JP3230742U - Water purification equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To save space while using the principle of a purification method by biological treatment (water purification treatment method), to save labor in managing biological membranes, and to add a microporous physical microfiltration treatment step as the next step of a filtration pond. To provide a water purification device that ensures the safety of water purification treatment. SOLUTION: A biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting the outer surface of a container-shaped vertical frame structure 3 and a filter medium layer housed in the vertical frame structure 3 inhabiting microorganisms. A carrier that serves as a biological residence formed of a biofilm and a large number of porous bodies suspended in raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less or treated water that has been treated to further reduce turbidity. It has a biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting it, and it is in contact with treated water or raw water, and in the water of the filtration pond G, the vertical direction of the water can be arbitrarily selected, and an electrolysis device (electrolysis). Device) 6 was provided. [Selection diagram] Fig. 3

Description

The present invention aims to reduce water quality and health-affecting substances contained in tap water, and in particular, "sodium hypochlorite" (effective chlorine concentration is 12%), which is often used as a chlorine agent to be injected and added for raw water treatment. 6%) Water purification treatment that enables generalization of tap water purification treatment methods that reduce as much as possible chlorate mixed in, pollutants derived from chemicals such as trihalomethanes generated by precursors and chlorine, or odorous substances. It is about the device.
The basic technique of the present invention is a slow-speed biological filtration method invented by Mr. J Simpson of the United Kingdom (early 1800s).
This filtration method not only reduces the substances that affect water quality and health, that is, the addition of no chemicals reduces the total water treatment cost compared to the basics, but in recent years, it is expected to have the effect of removing strontium, cesium, etc. dissolved in raw water. Therefore, its convenience has been reviewed again.
The present invention is a "slow-speed biological filtration method" water purification device, "space-saving", "labor-saving", and "slow-speed biological filtration method" water purification treatment that may dramatically promote functions. It is about the device.

Conventionally, a slow sand filtration method (1829, Simpson invention) utilizing microorganisms is known as a purification method (water purification method) in which no chemical is added to the purification process of water supply.
This is done by using sand with a particle size of about 0.2 to 0.4 mm and pouring tap water (water to be purified) into a pond with a sand layer with a depth of about 1.5 m at a flow velocity of about 4 m / day in the sand layer. For example, a biological film is naturally formed on the surface of the sand layer in a few hours, purification of the target water begins, and various harmful substances, pathogenic bacteria, chemical substances, etc. are separated into the food chain of microorganisms (vitrification, denitrification, crushing and decomposition, It is a reasonable purification method using the principle of natural purification that disappears naturally by adsorption, supplementation, modification, and their combined action).
This method is, in short, "J Simpson's slow sand filtration method" or "biological treatment purification method (water purification method)".
The purifying action of the naturally generated biofilm is due to various microorganisms, and the purifying action of protozoa, algae, and aquatic organisms is also observed, and foreign substances, dissolved organic substances, odorous substances, and iron contained in the passing raw water are also observed. , Ammonia, manganese, as well as strontium, cesium, etc. are expected to be effective in removal.
In other words, the "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)" is a filtration method that does not involve chemical contamination because it does not contain chemicals, and a small amount of effective chlorine is added to purified water with zero chlorine addition during filtration (water supply). If the target is residual chlorine of about 0.1 mg / l at the end, the effective chlorine of about 0.3 mg / l is added), and the risk of secondary contamination specified in tap water in Japan is low. It becomes expensive drinking tap water.
As a wastewater treatment device using such a biofilm, for example, there is the following Patent Document 1.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-34286

However, this method has a problem that the water area (area of the filtration pond) becomes large in proportion to the increase in the amount of treated water and it takes time and effort to manage the biofilm.
On the other hand, the purification method (water purification method) currently used is a rapid filtration method in which the water area (area of the filtration pond) is small (the space of the water purification plant is small), and this method is by automating the operation operation. It is widely used because it is labor-saving.
However, this method is a purification method by physicochemical treatment (water purification method), and unlike the above-mentioned "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)", tap water treated because the chlorine injection rate is particularly large. There is a high risk of chemical contamination (chlorine-derived chemical contamination).
In this rapid filtration method, chlorine (Cl ₂ ) is injected into the purification target water (raw water) as an oxidizing agent. In this case, the removal of ammonia nitrogen in the target water is 7 times the ammonia concentration, depending on the conditions. Since it is necessary to inject chlorine with a concentration of the above (7 mg / l or more if the ammonia concentration is 1 mg / l), excessive chlorine injection (injection much larger than the amount of chlorine for disinfection purposes) is inevitable. It ends up. As a result of excessive chlorine injection, chlorine compounds (trihalomethane, etc.) are generated by the action with the precursor, and a strange odor is generated, which causes an adverse effect on purified water.

On the other hand, in Japan, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare has stated that "consideration should be made to reduce the contamination of chemical-derived pollutants and that sodium hypochlorite is an essentially degradable substance." It can be interpreted that "reduction of chlorine introduction rate" is desired.
Regarding this, in the rapid sand filter method, there are cases where ozone treatment was added to the front and rear stages of the rapid sand filter to reduce the chlorine injection rate as a countermeasure against offensive odors, but the equipment cost, maintenance cost, facility renewal cost, and power consumption Considering the cost and the cost of consumables, it is extremely uneconomical and also causes a problem of increasing the environmental load.

The first object of the present invention is to save space while using the principle of "J Simpson's slow sand filtration method" or "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)", and the second purpose of the present invention is to save space. The purpose is to save labor in the management of biological membranes, and the third purpose of the present invention is to add a microporous physical microfiltration treatment step as the next step of the filtration pond to ensure the safety of water purification treatment. The purpose is three.
The above three purposes are explained below:
The first object of the present invention is to use the principle of "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)" and structurally improve it in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional rapid filtration method. This is to further put into practical use the "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)".
That is, the improvement point is that in the conventional "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)", the "filtered water amount" is based on the horizontal area (surface load factor) of the horizontal sand layer, but the sand layer is horizontal. It is possible to save space by using "vertical arrangement" instead, but this "vertical arrangement" has been considered difficult in the past in terms of supplying oxygen to the aerobic microorganisms that make up the biofilm. However, the present invention was solved by adding a simple electrolyzer (electrolyzer).
In other words, conventionally, oxygen required for microorganisms is taken in from the atmosphere from the water area of the "filtration pond" that is in contact with the atmosphere, so if it is "vertically arranged", the water area will be reduced and, of course, oxygen will be insufficient. ..
As a solution to this problem, the present invention is limited to the inventions of claims 1 to 3, but an electrolyzer (electrolyzer) is added.
Next, the second object of the present invention is to save labor and improve the efficiency of maintenance of biofilm, which has been an important problem in the "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)".
In order to achieve this second purpose, the structure or composition of the "biofilm" was first improved, the details of which will be described later.
Next, for labor saving and efficiency improvement, although limited to the inventions of claims 1 to 3, those "electrolyzers" can supply not only oxygen but also chlorine, and can switch between them, and biofilms. The "electrolyzer" was given the main role of labor saving and efficiency improvement of the maintenance of the film.
Further, in order to save labor and improve efficiency, the details of the specific configuration will be described later, but the configuration of the "biofilm" (the "biofilm" has a plurality of configurations and one of them) is a "flowing floating carrier". Was used to save labor and improve efficiency in the maintenance of biofilms by using the physical action of the flow of the biofilm.

Each will be described below.
The first is "biofilm (biofiltration membrane)", which consists of the following two configurations:
The first is a biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting the outer surface of a container-shaped vertical frame structure and various filter media layers such as sand stored in the structure (because it is a container). Biofilm composed of microorganisms The second is a biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting a carrier that serves as a living place such as a porous body having a specific gravity similar to that of water, and is abundant in the water of a filtration pond. It is composed of the above two that exist in a fluid state.
By controlling the floating state of the second carrier, it becomes possible to use it for optimizing the state of the first biofiltration membrane.
Next, although limited to the inventions of claims 1 to 3, if the "electrolyzer" is described, the installation positions are roughly classified into two installation positions.
First, the first installation position is in the water between the vertical frame structures (between those zones when installed at a certain interval) in the filtration pond, and the vertical direction of the water is arbitrary (for example, bottom, middle, etc.). ) Can be selected.
Next, the second installation position is after the biofilm filtration process, and at the entrance of the microfiltration process, which is the next process, an electrolytic device is also installed here in order to generate chlorine for disinfection purposes. To.
Therefore, the electrolyzer of the filtration pond will be described first, and then the electrolyzer at the entrance of the microfiltration step will be described.
That is, the first function of the electrolytic device of the filtration pond is to nitrify, denitrify, and activate the food chain of microorganisms by generating and dissolving the oxygen gas generated by the electrolytic device in water.

That is, the electrolyzer promotes the activity of aerobic microorganisms (mainly nitrification activity) by generating oxygen and optimally controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration of water.
On the contrary, by changing the position of the electrolyzer (the position where oxygen is generated) up and down, an oxygen deficient area can be created, and it can be used to activate anaerobic microorganisms in the oxygen deficient area.
The second function of the electrolytic device of the filtration pond is a function for labor saving and efficiency improvement of maintenance of the biofilm.
That is, the electrolyzer is also used to automatically renew the biofilm (biofilm) formed by generating chlorine and adhering microorganisms.
Enables automatic control of head loss in biofilms and automation of periodic disinfection and cleaning of the interior of the "filtration pond", especially the "biofilm" (which extends the manual cleaning cycle). .. That is, it is possible to automatically control the head loss in the "biofilm" and "automate the periodic disinfection inside the filtration pond" (which extends the manual cleaning cycle).
The details of cleaning the "biofilm" will be described later, but there are three types of cleaning:
1. 1. Wash while flowing water in the forward direction (hereinafter referred to as "forward washing").
2. 2. Wash while flowing water in the opposite direction (hereinafter referred to as "backwash").
3. 3. The surface of the "container-shaped vertical frame structure" that constitutes the "biofilm" is cleaned (hereinafter referred to as "surface cleaning").
Details of the above three cleanings will be described later (described in the drawings).
In addition, for "regular disinfection and cleaning inside the filtration pond", a method should be used in which multiple "filtration ponds" are provided and those "filtration ponds" are sequentially paused (specific ones are paused) for cleaning. , It makes it possible to carry out regular disinfection and cleaning realistically.

Next, the function of the electrolyzer at the entrance of the precision filtration step is to add a microporous physical precision filtration treatment step as the next step of the filtration pond, and at the entrance of the microporous physical precision filtration treatment step. This is a function of an electrolytic device provided to generate chlorine for disinfection purposes.
A new electrolyzer will be installed to generate chlorine for disinfection purposes at the entrance of the microporous physical microfiltration process, which is the next step (final step) after the biological membrane filtration step. ..
That is, chlorine generated by this electrolyzer is used for chlorine for disinfection purposes.
In addition, the chlorine generation technique by the electrolytic device is known as an example in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-143481, Japanese Patent 2711382, Japanese Patent 3357008 and the like.
If a small amount of saline solution is added to the electrolysis chamber in the electrolyzer, the saline solution is electrolyzed and chlorine is generated.

As described above, the second purpose of the present invention was to save labor and improve the efficiency of maintenance of biofilm, which was an important problem in the "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)". The composition of the biofilm and the electrolyzer were explained.
Here, since the electrolyzer is only one of the oxygen supply means or the cleaning means, the oxygen supply means may be replaced by watering with a pump, underwater cavitation, or micro bubbling (of air), and chlorine may be used for the cleaning means. Chlorine may be directly injected without using an electrolyzer, and the vertical frame structure or the physical precision filtration device may be cleaned by ultrasonic cleaning instead of cleaning with chlorine.
Next, a third object of the present invention is to add a microporous physical microfiltration step as a next step of the filtration pond.
That is, as the next step of the filtration step using the biological membrane, microporous physical microfiltration, for example, filtration by a vertical ceramic plate (for example, NF / 2 mm class), or sand filtration for the purpose of physical treatment (also in terms of space). Also, vertical type is desirable for cleaning), and "filtration" (hereinafter referred to as "microporous physical microfiltration") is performed to complement "filtration" by biological membrane.
This "microporous physical microfiltration" ensures the stability of "filtered water (purified water)" when an accident such as breakthrough occurs in the filtration process using the biofilm in the previous stage.
This "microporous physical microfiltration" is performed at normal pressure (meaning that "filtration" is performed by the pressure of the head of the water surface instead of "filtering" by pressurizing with a pump or the like), and as described above, the biological membrane. Since it is the next step (in other words, the final step) of the filtration process, it has already been purified by the biomembrane, and as a result, the contamination of the filtration surface is limited, and there is almost no need for cleaning due to the action of electrolytic chlorine. ..
Next, other configurations of "biofilm (biofiltration membrane)" will be described below:
That is, as a "biofilm (biofiltration membrane)"
The first is a biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting the outer surface of a container-shaped vertical frame structure and various filter media layers such as sand stored in the structure (because it is a container). Biofilm composed of microorganisms The second is a biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting a carrier that serves as a living place such as a porous body having a specific gravity similar to that of water, and is abundant in the water of a filtration pond. The "biofilm (biofiltration membrane)" composed of the above two substances that exist in a fluid state has been described.
However, it is possible to make the "biofilm (biofiltration membrane)" into other configurations, which will be explained below:
That is, the vertical frame structure is provided at the same position, but the vertical frame structure does not store a filter medium layer such as sand, that is, does not store anything, so to speak, an "empty frame structure", that is, a frame structure. It is a "filter plate" itself, and it is made into a single or multiple "filter plate", and water comes into contact with this "filter plate" and flows, and at that time, the "filter plate" (its surface) is the place of life. In the case of a perforated plate or a perforated plate, organisms inhabit the pores) and function as a "biological membrane (biological filtration membrane)".

The present invention aims to achieve the above objectives:
Claim 1 is a water purification device that purifies treated water that has been treated to reduce turbidity or raw water with a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less, and is a biological film provided in a filtration pond, the organism. What is a membrane:
The first is a biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting the outer surface of a container-shaped vertical frame structure and various single-layer or multi-layers housed in the structure (because it is a container). The second biofilm, which is composed of microorganisms inhabiting the filter medium layer, has a specific gravity similar to that of water and can exist in a suspended state in the treated water or raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less. It is a biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting a carrier that serves as a living place formed of a porous body, and is a first and second biofilm that is present in a large number of fluid states in the water of a filtration pond. The treated water or the raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less was brought into contact with the water, and then an electrolysis device (electrolytic device) was provided in the water of the filtration pond so that the vertical direction of the water could be arbitrarily selected. , The above water purification equipment is proposed.
Claim 2 is a water purification apparatus for purifying treated water treated to reduce turbidity or raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less, and a biological film provided in a filtration pond, the organism. What is a membrane:
The first is a biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting the outer surface of a container-shaped vertical frame structure and various single-layer or multi-layers housed in the structure (because it is a container). The second biofilm, which is composed of microorganisms inhabiting the filter medium layer, has a specific gravity similar to that of water and can exist in a suspended state in the treated water or raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less. It is a biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting a carrier that serves as a living place formed of a porous body, and is a first and second biofilm that is present in a large number of fluid states in the water of a filtration pond. The treated water or the raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less was brought into contact with the water, and then an electrolysis device (electrolytic device) was provided in the water of the filtration pond so that the vertical direction of the water could be arbitrarily selected. , The above water purification equipment is proposed.
Claim 3 is a water purification device that purifies treated water that has been treated to reduce turbidity or raw water with a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less, and is a biological film provided in a filtration pond, the organism. What is a membrane:
The first is a biological membrane formed by inhabiting microorganisms on the outer surface of a container-shaped vertical frame structure and various single-layer or multi-layers housed in the structure (because it is a container). The second biological membrane composed of microorganisms inhabiting the filter medium layer has a specific gravity similar to that of water, and can exist in a suspended state in the treated water or raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less. It is a biological membrane composed of microorganisms inhabiting a carrier that serves as a biological residence formed of a porous body, and is a first and second biological membrane that is present in a large number of fluid states in the water of a filtration pond. The treated water or the raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less is brought into contact with the water, and then an electrolysis device (electrolytic device) is provided in the water of the filtration pond so that the vertical direction of the water can be arbitrarily selected. A microporous physical precision filtration step is added as the next step of the filtration pond, and then after the microporous physical precision filtration step and at the entrance of the microporous physical precision filtration step, for disinfection purposes. We propose the above water purification treatment equipment equipped with an electrolytic device that generates chlorine.
Further, the present invention proposes the water purification apparatus according to claims 4 to 8 and the electrolytic apparatus as a related invention (the description is omitted, refer to the scope of claims for utility model registration).

The effects of the water purification apparatus of the present invention are listed below.
1. 1. The water purification apparatus of the present invention has a biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting the outer surface of a container-shaped vertical frame structure and various simple units housed in the structure (because it is a container). Space can be saved because a biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting a filter medium layer provided in a layer or multiple layers is used, that is, because it is "vertical".
For example, the vertical frame structure can be installed in an existing settling basin because the space can be reduced to about 1/30 of that of the conventional equipment having the same function.
2. 2. The water purification device of the present invention can not only supply sufficient oxygen to the biofilm (in the case of claims 1 to 3) when an electrolyzer (electrolyzer) is provided, but also maintain the biofilm. Labor saving and efficiency improvement have also become possible.
3. 3. In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, when a microporous physical microfiltration treatment step is added after the biological membrane filtration step (in the case of claims 2 to 3), the biological membrane filtration step is performed. It is a safety measure in case of breakthrough.
4. In the case of the water purification apparatus of the present invention, when an electrolytic device for generating chlorine for disinfection is provided at the entrance of the microporous physical microfiltration treatment step following the biological membrane filtration step (in the case of claim 3). In addition to preventing the blockage of micropores provided for physical microfiltration and prolonging the filtration duration, the residual chlorine concentration of about 0.3 mg / l in the water that has passed through the process ( Must be given as tap water) can be given.
In addition to the residual chlorine concentration of about 0.3 mg / l, the total chlorine injection rate in the conventional rapid filtration method may be as high as 10 mg / l in order to make the faucet water 0.1 mg / l. It is possible to reduce the amount of chlorine injection overwhelmingly compared to the above (especially suitable for water purification treatment in the Asian region).

It is a flow chart of the water purification apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram of the water purification apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram at the time of the filtration operation of the water purification apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram at the time of cleaning operation of the water purification apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram at the time of the surface cleaning operation of the water purification apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram at the time of the backflow washing operation of the water purification apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, the water purification apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to Examples shown in the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a water purification process (1) having a pre-stage step (90) and the water purification apparatus (2) of the present invention, and details of the water purification apparatus (2) are shown in FIG.
That is, with reference to FIG. 2, the present invention purifies the raw water that does not require precipitation treatment with the precipitated treated water in which flocs and the like are precipitated or the raw water having low turbidity. Since it is known in the past, it will be briefly described.
However, this settling step for flocs and the like is performed in the settling basin F, and can be omitted when the turbidity concentration of the raw water is 10 mg / l or less (low pollution).
That is, the settling device installed in the settling basin F precipitates, that is, removes the flocs and the like formed by the flocculant injected in the previous step.
It is the present invention to purify the supernatant water after the flocs and the like are settled or settled in the settling basin F, and the water purification apparatus (2) of the present invention will be described below.
That is, as shown in FIG. 2, a filtration pond (G pond) is provided by being processally connected to the settling basin F, and the biological filtration treatment step G constituting the water purification apparatus (2) of the present invention is the filtration. It is installed in the pond.
That is, the biological filtration treatment step G of the water purification device (2) shown in the figure is a normal pressure type vertical biological filtration device as a "purification method by biological treatment", and is provided in the filtration pond.
The atmospheric pressure type vertical biofiltration device has a "biological membrane", and the biological membrane is: the first is a container-shaped vertical frame structure and the inside of the structure (because it is a container, it is stored in the container). The second filter medium layer, which is provided with various single layers or multiple layers such as sand, is a carrier that serves as a living place for a porous body having a specific gravity similar to that of water, and is present in a large number of fluid states in the water of the filtration pond. It is composed of the above two that exist between the vertical frame structures of the above.

First, various structural plates having a strength capable of accommodating a porous material having a thickness of 1 mm to 2 mm and a filter material such as a mesh material and allowing water to pass through, and a large number of specific examples. A vertical frame structure made in a container shape with a plate such as titanium having a mesh, fine holes, etc. and allowing water to pass through is provided. It has a sand layer of sand (grain size that does not pass through the porous pores, mesh, fine pores, etc.) stored in the structure (because it is a container, so that it is inside the container).
Microorganisms inhabit the outer surfaces on both sides of the vertical frame structure and the inside of the sand layer to form a "biofilm" (hereinafter referred to as "biofilm" including organisms "inside the sand").
Here, the term "biological film" is a concept that includes organisms inside sand, and "sand" in the term "sand" is "various types such as sand" on both outer surfaces of a vertical frame structure, inside a sand layer, and inside sand. It is a concept including "a filter medium layer provided with a single layer or multiple layers".
Next, the second "biofilm" is a carrier that serves as a living place for a porous body or the like having a specific gravity similar to that of water, and a large number of the above-mentioned vertical framework structures are in a state of mutual flow in the water of a filtration pond. It is something that exists in between.
That is, a carrier that serves as a living place for a porous body having a specific gravity similar to that of water (for example, grains of activated carbon, and the size of the grains passes through the porous pores, mesh, or fine pores of the vertical framework structure. It is a size that does not occur), and is present in a large number of flowing states in the water of the filtration pond between the plurality of vertical framework structures.
Microorganisms contained in natural raw water also inhabit the above-mentioned second carrier to form a "biofilm". Further, the meaning of "vertical type" means that the container-shaped frame structure is installed in the filtration pond in the vertical direction (vertical direction of the pond).
Porous pores, meshes or fine holes in the framework structure are filtered from the outside to the inside, and the sand layer is filtered from the top to the bottom at normal pressure (that is, at the pressure of the head difference without pressurizing with a pump or the like). In the process, water is purified by contacting with the "biological membrane" of microorganisms on both outer surfaces of the vertical framework structure and inside the sand layer (including the organisms "inside the sand", it is called "biological membrane"). (Meaning to include physical filtration in the sand layer).

The sand layer also has a physical filtration action (for example, it does not allow cryptoprotozoans and the like to pass through), but the biological purification action is the main one.
Since the second carrier has a specific gravity similar to that of water and is allowed to exist in a large number of fluid states in the water of the filtration pond due to oxygen bubbles generated by the electrolytic device, the first container-shaped vertical type in the filtration pond. It comes into contact with the outer surfaces on both sides of the frame structure together with the flow of water, and has the effect of rubbing and scraping the surface of the biological film on the outer surface of the structure, thus physically preventing the biological film from becoming too thick. It is preventing.
This vertical frame structure can be detachably installed in the filtration pond, and can be installed in multiple stages, multiple rows, and multiple columns, and they can be connected in series and / or in parallel as needed. Good.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of filtration ponds themselves are provided in parallel so as to be able to block each other so that one of the filtration ponds is in use and at the same time, another filter pond is used for maintenance and cleaning of biological membranes (filter layer due to backflow). It must be installed in consideration of the operation system of the entire water purification plant (that is, in consideration of non-stop operation), such as during deep cleaning and surface surface cleaning).

The raw water of purified water in urban areas is often polluted with a large amount of water, but in such raw water, the vertical frame structure in which sand is stored in the vertical frame structure of the present invention particularly contributes to space saving.
Further, since it is a vertical type, for example, by making both outer surfaces of the structure into "biofilms", the amount of "various filter media" such as sand stored in the structure can be saved.
Quartz, garnet, tourmaline, obsidian, garnet, pearlite, pearl stone, smokeless charcoal (anthracite), silica sand, activated charcoal, sintered alumina, etc. can be reasonably selected as the material of "various filter media".
Next, the "electrolyzer" has already been described by classifying its functions in detail in the column of "problems to be solved by the device", but there are some overlaps, but it will be explained again below.
That is, the installation positions of the "electrolyzer" are roughly classified into two installation positions. As shown in FIG. 3, the electrolyzer (6) is vertically installed in the filtration pond in the biological filtration process G as the first installation position. Installed in water between the frame structures (3) (between those zones when installed in zones as shown), and in the vertical direction of the water can be selected arbitrarily (for example, bottom, middle, etc.). Will be done.
Next, the second installation position is after the biological filtration treatment step G (filtration step by biological membrane) as shown in FIG. 3, and the next step is the precision filtration step by the physical microfiltration device (10). A new electrolyzer (8) is installed at the entrance to generate chlorine for disinfection purposes.
Therefore, the electrolyzer (6) of the filtration pond will be described first, and then the electrolyzer (8) at the entrance of the microfiltration step by the physical microfiltration device (10) will be described.

That is, the first function of the electrolytic device (6) of the filtration pond is to nitrify, denitrify (denitrify) microorganisms, and activate the food chain by generating and dissolving the oxygen gas generated by this in water. Try.
That is, the electrolyzer (6) promotes the activity of aerobic microorganisms (mainly nitrification activity) by generating oxygen to increase the dissolved oxygen concentration of water.
Conversely, by changing the position of the electrolyzer (6) (oxygen generation position) up and down, an oxygen-deficient area is created, and in order to activate anaerobic microorganisms in the oxygen-deficient area (mainly to de-chisso). It becomes possible to use.
Here, since the electrolyzer (6) is merely one of the oxygen supply means or the cleaning means, the oxygen supply means may be replaced by watering by a pump, underwater cavitation, or micro bubbling (of air).
Further, if attention is paid only to the control of the film thickness of the "biofilm", it is possible to physically control the film thickness (including making the film thickness thinner) by using an air nozzle or the like in addition to the electrolytic device (6). Is.
The second function of the electrolytic device (6) of the filtration pond is a function for labor saving and efficiency improvement of maintenance of the biofilm.
That is, the electrolyzer (6) is switched in mode to generate chlorine and automatically renew the biofilm (biofilm) formed by attaching microorganisms such as the vertical frame structure (3). Is also used.
It enables automatic control of head loss in biofilms and automation of periodic disinfection and cleaning inside filtration ponds (which extends the manual cleaning cycle).

That is, it is possible to automatically control the head loss in the biofilm (biofilm) such as the vertical frame structure (3) and "automate the periodic disinfection inside the filtration pond" (thus extending the manual cleaning cycle). become.
That is, "automation of periodic disinfection inside the filtration pond" means that in a plurality of filtration ponds as shown in FIG. 2, one of them is sequentially paused (a specific one is paused) during cleaning. Labor saving and efficiency of maintenance of biofilms such as the mold structure (3) can be achieved.
Next, the function of the electrolyzer (8) at the entrance of the precision filtration step by the physical precision filtration device (10) shown in FIG. 3 is the physical microporous physical as the next step of the filtration pond in the biological filtration treatment step G. This is a function of the electrolyzer (8) provided for generating chlorine for disinfection purposes at the entrance of the microporous physical precision filtration process H by adding a precision filtration process.
In order to generate chlorine for disinfection purposes at the entrance of the microporous physical microfiltration process H, which is the next step (final step) after the biological filtration step of the biological filtration process G. A new electrolyzer (8) is provided.
That is, chlorine generated by this electrolyzer (8) is used for chlorine for disinfection purposes.
In addition, the chlorine generation technique by the electrolytic device is known as an example in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-143481, Japanese Patent 2711382, Japanese Patent 3357008 and the like.
If a small amount of saline solution is added to the electrolysis chamber in the electrolyzer (8), the saline solution is electrolyzed and chlorine is generated.
As for the cleaning means, chlorine may be directly injected without using the electrolytic device (8), and further, cleaning may be performed by ultrasonic cleaning instead of cleaning with chlorine.

Next, the function of the electrolyzer (8) at the entrance of the precision filtration step is to add a finely porous physical precision filtration treatment step H as a next step of the filtration pond of the biological filtration treatment step G to perform physical precision filtration. This is a function of the electrolytic device (8) provided to generate chlorine for disinfection at the entrance of the treatment step H.
A new electrolyzer (8) is provided after the biofiltration step G and at the entrance of the next physical microfiltration step H to generate chlorine for disinfection purposes.
That is, chlorine generated by this electrolyzer (8) is used for chlorine for disinfection purposes.
In addition, the chlorine generation technique by the electrolytic device is known as an example in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-143481, Japanese Patent 2711382, Japanese Patent 3357008 and the like.
If a small amount of saline solution is added to the electrolysis chamber in the electrolyzer (8), the saline solution is electrolyzed and chlorine is generated.
However, as a substitute for the electrolyzer (8), chlorine may be directly injected without using the electrolyzer, and the physical microfiltration device (10) may be cleaned by ultrasonic cleaning instead of cleaning with chlorine.

The theory of the water purification apparatus of the present invention will be described below.
Or "biological treatment purification method with (water purification treatment method)" is predation, nitrification ^{_{(2NH 4 + + 3O 2 →}} 2NO 2 - + 2H 2 O + 4H +, 2NO 2 + O 2 → 2NO 3 -), denitrification (facultative bacteria such as It has various functions such as (decomposing and removing nitric acid and nitrite), crushing, degeneration, and adsorption.
By nitrification dependent on aerobic microorganisms, ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ , NH ₄ N) dissolved in the target water is converted to nitrogen gas (N ₂ ) during the nitrification process and removed from the water, making it possible to reduce the chlorine injection rate. Become.
If necessary, denitrification that depends on facultative anaerobic microorganisms is also possible.
The electrolyzer may be selectively equipped with a submerged non-diaphragm type electrolyzer or a diaphragm type electrolyzer, and oxygen gas is generated from the anode and hydrogen gas is generated from the cathode in the passing water.
That is, the electrolytic device can instantly supply the required amount of oxygen gas and hydrogen gas to the target water in the required amount by electrolysis using the target water there as a raw material.
The electrolytic part is multi-stage dispersed and can be freely attached and detached to form an anaerobic environment and an aerobic environment in the area. This is different from the conventional so-called electrolytic levitation method for the purpose of solid-liquid separation, decolorization, oxidation, deodorization, etc., and the electrolytic device of the present invention is a means for providing an anaerobic and aerobic environment.

This will be described by returning to FIG.
That is, next to the filtration pond in the biofiltration treatment step G, a precision filtration pond in the physical microfiltration treatment step H (referred to as a "microfiltration pond" to distinguish it from the filtration pond) is provided.
The function of the electrolyzer (8) at the entrance of the physical microfiltration process H is a function of generating chlorine for disinfection purposes at the entrance of the physical microfiltration process H.
As shown in FIG. 3, the physical precision filtration device (10) in the physical precision filtration process H is made of ceramic, sintered pearlite (derived from black stone, pearlite, etc.), alumina, etc., 1 to 2 microns (μm). It has a finely porous filter plate.
As the filtration plate, a vertical corrugated plate, a flat plate, a cylinder or the like is used to secure a filtration area, and may be a single layer or a multilayer.
Since the water flowing into the physical microfiltration treatment step G is already purified water, it is desirable to use atmospheric filtration using the water head instead of high water pressure filtration that causes clogging.
However, as in the biofiltration process G, the physical microfiltration device (10) in the physical microfiltration process H should also be automatically cleaned.
In addition, sterilization or sterilization and physical cleaning by the action of effective chlorine generated by electrolysis at all times contributes to automation and is efficient.

That is, the chlorine generated by the electrolyzer (8) is used for the chlorine for disinfection purposes, and the chlorine for disinfection purposes is generated at the entrance of the physical microfiltration treatment step H.
That is, at the entrance of the physical microfiltration process H, the inflowing water is always sterilized.
The action of chlorine not only prevents pore clogging of the physical precision filtration device (10) and prolongs the filtration duration, but also makes the water passing through the device about 0.1 mg / l to 0.5 mg / l, etc. Residual chlorine concentration (residual chlorine concentration to enable the addition of effective chlorine that is not insufficient in tap water as tap water) will be given.
The conventional slow-speed "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)" takes in oxygen only by contact between the atmosphere and the water surface, but since the electrolyzer generates oxygen, it is not necessary to increase the area of the water surface and purify. The site of the equipment can be significantly reduced.
The free water surface, tank, pipeline, etc. can be selected as the application area for the water purification treatment of the present invention, and the lower part of the area can be set as an oxygen-free zone to enable denitrification by anaerobic microorganisms. The dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, etc. of the target water may be detected by a densitometer and the numerical values may be automatically controlled, and further, feedforward control or the like may be possible based on the value of the biological oxygen demand at the time of inflow.

Next, FIGS. 4 to 6 will be described.
That is, FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of the water purification apparatus of the present invention during the filtration operation, while FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of the water purification apparatus of the present invention during the cleaning operation.
That is, in both the filtration pond of the biological filtration treatment step G and the precision filtration pond of the physical microfiltration treatment step H, the valve at the bottom is opened for cleaning so that the washed water flows downward.
FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram of the water purification apparatus of the present invention during the surface cleaning operation, and is a fountain nozzle (12) provided in both the filtration pond in the biological filtration treatment step G and the precision filtration pond in the physical microfiltration treatment step H. ), Which is directed toward the surfaces of the vertical framework structure (3) and the physical microfiltration device (10) to clean their surfaces.
FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram of the water purification apparatus of the present invention during the backflow cleaning operation of the vertical frame structure (3) of the filtration pond in the biofiltration treatment step G and the precision filtration pond in the physical microfiltration treatment step H. For both physical microfiltration devices (10), water is flowed in opposite directions to wash them.
The following describes some devices related to the water purification apparatus of the present invention and related devices independent of the present invention.
First, the first related device is a device called "electrolyzer with LED lighting".
In this invention, in order to promote the growth of microorganisms, LED lighting is built in an electrolytic device to turn on the LED light when sunlight is insufficient.
Here, there are two types of methods, "LED lighting" that lights up whenever the electrolytic device operates, and "LED lighting" that lights the LED light independently of the electrolytic device.
Conventionally, there has been no "LED-lit electrolyzer" as an electrolyzer having an oxygen generating function used in a water purification device.
Next, the second related device is that excess plankton, bacterial residue, etc. rise together with oxygen during operation such as generating oxygen in an electrolytic device, for example, when oxygen floats. There is).
Therefore, excess plankton, bacterial residue, etc. will collect on the water surface of the filtration pond due to the operation of oxygen evolution of the electrolyzer.
Therefore, if the filtration pond (if there is a microfiltration pond, if any) is constantly overflowed during operation such as oxygen evolution of the electrolyzer, excess plankton, bacterial residue, etc. will be discharged, and filtration of the "filtration equipment" by them The increase in resistance can be prevented and the cleaning cycle can be lengthened. That is, the second related device is a device that "the filtration pond is always in an overflow state during operation such as oxygen evolution of the electrolytic device".
This makes it possible to prevent an increase in the filtration resistance of the "filtration equipment" due to excess plankton, bacterial residues, etc., and to prolong the cleaning cycle.
In the case of overflow, 99.9% of the flow water is returned to the raw water, so the flow water is placed in a conditioning tank, where excess plankton, bacterial residues, etc. are precipitated and removed, and then the supernatant water is returned to the raw water. Good.

Since the water purification device of the present invention can realize space saving while using the principle of "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)", it is useful in the industrial field of the water purification device and is industrially effective. Is highly available.

1 Water purification process 2 Water purification device 3 Vertical frame structure 4 Container-like structure 5 Carrier 6 Electrolyzer 7 Connection path 8 Electrolyzer 10 Physical precision filtration device 11 holes 12 Injection nozzle 90 Pre-stage process

The first object of the present invention is to save space while using the principle of "J Simpson's slow sand filtration method" or "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)", and the second purpose of the present invention is to save space. The purpose is to save labor in the management of biological membranes, and the third purpose of the present invention is to add a microporous physical microfiltration treatment step as the next step of the filtration pond to ensure the safety of water purification treatment. The purpose is three.
The above three purposes are explained below:
The first object of the present invention is to use the principle of "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)" and structurally improve it in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional rapid filtration method. This is to further put into practical use the "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)".
That is, the improvement point is that in the conventional "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)", the "filtered water amount" is based on the horizontal area (surface load factor) of the horizontal sand layer, but the sand layer is horizontal. It is possible to save space by using "vertical arrangement" instead, but this "vertical arrangement" has been considered difficult in the past in terms of supplying oxygen to the aerobic microorganisms that make up the biofilm. However, the present invention was solved by adding a simple electrolyzer (electrolyzer).
In other words, conventionally, oxygen required for microorganisms is taken in from the atmosphere from the water area of the "filtration pond" that is in contact with the atmosphere, so if it is "vertically arranged", the water area will be reduced and, of course, oxygen will be insufficient. ..
As a solution to this problem, the present invention is limited to the inventions of claims 3 to 5 , but an electrolyzer (electrolyzer) is added.
Next, the second object of the present invention is to save labor and improve the efficiency of maintenance of biofilm, which has been an important problem in the "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)".
In order to achieve this second purpose, the structure or composition of the "biofilm" was first improved, the details of which will be described later.
Next, for labor saving and efficiency improvement, although limited to the inventions of claims 1 to 3, those "electrolyzers" can supply not only oxygen but also chlorine, and can switch between them, and biofilms. The "electrolyzer" was given the main role of labor saving and efficiency improvement of the maintenance of the film.
Further, in order to save labor and improve efficiency, the details of the specific configuration will be described later, but the configuration of the "biofilm" (the "biofilm" has a plurality of configurations and one of them) is a "flowing floating carrier". Was used to save labor and improve efficiency in the maintenance of biofilms by using the physical action of the flow of the biofilm.

Each will be described below.
The first is "biofilm (biofiltration membrane)", which consists of the following two configurations:
The first is a biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting the outer surface of a container-shaped vertical frame structure and various filter media layers such as sand stored in the structure (because it is a container). Biofilm composed of microorganisms The second is a biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting a carrier that serves as a living place such as a porous body having a specific gravity similar to that of water, and is abundant in the water of a filtration pond. It is composed of the above two that exist in a fluid state.
By controlling the floating state of the second carrier, it becomes possible to use it for optimizing the state of the first biofiltration membrane.
Next, although limited to the inventions of claims 3 to 5 , if the "electrolyzer" is described, the installation positions are roughly classified into two installation positions.
First, the first installation position is in the water between the vertical frame structures (between those zones when installed at a certain interval) in the filtration pond, and the vertical direction of the water is arbitrary (for example, bottom, middle, etc.). ) Can be selected.
Next, the second installation position is after the biofilm filtration process, and at the entrance of the microfiltration process, which is the next process, an electrolytic device is also installed here in order to generate chlorine for disinfection purposes. To.
Therefore, the electrolyzer of the filtration pond will be described first, and then the electrolyzer at the entrance of the microfiltration step will be described.
That is, the first function of the electrolytic device of the filtration pond is to nitrify, denitrify, and activate the food chain of microorganisms by generating and dissolving the oxygen gas generated by the electrolytic device in water.

The present invention aims to achieve the above objectives:
According to claim 1, it is a water purification device that purifies treated water that has been treated to reduce turbidity or raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less, and is configured in a container shape in the water of a filtration pond. The vertical frame structure is provided with a plurality of vertical frame structures, and the vertical frame structure includes a biological membrane composed of microorganisms inhabiting the outer surface of the vertical frame structure and a vertical frame structure (as a container). It has a biological film formed by inhabiting microorganisms in various single-layer or multiple-layered filter medium layers stored in the container), and has a biological film on the outer surface of the vertical frame structure. The present invention proposes the above water purification apparatus in which the treated water or the raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less is brought into contact with the biological film contained in the vertical framework structure .
As a second aspect, in addition to the feature of the first aspect, a treatment is performed between a plurality of vertical framework structures in the water of the filtration pond to reduce the turbidity with a specific gravity similar to that of water. A large number of carriers formed of porous bodies that can exist in a suspended state in the treated water or raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less are present in a fluid state, and the carriers are carriers that serve as biological residences. It is proposed the above water purification apparatus which has a biological membrane composed of microorganisms inhabiting the water, and brings the treated water or raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less into contact with the biological membrane .
As a third aspect, in addition to the features of the first or second aspect, the above water purification apparatus provided with an electrolyzer (electrolyzer) in the water of the filtration pond so that the vertical direction of the water can be arbitrarily selected. It is a suggestion.
As a fourth aspect, in addition to the features of the second or third aspect, the treated water or turbidity which has been treated to reduce the turbidity in contact with the biological membrane of the vertical framework structure and the biological membrane of the carrier. The above-mentioned water purification apparatus is proposed, which is provided with a physical microfiltration apparatus having a microporous filtration plate at a position where raw water having a concentration of 10 mg / l or less flows in and comes into contact with the raw water.
As a fifth aspect, in addition to the features of the second or third aspect, the treated water or turbidity which has been treated to reduce the turbidity in contact with the biological membrane of the vertical framework structure and the biological membrane of the carrier. An electrolytic device that generates chlorine for disinfection purposes is installed at a position where raw water having a concentration of 10 mg / l or less flows in and contacts, and at a position before the treated water or the raw water comes into contact with a physical microfiltration device. It proposes the above water purification equipment to be provided.

The first object of the present invention is to save space while using the principle of "J Simpson's slow sand filtration method" or "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)", and the second purpose of the present invention is to save space. The purpose is to save labor in the management of biological membranes, and the third purpose of the present invention is to add a microporous physical microfiltration treatment step as the next step of the filtration pond to ensure the safety of water purification treatment. The purpose is three.
The above three purposes are explained below:
The first object of the present invention is to use the principle of "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)" and structurally improve it in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional rapid filtration method. This is to further put into practical use the "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)".
That is, the improvement point is that in the conventional "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)", the "filtered water amount" is based on the horizontal area (surface load factor) of the horizontal sand layer, but the sand layer is horizontal. It is possible to save space by using "vertical arrangement" instead, but this "vertical arrangement" has been considered difficult in the past in terms of supplying oxygen to the aerobic microorganisms that make up the biofilm. However, the present invention was solved by adding a simple electrolyzer (electrolyzer).
In other words, conventionally, oxygen required for microorganisms is taken in from the atmosphere from the water area of the "filtration pond" that is in contact with the atmosphere, so if it is "vertically arranged", the water area will be reduced and, of course, oxygen will be insufficient. ..
As a solution to this problem, the present invention is limited to the inventions of claims 3 to 5 , but an electrolyzer (electrolyzer) is added.
Next, the second object of the present invention is to save labor and improve the efficiency of maintenance of biofilm, which has been an important problem in the "purification method by biological treatment (water purification method)".
In order to achieve this second purpose, the structure or composition of the "biofilm" was first improved, the details of which will be described later.
Next, for labor saving and efficiency improvement, although limited to the inventions of claims 1 to 3, those "electrolyzers" can supply not only oxygen but also chlorine, and can switch between them, and biofilms. The "electrolyzer" was given the main role of labor saving and efficiency improvement of the maintenance of the film.
Further, in order to save labor and improve efficiency, the details of the specific configuration will be described later, but the configuration of the "biofilm" (the "biofilm" has a plurality of configurations and one of them) is a "flowing floating carrier". Was used to save labor and improve efficiency in the maintenance of biofilms by using the physical action of the flow of the biofilm.

Each will be described below.
The first is "biofilm (biofiltration membrane)", which consists of the following two configurations:
The first is a biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting the outer surface of a container-shaped vertical frame structure and various filter media layers such as sand stored in the structure (because it is a container). Biofilm composed of microorganisms The second is a biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting a carrier that serves as a living place such as a porous body having a specific gravity similar to that of water, and is abundant in the water of a filtration pond. It is composed of the above two that exist in a fluid state.
By controlling the floating state of the second carrier, it becomes possible to use it for optimizing the state of the first biofiltration membrane.
Next, although limited to the inventions of claims 3 to 5 , if the "electrolyzer" is described, the installation positions are roughly classified into two installation positions.
First, the first installation position is in the water between the vertical frame structures (between those zones when installed at a certain interval) in the filtration pond, and the vertical direction of the water is arbitrary (for example, bottom, middle, etc.). ) Can be selected.
Next, the second installation position is after the biofilm filtration process, and at the entrance of the microfiltration process, which is the next process, an electrolytic device is also installed here in order to generate chlorine for disinfection purposes. To.
Therefore, the electrolyzer of the filtration pond will be described first, and then the electrolyzer at the entrance of the microfiltration step will be described.
That is, the first function of the electrolytic device of the filtration pond is to nitrify, denitrify, and activate the food chain of microorganisms by generating and dissolving the oxygen gas generated by the electrolytic device in water.

The present invention aims to achieve the above objectives:
According to claim 1, it is a water purification device that purifies treated water that has been treated to reduce turbidity or raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less, and is configured in a container shape in the water of a filtration pond. The vertical frame structure is provided with a plurality of vertical frame structures, and the vertical frame structure includes a biological membrane composed of microorganisms inhabiting the outer surface of the vertical frame structure and a single body housed in the vertical frame structure. A biological membrane composed of microorganisms inhabiting a layer or a filter medium layer provided in a plurality of layers, a biological membrane having an outer surface of the vertical framework structure, and a biological membrane having a biological membrane inside the vertical framework structure. The above-mentioned water purification apparatus is proposed in which the treated water or the raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less is brought into contact with the water.
As a second aspect, in addition to the feature of the first aspect, a treatment is performed between a plurality of vertical framework structures in the water of the filtration pond to reduce the turbidity with a specific gravity similar to that of water. It is provided with a large number of carriers formed of a porous body in the treated water or raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less, and the carrier is a biological membrane composed of microorganisms inhabiting the carrier that serves as a biological residence. The present invention proposes the above-mentioned water purification apparatus, which has the treated water or the raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less in contact with the biological membrane .
As a third aspect, in addition to the features of the first or second aspect, the above water purification apparatus is provided with an electrolyzer in the water of the filtration pond so that the vertical direction of the water can be arbitrarily selected. is there.
As a fourth aspect, in addition to the features of the second or third aspect, the treated water or turbidity which has been treated to reduce the turbidity in contact with the biological membrane of the vertical framework structure and the biological membrane of the carrier. The above-mentioned water purification apparatus is proposed, which is provided with a physical microfiltration apparatus having a microporous filtration plate at a position where raw water having a concentration of 10 mg / l or less flows in and comes into contact with the raw water.
As a fifth aspect, in addition to the features of the second or third aspect, the treated water or turbidity which has been treated to reduce the turbidity in contact with the biological membrane of the vertical framework structure and the biological membrane of the carrier. An electrolytic device that generates chlorine for disinfection purposes is installed at a position where raw water having a concentration of 10 mg / l or less flows in and contacts, and at a position before the treated water or the raw water comes into contact with a physical microfiltration device. It proposes the above water purification equipment to be provided.

Claims (8)

A water purification device that purifies treated water that has been treated to reduce turbidity or raw water with a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less, and is a biofilm provided in a filtration pond.
The first is a biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting the outer surface of a container-shaped vertical frame structure and various single-layer or multi-layers housed in the structure (because it is a container). The second biofilm, which is composed of microorganisms inhabiting the filter medium layer, has a specific gravity similar to that of water and can exist in a suspended state in the treated water or raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less. It is a biofilm composed of microorganisms inhabiting a carrier that serves as a living place formed of a porous body, and is used as a first and second biofilm that is present in a large number of fluid states in the water of a filtration pond. The treated water or raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less was brought into contact with the water, and then an electrolysis device (electrolytic device) was provided in the water of the filtration pond so that the vertical direction of the water could be arbitrarily selected. , Above water purification equipment A water purification device that purifies treated water that has been treated to reduce turbidity or raw water with a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less, and is a biofilm provided in a filtration pond.
The first is a biological membrane composed of microorganisms inhabiting the outer surface of a container-shaped vertical frame structure and various single-layer or multi-layers housed in the structure (because it is a container). The second biological membrane composed of microorganisms inhabiting the filter medium layer has a specific gravity similar to that of water, and can exist in a suspended state in the treated water or raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less. It is a biological membrane composed of microorganisms inhabiting a carrier that serves as a living place formed of a porous body, and is a first and second biological membrane that is present in a large number of fluid states in the water of a filtration pond. The treated water or the raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less is brought into contact with the water, and then an electrolysis device (electrolytic device) is provided in the water of the filtration pond so that the vertical direction of the water can be arbitrarily selected. The above water purification device to which a microporous physical microfiltration step is added as the next step of the filtration pond. A water purification device that purifies treated water that has been treated to reduce turbidity or raw water with a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less, and is a biofilm provided in a filtration pond.
The first is a biological membrane formed by inhabiting microorganisms on the outer surface of a container-shaped vertical frame structure and various single-layer or multi-layers housed in the structure (because it is a container). The second biological membrane composed of microorganisms inhabiting the filter medium layer has a specific gravity similar to that of water, and can exist in a suspended state in the treated water or raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less. It is a biological membrane composed of microorganisms inhabiting a carrier that serves as a biological residence formed of a porous body, and is a first and second biological membrane that is present in a large number of fluid states in the water of a filtration pond. The treated water or the raw water having a turbidity concentration of 10 mg / l or less is brought into contact with the water, and then an electrolysis device (electrolytic device) is provided in the water of the filtration pond so that the vertical direction of the water can be arbitrarily selected. A microporous physical precision filtration step is added as the next step of the filtration pond, and then after the microporous physical precision filtration step and at the entrance of the microporous physical precision filtration step, for disinfection purposes. The above water purification device equipped with an electrolytic device that generates chlorine Regarding claim 2, instead of the electrolyzer at the entrance of the microporous physical microfiltration process, the function of the electrolyzer as an oxygen supply means was replaced by watering by a pump, underwater cavitation, or micro bubbling (of air). Water purification equipment Regarding claim 3, instead of the electrolyzer at the entrance of the microporous physical microfiltration process, the water purification device is directly replaced by chlorine injection as a substitute for the function of the electrolyzer as a disinfecting means. Regarding claim 3, instead of the electrolyzer at the entrance of the microporous physical microfiltration process, the physical microfiltration device is replaced by ultrasonic cleaning as a substitute for the function of the electrolyzer as a disinfecting means. The water purification apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 using an electrolyzer equipped with LED lighting. The water purification apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 that constantly overflows the filtration pond during operation such as oxygen evolution of the electrolytic apparatus.

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