated in the first sedimentation tank 22 is treated with microorganisms.
In the first contact filtration tank 30, a contact material to which nitrifying bacteria adhere as microorganisms is arranged. In the sewage purifier 1 of Embodiment 1, a honeycomb filter material 76 is provided as this contact material.

<Internal configuration of the first contact filtration tank>
The internal configuration of the first contact filtration tank 30 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the first contact filtration tank 30 includes a first porous tube 70, a sheet filter 72, a plastic filter medium 74, a honeycomb filter medium 76, a grating 78, a second porous tube 80, A block 82 is provided.
These are the first perforated tube 70, the sheet-like filter 72, the plastic filter medium 74, the honeycomb filter medium 76, the grating 78, the second perforated tube 80, and the block 82 from the upper portion 302 to the bottom portion 301 of the first contact filtration tank 30. are arranged in order.
In the following description, the upper portion 302 side may be referred to as the upper side, and the bottom portion 301 side may be referred to as the lower side.

<First perforated pipe>
The first perforated pipe 70 is a pipe that supplies the supernatant separated in the first sedimentation tank 22 into the first contact filtration tank 30 .
The first porous tube 70 has a tubular shape. The first perforated pipe 70 can be made of metal, resin, or the like, for example.
The first perforated tube 70 has a plurality of holes 701 on the peripheral surface of the tube. The holes 701 are arranged to form a plurality of rows along the longitudinal direction of the first perforated pipe 70 . The holes 701 open in the direction of the sheet-like filter 72 , that is, in the direction of the bottom portion 301 of the first contact filtration tank 30 .
The supernatant liquid separated in the first sedimentation tank 22 is discharged to the sheet filter 72 through the holes 701 while flowing in the direction of the arrow in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4 , the first perforated pipe 70 extends from one end to the other end in the length direction of the first contact filtration tank 30 . That is, the first perforated pipe 70 extends substantially horizontally.
Three first perforated tubes 70 are provided in the first contact filtration tank 30 . These three first perforated tubes 70 are arranged at approximately equal intervals in the width direction.
The supernatant liquid from the first sedimentation tank 22 is dispersed and discharged from the plurality of holes 701 of each of the three first perforated tubes 70 . Thereby, the supernatant liquid from the first sedimentation tank 22 is supplied to the entire sheet-like filter 72 .
Note that the sheet-like filter 72 and the plastic filter medium 74 are omitted in FIG. 4 for convenience of explanation.

<Sheet filter>
The sheet filter 72 is a filter that removes suspended solids of a specific size from sewage.
The sheet-like filter 72 of Embodiment 1 removes suspended solids having a diameter of about 10 μm or more and less than about 80 μm.
The sheet-like filter 72 can be made of fibrous resin or the like. Moreover, the sheet-like filter 72 has a mesh size of about 10 μm.
The sheet-like filter 72 is arranged below the first porous tube 70 . Moreover, the sheet-like filter 72 extends over substantially the entire surface of the first contact filtration tank 30 in plan view. As a result, the sheet-like filter 72 covers substantially the entire surface of the plastic filter medium 74 arranged therebelow.
In addition, planar view means seeing the 1st contact filtration tank 30 toward the bottom part 301 from the upper part 302. As shown in FIG.

<Plastic filter media>
The plastic filter medium 74 is a filter medium that spreads the supplied sewage in a predetermined direction.
The plastic filter medium 74 of Embodiment 1 spreads sewage supplied from the sheet filter 72 in a direction parallel to the bottom 301 of the first contact filtration tank 30 .
The plastic filter medium 74 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape integrally formed by stacking a plurality of mesh-like filter mediums 741 of about 6 cm square shown in FIG. The sewage supplied to the plastic filter medium 74 spreads in the planar direction of the mesh filter medium 741 .

Nitrifying bacteria that nitrify ammonia adhere to the surface of the plastic filter medium 74 . Nitrifying bacteria have the property of adhering to solid carriers. Therefore, for example, by immersing the plastic filter medium 74 in a sewage tank in which nitrifying bacteria exist, the nitrifying bacteria can adhere to the surface of the plastic filter medium 74 .

A plurality of plastic filter media 74 are arranged under the sheet-like filter 72 and above the honeycomb filter media 76 . The direction of the plastic filter media 74 laid out is such that the longitudinal direction of the rectangular parallelepiped shape is parallel to the bottom portion 301 of the first contact filtration tank 30 .
Due to the arrangement described above, sewage from the sheet-like filter 72 that contacts the surfaces of the plastic filter media 74 flows toward the honeycomb filter media 76 while being transmitted between the adjacent plastic filter media 74 . That is, the sewage that has passed through the plastic filter media 74 is discharged toward the honeycomb filter media 76 while being dispersed in a direction parallel to the bottom 301 of the first contact filtration tank 30 .
As a result, the plastic filter medium 74 nitrifies the sewage from the sheet-like filter 72 and supplies the sewage to the entire honeycomb filter medium 76 substantially evenly.

<Honeycomb filter medium 76>
The honeycomb filter medium 76 is a filter medium having a plurality of hollow tubes each having a hexagonal cross section.
As shown in FIG. 6 , the honeycomb filter medium 76 of Embodiment 1 has a plurality of hollow tubes 761 .

The hollow tube 761 has a hollow hexagonal prism shape. The distance between opposite vertices of the hexagonal cross-section of hollow tube 761 is indicated by arrow A in FIG. This distance can be, for example, about 13 mm. Further, the hollow tube 761 can be made of resin, for example.
The honeycomb filter medium 76 is formed by integrally forming a plurality of hollow tubes 761 so as to share an outer surface with each other. In other words, in the honeycomb filter medium 76, the hollow tubes 761 are arranged and fixed so that their outer surfaces are in contact with each other without gaps.
The honeycomb filter medium 76 is arranged in the first contact filtration tank 30 so that the openings at both ends of the hollow tubes 761 that constitute it face the upper part 302 and the bottom part 301 of the first contact filtration tank 30, respectively. there is That is, the hollow tube 761 extends substantially vertically.

The honeycomb filter medium 76 has elasticity against forces applied from both ends in the width direction or the length direction shown in FIG. Therefore, the honeycomb filter medium 76 can be fixed to the first contact filtration tank 30 as follows, for example.
First, the honeycomb filter medium 76 is brought into a contracted state by applying a force against the elastic force. Then, the honeycomb filter medium 76 is arranged in the first contact filtration tank 30 in a contracted state. Next, by releasing the force resisting the elastic force, the outer surface of the honeycomb filter medium 76 is pressed against the inner wall of the first contact filtration tank 30 . As a result, the honeycomb filter medium 76 is fixed in a state of being arranged in the middle part of the first contact filtration tank 30 without any gap.
Although the first contact filtration tank 30 is made of resin, it has a higher specific gravity than sewage.

By arranging the honeycomb filter medium 76 in the first contact filtration tank 30 as described above, the honeycomb filter medium 76 is firmly secured so as not to move inside the first contact filtration tank 30 due to the flow of sewage or the like. is fixed in the first contact filtration tank 30.
Incidentally, the fixing of the honeycomb filter medium 76 to the first contact filtration tank 30 can also be performed by methods other than those described above. For example, the honeycomb filter media 76 can be secured to the first contact filtration tank 30 with an adhesive.

<Nitrifying bacteria>
Nitrifying bacteria adhere to the inner surface of the hollow tube 761 . The nitrifying bacteria can be from the plastic filter media 74 .
That is, when sewage is supplied to the hollow tube 761 from the plastic filter medium 74 to which the nitrifying bacteria are adhered, the nitrifying bacteria move to the hollow tube 761 together with the sewage. The nitrifying bacteria adhere to the inner surface of hollow tube 761 . The attached nitrifying bacteria grow on the inner surface of the hollow tube 761 .
As described above, the nitrifying bacteria can be attached to the inner surface of the hollow tube 761 without any special work for attaching the nitrifying bacteria to the inner surface of the hollow tube 761 .

<Nitrification by honeycomb filter media>
Sewage is supplied to the honeycomb filter medium 76 from the plastic filter medium 74 almost evenly throughout the honeycomb filter medium 76 . Therefore, sewage flows from the upper side to the lower side of the honeycomb filter medium 76 through many hollow tubes 761 . Therefore, dirty water comes into contact with the inner surfaces of many hollow tubes 761 . As a result, the ammonia in the sewage is efficiently nitrified. That is, ammonia nitrogen can be efficiently converted into nitrate nitrogen. Thereby, highly toxic and harmful ammonia can be easily removed.
Note that the cross-sectional shape of the hollow tube 761 is not limited to a hexagon, and may be, for example, a quadrangle.

<Second perforated pipe>
The second perforated pipe 80 is a pipe that supplies air to the honeycomb filter medium 76 .
The second perforated pipe 80 has a tubular shape. The second perforated pipe 80 can be made of metal, resin, or the like, for example.
The second perforated pipe 80 has a plurality of holes 801 on its peripheral surface. The holes 801 are arranged to form a plurality of rows along the longitudinal direction of the second perforated pipe 80 . Also, the holes 801 open in the direction of the honeycomb filter material 76 , that is, in the direction of the upper portion 302 of the first contact filtration tank 30 .

The second perforated pipe 80 is arranged on the lower side of the honeycomb filter material 76. As shown in FIG. stretched to the end. That is, the second perforated pipe 80 extends substantially horizontally. Three second perforated tubes 80 are provided in the first contact filtration tank 30 . These three second perforated tubes 80 are arranged at approximately equal intervals in the width direction.

Air is sent into the second perforated pipe 80 from one end thereof by a blower or the like (not shown). This air is discharged from the hole 801 , forms bubbles 802 , and reaches the inside of the hollow tube 761 from the bottom side of the hollow tube 761 .
These air bubbles 802 can suppress the flow of sewage from the upper side to the lower side within the hollow tube 761 . In addition, it is possible to generate a sewage flow from the bottom to the top inside the hollow tube 761 .
Furthermore, in the same hollow tube 761 or in adjacent hollow tubes 761, the flow from the upper side to the lower side and the flow from the lower side to the upper side can be alternately and repeatedly generated. .

As described above, in the sewage purifying apparatus 1 of Embodiment 1, gas is discharged from the holes 801 to generate sewage flow in a part of the hollow pipes 761 in the direction from the bottom 301 to the top 302. , and the other part of the hollow tube 761 can generate a wastewater flow in the opposite direction, from the top 302 to the bottom 301 .
As a result, the contact time and number of contacts between the inner surface of the hollow tube 761 and the sewage can be increased. Thereby, ammonia can be efficiently nitrified.
In addition, it is possible to prevent the inside of the hollow tube 761 from being blocked.

Also, if the above gas is air, the air bubbles 802 can supply oxygen to the inside of the hollow tube 761 . Thereby, the amount of dissolved oxygen in the sewage in the hollow tube 761 can be increased. As a result, the environment of the nitrifying bacteria can be kept aerobic, so ammonia can be efficiently nitrified.

The gas sent into the second perforated pipe 80 is not limited to air, and other gas such as nitrogen may be used.
Also, the supply of gas from the second perforated pipe 80 may be performed continuously or intermittently. Also, the second perforated pipe 80 may supply gas to only some of the hollow pipes 761 among the plurality of hollow pipes 761 .

<Block>
The block 82 is a member that is arranged on the bottom portion 301 of the first contact filtration tank 30 and serves as the base of the grating 78 .
The block 82 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape and is made of a material such as resin or concrete that has a higher specific gravity than sewage.
A total of four blocks 82 are arranged near four corners of the bottom portion 301 of the first contact filtration tank 30 .

<Grating>
The grating 78 is a rigid plate material having a lattice shape.
The grating 78 can be made of a material having a higher specific gravity than sewage, such as resin.
Grating 78 is positioned above block 82 . A honeycomb filter material 76 is arranged on the grating 78 . That is, the grating 78 supports the honeycomb filter medium 76 from below.
On the other hand, the second perforated pipe 80 is arranged under the grating 78 , that is, between the grating 78 and the bottom portion 301 of the first contact filtration tank 30 .
In other words, the honeycomb filter media 76 are positioned above the second perforated tubes 80 by the blocks 82 and gratings 78 . Thereby, the air discharged from the second perforated tubes 80 is supplied to the honeycomb filter medium 76 . At that time, the air discharged from the second perforated pipe 80 passes between the gratings of the grating 78 .

<Effect of honeycomb filter media>
The sewage purifier 1 of Embodiment 1 is provided with a honeycomb filter medium 76 to which nitrifying bacteria are adhered. Therefore, it is possible to surely nitrify ammonia and reduce the amount of ammonia in the sewage.
A second contact filtration tank 32 is arranged downstream of the first contact filtration tank 30 . This second contact filtration tank 32 is provided with oyster shells. Many microorganisms adhere to the oyster shell. In addition, ammonia is highly toxic to microorganisms.
In the sewage washing apparatus 1 of Embodiment 1, ammonia can be removed in the tank just before the second contact filtration tank 32 as described above. Therefore, oyster shells and microorganisms in the second contact filtration tank 32 can be protected from the toxicity of ammonia. Therefore, the amount of oyster shells used and the frequency of oyster shell replacement can be reduced.

Even if ammonia is removed in the catalytic oxidation tank 20 by the action of the electrolysis unit 50 provided in the catalytic oxidation tank 20 described above, the remaining ammonia, the subsequent tank, for example, the second Ammonia generated by the action of microorganisms in the first sedimentation tank 22 can be removed in the first contact filtration tank 30 .

<Other microorganisms>
Microorganisms attached to the honeycomb filter material 76 are not limited to nitrifying bacteria. For example, along with nitrifying bacteria, aerobic microorganisms that decompose organic matter can be adhered to the honeycomb filter medium 76 .
In this case, aerobic microorganisms that decompose organic matter can promote purification of sewage. Moreover, thereby, the load of the oyster shell of a 2nd contact filtration tank can be reduced.

<Second contact filtration tank>
In the second contact filtration tank 32, sewage is filtered using oyster shells.
Oyster shells are arranged in the second contact filtration tank 32 as a contact material. Aeration is also performed to facilitate filtration by the oyster shells.
In the tanks up to the second contact filtration tank 32, when the removal of ammonia from sewage and the decomposition of organic matter are progressing, the oyster shells in the second contact filtration tank 32 mainly change the pH due to neutralization. Performs only regulatory functions. In this case, the rate of deterioration of the oyster shell can be slowed down.
As a result, the amount of oyster shells used can be reduced and the frequency of replacing oyster shells can be slowed down.

In the sewage purification apparatus 1 of Embodiment 1, both the treatment of ammonia by microorganisms in the first contact filtration tank 30 and the pH stabilizing effect of oyster shells in the second contact filtration tank 32 are achieved at a high level. can be done. Thereby, it becomes easy to achieve size reduction of the sewage purification apparatus 1 whole.

<Second sedimentation tank>
In the second sedimentation tank 34, the sewage filtered by the second contact filtration tank 32 is separated into supernatant liquid and sediment. The separated supernatant liquid flows into the storage tank 36 .

<Disinfection Department>
The disinfection part 40 is a part that supplies a sterilizing substance for disinfection to the water flowing out of the second sedimentation tank 34 and before flowing into the storage tank 36 .
Water exiting the second sedimentation tank 34 may require disinfection by sterilization. In this case, bacteria contained in the water flowing out from the second sedimentation tank 34 are sterilized by the sterilizing substance supplied by the sterilizing section 40 . Bacteria to be sterilized include, for example, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, Salmonella, and the like.
As the sterilizing substance, for example, a chlorine-based substance such as solid chlorine can be used.
It should be noted that the supply of the sterilizing substance to the water flowing out of the second sedimentation tank 34 can also be performed manually without using the disinfection unit 40 .

<Reservoir>
The supernatant liquid in the second sedimentation tank 34 flows into the storage tank 36 . It is then stored as clean water for reuse.
In addition, the reservoir 36 is provided with activated carbon 62 . The activated carbon 62 deodorizes and decolorizes the purified water stored in the storage tank 36 .
The purified water stored in the storage tank 36 is supplied to the water utilization equipment 2, for example, the toilet, and reused as flush water for the toilet.

<Surplus water storage tank>
Surplus purified water in the storage tank 36 flows into the surplus water storage tank 38 from the storage tank 36 . Then, the inflowing purified water is stored so as not to flow out of the water reuse system 100 .
This makes it possible to recycle sewage in a closed system.

<Purification and disinfection with sodium hypochlorite>
In the sewage purification apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, the sodium hypochlorite generated by the electrolysis unit 50 provided in the contact oxidation tank 20 is used to purify the tanks downstream of the contact oxidation tank 20, It is possible to disinfect the sewage in the tank.
For example, with respect to the amount of ammonia contained in the sewage in the sewage purifier 1, sodium hypochlorite is generated by electrolysis in a slightly larger amount. This leaves sodium hypochlorite that does not react with ammonia.
By flowing this sodium hypochlorite into the downstream tanks, it is possible to purify each tank and sterilize the sewage in each tank.

In this case, it is preferable to keep track of the amount of sodium hypochlorite contained in tanks downstream of the contact oxidation tank 20 so that the remaining sodium hypochlorite does not adversely affect oyster shells and microorganisms. . Therefore, it is preferable to equip the tanks other than the contact oxidation tank 20 with the chlorine concentration measuring unit 52 .
Note that it is not necessary to equip all the tanks downstream of the contact oxidation tank 20 with the chlorine concentration measuring units 52 . Chlorine concentration measurement units 52 can be appropriately provided only in necessary tanks.

In the second sedimentation tank 34, when the sewage in the tank contains a sufficient amount of sodium hypochlorite for disinfection, it is possible to prevent the disinfectant from being supplied by the disinfection unit 40. can. This is because the sewage can be disinfected with sodium hypochlorite contained in the sewage.

<<Other embodiments>>
In Embodiment 1, the sewage purification apparatus 1 in which the contact oxidation tank 20 is equipped with the electrolytic part 50 and the first contact filtration tank 30 is equipped with the honeycomb filter material 76 has been described.
However, the sewage purification device 1 can be modified in various ways. Other embodiments are exemplified below.

<<Embodiment 2>>
The sewage purification apparatus 1 may be a sewage purification apparatus 1 in which the contact oxidation tank 20 is not provided with the electrolysis unit 50 and the chlorine concentration measurement unit 52 . This sewage purification device 1 is referred to as a sewage purification device 1 of the second embodiment.
In the sewage purification apparatus 1 of Embodiment 2, in the contact oxidation tank 20, sodium hypochlorite is introduced from outside the tank in order to remove ammonia. Thereby, ammonia contained in sewage can be removed from sewage as nitrogen gas.
Alternatively, in the catalytic oxidation tank 20, sodium hypochlorite may not be introduced from outside the tank. In this case, for example, the first contact filtration tank 30 removes ammonia from the sewage. This is because nitrifying bacteria adhere to the honeycomb filter medium 76 provided in the first contact filtration tank 30 .

<<Embodiment 3>>
As another embodiment, the sewage purification device 1 may be a sewage purification device 1 in which the first contact filtration tank 30 is not provided with the honeycomb filter medium 76 . This sewage purification device 1 is referred to as a sewage purification device 1 of the third embodiment.
In the sewage purification apparatus 1 of Embodiment 3, the first contact filtration tank 30 can be made the same as the second contact filtration tank 32 . Specifically, oyster shells are also placed in the first contact filtration tank 30 .
In this case, nitrification of ammonia by the nitrifying bacteria adhering to the honeycomb filter material 76 cannot be obtained.
However, when the catalytic oxidation tank 20 is provided with the electrolytic part 50, ammonia can be removed in the catalytic oxidation tank 20 as described above.

It is also possible to attach nitrifying bacteria to the surface of the oyster shell. For example, nitrification of ammonia in the first contact filtration tank 30 becomes possible by attaching nitrifying bacteria to the oyster shells of the first contact filtration tank 30 . In this case, in the tank just before the second contact filtration tank 32, the concentration of ammonia in the sewage in the tank can be reduced. Thereby, the oyster shells provided in the second contact filtration tank 32 can be protected.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes and modifications are possible.

1 sewage purification device 2 water utilization equipment 5 piping
10 sedimentation separation tank 20 contact oxidation tank 22 first sedimentation tank 30 first contact filtration tank 301 bottom of first contact filtration tank 302 upper part of first contact filtration tank 32 second contact filtration tank 34 second sedimentation tank 36 storage tank 38 Excess water storage tank 40 Disinfection unit 50 Electrolysis unit 52 Chlorine concentration measurement unit 60 Oyster shell 62 Activated carbon 70 First porous tube 701 Hole 72 Sheet filter 74 Plastic filter medium 741 Mesh filter medium 76 Honeycomb filter medium 761 Hollow tube 78 Grating 80 2-perforated pipe 801 hole 802 bubble 82 block 90 sediment 100 water reuse system T1 primary treatment T2 secondary treatment T3 tertiary treatment

Claims (6)

Equipped with a first contact filtration tank and a second contact filtration tank for purifying sewage,
The first contact filtration tank is arranged upstream of the second contact filtration tank,
The first contact filtration tank includes a resin honeycomb filter medium,
The honeycomb filter medium includes a plurality of cylindrical hollow tubes,
The second contact filtration tank comprises oyster shells,
The first contact filtration tank nitrifies ammonia in the sewage in the tank,
Furthermore, a sheet-like filter that spreads over the entire surface of the first contact filtration tank 30 in a plan view and removes suspended solids having a diameter of 10 μm or more and less than 80 μm,
a plurality of plastic filter media integrally formed by stacking a plurality of mesh filter media, having a rectangular parallelepiped shape, nitrifying bacteria attached thereto, and a plurality of plastic filter media arranged between the sheet-like filter and the hollow tube;
Sewage purification equipment. The hollow tube has a hexagonal cross section in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction,
The hollow tubes are arranged so that their outer surfaces are adjacent to each other without gaps.
The sewage purification device according to claim 1. Nitrifying bacteria adhere to the inner surface of the hollow tube,
The sewage purification device according to claim 1 or 2. A perforated tube is arranged between the bottom of the first contact filtration tank and the honeycomb filter medium,
The perforated tube has a plurality of holes,
the holes are capable of gas evacuation;
The sewage purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. In the first contact filtration tank, when the part facing the bottom is the upper part,
The pores of the perforated tube generate a flow of the waste water from the bottom to the top in the hollow tube by the gas discharged by the perforated tube.
The sewage purification device according to claim 4. In the first contact filtration tank, when the part facing the bottom is the upper part,
The pores of the perforated pipe are formed by the gas discharged from the perforated pipe,
making the flow of the sewage in some of the hollow tubes in the plurality of hollow tubes a direction from the bottom to the top;
making the flow of the sewage in some other hollow tubes in the plurality of hollow tubes a direction from the top to the bottom;
The sewage purification device according to claim 4 or 5.

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