JP7171030B2 - 電気分解装置の陽極及び陰極の製造方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 194
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 184
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 184
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 109
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 109
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 89
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 18
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- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 87
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 40
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 28
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- -1 platinum group metals Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010349 cathodic reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101710134784 Agnoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002065 alloy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCLURTMBFDTLSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel platinum Chemical compound [Ni].[Pt] PCLURTMBFDTLSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L platinum dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Pt]Cl CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
11 陽極(電極)
12 陰極(電極)
13 固体高分子電解質膜
14 陽極給電部材
15 陰極給電部材
16 陽極用貯水槽
17 陰極用貯水槽
18 陽極主電極
19 陰極主電極
20 膜/電極接合体
21 前面
22 後面
23 流路(通路孔)
24 ポーラス構造の遷移金属薄板電極
25 通流口
26 外周縁
27 水素ガス生成システム
28 直流電源
29 貯水タンク
30 給水ポンプ
31 酸素気液分離器
32 循環ポンプ
33 循環ポンプ
34 水素気液分離器
35 ボンベ
36 固体高分子形燃料電池
37 燃料極
38 空気極
39 固体高分子電解質膜
40 セパレータ
41 セパレータ
42 膜/電極接合体
43 ガス拡散層
44 ガス拡散層
45 ガスシール
46 ガスシール
47 導線
48 負荷
49 白金族金属
50 遷移金属
51 Pt(白金)
52 Ni(ニッケル)
53 Fe(鉄)
54 Cu(銅)
55 Pt(白金)の微粉体
56 Ni(ニッケル)の微粉体
57 Fe(鉄)の微粉体
58 Cu(銅)の微粉体
59 金属微粉体混合物
60 金属微粉体圧縮物
L1 厚み寸法
S1 遷移金属選択工程
S2 金属微粉体作成工程
S3 微粉体重量比決定工程
S4 金属微粉体混合物作成工程
S5 金属微粉体圧縮物作成工程
S6 薄板電極作成工程
Claims (5)
- 陽極及び陰極と、前記陽極と前記陰極との間に位置してそれら極を接合する電極接合体膜とを備えた電気分解装置の陽極及び陰極の製造方法において、
前記陽極及び陰極の製造方法が、白金(Pt)と、所定の遷移金属の仕事関数の合成仕事関数が前記白金の仕事関数(5.65eV)に近似するように選択されたニッケル(Ni)(仕事関数:5.22(eV))、鉄(Fe)(仕事関数:4.67(eV))、銅(Cu)(仕事関数:5.10(eV)とを原料とし、
前記白金を微粉砕して粒径が10μm~200μmの白金微粉体を作り、前記ニッケルを微粉砕して粒径が10μm~200μmのニッケル微粉体を作り、前記鉄を微粉砕して粒径が10μm~200μmの鉄微粉体を作るとともに、前記銅を微粉砕して粒径が10μm~200μmの銅微粉体を作る金属微粉体作成工程と、
前記白金微粉体と前記ニッケル微粉体と前記鉄微粉体と前記銅微粉体とを混合した金属微粉体混合物の全重量(100%)に対する該白金微粉体の重量比を5~10%の範囲とし、前記金属微粉体混合物の全重量に対する該ニッケル微粉体の重量比を30%~45%の範囲とし、前記金属微粉体混合物の全重量に対する該鉄微粉体の重量比を30%~45%の範囲とするとともに、前記金属微粉体混合物の全重量に対する該銅微粉体の重量比を3%~5%の範囲とする微粉体重量比決定工程と、
前記重量比の白金微粉体と前記重量比のニッケル微粉体と前記重量比の鉄微粉体と前記重量比の銅微粉体とを攪拌・混合し、前記白金微粉体と前記ニッケル微粉体と前記鉄微粉体と前記銅微粉体とが均一に混合・分散した金属微粉体混合物を作る金属微粉体混合物作成工程と、
前記金属微粉体混合物作成工程によって作られた金属微粉体混合物を金型に入れ、前記金型をプレス機によって500Mpa~800Mpaの範囲のプレス圧で前記金属微粉体混合物を加圧し、厚み寸法が0.03mm~0.8mmの薄板状に圧縮された金属微粉体圧縮物を作る金属微粉体圧縮物作成工程と、
前記属微粉体圧縮物作成工程によって作られた金属微粉体圧縮物を焼成炉に投入し、最も融点の低い前記銅微粉体を溶融させる1100℃~1400℃の温度で金属微粉体圧縮物を3時間~6時間焼成し、多数の微細な流路及び多数の微細な通流口を形成したポーラス構造かつ薄板状の前記陽極及び前記陰極である遷移金属薄板電極を作る薄板電極作成工程とを有することを特徴とする電気分解装置の陽極及び陰極の製造方法。 - 前記ポーラス構造の薄板状に成形された前記陽極及び前記陰極の空隙率が、15%~30%の範囲にある請求項1に記載の電気分解装置の陽極及び陰極の製造方法。
- 前記ポーラス構造の薄板状に成形された前記陽極及び前記陰極の密度が、5.0g/cm 2 ~7.0g/cm 2 の範囲にある請求項1又は請求項2に記載の電気分解装置の陽極及び陰極の製造方法。
- 前記陽極及び前記陰極では、所定面積の薄板状に圧縮した前記金属微粉体混合物の焼成時に最も融点の前記銅微粉体が溶融し、溶融した前記銅微粉体をバインダーとして前記白金微粉体と前記ニッケル微粉体と前記鉄微粉体とが接合されている請求項1ないし請求項3いずれかに記載の電気分解装置の陽極及び陰極の製造方法。
- 前記多数の微細な流路の開口径が、1μm~100μmの範囲にある請求項1ないし請求項4いずれかに記載の電気分解装置の陽極及び陰極の製造方法。
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JP2007504624A (ja) | 2003-09-03 | 2007-03-01 | サイミックス テクノロジーズ, インコーポレイテッド | 白金−ニッケル−鉄燃料電池触媒 |
JP2017095746A (ja) | 2015-11-20 | 2017-06-01 | 鈴木 健治 | 水素生成装置および給湯システム |
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JP2007504624A (ja) | 2003-09-03 | 2007-03-01 | サイミックス テクノロジーズ, インコーポレイテッド | 白金−ニッケル−鉄燃料電池触媒 |
JP2017095746A (ja) | 2015-11-20 | 2017-06-01 | 鈴木 健治 | 水素生成装置および給湯システム |
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