WO2015053717A2 - Mobile system for purifying and preparing drinkable water, chemical multimedia filter and operation thereof - Google Patents

Mobile system for purifying and preparing drinkable water, chemical multimedia filter and operation thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015053717A2
WO2015053717A2 PCT/SI2014/000044 SI2014000044W WO2015053717A2 WO 2015053717 A2 WO2015053717 A2 WO 2015053717A2 SI 2014000044 W SI2014000044 W SI 2014000044W WO 2015053717 A2 WO2015053717 A2 WO 2015053717A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filter
water
chemical
multimedia
multimedia filter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SI2014/000044
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2015053717A3 (en
Inventor
Matjaž THURNHERR
Original Assignee
Leu D.O.O.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leu D.O.O. filed Critical Leu D.O.O.
Publication of WO2015053717A2 publication Critical patent/WO2015053717A2/en
Publication of WO2015053717A3 publication Critical patent/WO2015053717A3/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F9/20—Portable or detachable small-scale multistage treatment devices, e.g. point of use or laboratory water purification systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
    • C02F2201/006—Cartridges
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
    • C02F2201/007—Modular design
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/008—Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/44—Time
    • C02F2209/445—Filter life
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mobile system for purifying micro-biologically and chemically contaminated water sources and preparing drinkable water, said system comprising a chemical multimedia filter, and to the operation thereof. After being processed, the water is safe for drinking. Owing to its construction and mobility, the system is particularly convenient for field use.
  • the invention pertains to the field of water and wastewater treatment, more preferably to multistage water treatment.
  • Numerous systems, or apparatuses, capable of purifying and preparing drinking water are known.
  • such systems are stationary, fixed systems, and comprise a sediment filter for separating undissolved particulates out of the water, an activated charcoal filter for removing organic and microbiological contaminants from the water, and sources of UV light for sterilization.
  • Systems may also comprise filters having various filtration membranes, such as microfiltration membranes, ultrafiltration membranes, nanofiltration membranes and reverse osmosis membranes, depending on the size of the particles to be filtered out.
  • WO2009/127034 a stationary system for purifying water by means of reverse osmosis is disclosed, intended particularly for domestic use.
  • Patent Publication No. US 2006/0219613 a stationary system, preferably comprising prefiltration and nanofiltration, is discussed, which is likewise suited for indoor water treatment .
  • the mobile water purification system of the present invention comprises a housing, a pump, a system of conduits for connecting the individual system components, a mechanical spin-down filter operating as a prefilter, an ultrafiltration module, a chemical multimedia filter, a UV sterilizer, and a microprocessor controller.
  • the system may be provided with ion exchangers, preferably upstream of the chemical multimedia filter.
  • filtration components that is modules
  • All filtration components, that is modules are self-cleaning in that they allow backwashing by means of a counter- current. This extends the life cycle of a filter, also increasing its capacity before a filter is exhausted and needs replacing or regenerating.
  • the operation of the system is fully automated, depending on the selected program which regulates the automatic cleaning of the prefilter, the cross-flow washing and the backwashing of the ultrafiltration membranes and of the chemical multimedia filter.
  • the system as a whole is enclosed in a housing which may be installed on an off-road vehicle or trailer.
  • the essential advantage of the system over other similar systems lies in its self-cleaning chemical multimedia filter, which is composed of/loaded with different media, selected case by case according to the specific type of polluted water involved. This allows the system to comprehend a range of diverse embodiments according to the type of pollution of the water source, allowing the system to be "custom-tailored”.
  • the chemical multimedia filter is loaded with a KDF (Kinetic Degradation Fluxion) filtration medium, which is essentially a redox medium, forming the top layer of the filtration media, and with activated charcoal, forming the bottom layer of the filtration media.
  • KDF Kinetic Degradation Fluxion
  • other filtration media may be added, depending on the degree and type of water pollution.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the mobile water purification system.
  • Figure 2a shows a schematic diagram of the chemical multimedia filter during regular operation.
  • Figure 2b shows a schematic diagram of the chemical multimedia filter during backwash.
  • the raw water to be purified is fed through a water inlet by means of a pump or by gravitational force into a mechanical spin-down filter 1.
  • the said filter retains sand, rust, silt and various undissolved particles over 100 microns in size.
  • the water is then led into an ultrafiltration module 2.
  • the ultrafiltration module comprises preferably two ultra- filters connected in parallel.
  • the ultra-filter is a hard, thin, selectively permeable membrane with pore sizes ranging from 1 to 20 nm, operating as a molecular sieve and capturing all molecules, including colloids, microorganisms and pyrogens over 0.01 microns in size.
  • the water is routed either through a chemical multimedia filter 3, which, in its basic embodiment, comprises a redox medium and granular activated charcoal, or directly to a UV sterilizer 4, depending on the degree and type of water pollution.
  • the redox medium separates heavy metals out of the water by oxidation and reduction, dissolved gases being also removed from the water in the process.
  • the activated charcoal through absorption and catalytic reduction, removes chlorine, unpleasant flavor and odor, coloration, chemical substances and other organic substances from the water.
  • inactivation of bacteria, viruses, and parasites is carried through—by—means - of..UV._ light
  • The_water thus .purified is then delivered to the user via the clean water outlet and is fit for consumption.
  • the system may be provided with optional ion exchangers (not shown in the picture) .
  • ion exchangers are located upstream of the chemical multimedia filter 3.
  • All filters are self-cleaning, which means they are provided with automated backwash. Additional valves allow backwash to be performed by means of a water counter- current .
  • the system is operated and controlled by a microprocessor controller 5.
  • the operating regime may be selected according to the pollution level of the water source by setting the runtime interval for the automatic cleaning, that is backwash, of the individual components. Generally, backwashing is carried out after 15, 30, or 60 minutes of regular service. The backwash process in itself takes 2 minutes and 30 seconds.
  • additional cleaning and backwashing of the individual components - forced washing - may be manually activated while the preset program selected for the anticipated pollution level is running. This means that the water purification cycle through a particular filter can be repeated a number of times, it being possible to optionally perform filter self-cleaning, that is backwashing, each single time as well.
  • the chemical filter 3 is composed of a housing 14, at the top whereof a water inflow line 6, a purified water outflow line 11, and a wash wastewater outflow line 13 are arranged.
  • the filter 3 is loaded preferably up to two thirds of its height with filtration media, the presented basic embodiment having the various filter media ordered such that the top layer consists of a KDF filtration medium 9, and is followed by activated charcoal 9a.
  • the filtration media may optionally include further filtration media, so long as the last layer consists of activated charcoal 9a as the filtration medium.
  • the water inflow line 6 transitions into a system of nozzles 7, disposed around the line 11.
  • the operation of the chemical multimedia filter comprises three stages, namely a water purification stage, a backwash stage, and a rinse stage.
  • the water enters the filter 3 through the inflow line 6.
  • the water is sprayed under pressure across, the . entire_ upper_. volume 8._.of. _the_._filter..3.
  • the sprayed water droplets then seep through the KDF filtration medium 9 and through the layer of activated charcoal 9a.
  • the purified water then enters into the strainer 10 and through the purified water outflow line 11 exits from the filter 3.
  • Backwash is performed with purified water.
  • the water flow is forcedly changed by means of valves (not shown) .
  • the purified water enters the filter 3 through the purified water outflow line 11 and subsequently through the strainer 10 into the filtration media 9, 9a.
  • the water pressure causes all the filtration media situated within the filter 3 to lift and fluidize. This gives rise to friction among the material particles making up the filtration media, the entrapped impurities being removed from the surface of the particles as a result.
  • the "level" of the filtration media rises, which is why it is important that the upper volume 8 of the filter 3 be empty.
  • the water with particulate impurities enters into the wash line 13 through the system of nozzles 7 and leaves the system via the dirty water outlet. Due to their different densities, the filtration media 9, 9a remain stratified during backwash.
  • Backwash of the filter 3 is followed by the rinse stage, shown in Figure 2c, primarily in order for the filter 3 to revert to a normal state, that is for the filtration media to resettle.
  • the process is the same as in the water purification stage, with the distinction being that the "purified" water spent for rinsing is disposed of, being drained from the system via the wash wastewater outflow line 13 and via the dirty water outlet.
  • the system of the invention has the following advantages: - preparation of water without using chemicals,

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a mobile system for purifying micro-biologically and chemically contaminated water sources and preparing drinkable water, said system comprising a chemical multimedia filter, and to the operation thereof. After being processed, the water is safe for drinking. Owing to its construction and mobility, the system is particularly convenient for field use. The mobile water purification system of the present invention comprises a housing, a pump, a system of conduits for interconnecting the individual system components, a mechanical spin-down filter operating as a prefilter, an ultrafiltration module, a chemical multimedia filter, a UV sterilizer, and a microprocessor controller. Optionally, the system may be provided with ion exchangers, preferably upstream of the chemical multimedia filter. The essential advantage of the system over other similar systems lies in its self-cleaning chemical multimedia filter, which is composed of/loaded with different media, selected case by case according to the specific type of polluted water involved. This allows the system to comprehend a range of diverse embodiments according to the type of pollution of the water source, allowing the system to be "custom-tailored". All filtration components, that is modules, are self-cleaning in that they allow backwashing by means of a counter-current. This extends the life cycle of a filter, also increasing its capacity before a filter is exhausted and needs replacing or regenerating.

Description

Mobile System for Purifying and Preparing Drinkable Water, Chemical Multimedia Filter and Operation thereof
The present invention relates to a mobile system for purifying micro-biologically and chemically contaminated water sources and preparing drinkable water, said system comprising a chemical multimedia filter, and to the operation thereof. After being processed, the water is safe for drinking. Owing to its construction and mobility, the system is particularly convenient for field use. The invention pertains to the field of water and wastewater treatment, more preferably to multistage water treatment.
Access to clean, safe water is of vital importance. Oftentimes, particularly in emergency situations, such as major natural disasters or wartimes, it may happen that adequate water sources providing safe drinking water may not be available. Only natural water resources may be accessible, such as lakes, rivers, streams, rainfall, which, however, are usually micro-biologically as well as chemically contaminated. Likewise, it may also happen that water from the water supply network may be unfit for consumption and has to be purified prior to being utilized. Accordingly, a need has arisen for a suitable system that will ensure adequate purification of such waters, so that users may be provided and supplied with safe drinking water under any circumstances. Given that the system must be capable of operating in remote areas where electric energy is not always available and must also ensure a high enough system capacity, it was an object of the invention to define a system that would provide optimal balance between high efficiency, system portability, low energy consumption and high quality of purified water.
Numerous systems, or apparatuses, capable of purifying and preparing drinking water, are known. Typically, such systems are stationary, fixed systems, and comprise a sediment filter for separating undissolved particulates out of the water, an activated charcoal filter for removing organic and microbiological contaminants from the water, and sources of UV light for sterilization. Systems may also comprise filters having various filtration membranes, such as microfiltration membranes, ultrafiltration membranes, nanofiltration membranes and reverse osmosis membranes, depending on the size of the particles to be filtered out. In Patent Publication No. WO2009/127034 a stationary system for purifying water by means of reverse osmosis is disclosed, intended particularly for domestic use. In Patent Publication No. US 2006/0219613 a stationary system, preferably comprising prefiltration and nanofiltration, is discussed, which is likewise suited for indoor water treatment .
During various natural disasters and in remote areas, where a water supply network may be nonexistent or damaged, and electric energy needed for a water purification system to operate may not always be available, drinkable water can only be_ effectively provided._fr.om_ natural ..water resources. For such contingencies, the inventive mobile system with chemical multimedia filter was developed. The mobile water purification system of the present invention comprises a housing, a pump, a system of conduits for connecting the individual system components, a mechanical spin-down filter operating as a prefilter, an ultrafiltration module, a chemical multimedia filter, a UV sterilizer, and a microprocessor controller. Optionally, the system may be provided with ion exchangers, preferably upstream of the chemical multimedia filter.
Individual filtration components, that is modules, are implemented in the form of cartridges which enables them to be easily combined depending on the specific type of pollution and easily replaced once exhausted. All filtration components, that is modules, are self-cleaning in that they allow backwashing by means of a counter- current. This extends the life cycle of a filter, also increasing its capacity before a filter is exhausted and needs replacing or regenerating.
The operation of the system is fully automated, depending on the selected program which regulates the automatic cleaning of the prefilter, the cross-flow washing and the backwashing of the ultrafiltration membranes and of the chemical multimedia filter.
The system as a whole is enclosed in a housing which may be installed on an off-road vehicle or trailer.
The essential advantage of the system over other similar systems lies in its self-cleaning chemical multimedia filter, which is composed of/loaded with different media, selected case by case according to the specific type of polluted water involved. This allows the system to comprehend a range of diverse embodiments according to the type of pollution of the water source, allowing the system to be "custom-tailored".
In its basic embodiment, the chemical multimedia filter is loaded with a KDF (Kinetic Degradation Fluxion) filtration medium, which is essentially a redox medium, forming the top layer of the filtration media, and with activated charcoal, forming the bottom layer of the filtration media. Optionally, other filtration media may be added, depending on the degree and type of water pollution.
The invention shall be now presented more elaborately with reference to the enclosed drawings.
Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the mobile water purification system.
Figure 2a shows a schematic diagram of the chemical multimedia filter during regular operation.
Figure 2b shows a schematic diagram of the chemical multimedia filter during backwash.
- Figure-—2c_ -shows a- .. schematic diagram, of-., the chemical multimedia filter during rinse wash.
The raw water to be purified is fed through a water inlet by means of a pump or by gravitational force into a mechanical spin-down filter 1. The said filter retains sand, rust, silt and various undissolved particles over 100 microns in size.
The water is then led into an ultrafiltration module 2. The ultrafiltration module comprises preferably two ultra- filters connected in parallel. The ultra-filter is a hard, thin, selectively permeable membrane with pore sizes ranging from 1 to 20 nm, operating as a molecular sieve and capturing all molecules, including colloids, microorganisms and pyrogens over 0.01 microns in size. By ultrafiltration, a complete primary disinfection of water is achieved without adding any disinfectants whatsoever.
Subsequently, the water is routed either through a chemical multimedia filter 3, which, in its basic embodiment, comprises a redox medium and granular activated charcoal, or directly to a UV sterilizer 4, depending on the degree and type of water pollution. The redox medium separates heavy metals out of the water by oxidation and reduction, dissolved gases being also removed from the water in the process. The activated charcoal, through absorption and catalytic reduction, removes chlorine, unpleasant flavor and odor, coloration, chemical substances and other organic substances from the water. In the UV sterilizer 4, inactivation of bacteria, viruses, and parasites is carried through—by—means - of..UV._ light The_water thus .purified is then delivered to the user via the clean water outlet and is fit for consumption. If dissolved salts are to be separated out of the water, the system may be provided with optional ion exchangers (not shown in the picture) . Preferably, ion exchangers are located upstream of the chemical multimedia filter 3.
All filters are self-cleaning, which means they are provided with automated backwash. Additional valves allow backwash to be performed by means of a water counter- current .
The system is operated and controlled by a microprocessor controller 5. On the controller, the operating regime may be selected according to the pollution level of the water source by setting the runtime interval for the automatic cleaning, that is backwash, of the individual components. Generally, backwashing is carried out after 15, 30, or 60 minutes of regular service. The backwash process in itself takes 2 minutes and 30 seconds. If the water source exceeds the anticipated pollution levels, additional cleaning and backwashing of the individual components - forced washing - may be manually activated while the preset program selected for the anticipated pollution level is running. This means that the water purification cycle through a particular filter can be repeated a number of times, it being possible to optionally perform filter self-cleaning, that is backwashing, each single time as well. Once the additional _ -backwash_is__ f.i.nish.ed,.__the_devi.ce_rever.ts _to. the previously selected operating regime.
Hereinafter the composition and the operation of the basic embodiment of the chemical multimedia filter is described. In its basic embodiment, the chemical filter 3 is composed of a housing 14, at the top whereof a water inflow line 6, a purified water outflow line 11, and a wash wastewater outflow line 13 are arranged. The filter 3 is loaded preferably up to two thirds of its height with filtration media, the presented basic embodiment having the various filter media ordered such that the top layer consists of a KDF filtration medium 9, and is followed by activated charcoal 9a. The filtration media may optionally include further filtration media, so long as the last layer consists of activated charcoal 9a as the filtration medium. The purified water outflow line 11, extending along the entire length of the filter 3 and positioned at the center of the filter 3, forms a strainer 10 at the bottom of the filter 3. In the upper volume 8 of the filter 3, along its entire length, the water inflow line 6 transitions into a system of nozzles 7, disposed around the line 11.
The operation of the chemical multimedia filter comprises three stages, namely a water purification stage, a backwash stage, and a rinse stage.
In the water purification stage, the water enters the filter 3 through the inflow line 6. Through the upper system of nozzles 7 the water is sprayed under pressure across, the . entire_ upper_. volume 8._.of. _the_._filter..3. The sprayed water droplets then seep through the KDF filtration medium 9 and through the layer of activated charcoal 9a. The purified water then enters into the strainer 10 and through the purified water outflow line 11 exits from the filter 3.
Backwash is performed with purified water. In the backwash stage, shown in Figure 2b, the water flow is forcedly changed by means of valves (not shown) . The purified water enters the filter 3 through the purified water outflow line 11 and subsequently through the strainer 10 into the filtration media 9, 9a. The water pressure causes all the filtration media situated within the filter 3 to lift and fluidize. This gives rise to friction among the material particles making up the filtration media, the entrapped impurities being removed from the surface of the particles as a result. During backwash, the "level" of the filtration media rises, which is why it is important that the upper volume 8 of the filter 3 be empty. The water with particulate impurities enters into the wash line 13 through the system of nozzles 7 and leaves the system via the dirty water outlet. Due to their different densities, the filtration media 9, 9a remain stratified during backwash.
Backwash of the filter 3 is followed by the rinse stage, shown in Figure 2c, primarily in order for the filter 3 to revert to a normal state, that is for the filtration media to resettle. The process is the same as in the water purification stage, with the distinction being that the "purified" water spent for rinsing is disposed of, being drained from the system via the wash wastewater outflow line 13 and via the dirty water outlet.
The system of the invention has the following advantages: - preparation of water without using chemicals,
- ease of use and maintenance,
- mobility,
- the possibility of selecting a suitable program, and of combining various filtration components according to the specific issues of the water source,
- automated cross-flow wash and backwash, ensuring a longer lifespan,
- good and optimal operation even under heavy load.

Claims

Patent Claims
1. Mobile system for purifying and preparing drinkable water, comprising a housing, a pump, a system of conduits for interconnecting the individual system components, a mechanical spin-down filter, an ultrafiltration module and a UV sterilizer, characterized in that it further comprises a chemical multimedia filter (3), the said mechanical spin-down filter (1), ultrafiltration UV module (2) and chemical multimedia filter (3) being self-cleaning .
2. Mobile system for purifying and preparing drinkable water according to Claim 1, characterized in that the chemical multimedia filter (3) is composed of different media depending on the type of water pollution, the chemical multimedia filter (3) being preferably loaded with a KDF filtration medium (9), which is basically a redox medium, and with activated charcoal ( 9a ) .
3. Mobile system for purifying and preparing drinkable water according to the foregoing Claims, characterized in that it can further comprise optional ion exchangers, preferably located upstream of the chemical multimedia filter (3).
4. Mobile system for purifying and preparing drinkable water according to the foregoing Claims, characterized in that individual components are implemented in the form of cartridges in order to be easily combined according to the type of pollution and easily replaced once exhausted. Chemical multimedia filter (3), composed of a housing (14) having a water inflow line (6), a purified water outflow line (11), and a wash wastewater outflow line (13) arranged at the top, characterized in that it is loaded preferably up to two thirds of its height with filtration media, whereof the top layer consists of a KDF filtration medium (9), followed by a layer of activated charcoal (9a), and has a purified water outflow line (11) extending along the entire length of the filter (3) and positioned at the center of the filter (3), a strainer (10) being formed at the bottom of the filter (3), while in the upper ' volume (8) of the filter (3), along its entire length, the water inflow line (6) transitions into a system of nozzles (7), disposed around the purified water outflow line (11) ·
Chemical multimedia filter (3) according to Claim 5, characterized in that the filtration media comprise further filtration media, the last, which is to say the bottom, layer thereof being a layer of activated charcoal ( 9a ) .
Operating method of a chemical multimedia filter (3) according to Claims 5 and 6, characterized in that it comprises a water purification stage, a backwash stage and a rinse stage.
Operating method of a chemical multimedia filter (3) according—to—Claim—7-,—characterized_in- that , - in the water purification stage, the water enters the filter (3) through the inflow line (6), after which the water is sprayed under pressure through the upper system of nozzles (7) across the entire upper volume (8) of the filter (3), the sprayed water droplets then seeping through the KDF filtration medium (9) and through the layer of activated charcoal (9a), whereupon the purified water enters through the strainer (10) and exits from the filter (3) via the purified water outflow line ( 11 ) .
9. Operating method of a chemical multimedia filter (3) according to Claim 7, characterized in that, in the backwash stage, the purified water enters the filter (3) through the purified water outflow line (11) and subsequently through the strainer (10) into the filtration media (9, 9a), the water pressure causing all the filtration media (9, 9a) situated within the filter (3) to lift and fluidize, giving rise to friction among the material particles forming the filtration media, the entrapped impurities are removed from the surface of the particles, the water with particulate dirt enters into the wash line (13) through the system of nozzles (7) and leaves the system via the dirty water outlet, while the filtration media (9, 9a) remain stratified due to their different densities.
10. Operating method of a chemical multimedia filter (3) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the rinse stage is the same as the water purification stage, with the distinction being that the water spent for rinsing is disposed of and_dr.ained_.through . the wash wastewater outflow line (13).
PCT/SI2014/000044 2013-10-11 2014-08-01 Mobile system for purifying and preparing drinkable water, chemical multimedia filter and operation thereof WO2015053717A2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107117727A (en) * 2016-02-25 2017-09-01 天津水杯子净水科技有限公司 It is a kind of new without the Instant heating type Drinking fountain of waste water nanofiltration molecular sieve
WO2017143608A1 (en) * 2016-02-27 2017-08-31 胡秀娟 Water purifier
CN108249656A (en) * 2018-02-08 2018-07-06 刘肖俊 A kind of municipal drainage system that can effectively reduce sewage treatment load
CN113015690A (en) * 2018-12-07 2021-06-22 三星电子株式会社 Water purifier and control method thereof
CN113015690B (en) * 2018-12-07 2024-03-08 三星电子株式会社 Water purifier and control method thereof
US20230132622A1 (en) * 2021-10-21 2023-05-04 Wahaso - Water Harvesting Solutions Greywater treatment system

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