JP7153232B2 - Air spring locking structure - Google Patents

Air spring locking structure Download PDF

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Publication number
JP7153232B2
JP7153232B2 JP2018243893A JP2018243893A JP7153232B2 JP 7153232 B2 JP7153232 B2 JP 7153232B2 JP 2018243893 A JP2018243893 A JP 2018243893A JP 2018243893 A JP2018243893 A JP 2018243893A JP 7153232 B2 JP7153232 B2 JP 7153232B2
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shaft
shaft insertion
air spring
insertion hole
seated state
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JP2020104630A (en
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幸彦 西山
達也 吉崎
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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Priority to JP2018243893A priority Critical patent/JP7153232B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2019/050759 priority patent/WO2020138141A1/en
Priority to CN201980086696.5A priority patent/CN113286954B/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D24/00Connections between vehicle body and vehicle frame
    • B62D24/02Vehicle body, not intended to move relatively to the vehicle frame, and mounted on vibration absorbing mountings, e.g. rubber pads
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D33/00Superstructures for load-carrying vehicles
    • B62D33/06Drivers' cabs
    • B62D33/063Drivers' cabs movable from one position into at least one other position, e.g. tiltable, pivotable about a vertical axis, displaceable from one side of the vehicle to the other
    • B62D33/067Drivers' cabs movable from one position into at least one other position, e.g. tiltable, pivotable about a vertical axis, displaceable from one side of the vehicle to the other tiltable
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/02Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
    • F16F9/04Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall
    • F16F9/05Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall the flexible wall being of the rolling diaphragm type

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

本開示は、上構造体と下構造体との間にエアスプリングが介在する車両のエアスプリング係止構造に関する。 The present disclosure relates to a vehicle air spring locking structure in which an air spring is interposed between an upper structure and a lower structure.

特許文献1には、車両のシャシフレームにフレーム側ブラケットを取付け、キャブにキャブ側ブラケットを取付け、フレーム側ブラケットとキャブ側ブラケットとをリンクアームによって連結し、キャブ側ブラケットとリンクアームとの間にエアスプリングを設けたキャブサスペンション構造が記載されている。 In Patent Document 1, a frame-side bracket is attached to a chassis frame of a vehicle, a cab-side bracket is attached to a cab, the frame-side bracket and the cab-side bracket are connected by a link arm, and between the cab-side bracket and the link arm. A cab suspension structure with air springs is described.

エアスプリングは、空気室を形成して収縮可能なベローズと、ベローズの上端側に設けられてキャブ側ブラケットに固定された固定部と、ベローズの下端側に設けられてリンクアームに係合する着座部と、着座部に設けられてベローズの収縮方向に延びる軸部と、着座部の上面に設けられたストッパとを備える。着座部には、雌ねじ部が形成され、軸部は、雌ねじ部に螺合する。エアスプリングは、ベローズ内に空気を充填しておくことで、リンクアームからキャブ側ブラケットに伝達される衝撃を緩和する空気ばねとして機能する。リンクアームの上面には、エアスプリングの軸部が挿通される貫通孔が形成されている。軸部は、着座部の雌ねじ部に螺合される雄ねじ部と、雄ねじ部よりも外径が大きい軸部本体とを備える。雄ねじ部と軸部本体との境界部分には、段差面が形成され、軸部を締め付けることで段差面が着座部の下端面に押し付けられる。着座部の下端面がリンクアームの上面に押し付けられた状態では、軸部の下端とフレーム側ブラケットとの隙間寸法は、tとなっている。軸部本体の長さ寸法はLであり、軸部本体の着座部から突出した部分の長さはLとなる。ベローズ内の空気圧が低下すると、ベローズが収縮して、ストッパが固定部に当接するまで着座部が上昇する場合がある。この状態は、着座部がリンクアームから最も離間した状態である。このとき、着座部とリンクアームとの距離をtとすると、軸部本体の長さ寸法Lは、このtよりも大きく設定されている。したがって、この場合であっても、軸部の下端部は、依然としてリンクアームの貫通孔に挿通された状態であり、軸部がリンクアームから外れるのが防止されている。 The air spring includes a bellows that forms an air chamber and can be contracted, a fixing part that is provided at the upper end of the bellows and is fixed to the cab-side bracket, and a seat that is provided at the lower end of the bellows and engages the link arm. a shaft portion provided on the seating portion and extending in the contraction direction of the bellows; and a stopper provided on the upper surface of the seating portion. A female threaded portion is formed in the seat portion, and the shaft portion is screwed into the female threaded portion. By filling the bellows with air, the air spring functions as an air spring that mitigates the impact transmitted from the link arm to the cab-side bracket. The upper surface of the link arm is formed with a through hole through which the shaft of the air spring is inserted. The shaft includes a male thread that is screwed into the female thread of the seating portion, and a shaft main body that has an outer diameter larger than that of the male thread. A stepped surface is formed at the boundary portion between the male threaded portion and the shaft portion body, and the stepped surface is pressed against the lower end surface of the seating portion by tightening the shaft portion. When the lower end surface of the seat portion is pressed against the upper surface of the link arm, the gap dimension between the lower end of the shaft portion and the frame - side bracket is t1. The length dimension of the shaft main body is L, and the length of the portion of the shaft main body protruding from the seating portion is L. When the air pressure in the bellows drops, the bellows may contract and the seat may rise until the stop abuts the fixed part. This state is the state in which the seat is the farthest away from the link arm. At this time, if the distance between the seat and the link arm is t2, the length dimension L of the shaft main body is set larger than this t2. Therefore, even in this case, the lower end of the shaft is still inserted through the through hole of the link arm, preventing the shaft from coming off the link arm.

特開2017-30411号公報JP 2017-30411 A

特許文献1の構造では、着座部からの軸部の突出高さ(軸本体の長さ)を増大させると、着座部の下端面がリンクアームの上面に押し付けられた状態(着座状態)での軸部の下端とフレーム側ブラケットとの隙間が減少するため、軸部の最大突出高さは、フレーム側ブラケットと干渉する長さ未満に自ずと制限される。このため、車両のレイアウトによっては軸部の突出高さを十分に確保することができず、着座部がリンクアームから最も離間するまで軸部が貫通孔を挿通した状態(エアスプリング係止状態)を継続して維持させることが難しい場合がある。 In the structure of Patent Document 1, when the height (length of the shaft body) of the shaft portion protruding from the seat portion is increased, the lower end surface of the seat portion is pressed against the upper surface of the link arm (seated state). Since the gap between the lower end of the shaft and the frame-side bracket is reduced, the maximum projecting height of the shaft is naturally limited to less than the length that interferes with the frame-side bracket. For this reason, depending on the layout of the vehicle, it is not possible to ensure a sufficient protrusion height of the shaft, and the shaft is inserted through the through-hole until the seat is farthest away from the link arm (air spring locked state). may be difficult to sustain.

そこで本開示は、軸部の突出高さの増大を抑えつつ、エアスプリング係止状態の解除を確実に防止することが可能なエアスプリング係止構造の提供を目的とする。 Accordingly, an object of the present disclosure is to provide an air spring locking structure capable of reliably preventing release of the air spring locked state while suppressing an increase in the projection height of the shaft portion.

上記目的を達成すべく、本発明の第1の態様は、上構造体に対してエアスプリングが固定され、エアスプリングの下部の着座部が下構造体側のスプリング支持部に載置された着座状態でエアスプリングが上構造体と下構造体との間に介在して上構造体を弾性支持し、エアスプリングが上構造体とともに着座状態から上方へ移動することにより着座部がスプリング支持部から上方へ離間する車両のエアスプリング係止構造であって、着座部及びスプリング支持部の一方は、第1当接部と、着座状態で上下方向と交叉する第1対向面と、第1対向面から突出して上下方向に延びる軸部とを有する。着座部及びスプリング支持部の他方は、着座状態で第1当接部と当接する第2当接部と、着座状態で上下方向と交叉し第1対向面から離間して対向する第2対向面と、第2対向面に設けられた軸挿通孔と、軸挿通孔と連通する軸挿通空間を区画するように第2対向面から突出する軸移動規制部とを有する。なお、軸部が延びる上下方向は、鉛直方向に限定されず、鉛直方向に対して傾斜する方向も含む。 In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a seated state in which an air spring is fixed to an upper structure and a lower seat portion of the air spring is placed on a spring support portion on the lower structure side. The air spring is interposed between the upper structure and the lower structure to elastically support the upper structure, and the air spring moves upward together with the upper structure from the seated state, thereby moving the seat upward from the spring support. In an air spring locking structure for a vehicle that is spaced apart, one of the seat portion and the spring support portion includes a first contact portion, a first opposing surface that intersects with the vertical direction in the seated state, and a first opposing surface that extends from the first opposing surface and a shaft portion that protrudes and extends in the vertical direction. The other of the seat portion and the spring support portion includes a second contact portion that contacts the first contact portion in the seated state, and a second opposing surface that intersects the vertical direction in the seated state and is spaced apart from the first opposing surface and faces the second contact portion. and a shaft insertion hole provided in the second facing surface, and an axial movement restricting portion protruding from the second facing surface so as to define a shaft insertion space communicating with the shaft insertion hole. It should be noted that the vertical direction in which the shaft extends is not limited to the vertical direction, and includes directions that are inclined with respect to the vertical direction.

軸部は、着座状態で軸挿通空間及び軸挿通孔を挿通する。軸挿通孔及び軸移動規制部は、上構造体の昇降に伴う軸部の所定方向への移動を許容するとともに、所定方向と交叉する方向への軸部の移動を規制する。着座状態からの上構造体の上昇により軸挿通孔から抜けた軸部の先端は、軸挿通空間を移動する。軸挿通孔から抜けた軸部の先端は、着座状態への上構造体の下降により軸挿通空間から軸挿通孔へ進入する。 The shaft portion is inserted through the shaft insertion space and the shaft insertion hole in a seated state. The shaft insertion hole and the shaft movement restricting portion allow movement of the shaft portion in a predetermined direction as the upper structure moves up and down, and restrict movement of the shaft portion in a direction crossing the predetermined direction. As the upper structure rises from the seated state, the distal end of the shaft portion that has passed out of the shaft insertion hole moves in the shaft insertion space. When the upper structure is lowered to the seated state, the distal end of the shaft that has passed out of the shaft insertion hole enters the shaft insertion hole from the shaft insertion space.

上記構成では、エアスプリングの下部の着座部が下構造体側のスプリング支持部に載置された着座状態で軸部が軸挿通空間及び軸挿通孔を挿通する。これにより、上構造体の昇降に伴う軸部の所定方向への移動が許容され、且つ所定方向と交叉する方向への軸部の移動が規制された状態(エアスプリング係止状態)が維持される。 In the above configuration, the shaft portion is inserted through the shaft insertion space and the shaft insertion hole in a seated state in which the lower seat portion of the air spring is placed on the spring support portion on the lower structure side. As a result, a state (air spring locked state) is maintained in which movement of the shaft portion in a predetermined direction is permitted as the upper structure is lifted, and movement of the shaft portion in a direction crossing the predetermined direction is restricted. be.

着座状態から上構造体が上昇し、着座部がスプリング支持部から離れて上方へ移動する(第1当接部と第2当接部とが離間する)と、軸部と軸挿通孔との相対移動により軸部の先端と軸挿通空間とが近付き、上構造体がさらに上昇すると、軸部の先端が軸挿通孔から抜けて軸挿通空間を移動する。軸部の先端が軸挿通孔から抜けた後は、軸移動規制部が所定方向と交叉する方向への軸部の移動を規制するため、エアスプリング係止状態が解除されずに継続して維持される。このように、軸挿通孔が軸挿通空間によって第1対向面側に実質的に延長されるので、軸移動規制部(軸挿通空間)を設けない場合に比べて、第1対向面からの軸部の突出高さを短縮することができる。従って、軸部の突出高さの増大を抑えつつ、エアスプリング係止状態の解除を確実に防止することができる。 When the upper structure rises from the seated state and the seat portion separates from the spring support portion and moves upward (the first contact portion and the second contact portion are separated), the shaft portion and the shaft insertion hole are separated from each other. When the tip of the shaft portion and the shaft insertion space approach each other due to the relative movement, and the upper structure further rises, the tip of the shaft portion exits the shaft insertion hole and moves in the shaft insertion space. After the tip of the shaft comes out of the shaft insertion hole, the shaft movement restricting portion restricts the movement of the shaft in the direction that intersects with the predetermined direction, so the air spring locked state is maintained without being released. be done. In this way, since the shaft insertion hole is substantially extended toward the first facing surface by the shaft insertion space, the shaft movement from the first facing surface is reduced compared to the case where the shaft movement restricting portion (shaft insertion space) is not provided. The protrusion height of the part can be shortened. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the release of the locked state of the air spring while suppressing an increase in the projection height of the shaft portion.

本発明の第2の態様は、第1の態様のエアスプリング係止構造であって、軸移動規制部は、軸挿通空間を内側に区画する筒形状である。 A second aspect of the present invention is the air spring locking structure according to the first aspect, wherein the shaft movement restricting portion has a cylindrical shape that partitions the shaft insertion space inside.

上記構成では、筒形状の軸移動規制部が軸挿通空間を内側に区画するので、軸部の先端が軸挿通孔から抜けて軸挿通空間を移動する場合において、所定方向と交叉する方向への軸部の移動を軸移動規制部によって確実に規制することができる。 In the above configuration, the cylindrical shaft movement restricting portion partitions the shaft insertion space inside, so that when the tip of the shaft moves through the shaft insertion hole and moves in the shaft insertion space, the tip of the shaft moves in a direction intersecting the predetermined direction. Movement of the shaft portion can be reliably restricted by the shaft movement restricting portion.

本発明の第3の態様は、第1又は第2の態様のエアスプリング係止構造であって、軸部は、第1対向面から一体的に突出するボス部と、ボス部よりも細くボス部に着脱可能に固定されて上下方向に延びるガイドピンとを有する。軸挿通空間は、ボス部が進入可能な大きさであり、軸挿通孔は、ガイドピンが進入可能で、且つボス部が進入不可能な大きさである。軸挿通孔の内周面の軸挿通空間側の端縁には、着座状態への上構造体の下降に伴って軸挿通空間を移動するガイドピンの先端を軸挿通孔へ案内するテーパ状のガイド面が形成されている。 A third aspect of the present invention is the air spring locking structure of the first or second aspect, wherein the shaft portion includes a boss portion projecting integrally from the first opposing surface and a boss portion thinner than the boss portion. and a guide pin detachably fixed to the portion and extending in the vertical direction. The shaft insertion space is sized to allow the boss to enter, and the shaft insertion hole is sized to allow the guide pin to enter but not to allow the boss to enter. At the edge of the shaft insertion space side of the inner peripheral surface of the shaft insertion hole, there is a tapered shape that guides the tip of the guide pin, which moves in the shaft insertion space as the upper structure descends to the seated state, to the shaft insertion hole. A guide surface is formed.

上記構成では、軸挿通孔から抜けたガイドピンの先端を、ガイド面によって軸挿通孔へ確実に進入させることができる。また、ガイドピンをボス部に着脱可能に固定するので、ガイドピンが損傷した際にはガイドピンのみを交換すればよい。 In the above configuration, the tip of the guide pin that has come out of the shaft insertion hole can be reliably inserted into the shaft insertion hole by the guide surface. Further, since the guide pin is detachably fixed to the boss portion, only the guide pin needs to be replaced when the guide pin is damaged.

本開示によれば、軸部の突出高さの増大を抑えつつ、エアスプリング係止状態の解除を確実に防止することができる。 According to the present disclosure, it is possible to reliably prevent the release of the air spring locked state while suppressing an increase in the projection height of the shaft portion.

本発明の一実施形態に係るキャブサスペンション構造の正面図である。1 is a front view of a cab suspension structure according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 図1のエアスプリングとリンクアームとの接合部分を拡大した斜視図である。2 is an enlarged perspective view of a joint portion between an air spring and a link arm in FIG. 1; FIG. 図1のキャブサスペンション構造の断面図である。2 is a cross-sectional view of the cab suspension structure of FIG. 1; FIG. 図3の着座部がスプリング支持部から離れて上方へ移動した状態を示す断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the seat portion of FIG. 3 has moved upward away from the spring support portion; 図3の軸部と軸移動規制部及び軸挿通孔とを一部断面で示す斜視図である。4 is a perspective view showing a partial cross section of the shaft portion, the shaft movement restricting portion, and the shaft insertion hole of FIG. 3; FIG. (a)は軸部及び軸移動規制部の変形例を示す断面図、(b)は軸移動規制部の他の変形例を示す斜視図である。(a) is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the shaft portion and the axial movement restricting portion, and (b) is a perspective view showing another modification of the axial movement restricting portion.

以下、本発明の一実施形態に係るキャブサスペンション構造1について図面を参照して説明する。なお、以下の説明における前後方向は、車両の前後方向を意味する。 A cab suspension structure 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the front-rear direction in the following description means the front-rear direction of the vehicle.

図1及び図2に示すように、キャブサスペンション構造1は、チルト可能な車両(トラック)の図示略のシャシフレーム(下構造体)に取付けられたフレーム側ブラケット2と、図示略のキャブ(上構造体)に取り付けられたキャブ側ブラケット3と、フレーム側ブラケット2とキャブ側ブラケット3の双方に回転可能に連結されたリンクアーム4と、キャブ側ブラケット3とリンクアーム4との間に設けられたエアスプリング10及びショックアブソーバ5とを備える。リンクアーム4には、エアスプリング10が載置される板状のスプリング支持部30が設けられている。キャブは、図示略のチルト軸を中心として前斜め上方へ傾動(チルト)可能にシャシフレームに支持されている。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a cab suspension structure 1 includes a frame-side bracket 2 attached to a chassis frame (lower structure) (not shown) of a vehicle (truck) capable of tilting, and a cab (upper structure) (not shown). a cab-side bracket 3 attached to a structure), a link arm 4 rotatably connected to both the frame-side bracket 2 and the cab-side bracket 3, and provided between the cab-side bracket 3 and the link arm 4 An air spring 10 and a shock absorber 5 are provided. The link arm 4 is provided with a plate-like spring support portion 30 on which the air spring 10 is mounted. The cab is supported by the chassis frame so as to be tiltable forward and upward about a tilt shaft (not shown).

ショックアブソーバ5は、キャブ側ブラケット3とリンクアーム4との相対移動に抵抗することで、リンクアーム4とキャブ側ブラケット3との間で伝達される振動を減衰させる。 The shock absorber 5 dampens vibrations transmitted between the link arm 4 and the cab-side bracket 3 by resisting relative movement between the cab-side bracket 3 and the link arm 4 .

図3及び図4に示すように、エアスプリング10は、空気室を形成して収縮可能なベローズ11と、ベローズ11の上端側に設けられてキャブ側ブラケット3に固定される固定部12と、ベローズ11の下端側に設けられてリンクアーム4のスプリング支持部30に載置される着座部13と、着座部13に設けられてベローズ11の収縮方向に延びる軸部14と、着座部13の上面に設けられたストッパ15とを備える。エアスプリング10は、ベローズ11内に空気が充填されることによって、リンクアーム4からキャブ側ブラケット3に伝達される衝撃を緩和する空気ばねとして機能する。ストッパ15は、ベローズ11内の空気圧が低下した場合に固定部12に当接して、着座部13と固定部12との接近(干渉)を阻止する。 As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the air spring 10 includes a contractible bellows 11 forming an air chamber, a fixing portion 12 provided on the upper end side of the bellows 11 and fixed to the cab-side bracket 3, A seat portion 13 provided on the lower end side of the bellows 11 and mounted on the spring support portion 30 of the link arm 4; and a stopper 15 provided on the upper surface. The air spring 10 functions as an air spring that mitigates the impact transmitted from the link arm 4 to the cab-side bracket 3 by filling the bellows 11 with air. The stopper 15 comes into contact with the fixed portion 12 when the air pressure in the bellows 11 is lowered, and prevents the seating portion 13 and the fixed portion 12 from approaching (interfering).

このように、エアスプリング10は、キャブに対して固定され、エアスプリング10の下部の着座部13がシャシフレーム側のスプリング支持部30に載置された着座状態で、キャブとシャシフレームとの間に介在してキャブを弾性支持する。また、キャブのチルト時には、エアスプリング10は着座状態からキャブと共に上方へ移動し、着座部13はスプリング支持部30から上方へ離間する。 In this manner, the air spring 10 is fixed to the cab, and in a seated state in which the lower seat portion 13 of the air spring 10 is placed on the spring support portion 30 on the chassis frame side, the air spring 10 is mounted between the cab and the chassis frame. to elastically support the cab. Further, when the cab is tilted, the air spring 10 moves upward together with the cab from the seated state, and the seat portion 13 is separated upward from the spring support portion 30 .

着座部13は、円筒状の周壁16と円板状の中間壁17とを一体的に有するH状断面であり、中間壁17の全周縁が周壁16の中間部の内周面から連続する。着座部13の下部には、下方へ開口する凹状空間18が周壁16の内周面と中間壁17の下面とによって区画形成されている。周壁16の円環状の下端面は、着座状態でスプリング支持部30に当接して載置される第1当接部19を構成し、中間壁17の下面は、着座状態で上下方向と交叉する第1対向面20を構成する。軸部14は、第1対向面20から下方の凹状空間18へ突出して直線状に延びる。 The seating portion 13 has an H-shaped cross section that integrally includes a cylindrical peripheral wall 16 and a disk-shaped intermediate wall 17 , and the entire peripheral edge of the intermediate wall 17 continues from the inner peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the peripheral wall 16 . A downwardly opening recessed space 18 is defined in the lower portion of the seat portion 13 by the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 16 and the lower surface of the intermediate wall 17 . The annular lower end surface of the peripheral wall 16 constitutes a first contact portion 19 that is placed in contact with the spring support portion 30 in the seated state, and the lower surface of the intermediate wall 17 intersects the vertical direction in the seated state. A first opposing surface 20 is configured. The shaft portion 14 protrudes from the first opposing surface 20 into the concave space 18 below and extends linearly.

軸部14は、第1対向面20の中心部から下方へ一体的に突出する円柱状のボス部21と、ボス部21の下面に着脱可能に固定されて下方へ延びるガイドピン22とを有する。ガイドピン22は、ボス部21よりも細い(外径が小さい)円柱状であり、ボス部21と同軸状に取付けられる。 The shaft portion 14 has a cylindrical boss portion 21 integrally protruding downward from the center of the first opposing surface 20, and a guide pin 22 detachably fixed to the lower surface of the boss portion 21 and extending downward. . The guide pin 22 has a cylindrical shape that is thinner (smaller in outer diameter) than the boss portion 21 and is attached coaxially with the boss portion 21 .

本実施形態では、ガイドピン22の上端部に形成された雄ネジ部23を、ボス部21に形成された雌ネジ孔24に螺合して締付けることによって、ガイドピン22がボス部21に取付けられる。ガイドピン22の下端部は、締付用の工具と係合可能な形状(例えば、六角ボルトのボルト頭部の形状)を有する。 In this embodiment, the guide pin 22 is attached to the boss portion 21 by screwing the male screw portion 23 formed on the upper end portion of the guide pin 22 into the female screw hole 24 formed on the boss portion 21 and tightening. be done. The lower end of the guide pin 22 has a shape that can be engaged with a tightening tool (for example, the shape of the head of a hexagon bolt).

スプリング支持部30の上面は、着座状態でエアスプリング10の第1当接部19と当接する第2当接部31と、着座状態で上下方向と交叉しエアスプリング10の第1対向面20から下方に離間して対向する第2対向面32とを構成し、第2対向面32には、軸挿通孔33が設けられている。軸挿通孔33は、スプリング支持部30を上下方向に貫通する。 The upper surface of the spring support portion 30 includes a second contact portion 31 that contacts the first contact portion 19 of the air spring 10 in the seated state, and a second contact portion 31 that intersects the vertical direction in the seated state and extends from the first opposing surface 20 of the air spring 10 in the seated state. A shaft insertion hole 33 is provided in the second facing surface 32 that is spaced downward and faces the second facing surface 32 . The shaft insertion hole 33 vertically penetrates the spring support portion 30 .

図3~図5に示すように、第2対向面32には円筒状の軸移動規制部34が固定される。軸移動規制部34は、軸挿通孔33と同軸状に配置され、第2対向面32から上方へ突出して延び、着座状態で着座部13の凹状空間18に収容される。軸移動規制部34の内周面は、軸挿通孔33と連通する軸挿通空間35(図4及び図5参照)を区画する。着座状態において、軸部14は軸挿通孔33及び軸挿通空間35を挿通し、軸部14の下端はスプリング支持部30の下方へ突出する。なお、軸移動規制部34をスプリング支持部30と一体的に設けてもよい。 As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, a cylindrical axial movement restricting portion 34 is fixed to the second facing surface 32 . The shaft movement restricting portion 34 is arranged coaxially with the shaft insertion hole 33 , protrudes and extends upward from the second facing surface 32 , and is accommodated in the recessed space 18 of the seat portion 13 in a seated state. The inner peripheral surface of the shaft movement restricting portion 34 defines a shaft insertion space 35 (see FIGS. 4 and 5) that communicates with the shaft insertion hole 33 . In the seated state, the shaft portion 14 is inserted through the shaft insertion hole 33 and the shaft insertion space 35 , and the lower end of the shaft portion 14 protrudes downward from the spring support portion 30 . Note that the axial movement restricting portion 34 may be provided integrally with the spring support portion 30 .

軸移動規制部34の内径は、ボス部21の外径よりも僅かに大きく、軸挿通孔33の内径は、ガイドピン22の外径よりも僅かに大きく且つボス部21の外径よりも小さい。すなわち、軸挿通空間35は、ボス部21が進入可能な大きさであり、軸挿通孔33は、ガイドピン22が進入可能で、且つボス部21が進入不可能な大きさである。軸挿通孔33の内周面の上端縁(軸挿通空間35側の端縁)には、軸挿通空間35に向かって拡径するテーパ状のガイド面36が形成されている。 The inner diameter of the shaft movement restricting portion 34 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the boss portion 21, and the inner diameter of the shaft insertion hole 33 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the guide pin 22 and smaller than the outer diameter of the boss portion 21. . That is, the shaft insertion space 35 has a size that allows the boss portion 21 to enter, and the shaft insertion hole 33 has a size that allows the guide pin 22 to enter but does not allow the boss portion 21 to enter. A tapered guide surface 36 whose diameter increases toward the shaft insertion space 35 is formed on the upper edge of the inner peripheral surface of the shaft insertion hole 33 (the edge on the shaft insertion space 35 side).

第1対向面20からのボス部21の突出高さは、第1当接部19と第2当接部31とが当接する着座状態でボス部21が第2対向面32と干渉しないように、第1対向面20からの周壁16の突出高さ(第1対向面20から第1当接部19までの高さ)以下に設定される。第1対向面20からの軸部14の突出高さ(第1対向面20からガイドピン22の下端までの高さ)は、着座状態でスプリング支持部30の下方へ突出する軸部14(ガイドピン22)の下端が周囲の部品(例えばフレーム側ブラケット2)と干渉しない高さに設定される。また、第2対向面32からの軸移動規制部34の突出高さは、着座状態で軸移動規制部34の上端が第1対向面20と干渉しないように、第1対向面20からの周壁16の突出高さ以下に設定される。 The protrusion height of the boss portion 21 from the first opposing surface 20 is determined so that the boss portion 21 does not interfere with the second opposing surface 32 in the seated state where the first contact portion 19 and the second contact portion 31 are in contact with each other. , the projection height of the peripheral wall 16 from the first opposing surface 20 (the height from the first opposing surface 20 to the first contact portion 19) or less. The protrusion height of the shaft portion 14 from the first opposing surface 20 (height from the first opposing surface 20 to the lower end of the guide pin 22) is the shaft portion 14 (guide The lower end of the pin 22) is set to a height that does not interfere with surrounding parts (for example, the frame side bracket 2). In addition, the projection height of the axial movement restricting portion 34 from the second facing surface 32 is set so that the upper end of the axial movement restricting portion 34 does not interfere with the first opposing surface 20 in the seated state. Set to 16 projection heights or less.

軸挿通孔33及び軸移動規制部34(軸挿通空間35)は、キャブの昇降に伴う軸部14の所定方向への往復移動を許容するとともに、所定方向と交叉する方向への軸部14の移動を規制する。また、例えばキャブチルト時のようにキャブが上昇し、エアスプリング10が着座状態からキャブと共に上方へ移動し、着座部13がスプリング支持部30から上方へ離間して、軸部14の下端(ガイドピン22の下端)が軸挿通孔33から抜けると、軸部14の下端は軸挿通空間35を上方へ移動する。反対に、チルト状態からキャブが下降すると、軸挿通孔33から抜けた軸部14の下端は、着座状態へのエアスプリング10の下降により軸挿通空間35から軸挿通孔33へ進入する。ガイド面36は、着座状態への下降に伴って軸挿通空間35を下降するガイドピン22の下端を軸挿通孔33へ案内する。 The shaft insertion hole 33 and the shaft movement restricting portion 34 (the shaft insertion space 35) allow the shaft portion 14 to reciprocate in a predetermined direction as the cab is raised and lowered, and allow the shaft portion 14 to move in a direction intersecting the predetermined direction. Regulate movement. Further, the cab is lifted, for example, when tilting the cab, the air spring 10 moves upward from the seated state together with the cab, the seat portion 13 is separated upward from the spring support portion 30, and the lower end of the shaft portion 14 (the guide pin 22) is removed from the shaft insertion hole 33, the lower end of the shaft portion 14 moves upward in the shaft insertion space 35. As shown in FIG. Conversely, when the cab is lowered from the tilted state, the lower end of the shaft portion 14 that has been removed from the shaft insertion hole 33 enters the shaft insertion hole 33 from the shaft insertion space 35 as the air spring 10 is lowered to the seated state. The guide surface 36 guides the lower end of the guide pin 22 descending in the shaft insertion space 35 to the shaft insertion hole 33 as it descends to the seated state.

本実施形態によれば、着座状態では、軸部14が軸挿通空間35及び軸挿通孔33を挿通するので、キャブの昇降に伴う軸部14の所定方向への移動が許容され、且つ所定方向と交叉する方向への軸部14の移動が規制された状態(エアスプリング係止状態)が維持される。 According to this embodiment, in the seated state, the shaft portion 14 is inserted through the shaft insertion space 35 and the shaft insertion hole 33, so that the shaft portion 14 is allowed to move in a predetermined direction as the cab is raised and lowered. The state in which the movement of the shaft portion 14 in the direction intersecting with is restricted (air spring locked state) is maintained.

着座状態からキャブが上昇し、着座部13がスプリング支持部30から離れて上方へ移動する(第1当接部19が第2当接部31から離間する)と、軸部14の上昇により軸部14の下端と軸挿通空間35とが近付き、キャブがさらに上昇すると、軸部14の下端が軸挿通孔33から抜けて軸挿通空間35を移動する。軸部14の下端が軸挿通孔33から抜けた後は、所定方向と交叉する方向への軸部14の移動を軸移動規制部34が規制するため、エアスプリング係止状態が解除されずに継続して維持される。このように、軸挿通孔33が軸挿通空間35によって上方(第1対向面20側)に実質的に延長されるので、軸移動規制部34(軸挿通空間35)を設けない場合に比べて、第1対向面20からの軸部14の突出高さを短縮することができる。従って、軸部14の突出高さの増大を抑えつつ、エアスプリング係止状態の解除を確実に防止することができる。 When the cab is lifted from the seated state and the seat portion 13 is separated from the spring support portion 30 and moves upward (the first contact portion 19 is separated from the second contact portion 31), the shaft portion 14 is lifted to move the shaft. When the lower end of the portion 14 approaches the shaft insertion space 35 and the cab is further raised, the lower end of the shaft portion 14 exits the shaft insertion hole 33 and moves through the shaft insertion space 35 . After the lower end of the shaft portion 14 is removed from the shaft insertion hole 33, the movement of the shaft portion 14 in the direction crossing the predetermined direction is restricted by the shaft movement restricting portion 34, so that the air spring locked state is not released. maintained continuously. As described above, the shaft insertion hole 33 is substantially extended upward (toward the first opposing surface 20) by the shaft insertion space 35, so that the shaft movement restricting portion 34 (the shaft insertion space 35) is not provided. , the projection height of the shaft portion 14 from the first opposing surface 20 can be shortened. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the release of the locked state of the air spring while suppressing an increase in the projecting height of the shaft portion 14 .

円筒状の軸移動規制部34が軸挿通空間35を内側に区画するので、軸部14の下端が軸挿通孔33から抜けて軸挿通空間35を移動する場合において、所定方向と交叉する方向への軸部14の移動を軸移動規制部34によって確実に規制することができる。 Since the cylindrical shaft movement restricting portion 34 partitions the shaft insertion space 35 inside, when the lower end of the shaft portion 14 moves out of the shaft insertion hole 33 and moves in the shaft insertion space 35, the shaft portion 14 moves in a direction crossing the predetermined direction. movement of the shaft portion 14 can be reliably restricted by the axial movement restricting portion 34 .

軸部14をボス部21とガイドピン22とによって構成し、ガイドピン22をボス部21に着脱可能に固定するので、ガイドピン22が損傷した際にはガイドピン22のみを交換すればよい。 Since the shaft portion 14 is composed of the boss portion 21 and the guide pin 22, and the guide pin 22 is detachably fixed to the boss portion 21, only the guide pin 22 needs to be replaced when the guide pin 22 is damaged.

また、軸挿通孔33の内周面の上端縁にテーパ状のガイド面36を設けたので、軸挿通孔33から抜けたガイドピン22の下端をガイド面36によって軸挿通孔33へ確実に進入させることができる。 In addition, since the tapered guide surface 36 is provided on the upper edge of the inner peripheral surface of the shaft insertion hole 33 , the lower end of the guide pin 22 that has come out of the shaft insertion hole 33 can be reliably inserted into the shaft insertion hole 33 by the guide surface 36 . can be made

以上、本発明について、上記実施形態に基づいて説明を行ったが、本発明は上記実施形態の内容に限定されるものではなく、当然に本発明を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更が可能である。すなわち、この実施形態に基づいて当業者等によりなされる他の実施形態、実施例および運用技術等は全て本発明の範疇に含まれることは勿論である。 Although the present invention has been described above based on the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the contents of the above embodiments, and can be appropriately modified without departing from the scope of the present invention. In other words, all other embodiments, examples, operation techniques, etc. made by those skilled in the art based on this embodiment are naturally included in the scope of the present invention.

例えば、上記実施形態では、着座部13に第1当接部19と第1対向面20と軸部14とを設け、スプリング支持部30に第2当接部31と第2対向面32と軸挿通孔33と軸移動規制部34(軸挿通空間35)とを設けたが、反対に、着座部に第2当接部と第2対向面と軸挿通孔と軸移動規制部(軸挿通空間)とを設け、スプリング支持部に第1当接部と第1対向面と軸部とを設けてもよい。 For example, in the above embodiment, the seat portion 13 is provided with the first contact portion 19 , the first facing surface 20 and the shaft portion 14 , and the spring support portion 30 is provided with the second contact portion 31 , the second facing surface 32 and the shaft portion. Although the insertion hole 33 and the shaft movement restricting portion 34 (the shaft insertion space 35) are provided, the seating portion has the second contact portion, the second facing surface, the shaft insertion hole, and the shaft movement restriction portion (the shaft insertion space 35). ), and the spring support portion may be provided with the first contact portion, the first opposing surface, and the shaft portion.

また、軸部14、軸挿通孔33、軸移動規制部34及び軸挿通空間35の形態は本実施形態に限定されず、任意に設定可能である。例えば、図6(a)に示すように、ボス部21と略同じ太さの(外径が略等しい)ガイドピン25をボス部21に取付け、軸挿通孔33の内径と軸挿通空間35の内径とを略等しく設定してもよい。この場合、テーパ面を設けることなく、軸挿通空間35内から下降するガイドピン25の下端を軸挿通孔33へ確実に進入させることができる。また、図6(b)に示すように、軸挿通孔33(ガイド面36)の上端周縁から直線状に延びる複数(例えば3本)の棒体又は管体によって軸移動規制部37を構成してもよい。この場合、3本の軸移動規制部37によって囲まれる領域が軸挿通空間38となる。 Moreover, the forms of the shaft portion 14, the shaft insertion hole 33, the shaft movement restricting portion 34, and the shaft insertion space 35 are not limited to those of the present embodiment, and can be arbitrarily set. For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, a guide pin 25 having approximately the same thickness as the boss portion 21 (having approximately the same outer diameter) is attached to the boss portion 21, and the inner diameter of the shaft insertion hole 33 and the shaft insertion space 35 are separated. and the inner diameter may be set substantially equal. In this case, the lower end of the guide pin 25 descending from the shaft insertion space 35 can be reliably inserted into the shaft insertion hole 33 without providing a tapered surface. Further, as shown in FIG. 6B, the axial movement restricting portion 37 is constituted by a plurality of (for example, three) rods or pipes extending linearly from the upper peripheral edge of the shaft insertion hole 33 (the guide surface 36). may In this case, the area surrounded by the three shaft movement restricting portions 37 becomes the shaft insertion space 38 .

本発明は、上構造体と下構造体との間に介在するエアスプリングを備えた車両に適用することができる。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to a vehicle having an air spring interposed between an upper structure and a lower structure.

1:キャブサスペンション構造
2:フレーム側ブラケット
3:キャブ側ブラケット
4:リンクアーム
5:ショックアブソーバ
10:エアスプリング
11:ベローズ
12:固定部
13:着座部
14:軸部
15:ストッパ
16:周壁
17:中間壁
18:凹状空間
19:第1当接部
20:第1対向面
21:ボス部
22,25:ガイドピン
23:雄ネジ部
24:雌ネジ孔
30:スプリング支持部
31:第2当接部
32:第2対向面
33:軸挿通孔
34,37:軸移動規制部
35,38:軸挿通空間
36:ガイド面
1: Cab suspension structure 2: Frame side bracket 3: Cab side bracket 4: Link arm 5: Shock absorber 10: Air spring 11: Bellows 12: Fixed part 13: Seat part 14: Shaft part 15: Stopper 16: Peripheral wall 17: Intermediate wall 18: concave space 19: first contact portion 20: first opposing surface 21: boss portions 22, 25: guide pin 23: male screw portion 24: female screw hole 30: spring support portion 31: second contact Portion 32: Second opposing surface 33: Shaft insertion holes 34, 37: Shaft movement restricting portions 35, 38: Shaft insertion space 36: Guide surface

Claims (3)

上構造体に対してエアスプリングが固定され、前記エアスプリングの下部の着座部が下構造体側のスプリング支持部に載置された着座状態で前記エアスプリングが前記上構造体と前記下構造体との間に介在して前記上構造体を弾性支持し、前記エアスプリングが前記上構造体とともに前記着座状態から上方へ移動することにより前記着座部が前記スプリング支持部から上方へ離間する車両のエアスプリング係止構造であって、
前記着座部及び前記スプリング支持部の一方は、第1当接部と、前記着座状態で上下方向と交叉する第1対向面と、前記第1対向面から突出して上下方向に延びる軸部とを有し、
前記着座部及び前記スプリング支持部の他方は、前記着座状態で前記第1当接部と当接する第2当接部と、前記着座状態で上下方向と交叉し前記第1対向面から離間して対向する第2対向面と、前記第2対向面に設けられた軸挿通孔と、前記軸挿通孔と連通する軸挿通空間を区画するように前記第2対向面から突出する軸移動規制部とを有し、
前記軸部は、前記着座状態で前記軸挿通空間及び前記軸挿通孔を挿通し、
前記軸挿通孔及び前記軸移動規制部は、前記上構造体の昇降に伴う前記軸部の所定方向への移動を許容するとともに、前記所定方向と交叉する方向への前記軸部の移動を規制し、
前記着座状態からの前記上構造体の上昇により前記軸挿通孔から抜けた前記軸部の先端は、前記軸挿通空間を移動し、
前記軸挿通孔から抜けた前記軸部の先端は、前記着座状態への前記上構造体の下降により前記軸挿通空間から前記軸挿通孔へ進入する
ことを特徴とする車両のエアスプリング係止構造。
An air spring is fixed to the upper structure, and the air spring is attached to the upper structure and the lower structure in a seated state in which the lower seat portion of the air spring is placed on the spring support portion on the side of the lower structure. The upper structure is elastically supported by being interposed between the air springs, and the air spring moves upward from the seated state together with the upper structure, thereby separating the seat portion upward from the spring support portion. A spring locking structure,
One of the seat portion and the spring support portion includes a first contact portion, a first opposing surface intersecting the vertical direction in the seated state, and a shaft portion projecting from the first opposing surface and extending in the vertical direction. have
The other of the seat portion and the spring support portion includes a second contact portion that contacts the first contact portion in the seated state, and a second contact portion that intersects the vertical direction in the seated state and is separated from the first opposing surface. a second facing surface facing each other; a shaft insertion hole provided in the second facing surface; has
The shaft portion is inserted through the shaft insertion space and the shaft insertion hole in the seated state,
The shaft insertion hole and the shaft movement restricting portion allow movement of the shaft portion in a predetermined direction accompanying elevation of the upper structure, and restrict movement of the shaft portion in a direction crossing the predetermined direction. death,
When the upper structure rises from the seated state, the distal end of the shaft section that has passed through the shaft insertion hole moves in the shaft insertion space,
An air spring locking structure for a vehicle, wherein a tip end of the shaft part that has passed through the shaft insertion hole enters the shaft insertion hole from the shaft insertion space as the upper structure descends to the seated state. .
請求項1に記載のエアスプリング係止構造であって、
前記軸移動規制部は、前記軸挿通空間を内側に区画する筒形状である
ことを特徴とする車両のエアスプリング係止構造。
The air spring locking structure according to claim 1,
The air spring locking structure for a vehicle, wherein the shaft movement restricting portion has a cylindrical shape that partitions the shaft insertion space inside.
請求項1又は請求項2に記載のエアスプリング係止構造であって、
前記軸部は、前記第1対向面から一体的に突出するボス部と、前記ボス部よりも細く前記ボス部に着脱可能に固定されて上下方向に延びるガイドピンとを有し、
前記軸挿通空間は、前記ボス部が進入可能な大きさであり、
前記軸挿通孔は、前記ガイドピンが進入可能で、且つ前記ボス部が進入不可能な大きさであり、
前記軸挿通孔の内周面の前記軸挿通空間側の端縁には、前記着座状態への前記上構造体の下降に伴って前記軸挿通空間を移動する前記ガイドピンの先端を前記軸挿通孔へ案内するテーパ状のガイド面が形成されている
ことを特徴とする車両のエアスプリング係止構造。
The air spring locking structure according to claim 1 or claim 2,
The shaft portion has a boss portion integrally protruding from the first opposing surface, and a guide pin thinner than the boss portion and detachably fixed to the boss portion and extending in the vertical direction,
The shaft insertion space has a size that allows the boss portion to enter,
the shaft insertion hole has a size that allows the guide pin to enter and that the boss portion cannot enter;
A tip of the guide pin, which moves in the shaft insertion space as the upper structure descends to the seated state, is inserted through the end edge of the inner peripheral surface of the shaft insertion hole on the shaft insertion space side. An air spring locking structure for a vehicle, wherein a tapered guide surface for guiding to a hole is formed.
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JP2004090865A (en) 2002-09-03 2004-03-25 Hino Motors Ltd Attachment structure of air spring for cab
JP2017030411A (en) 2015-07-29 2017-02-09 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Joint structure of air spring

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