SI24500A - Mobile cleaning system for drink water preparation, chemical multimedia filter and functioning thereof - Google Patents
Mobile cleaning system for drink water preparation, chemical multimedia filter and functioning thereof Download PDFInfo
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- SI24500A SI24500A SI201300328A SI201300328A SI24500A SI 24500 A SI24500 A SI 24500A SI 201300328 A SI201300328 A SI 201300328A SI 201300328 A SI201300328 A SI 201300328A SI 24500 A SI24500 A SI 24500A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010013911 Dysgeusia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002510 pyrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F9/20—Portable or detachable small-scale multistage treatment devices, e.g. point of use or laboratory water purification systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
- C02F2201/006—Cartridges
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
- C02F2201/007—Modular design
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/008—Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/44—Time
- C02F2209/445—Filter life
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
Abstract
Izum se nanaša na mobilni sistem za čiščenje mikrobiološko in kemično onesnaženih vodnih virov in pripravo pitne vode, ki vključuje kemijski multimedijski filter in na delovanje le-tega. Po obdelavi je voda primerna za pitje. Zaradi svoje konstrukcije in mobilnosti je sistem primeren predvsem za uporabo na terenu. Mobilni sitem za čiščenje vode po izumu vključuje ohišje, črpalko, sistem cevovodov za povezavo med posameznimi komponentami sistema, mehanski spin-down filter, ki deluje kot predfilter,ultrafiltracijski modul, kemični multimedijski filter, UV sterilizator in mikroprocesorski krmilnik. Opcijsko se lahko v sistem vključi tudi ionske izmenjevalce in sicer prednostno pred kemični multimedijski filter. Bistvena prednost sistema pred ostalimi podobnimi sistem je v samočistilnem kemičnem multimedijskem filtru, ki je sestavljen/polnjen iz različnih medijev, ki se jih vsakokrat izbere glede na tip onesnažene vode. To omogoča različne izvedbe sistema glede na vrsto onesnaženosti vodnega vira,torej omogoča izvedbo sistema "po naročilu". Vse filtracijske komponente oziroma moduli so samočistilni, in sicer je omogočeno povratno izpiranje z obratnim tokom. Na ta način je življenska doba posameznih filtrov daljša, večja je tudi kapaciteta predno se filter iztroši in ga je potrebno zamenjati oziroma regenerirati.The invention relates to a mobile system for the purification of microbiologically and chemically contaminated aquatic resources and the preparation of drinking water, which includes a chemical multimedia filter and its operation. After treatment, water is suitable for drinking. Due to its construction and mobility, the system is especially suitable for use on the ground. The mobile water purification system according to the invention includes a housing, a pump, a piping system for connecting between the individual components of the system, a mechanical spin-down filter that acts as a prefilter, an ultrafiltration module, a chemical multimedia filter, an UV sterilizer, and a microprocessor controller. Optionally, ion exchangers may also be included in the system, preferably preferably in front of a chemical multimedia filter. The essential advantage of the system in front of other similar systems is in a self-cleaning chemical multimedia filter composed / filled from various media, which are selected each time according to the type of contaminated water. This allows for different system performance depending on the type of pollution of the water source, thus allowing the implementation of the "order-based" system. All the filtration components or modules are self-cleaning, with reverse flow reversing enabled. In this way, the lifetime of individual filters is longer, the capacity is even higher before the filter is exhausted and needs to be replaced or regenerated.
Description
Mobilni sistem za čiščenje in pripravo pitne vode, kemijski multimedijski filter in delovanje le-tegaMobile system for purification and treatment of drinking water, chemical multimedia filter and its operation
Izum se nanaša na mobilni sistem za čiščenje mikrobiološko in kemično onesnaženih vodnih virov in pripravo pitne vode, ki vključuje kemijski multimedijski filter in na delovanje le-tega. Po obdelavi je voda primerna za pitje. Zaradi svoje konstrukcije in mobilnosti je sistem primeren predvsem za uporabo na terenu. Izum spada na področje obdelave vode in odpadnih vod, bolj prednostno na večstopenjsko obdelavo vode.The invention relates to a mobile system for the purification of microbiologically and chemically contaminated water sources and the preparation of drinking water, which includes a chemical multimedia filter and its operation. After treatment, the water is suitable for drinking. Due to its construction and mobility, the system is particularly suitable for field use. The invention relates to the field of water and wastewater treatment, more preferably to multi-stage water treatment.
Dostop do čiste in neoporečne vode je življenskega pomena. Velikokrat se zgodi, da predvsem v izrednih razmerah, kot na primer ob večjih naravnih katastrofah ali v vojnem času, ni na razpolago primernega vodnega vira, ki bi zagotavljal neoporečno pitno vodo. Na voljo so le naravni vodni viri, kot na primer jezera, reke, potoki, deževnica, ki pa so ponavadi tako mikrobiološko kot kemično onesnaženi. Ravno tako se lahko zgodi, da je tudi voda iz vodovodnega omrežja lahko oporečna in jo je potrebno pred uporabo ustrezno očistiti. Zato se je pokazala potreba po primernem sistemu, ki bi zagotavljal ustrezno čiščenje teh voda z namenom zagotavljanja in oskrbovanja porabnikov z neoporečno pitno vodo v vseh razmerah. Glede na to, da mora biti sistem primeren za delovanje na oddaljenih območjih, kjer ni vedno na voljo električne energije in da je potrebno zagotoviti dovolj visoko kapaciteto sistema, je bil eden od vidikov izuma definirati sistem, ki zagotavlja optimalno razmerje med visokim izkoristkom, prenosljivostjo sistema, nizko energijsko porabo in visoke kvalitete očiščene vode.Access to clean and unrivaled water is vital. It is often the case that, notably in an emergency, such as in the event of major natural disasters or in times of war, a suitable water source is not available to provide safe drinking water. Only natural water resources are available, such as lakes, rivers, streams, rainwater, which are usually both microbiologically and chemically contaminated. It can also be the case that water from the water supply network can be challenged and must be properly cleaned before use. Therefore, there was a need for an adequate system to ensure proper treatment of these waters in order to provide and supply consumers with safe drinking water in all conditions. Considering that the system must be suitable for operation in remote areas where electricity is not always available and that a sufficiently high system capacity is required, it was one aspect of the invention to define a system that provides an optimal ratio of high efficiency, portability system, low energy consumption and high quality purified water.
Obstaja več sistemov oziroma naprav, ki so primerni za čiščenje in pripravo pitne vode. Sistemi so običajno stacionarni, fiksni sistemi, ki vključujejo sedimentni filter za odstranjevanje neraztopljenih delcev iz vode, filter iz aktivnega oglja za odstranjevanje organskih in mikrobioloških nečistoč iz vode in vire UV svetlobe za sterilizacijo. Sistemi lahko vključujejo tudi filtre z različnimi filtracijskimi membranami, kot so mikrofiltracijske membrane, ultrafiltracijske membrane, nano filtracijske membrane in membrane z reverzno osmozo, odvisno od velikosti delcev, ki jih želimo odstraniti. V patentni prijavi št. VV02009/127034 je predstavljen stacionaren sistem za čiščenje vode prednostno v gospodinjstvih, ki uporablja reverzno osmozo. V patentni prijavi št. US 2006/0219613 je predstavljen stacionaren sistem, ki vključuje prednosto predfiltracijo in nanofiltracijo in je ravno tako primeren za čiščenje vode v stavbah.There are several systems or devices that are suitable for the purification and treatment of drinking water. Systems are typically stationary, fixed systems that include a sediment filter to remove undissolved particles from water, a activated carbon filter to remove organic and microbial impurities from water, and UV light sources for sterilization. Systems can also include filters with different filtration membranes, such as microfiltration membranes, ultrafiltration membranes, nano filtration membranes and reverse osmosis membranes, depending on the particle size we want to remove. In patent application no. VV02009 / 127034 presents a stationary household water treatment system preferably using reverse osmosis. In patent application no. US 2006/0219613 presents a stationary system incorporating the advantage of prefiltration and nanofiltration and is also suitable for water treatment in buildings.
Ob raznih elementarnih nesrečah in na oddaljenih področjih, kjer ni na voljo vodovodnega omrežja oziroma je vodovodno omrežje poškodovano in ni vedno na voljo električne energije, ki je potrebna za delovanje sistema za čiščenje vode, se lako učinkovita preskrba s pitno vodo zagotovi le iz naravnih vodnih virov. Za take primere je bil razvit mobilni sistem s kemičnim multimedijskim filtrom po izumu.In the case of various natural disasters and in remote areas where there is no water supply network or the water supply network is damaged and electricity is not always available for the operation of the water treatment system, easy drinking water supply is guaranteed only from natural water supply systems. sources. In such cases, a mobile system with a chemical multimedia filter according to the invention was developed.
Mobilni sitem za čiščenje vode po izumu vključuje ohišje, črpalko, sistem cevovodov za povezavo med posameznimi komponentami sistema, mehanski spin-down filter, ki deluje kot predfilter, ultrafiltracijski modul, kemični multimedijski filter, UV sterilizator in mikroprocesorski krmilnik. Opcijsko se lahko v sistem vključi tudi ionske izmenjevalce in sicer prednostno pred kemični multimedijski filter.The mobile water purification system of the invention includes a housing, a pump, a pipeline system for interconnecting system components, a mechanical spin-down filter that acts as a pre-filter, an ultrafiltration module, a chemical multimedia filter, a UV sterilizer and a microprocessor controller. Optionally, ion exchangers can be integrated into the system, preferably over a chemical multimedia filter.
Posamezne filtracijske komponente oziroma moduli so izvedene kot kartuše, kar omogoča njihovo enostavno kombiniranje glede na vrsto onesnaženja in njihovo enostavno zamenjavo ob iztrošenosti. Vse filtracijske komponente oziroma moduli so samočistilni, in sicer je omogočeno povratno izpiranje z obratnim tokom. Na ta način je življenska doba posameznih filtrov daljša, večja je tudi kapaciteta, predno se filter iztroši in ga je potrebno zamenjati oziroma regenerirati.The individual filtration components or modules are designed as cartridges, which makes it easy to combine them according to the type of contamination and to replace them easily when worn out. All filtration components or modules are self-cleaning, with backflow rinsing. In this way, the life of individual filters is longer, the capacity is also greater before the filter is worn out and needs to be replaced or regenerated.
Sistem deluje popolnoma avtomatsko, glede na izbrani program, ki poskrbi za avtomatsko čiščenje predfiltra, prečno in povratno izpiranje ultrafiltracijskih membran in kemičnega multimedijskega filtra.The system works completely automatically, according to the selected program, which provides for automatic pre-filter cleaning, transverse and backwashing of ultrafiltration membranes and chemical multimedia filter.
Celoten sistem se nahaja v ohišju, ki je lahko nameščeno na terenskem vozilu ali prikolici.The entire system is housed in an enclosure that can be mounted on an off-road vehicle or trailer.
Bistvena prednost sistema pred ostalimi podobnimi sistem je v samočistilnem kemičnem multimedijskem filtru, ki je sestavljen/polnjen iz različnih medijev, ki se jih vsakokrat izbere glede na tip onesnažene vode. To omogoča različne izvedbe • ·The essential advantage of the system over other similar systems is in the self-cleaning chemical multimedia filter, which is composed / filled with different media, each selected according to the type of contaminated water. This allows for different implementations • ·
sistema glede na vrsto onesnaženosti vodnega vira, torej omogoča izvedbo sistema »po naročilu«.The system, depending on the type of pollution of the water source, therefore enables the implementation of the system "on request".
V osnovni verziji je kemični multimedijski filter polnjen s filtracijskim medijem KDF (Kinetic Degradation Fluxion), ki je v osnovi redox medij, in tvori zgornji sloj filtracijskih medijev, in aktivnim ogljem, ki tvori spodnji sloj filtracijskih medijev. Opcijsko se lahko dodaja še druge filtracijske medije, glede na stopnjo in tip onesneženosti vode.In the basic version, the chemical multimedia filter is filled with KDF (Kinetic Degradation Fluxion), which is basically a redox medium, which forms the upper layer of filtration media, and activated charcoal that forms the lower layer of filtration media. Optionally, other filtration media may be added depending on the degree and type of water contamination.
Izum bo podrobneje predstavljen na skicah.The invention will be presented in more detail in the drawings.
Skica 1 predstavlja shematičen prikaz mobilnega sistema za čiščenje vodeFigure 1 is a schematic illustration of a mobile water treatment system
Skica 2a predstavlja shematičen prikaz kemičnega multimedijskega filtra pri normalnem delovanjuFigure 2a is a schematic representation of a chemical multimedia filter in normal operation
Skica 2b predstavlja shematičen prikaz kemičnega multimedijskega filtra med povratnim izpiranjemFigure 2b is a schematic representation of a chemical multimedia filter during backwash
Sklica 2c predstavlja shematičen prikaz kemičnega multimedijskega filtra med splakovanjem.Reference 2c is a schematic representation of a chemical multimedia filter during flushing.
Vodo, ki jo želimo očistiti, se skozi vhod vode preko črpalke ali pa s pomočjo gravitacije dovaja v mehanski spin down filter 1. Ta zadrži pesek, rjo, mulj in različne neraztopljene delce večje od 100 mikronov.The water to be purified is fed through a water inlet via a pump or through gravity into a mechanical spin down filter 1. This retains sand, rust, sludge and various undissolved particles larger than 100 microns.
Voda se nato vodi v ultrafiltracijski modul 2. Ultrafiltracijski modul vključuje prednostno dva vzporedno vezana ultrafiltra. Ultrafilter je trda, tanka, selektivno propustna membrana z velikostjo por od 1 do 20 nm, ki deluje kot molekularno sito in zadrži vse molekule, vključno koloide, mikroorganizme in pirogene, večje od 0,01 mikrona. Z ultrafiltracijo je dosežena popolna primarna dezinfekcija vode brez vsakršnega dodajanja dezinfekcijskih sredstev.The water is then guided to the ultrafiltration module 2. The ultrafiltration module preferably comprises two parallel coupled ultrafilters. The ultrafilter is a hard, thin, selectively permeable membrane with a pore size of 1 to 20 nm that acts as a molecular sieve, holding all molecules, including colloids, microorganisms, and pyrogens, larger than 0.01 microns. Ultrafiltration achieves complete primary water disinfection without any disinfectant added.
Nato se voda vodi ali skozi kemični multimedijski filter 3, ki v osnovni izvedbi vsebuje redox medij in aktivno oglje v zrnih ali pa se vodi direktno v UV sterilizator 4, odvisno od stopnje in vrste onesnaženosti vode. Redox medij odstrani iz vode težke kovine z oksidacijo in redukcijo, obenem pa se iz vode odstranijo tudi raztopljeni plini. Aktivno oglje z absorbcijo in katalitičnim zmanjševanjem odstranjuje iz vode klor, slab okus in vonj, barvo, kemične substance in ostale organske snovi. V UV sterilizatorju 4 se z UV svetlobo izvede inaktivacija bakterij, virusov in parazitov. Tako očiščena voda se nato preko izhoda čiste vode dovaja uporabniku in je primerna za pitje.The water is then run either through a chemical multimedia filter 3 containing, in the basic embodiment, a redox medium and activated carbon in the grains or directly into a UV sterilizer 4, depending on the degree and type of water contamination. Redox medium removes heavy metals from water by oxidation and reduction, while dissolved gases are removed from the water. Activated charcoal removes chlorine, bad taste and odor, color, chemicals and other organic substances through absorption and catalytic reduction. In UV sterilizer 4, UV inactivation of bacteria, viruses and parasites is carried out. The water thus purified is then supplied to the user via a clean water outlet and is suitable for drinking.
V kolikor je potrebno iz vode odstraniti raztopljene soli, se opcijsko v sistem lahko vključi ionske izmenjevalce, ki na sliki niso predstavljeni. Ionske izmenjevalce se prednostno v sistem vključi pred kemični multimedijski filter 3.If dissolved salts are to be removed from the water, ion exchangers which are not shown in the figure may optionally be incorporated into the system. Preferably, ion exchangers are integrated into the system over a chemical multimedia filter 3.
Vsi filtri so samočistilni, kar pomeni da imajo avtomatsko povratno izpiranje. Preko dodatnih ventilov je omogočeno povratno izpiranje z obratnim tokom vode.All filters are self-cleaning, which means they have automatic backwash. Additional valves allow backwash with reverse water flow.
Sistem vodi in nadzira mikroprocesorski krmilnik 5. Na krmilniku je možno izbirati način delovanja glede na onesnaženost vodnega vira z nastavitvijo časovnega intervala samodejnega čiščenja oziroma povratnega izpiranja posameznih komponent. Običajno se povratno izpiranje izvede po 15, 30 ali 60 minutah normalnega obratovanja. Sam postopek povratnega izpiranja pa traja 2 minuti in 30 sekund. V kolikor vodni vir presega pričakovano onesnaženost, se lahko z ročnim posegom med trajanjem predhodno nastavljenega programa izbranega za predvideno onesnaženost, vključi še dodatno čiščenje in izpiranje posameznih komponent - prisilno spiranje. To pomeni, da se lahko cikel čiščenja vode skozi posamezni filter večkrat ponovi, pri čemer se opcijsko lahko vsakokrat izvede tudi samočiščenje oziroma povratno izpiranje filtra. Ko se dodatno izpiranje konča, se naprava vrne v režim delovanja, ki je bil predhodno izbran.The system is controlled and controlled by the microprocessor controller 5. The controller can be used to select the mode of operation depending on the pollution of the water source by setting the time interval for automatic cleaning or backwashing of the individual components. Typically, the backwash is performed after 15, 30 or 60 minutes of normal operation. The rinsing process itself takes 2 minutes and 30 seconds. To the extent that the water source exceeds the expected contamination, additional cleaning and rinsing of the individual components - forced rinsing - can be activated by manual intervention during the duration of the pre-set program selected for the anticipated pollution. This means that the cycle of water purification through the individual filter can be repeated several times, with the optional self-cleaning or backwashing of the filter. When additional rinsing is complete, the machine returns to the operating mode previously selected.
V nadaljevanju je opisana sestava in delovanje osnovne verzije kemijskega multimedijskega filtra.The following describes the composition and operation of the basic version of the chemical multimedia filter.
V osnovni verziji je kemijski filter 3 sestavljen iz ohišja 14, ki ima na vrhu nameščene cev za vstop vode 6, cev za izstop očiščene vode 11 in cev za izstop odpadne vode pri spiranju 13. Filter 3 je prednostno do višine dveh tretjin napolnjen s filtracijskimi mediji, pri čemer si v predstavljeni osnovni različici filtrni mediji sledijo tako, da je vrhni sloj filtracijski medij KDF 9, ki mu sledi aktivno oglje 9a. Opcijsko lahko filtracijski mediji vključujejo še dodatne filtracijski medije, bistveno je, da je kot zadnji sloj filtracijski medij aktivno oglje 9a. Cev za izstop očiščene vode 11, ki se nadaljuje po celotni dolžini filtra 3 in je nameščena v centru filtra 3, ima na dnu filtra 3 izoblikovano cedilo 10. V zgornjem volumnu 8 filtra 3 se po njegovi celotni dolžini cev za vstop vode 6 nadaljuje v sistem šob 7, ki so nameščene okoli cevi 11.In the basic version, the chemical filter 3 consists of a housing 14 having a water inlet hose 6 at the top, a purified water outlet hose 11, and a waste water outlet hose 13. The filter 3 is preferably filled with up to two thirds of the filtration capacity. media, the filter media being followed in the presented basic version so that the top layer is a KDF 9 filtration medium followed by activated carbon 9a. Optionally, the filtration media may include additional filtration media, it is essential that the filtration medium is activated carbon 9a as the last layer. The outlet hose 11, which extends along the entire length of the filter 3 and is located in the center of the filter 3, has a strainer 10 formed at the bottom of the filter 3. In the upper volume 8 of the filter 3, the water inlet hose 6 continues along its entire length. a system of nozzles 7 arranged around the tubes 11.
Delovanje kemijskega multimedijskega filtra obsega tri faze, in sicer fazo čiščenja vode, fazo povratnega izpiranja in fazo splakovanja.The operation of a chemical multimedia filter comprises three phases, namely the water purification phase, the backwash phase and the flush phase.
V fazi čiščenja vode, prihaja voda v filter 3 skozi vhodno cev 6. Voda se skozi zgornji sistem šob 7 pod pritiskom razprši po celotnem zgornjem volumnu 8 filtra 3. Razpršene kapljice vode nato pronicajo skozi filtracijski medij KDF 9 in preko plasti aktivnega oglja 9a. Očiščena voda nato vstopa skozi cedilo 10 in po cevi za izstop očiščene vode 11 izstopa iz filtra 3.During the water purification phase, water enters filter 3 through inlet tube 6. Water is dispersed through the upper nozzle system 7 under pressure throughout the upper volume 8 of filter 3. The dispersed water droplets are then passed through KDF filtration medium 9 and through the activated carbon layer 9a. The purified water then enters through the strainer 10 and exits the filter 3 through the discharge pipe 11.
Povratno izpiranje se izvaja z očiščeno vodo. Pri fazi povratnega izpiranja, ki je prikazana na sliki 2b, se s pomočjo ventilov, ki niso prikazani, prisilno spremeni tok vode. Očiščena voda vstopa v filter 3 skozi cev za izstop očiščene vode 11 in nato skozi cedilo 10 v filtracijke medije 9, 9a. Pritisk vode povzroči, da se vsi filtracijski mediji, ki so v filtru 3 dvignejo in fluidizirajo. Pri tem prihaja do trenja med delci materiala, ki sestavljajo filtracijske medije, kar ima za posledico, da se oprijeta nesnaga odstrani s površine delcev. Pri povratnem izpiranju se »nivo« filtracijskih medijev dvigne, zato je pomembno, da je zgornji volumen 8 filtra 3 prazen. Voda z delci nesnage vstopa skozi sistem šob 7 v cev za izpiranje 13 in preko izhoda umazane vode ven iz sistema. Filtracijski mediji 9, 9a ostanejo pri povratnem izpiranju razslojeni zaradi svojih različnih gostot.The backwash is performed with purified water. During the backwash phase shown in Figure 2b, the flow of the water is forced by means of the valves not shown. The purified water enters the filter 3 through the outlet pipe of the purified water 11 and then through the strainer 10 into the filtration media 9, 9a. Water pressure causes all filtration media contained in filter 3 to rise and fluidize. This causes friction between the particles of material that make up the filtration media, which results in the adhesion of debris being removed from the surface of the particles. When backwashing, the "level" of the filtration media rises, so it is important that the upper volume 8 of filter 3 is empty. Water with impurity particles enters through the nozzle system 7 into the flushing tube 13 and out of the dirty water out of the system. Filtration media 9, 9a remain stratified by their different densities upon backwashing.
Povratnemu izpiranju filtra 3 sledi faza splakovanja, ki je prikazana na sliki 2c, predvsem zato, da se stanje filtra 3 normalizira, da se filtrirni mediji zopet posedejo. Postopek je enak kot v fazi čiščenja vode, le da se »očiščena« voda, ki se porabi za splakovanje, zavrže, saj izstopa skozi cev za izstop odpadne vode pri spiranju 13 in preko izhoda umazane vode ven iz sistema.The backwash of filter 3 is followed by the flushing phase shown in Fig. 2c, in particular to normalize filter state 3 so that the filter media is settled again. The procedure is the same as in the water purification phase except that the "purified" water used for flushing is discarded as it exits through the waste water outlet hose when rinsing 13 and out of the dirty water.
Prednosti sistema po izumu so: - priprava vode brez kemikalijThe advantages of the system according to the invention are: - preparation of water without chemicals
- preprosta uporaba in vzdrževanje- Easy to use and maintain
- mobilnost- mobility
- možnost izbire ustreznega programa oziroma kombiniranja različnih filtrirnih komponent glede na problematiko vodnega vira- the possibility of choosing the right program or combining different filter components according to the problems of the water source
- avtomatsko prečno in povratno izpiranje, kar zagotavlja daljšo življensko dobo- automatic transverse and backwash, which ensures longer life
- dobro in optimalno delovanje tudi pri velikih obremenitvah.- Good and optimal performance even at high loads.
Claims (10)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| SI201300328A SI24500A (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2013-10-11 | Mobile cleaning system for drink water preparation, chemical multimedia filter and functioning thereof |
| PCT/SI2014/000044 WO2015053717A2 (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2014-08-01 | Mobile system for purifying and preparing drinkable water, chemical multimedia filter and operation thereof |
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| SI201300328A SI24500A (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2013-10-11 | Mobile cleaning system for drink water preparation, chemical multimedia filter and functioning thereof |
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| WO2017143608A1 (en) * | 2016-02-27 | 2017-08-31 | 胡秀娟 | Water purifier |
| CN108249656A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-06 | 刘肖俊 | A kind of municipal drainage system that can effectively reduce sewage treatment load |
| KR20200069536A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2020-06-17 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Water purifier and control method of the same |
| US20230132622A1 (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-05-04 | Wahaso - Water Harvesting Solutions | Greywater treatment system |
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| US6348155B1 (en) * | 1998-10-30 | 2002-02-19 | Waterchef, Inc. | Water purification system and method |
| US6464884B1 (en) * | 1999-08-26 | 2002-10-15 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Portable water treatment unit |
| US20060219613A1 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2006-10-05 | Scheu Richard W | Water purification system and method |
| WO2009127034A1 (en) | 2008-04-18 | 2009-10-22 | Switenky Earl M | Water purification system |
| CN102105411B (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2013-03-27 | 水安全处理公司 | Mobile water purification system and method |
| CN203048715U (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2013-07-10 | 成都市飞龙水处理技术研究所 | Precise filter with rotational-flow de-sanding device |
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