JP7221215B2 - 記憶装置 - Google Patents
記憶装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7221215B2 JP7221215B2 JP2019557699A JP2019557699A JP7221215B2 JP 7221215 B2 JP7221215 B2 JP 7221215B2 JP 2019557699 A JP2019557699 A JP 2019557699A JP 2019557699 A JP2019557699 A JP 2019557699A JP 7221215 B2 JP7221215 B2 JP 7221215B2
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- Prior art keywords
- transistor
- insulator
- gate
- oxide
- conductor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 103
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 37
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Ga+3] AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Description
本実施の形態では、本発明の一形態に係わる記憶装置の構成例について説明する。本発明の一形態に係わる記憶装置は、半導体特性を利用することで機能しうる記憶装置であり、メモリとも呼ばれている。
図1は、本発明の一形態に係わるメモリ100の構成例を示すブロック図である。メモリ100は、周辺回路111、およびメモリセルアレイ201を有する。周辺回路111は、ローデコーダ121、ワード線ドライバ回路122、ビット線ドライバ回路130、出力回路140、コントロールロジック回路160を有する。
図2(B)は、メモリセル211の構成例を示す回路図である。
なお、メモリセル211は、上記の構成に限られるものではない。図3(A)に示すメモリセル212は、メモリセル211の別の構成例である。
また、メモリセル212を、3トランジスタ1容量素子のゲインセル型のメモリセルとしてもよい。メモリセル212を、3トランジスタ1容量素子のゲインセル型のメモリセルとした場合の構成例を、図3(C)に示す。
図4(A)は、ワード線ドライバ回路122の構成例を示すブロック図である。
図4(B)は、回路LVBの構成例を示す回路図である。
図5は、ワード線ドライバ回路122の入出力の一例を示す図である。
ここで、低電源電位VBLは、メモリ100の温度、またはメモリ100が設置されている環境の温度に応じて、変化させることができる電位である。低電源電位VBLは、上述したように、メモリ100の外部から供給してもよいし、メモリ100内で生成してもよい。
次に、温度センサ回路52の構成例を、図8(A)乃至図8(C)に示す。
一方、メモリセル211が有するトランジスタM11に、OSトランジスタを用いた場合、トランジスタM11も図8(D)に示す性質を有する。OSトランジスタは、高温になるほどしきい値電圧がマイナスにシフトし、オン電流が増加するが、同時にサブスレッショルド係数も増大する。その結果、ソースに対するゲートの電圧Vgsが0Vの時のソースとドレインとの間に流れる電流Ids(カットオフ電流ともいう)が増加し、メモリセル211に書き込んだデータの保持時間も短くなる。
上記実施の形態で説明したメモリセル211乃至メモリセル214が有する、トランジスタM11、トランジスタM12、およびトランジスタM14は、バックゲートを有さないトランジスタとすることができる。または、上記実施の形態で説明したメモリセルアレイ201は、配線WLBを有さない構成とすることができる。本実施の形態では、上記実施の形態で説明したメモリ100の別の構成例について説明する。
図10は、メモリ101の構成例を示すブロック図である。メモリ101は、メモリセルアレイ201に替えてメモリセルアレイ202、ワード線ドライバ回路122に替えてワード線ドライバ回路123を有し、高電源電位VBHが供給されない点で、メモリ100の構成と異なる。なお、メモリ101において、メモリ100と同じ構成の部分については、メモリ100の説明を援用する。
図11(B)は、メモリセル221の構成例を示す回路図である。
図12(A)は、ワード線ドライバ回路123の構成例を示すブロック図である。
図12(B)は、回路LVCの構成例を示す回路図である。
図13は、ワード線ドライバ回路123の入出力の一例を示す図である。
メモリセル221が有するトランジスタM51にOSトランジスタを用いた場合、図8(D)において説明したように、OSトランジスタは、高温になるほどしきい値電圧がマイナスにシフトし、サブスレッショルド係数が増大する。そのため、ソースに対するゲートの電圧Vgsが0Vの時、ソースとドレインとの間に流れる電流Ids(カットオフ電流)が増加し、メモリセル221に書き込んだデータの保持時間が短くなる。
本実施の形態では、上記実施の形態で説明した周辺回路111に適用可能なSiトランジスタ、およびメモリセル211に適用可能なOSトランジスタの構成例について説明する。なお、本実施の形態では、前記SiトランジスタおよびOSトランジスタを合わせて、半導体装置と呼ぶ。
図17に示す半導体装置は、トランジスタ300と、トランジスタ500、および容量素子600を有している。図18(A)はトランジスタ500のチャネル長方向の断面図であり、図18(B)はトランジスタ500のチャネル幅方向の断面図であり、図18(C)はトランジスタ300のチャネル幅方向の断面図である。
なお、本実施の形態に示す半導体装置のトランジスタ500は、上記の構造に限られるものではない。以下、トランジスタ500に用いることができる構造例について説明する。
図19(A)、(B)および(C)を用いてトランジスタ510Aの構造例を説明する。図19(A)はトランジスタ510Aの上面図である。図19(B)は、図19(A)に一点鎖線L1-L2で示す部位の断面図である。図19(C)は、図19(A)に一点鎖線W1-W2で示す部位の断面図である。なお、図19(A)の上面図では、図の明瞭化のために一部の要素を省いて図示している。
図20(A)、(B)および(C)を用いてトランジスタ510Bの構造例を説明する。図20(A)はトランジスタ510Bの上面図である。図20(B)は、図20(A)に一点鎖線L1-L2で示す部位の断面図である。図20(C)は、図20(A)に一点鎖線W1-W2で示す部位の断面図である。なお、図20(A)の上面図では、図の明瞭化のために一部の要素を省いて図示している。
図21(A)、(B)および(C)を用いてトランジスタ510Cの構造例を説明する。図21(A)はトランジスタ510Cの上面図である。図21(B)は、図21(A)に一点鎖線L1-L2で示す部位の断面図である。図21(C)は、図21(A)に一点鎖線W1-W2で示す部位の断面図である。なお、図21(A)の上面図では、図の明瞭化のために一部の要素を省いて図示している。
図22(A)、(B)および(C)を用いてトランジスタ510Dの構造例を説明する。図22(A)はトランジスタ510Dの上面図である。図22(B)は、図22(A)に一点鎖線L1-L2で示す部位の断面図である。図22(C)は、図22(A)に一点鎖線W1-W2で示す部位の断面図である。なお、図22(A)の上面図では、図の明瞭化のために一部の要素を省いて図示している。
図23(A)乃至図23(C)を用いてトランジスタ510Eの構造例を説明する。図23(A)はトランジスタ510Eの上面図である。図23(B)は、図23(A)に一点鎖線L1-L2で示す部位の断面図である。図23(C)は、図23(A)に一点鎖線W1-W2で示す部位の断面図である。なお、図23(A)の上面図では、図の明瞭化のために一部の要素を省いて図示している。
また、図17及び図18では、ゲートとして機能する導電体560が、絶縁体580の開口の内部に形成されている構造例について説明したが、例えば、当該導電体の上方に、当該絶縁体が設けられた構造を用いることもできる。このようなトランジスタの構造例を、図24、図25に示す。
次に、OSトランジスタの電気特性について説明する。以下では一例として、第1のゲート及び第2のゲートを有するトランジスタについて説明する。第1のゲート及び第2のゲートを有するトランジスタは、第1のゲートと第2のゲートに異なる電位を印加することで、閾値電圧を制御することができる。例えば、第2のゲートに負の電位を印加することにより、トランジスタの閾値電圧を0Vより大きくし、オフ電流を低減することができる。つまり、第2のゲートに負の電位を印加することにより、第1の電極に印加する電位が0Vのときのドレイン電流を小さくすることができる。
図26(A)および図26(C)は、電気特性の評価に用いたトランジスタの断面図である。なお、図26(A)および図26(C)では、図の明瞭化のために一部の要素を省いて図示している。
図26(A)に示すトランジスタ、および図26(C)に示すトランジスタにおいて、Id-Vg特性を計算し、トランジスタの電気特性を評価した。
本実施の形態では、上記実施の形態で説明したOSトランジスタに用いることができる金属酸化物の構成について説明する。
本明細書等において、CAAC(c-axis aligned crystal)、及びCAC(Cloud-Aligned Composite)と記載する場合がある。なお、CAACは結晶構造の一例を表し、CACは機能、または材料の構成の一例を表す。
酸化物半導体は、単結晶酸化物半導体と、それ以外の非単結晶酸化物半導体と、に分けられる。非単結晶酸化物半導体としては、例えば、CAAC-OS(c-axis aligned crystalline oxide semiconductor)、多結晶酸化物半導体、nc-OS(nanocrystalline oxide semiconductor)、擬似非晶質酸化物半導体(a-like OS:amorphous-like oxide semiconductor)および非晶質酸化物半導体などがある。
続いて、上記酸化物半導体をトランジスタに用いる場合について説明する。
ここで、酸化物半導体中における各不純物の影響について説明する。
本実施の形態では、上記実施の形態で説明した記憶装置を搭載した電子機器の一例について説明する。
Claims (2)
- ドライバ回路と、複数のメモリセルと、を有する記憶装置であって、
前記メモリセルは、トランジスタと、容量素子とを有し、
前記トランジスタのソースまたはドレインの一方は、前記容量素子の一方の電極と電気的に接続され、
前記トランジスタは、チャネル形成領域に金属酸化物を有し、
前記トランジスタは、第1ゲートおよび第2ゲートを有し、
前記第1ゲートおよび前記第2ゲートは、半導体層を間に介して互いに重なる領域を有し、
前記第1ゲートと前記第2ゲートとは、異なる信号が入力され、
前記第1ゲートに入力される信号のハイレベルの電位は、前記第2ゲートに入力される信号のハイレベルの電位よりも高く、
前記第1ゲートに入力される信号のローレベルの第1電位は、前記第2ゲートに入力される信号のローレベルの第2電位よりも高く、
前記ドライバ回路は、前記第2ゲートを駆動する機能を有し、
前記第1ゲートに前記トランジスタがオフする前記第1電位を加え、前記メモリセルがデータを保持している期間において、前記ドライバ回路は、前記第2ゲートに、前記記憶装置の温度、または前記記憶装置が設置されている環境の温度に応じた、前記第2電位を出力する、記憶装置。 - 温度センサと、ドライバ回路と、複数のメモリセルと、を有する記憶装置であって、
前記温度センサは、温度情報を取得する機能を有し、
前記メモリセルは、トランジスタと、容量素子とを有し、
前記トランジスタのソースまたはドレインの一方は、前記容量素子の一方の電極と電気的に接続され、
前記トランジスタは、チャネル形成領域に金属酸化物を有し、
前記トランジスタは、第1ゲートおよび第2ゲートを有し、
前記第1ゲートおよび前記第2ゲートは、半導体層を間に介して互いに重なる領域を有し、
前記第1ゲートと前記第2ゲートとは、異なる信号が入力され、
前記第1ゲートに入力される信号のハイレベルの電位は、前記第2ゲートに入力される信号のハイレベルの電位よりも高く、
前記第1ゲートに入力される信号のローレベルの第1電位は、前記第2ゲートに入力される信号のローレベルの第2電位よりも高く、
前記ドライバ回路は、前記第2ゲートを駆動する機能を有し、
前記第1ゲートに前記トランジスタがオフする前記第1電位を加え、前記メモリセルがデータを保持している期間において、前記ドライバ回路は、前記第2ゲートに、前記温度情報に応じた、前記第2電位を出力する、記憶装置。
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