JP7233286B2 - 車両用外装部材及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
車両用外装部材及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/06—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for removing electrostatic charges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/026—Knitted fabric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
- B32B5/265—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a non-woven fabric layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
- B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
- B62D25/16—Mud-guards or wings; Wheel cover panels
- B62D25/161—Mud-guards made of non-conventional material, e.g. rubber, plastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
- B62D29/04—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of synthetic material
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
- B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B2260/023—Two or more layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
- B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
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- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/12—Conjugate fibres, e.g. core/sheath or side-by-side
- B32B2262/124—Non-woven fabric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/12—Conjugate fibres, e.g. core/sheath or side-by-side
- B32B2262/132—Knitted fabric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
- B32B2262/144—Non-woven fabric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
- B32B2262/152—Knitted fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
- B32B2264/102—Oxide or hydroxide
- B32B2264/1022—Titania
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
- B32B2264/107—Ceramic
- B32B2264/108—Carbon, e.g. graphite particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B32B2307/202—Conductive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
- B62D25/20—Floors or bottom sub-units
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Description
c=V0/(2×t1/2)
となる。ここでは、各試料片について5回の測定を行って平均したものをその試料片の電荷減衰度c、初期帯電圧V0及び半減期t1/2とした。
試験用の自動車においてその自動車のメーカ純正品として用いられているフロントアンダーカバー及びフロアアンダーカバーを取り付け、操縦安定性の評価を行い、その評価を実施例及び比較例での操縦安定性の評価の基準とした。参考例でのフロントアンダーカバー及びフロアアンダーカバーは、図1に示すように、基材層2と表皮層3とが積層して一体化した同一の素材を用いたものであり、基材層2は、ガラス繊維とPPとを質量百分率でそれぞれ50質量%含むガラス繊維マットを2層重ねたものである。各層のガラス繊維マットの目付量(単位面積当たりの質量)は550g/m2であった。表皮層3としては、PP繊維を50質量%、PET繊維を30質量%、低融点PET繊維を20質量%含むニードルパンチ不織布を用いた。表皮層3の目付量は200g/m2であった。基材層2と表皮層3とは、加熱ののち冷間プレスを行うことによって一体化している。外装部材1において表皮層3の側の表面抵抗率は高すぎて測定できず、基材層2の側の表面抵抗率は1.68×1012Ω/□であった。
図1を用いて説明した外装部材1を形成し、参考例のものと同一形状、同一寸法のフロントアンダーカバー及びフロアアンダーカバーとして試験用の自動車に取り付けて操縦安定性の評価を行った。また外装部材1から切り出した試験片に対して電荷減衰度の測定を行った。基材層2としては、参考例1と同じものを使用し、表皮層3としては、表1に示すように、導電性繊維の含有率が2%となるようにPET繊維の一部を導電性繊維に置き換えたものを使用した。表皮層3の目付量は、実施例1と同じく200g/m2であった。導電性繊維としては、芯鞘構造である三菱ケミカル社製のコアブリッド(商品名)B(繊維長38mm)を使用した。この導電性繊維は、芯部分におけるカーボン含有量は不明であるが導電繊維抵抗が4.25×10Ω・cmと小さく、芯部分の直径が約10μmで繊維全体としての直径が約20μm(3.3dtex)のものである。結果を表2に示す。実施例1の外装部材をフロントアンダーカバー及びフロアアンダーカバーとして用いることにより、参考例に比べ、操縦安定性が向上した。外装部材1において表皮層3の側の表面抵抗率は1.82×1013Ω/□であり、基材層2の側の表面抵抗率は3.10×109Ω/□であった。外装部材1の全体としての体積抵抗率は7.56×1012Ω・cmであった。
導電性繊維としてクラレ社製のクラカーボ(登録商標)KC-585S(繊維長76mm)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして外装部材1を形成し、フロントアンダーカバー及びフロアアンダーカバーとして試験用の自動車に取り付けて操縦安定性の評価を行い、また、電荷減衰度の測定を行った。ここで用いた導電性繊維は、繊維表面において周方向の4箇所に繊維の長手方向に延びるように導電体部分が形成されたものであって、導電部の直径が約4μmであり、繊維全体としての直径が約20μm(3.3dtex)のものである。またこの導電性繊維の導電繊維抵抗は3.63×102Ω・cmである。結果を表2に示す。ここで用いた導電性繊維は、実施例1のものに比べて導電繊維抵抗が大きく、その分、コロナ放電による自己除電が起こりにくくなったものと考えられる。それでも、導電性繊維を表皮層3に含まない参考例に比べ、操縦安定性はやや向上した。外装部材1において表皮層3の側の表面抵抗率は3.10×109Ω/□であり、基材層2の側の表面抵抗率は2.72×1012Ω/□であった。外装部材1の全体としての体積抵抗率は7.97×1012Ω・cmであった。
図3に示した外装部材1を形成し、参考例のものと同一形状、同一寸法のフロントアンダーカバー及びフロアアンダーカバーとして試験用の自動車に取り付けて操縦安定性の評価を行い、また、電荷減衰度の測定を行った。比較例1の外装部材1は、図1に示した外装部材1において、基材層2の車体側となる表面に帯電防止用の導電性フィルム4を配置したものである。導電性フィルム4は、基材層2と表皮層3とを一体化するための冷間プレス時に基材層2に一体化している。導電性フィルムとしては、三井・デュポンポリケミカル社製のエンティラ(登録商標)ASシリーズの品番MK400を25質量%、低融点PET樹脂を75質量%の割合で混合してフィルムに成形したものを使用した。結果を表2に示す。操縦安定性については、基準である参考例のときよりも悪化した。
2 基材層
3 表皮層
4 導電性フィルム
Claims (3)
- 車両の外装に用いられる車両用外装部材において、
ニードルパンチ不織布または編織物を含む繊維成形体を有し、
前記繊維成形体を構成する繊維に導電性繊維が含まれ、
前記繊維成形体は、繊維を含む基材層と繊維を含む表皮層とが積層されて一体化したものであって、
前記表皮層を構成する繊維に、前記導電性繊維が0.5質量%以上7.0質量%以下含まれ、
前記表皮層が路面側に面するように前記車両の車体に取り付けられることを特徴とする車両用外装部材。 - 20mmのクリアランスで10kVの印加電圧によるコロナ放電によって前記表皮層の表面を帯電させたときの前記表面の帯電圧を初期帯電圧とし、前記コロナ放電の停止後、前記表面の帯電圧が前記初期帯電圧の2分の1となるまでの時間を半減期として、前記初期帯電圧の2分の1を前記半減期で除した値である電荷減衰度が0.23kV/秒を超える、請求項1に記載の車両用外装部材。
- 車両の外装に用いられる車両用外装部材の製造方法において、
ポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維と、導電性繊維を含むポリプロピレン繊維とに対してニードルパンチ加工を施すことにより表皮層を形成する工程と、
前記表皮層と、ガラス繊維マットを含む基材層とを積層して積層体とする工程と、
前記積層体に対して加熱及び冷間プレス加工を施して所定の形状とする工程と、
を有し、
前記表皮層を構成する繊維における前記導電性繊維の含有率が0.5質量%以上7.0質量%以下であることを特徴とする、車両用外装部材の製造方法。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2019068005A JP7233286B2 (ja) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | 車両用外装部材及びその製造方法 |
US17/599,227 US20220194487A1 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-03-10 | Exterior member for vehicle and method for manufacturing the same |
PCT/JP2020/010277 WO2020203091A1 (ja) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-03-10 | 車両用外装部材及びその製造方法 |
CN202080025738.7A CN113646165A (zh) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-03-10 | 车辆用外装构件及其制造方法 |
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JP2002104106A (ja) | 2000-09-27 | 2002-04-10 | Achilles Corp | 産業車両の除電装置 |
JP2006088880A (ja) | 2004-09-24 | 2006-04-06 | Corrmann Inc | 気流剥離低減シート |
JP2006248284A (ja) | 2005-03-08 | 2006-09-21 | Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd | 外装材 |
JP3145580U (ja) | 2008-04-30 | 2008-10-16 | 卓子 杉岡 | 静電気除去パネル |
DE102015002852A1 (de) | 2015-03-05 | 2016-09-08 | Daimler Ag | Faserverstärktes Kraftfahrzeug-Sichtbauteil, Kraftfahrzeug sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
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BR9007563A (pt) * | 1989-07-27 | 1992-06-23 | Hyperion Catalysis Int | Composites e processos para sua preparacao |
JP2006240408A (ja) * | 2005-03-02 | 2006-09-14 | Hirotani:Kk | 自動車用軽量・吸音型アンダーカバー |
FR2946176A1 (fr) * | 2009-05-27 | 2010-12-03 | Arkema France | Fibre conductrice multicouche et son procede d'obtention par co-extrusion. |
JP2012245925A (ja) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-12-13 | Howa Textile Industry Co Ltd | 自動車用ボディーアンダーカバー |
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JP2002104106A (ja) | 2000-09-27 | 2002-04-10 | Achilles Corp | 産業車両の除電装置 |
JP2006088880A (ja) | 2004-09-24 | 2006-04-06 | Corrmann Inc | 気流剥離低減シート |
JP2006248284A (ja) | 2005-03-08 | 2006-09-21 | Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd | 外装材 |
JP3145580U (ja) | 2008-04-30 | 2008-10-16 | 卓子 杉岡 | 静電気除去パネル |
DE102015002852A1 (de) | 2015-03-05 | 2016-09-08 | Daimler Ag | Faserverstärktes Kraftfahrzeug-Sichtbauteil, Kraftfahrzeug sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
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US20220194487A1 (en) | 2022-06-23 |
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JP2020165053A (ja) | 2020-10-08 |
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