JP7203721B2 - 免疫療法剤のための用量決定 - Google Patents
免疫療法剤のための用量決定 Download PDFInfo
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Description
変異を含有せず、MHCクラスIに提示されたエピトープである及び/又はMHCに提示されたエピトープが由来する抗原を発現する細胞に対するCD8+T細胞応答を誘発することができるエピトープを提供する。一実施形態では、癌特異的体細胞突然変異を含有しないエピトープは腫瘍抗原に由来する。一実施形態では、癌特異的体細胞突然変異を含有しないネオエピトープ及びエピトープは癌の処置において相乗効果を有する。好ましくは、本発明に従って提供されるワクチンは細胞毒性及び/又はヘルパーT細胞応答のポリエピトープ刺激に有用である。
試験において使用される材料及びその個々の供給源を次に示す:Customer 7-plex(Cat.:L5002JFHHC)、IFN-α2 single Plex(Cat.:171-B6010M)、IP-10 single Plex(Cat.:171-B5020M)、IL-6 single Plex(Cat.:171-B5006M)、Cytokine Standards Group II(Cat.:171-D60001)、Cytokine Standards Group I(Cat.:171-D50001)、Bio-Plex Pro Reagent Kit(Cat.:171-304070M)は全て、Bio-Rad Laboratories GmbH社から得られ;ピルビン酸ナトリウム(Cat.:11360-039)、非必須アミノ酸(Cat.:11140-035)、ペニシリン-ストレプトマイシン(Cat.:15140-122)、HEPES(Cat.:15360-056)、RPMI-1640+Glutamax(商標)(Cat.:61870-010)は全て、Invitrogen、GIBCO社(登録商標)から得られ;ヒト血清AB型は、LONZA社から得られ;IL-4(Cat. No.:130-093-924)、CD14-ビーズ(Cat.:130-050-201)、CD304-ビーズ(Cat.:130-090-532)は全て、Miltenyi Biotech GmbH社から得られ;Leucomax、モルグラモスチム(rHuman GM-CSF)は、Novartis社から得られ;Ficoll-Paque PLUS(Cat.:17-1440-03)は、GE Healthcare社から得られる。
健康な志願者から全血を無菌シリンジ内に収集した。抗凝固薬としてヘパリンを使用した。ヘパリン処置した全血を使用して、Ficoll-Paque上の密度遠心分離によってPBMCを生成した。全血から単離された新鮮に調製されたPBMCを使用することによりiDCを単離し、CD14+単球の単離は、磁性ビーズに基づく分離によって行った。全血から単離された新鮮に調製されたPBMCを使用することによりpDCを単離し、pDCの単離は、磁性ビーズに基づく分離によって行った。
試験の第1のパート:
1日目:ヘパリン処置した全血(n=4)の収集
各ドナーのPBMCの調製
PBMC及び全血の播種
RNA-LIPの溶液の添加及びインキュベート
6時間の時点で上清/血漿を収集し、-65~-85℃で凍結
2日目:24時間の時点で上清/血漿を収集し、-65~-85℃で凍結
任意の後日に凍結した上清の解析を実行
試験の第2のパート:
1日目:全血(n=2)の収集
各ドナーからのPBMCの調製
PBMCからのCD14+単球の単離
単離されたCD14+単球を培養してiDCを生成
4日目:iDCのフィーディング
6日目:iDCの収集
全血(n=2;同じドナー)の収集
各ドナーのPBMCの調製
PBMCからのpDCの単離
全血の播種
それぞれiDC又はpDCの添加
RNA-LIPを含有する溶液の添加
6時間の時点で上清/血漿を収集し、-65~-85℃で凍結
7日目:24時間の時点で上清/血漿を収集し、-65~-85℃で凍結
任意の後日に上清/血漿の解析を実行
RNA-LIP混合物とのPBMCの24時間インキュベーション後に、全サイトカインの用量依存性分泌が検出された。しかし、サイトカインの濃度レベルにおける高変動(20~60,000pg/ml)が観察された。サイトカイン応答は、8種の選択されたサイトカインのうち5種、即ち、IP-10、IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-1β及びIL-6によって支配された(Table 4(表4)を参照)。その上、分泌の時点における差も観察された:IL-1β、IL-6及びTNF-αは既に、インキュベーション(高RNA濃度で)6時間後に検出され、レベルは24時間後に著しく増加せず、RNA-LIP組成物の添加に応答する、異なるドナー由来の細胞の能力における変動を示す。
試験の第1のパートに関して、両方の検査システムである単離されたヒトPBMC及び全血において、RNA-LIP組成物とのインキュベーション後に、いくつかのサイトカインが分泌された。しかし、検査システム間の差は、PBMCが、検査システムとしてより高い感度を有することを示唆する。一方で、全8種の被験サイトカインに関して、単離されたPBMCにおけるサイトカインレベル増加を検出することができた。検査システムとして全血を使用したところ、サイトカイン検出は、IFN-α2、IP-10及びIL-6に限定された。単離されたPBMCは、血清(FCS)及び抗生物質を補充した培養培地と共に培養された一方で、全血における培養は、PBMCがヒト血漿及び赤血球細胞と共に培養されたことを意味するため、異なる結果は、異なる培養条件に起因し得る。
アゴニスト化合物SM1を、下に説明する通り、30μg/kg、100mg/kg、300μg/kg及び1mg/kg、3mg/kg及び10mg/kgの用量で、個体P0101(雄)、P0102(雄)、P0501(雌)、P0502(雌)、P0201(雄)、P0202(雄)、P0601(雌)、P0602(雌)、P0301(雄)、P0302(雌)、P0701(雌)、P0702(雌)として表示されたカニクイザルに静脈内注入によって投与した。投与後168時間までの様々な時点で血液へのサイトカイン分泌を測定した。注入開始後最大12又は24時間目の様々なサイトカインの血漿濃度を図に示す。
図10b:動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(i)は300μg/kg、動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(ii)は1mg/kgの用量におけるインターフェロンアルファ分泌
図10c、動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(i)は3mg/kg、動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(ii)は10mg/kgの用量におけるインターフェロンアルファ分泌
図10d:動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(i)は30μg/kg、動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(ii)は100μg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン1受容体アゴニスト分泌
図10e:動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(i)は300μg/kg、動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(ii)は1mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン1受容体アゴニスト分泌
図10f:動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(i)は3mg/kg、動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(ii)は10mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン1受容体アゴニスト分泌
図10g:動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(i)は30μg/kg、動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(ii)は100μg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン8分泌
図10h:動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(i)は300μg/kg、動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(ii)は1mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン8分泌
図10i:動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(i)は3mg/kg、動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(ii)は10mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン8分泌
図10j:動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(i)は30μg/kg、動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(ii)は100μg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン10分泌
図10k:動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(i)は300μg/kg、動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(ii)は1mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン10分泌
図10l:動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(i)は3mg/kg、動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(ii)は10mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン10分泌
図10m:動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(i)は30μg/kg、動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(ii)は100μg/kgの用量における単球走化性タンパク質1分泌
図10n:動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(i)は300μg/kg、動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(ii)は1mg/kgの用量における単球走化性タンパク質1分泌
図10o:動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(i)は3mg/kg、動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(ii)は10mg/kgの用量における単球走化性タンパク質1分泌
図10p:動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(i)は30μg/kg、動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(ii)は100μg/kgの用量における顆粒球コロニー刺激因子分泌
図10q:動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(i)は300μg/kg、動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(ii)は1mg/kgの用量における顆粒球コロニー刺激因子分泌
図10r:動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(i)は3mg/kg、動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(ii)は10mg/kgの用量における顆粒球コロニー刺激因子分泌
図10s:動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(i)は30μg/kg、動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(ii)は100μg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン4分泌
図10t:動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(i)は300μg/kg、動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(ii)は1mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン4分泌
図10u:動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(i)は3mg/kg、動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(ii)は10mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン4分泌
図10v:動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(i)は30μg/kg、動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(ii)は100μg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン6分泌
図10w:動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(i)は300μg/kg、動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(ii)は1mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン6分泌
図10x:動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(i)は3mg/kg、動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(ii)は10mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン6分泌
図10y:動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(i)は30μg/kg、動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(ii)は100μg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン18分泌
図10z:動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(i)は300μg/kg、動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(ii)は1mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン18分泌
図10aa:動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(i)は3mg/kg、動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(ii)は10mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン18分泌
図10bb:動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(i)は30μg/kg、動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(ii)は100μg/kgの用量におけるマクロファージ炎症性タンパク質1ベータ分泌
図10cc:動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(i)は300μg/kg、動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(ii)は1mg/kgの用量におけるマクロファージ炎症性タンパク質1ベータ分泌
図10dd:動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(i)は3mg/kg、動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(ii)は10mg/kgの用量におけるマクロファージ炎症性タンパク質1ベータ分泌
図10ee:動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(i)は30μg/kg、動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(ii)は100μg/kgの用量における腫瘍壊死因子アルファ分泌
図10ff:動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(i)は300μg/kg、動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(ii)は1mg/kgの用量における腫瘍壊死因子アルファ分泌
図10gg:動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(i)は3mg/kg、動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(ii)は10mg/kgの用量における腫瘍壊死因子アルファ分泌
図10hh:動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(i)は30μg/kg、動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(ii)は100μg/kgの用量における血管内皮成長因子分泌
図10ii:動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(i)は300μg/kg、動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(ii)は1mg/kgの用量における血管内皮成長因子分泌
図10jj:動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(i)は3mg/kg、動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(ii)は10mg/kgの用量における血管内皮成長因子分泌
図10kk:動物P0101、P0102、P0501、P0502(i)は1mg/kg、動物P0201、P0202、P0601、P0602(ii)は3mg/kg、動物P0301、P0302、P0701、P0702(iii)は10mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン12分泌
アゴニスト化合物SM3を、300μg/kg、1mg/kg、3mg/kg及び10mg/kgの用量で、個体16962、17477、17479、17607、16988、30018、16669、17613、14030、16216として表示された雄カニクイザルに静脈内注入によって投与した。投与後の168時間までの様々な時点で血液へのサイトカイン分泌を測定した。注入開始後最大12又は24時間目の様々なサイトカインの血漿濃度を図に示す。
図11b:動物16669、17607、17613(i)は3mg/kg、動物14030、16216、17477(ii)は10mg/kgの用量におけるインターフェロンアルファ分泌
図11c:動物14030、16216、17477は10mg/kgの用量における顆粒球コロニー刺激因子分泌
図11d:動物16962、16988、17479、30018(i)は1mg/kg、動物14030、16216、17477(ii)は10mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン10分泌
図11e:動物16962、17477、17479、17607(i)は300μg/kg、動物16962、16988、17479、30018(ii)は1mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン15分泌
図11f:動物16669、17607、17613(i)は3mg/kg、動物14030、16216、17477(ii)は10mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン15分泌
図11g:動物16962、17477、17479、17607(i)は300μg/kg、動物16962、16988、17479、30018(ii)は1mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン1受容体アゴニスト分泌
図11h:動物16669、17607、17613(i)は3mg/kg、動物14030、16216、17477(ii)は10mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン1受容体アゴニスト分泌
図11i:動物14030、16216、17477は10mg/kgの用量におけるインターロイキン10分泌
図11j:動物16962、17477、17479、17607(i)は300μg/kg、動物16962、16988、17479、30018(ii)は1mg/kgの用量における単球走化性タンパク質1分泌
図11k:動物16669、17607、17613(i)は3mg/kg、動物14030、16216、17477(ii)は10mg/kgの用量における単球走化性タンパク質1分泌
図11l:動物14030、16216、17477は10mg/kgの用量における腫瘍壊死因子アルファ分泌
図11m:動物14030、16216、17477は10mg/kgの用量におけるマクロファージ炎症性タンパク質1ベータ分泌
アゴニスト化合物SM4をin vitroアッセイにおいて、様々な濃度、即ち、0.1μM、0.3μM、1μM、3μM、10μM及び30μMで、個体130325、100621、110126、110125として表示された4名の血液ドナー由来の新鮮に調製されたヒトPBMCに添加した。アゴニスト化合物の添加24時間後に、上清へのサイトカイン分泌を上述通りに測定した。異なる量のアゴニストとの24時間インキュベーション後の上清における様々なサイトカインの濃度を示す。
図12b:24時間後の個体130325、100621、110126、110125のPBMCからのインターロイキン1ベータ分泌
図12c:24時間後の個体130325、100621、110126、110125のPBMCからのインターロイキン6分泌
図12d:24時間後の個体130325、100621、110126、110125のPBMCからのインターフェロンガンマ分泌
図12e:24時間後の個体130325、100621、110126、1101252のPBMCからのインターロイキン10分泌
図12f:24時間後の個体130325、110126、110125のPBMCからのインターフェロンガンマ誘導性タンパク質10分泌
アゴニスト化合物SM5を、0.1μM、0.3μM、1μM、3μM、10μM及び30μMの様々な濃度で、個体131105、130618、130325、131120として表示された4名の血液ドナー由来の新鮮に調製されたヒトPBMCにin vitroアッセイにおいて添加した。アゴニスト化合物の添加24時間後に、上清へのサイトカイン分泌を上述通りに測定した。異なる量のアゴニストとの24時間インキュベーション後の上清における様々なサイトカインの濃度を示す。
図13b:24時間後の個体131105、130618、130325、131120のPBMCからのインターロイキン1ベータ分泌
図13c:24時間後の個体131105、130618、130325、131120のPBMCからのインターロイキン6分泌
図13d:24時間後の個体131105、131120のPBMCからのインターロイキン8分泌
図13e:24時間後の個体131105、130618、130325、131120のPBMCからのインターフェロンガンマ分泌
図13f:24時間後の個体131105、130618、130325、131120のPBMCからのインターロイキン10分泌
図13g:24時間後の131105、130618、130325、131120のPBMCからのインターフェロンガンマ誘導性タンパク質10分泌
図13h:24時間後の個体131105、131120のPBMCからのインターロイキン12p70分泌
Claims (20)
- 個体への投与のための免疫療法剤の適した用量を決定するための方法であって、免疫療法剤が、Toll様受容体(TLR)アゴニストであり、
(a)TLRアゴニストの複数の異なる用量を個体の免疫反応性材料と別々に接触させる工程と、
(b)TLRアゴニストの複数の異なる用量に起因する少なくとも1種の免疫学的反応を測定する工程と
を含み、
免疫学的反応は、免疫反応性材料によって産生される1種若しくは複数のサイトカインの発現若しくは量の変化であり、
免疫反応性材料は、個体から単離された免疫細胞を含む細胞組成物を含み、
個体へのTLRアゴニストの投与に適した用量は、1種若しくは複数のサイトカインの発現若しくは量の変化が、TLRアゴニストに対する許容される治療効果を示す用量である、方法。 - 工程(b)が、1種若しくは複数のサイトカインの発現若しくは量の変化を定性的に及び/又は定量的に測定する工程によって特徴付けられる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- TLRアゴニストの複数の異なる用量が、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10又は10を超える異なる用量である、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- TLRアゴニストの複数の異なる用量が、線形又は対数用量漸増を含む用量漸増を表す、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- TLRアゴニストが、TLR-7又はTLR-8アゴニストである、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- TLRアゴニストが、少なくとも1種の免疫反応性ペプチド若しくはタンパク質、又は少なくとも1種の免疫反応性ペプチド若しくはタンパク質をコードする核酸を含む、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 核酸が、RNAを含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- TLRアゴニストが、RNA及び少なくとも1種の脂質を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- TLRアゴニストが、RNAリポプレックス製剤を含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 複数の異なる用量が、TLRアゴニストのための標準用量範囲を下回る少なくとも1用量を含む、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 複数の異なる用量が、TLRアゴニストのための標準用量範囲内にある少なくとも1用量を含む、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程(a)及び(b)が、逐次行われる、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程(b)が、工程(a)の2~48時間後、又は、工程(a)の4~24時間後に行われる、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1種のサイトカインが、インターロイキン6(IL-6)、腫瘍壊死因子-α(TNF-α)、インターフェロン-α(IFN-α)、インターフェロン-γ(IFN-γ)、インターフェロンガンマ誘導性タンパク質10(IP-10)、インターロイキン-1β(IL-1β)、インターロイキン-2(IL-2)及びインターロイキン-12p70 (IL-12p70)からなる群から選択される、請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1種のサイトカインが、インターフェロン-α(IFN-α)である、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 個体の免疫反応性材料が、個体から単離された血液細胞を含む、請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 免疫反応性材料が、個体から単離された全血を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 全血が、形質細胞様樹状細胞(pDC)及び/又は単球由来未成熟樹状細胞(iDC)を含む個体由来の自家樹状細胞を富化されている、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 個体の免疫反応性材料が、末梢血単核細胞(PBMC)から本質的になる又はこれを含む、請求項1から16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 個体が、ヒト対象である、請求項1から19のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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