JP7138329B2 - Production equipment for defatted dried product and production method thereof - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing foods, feeds, and mixed fertilizers containing proteins obtained by removing fats and oils from organic matter, such as defatted dry matter such as fish meal, and a method for producing the same.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, fish meal (fish meal), which is made by boiling, squeezing, and pulverizing fresh or frozen fish, has been distributed in the market and used as feed for farmed fish. On the other hand, expired frozen fish and the like are not used as feed due to safety, hygiene and offensive odors, and are mostly incinerated or landfilled. For example, Patent Literature 1 describes incinerating organic waste such as marine product processing residue after depressurization, fermentation, and drying.

On the other hand, fish meal made by drying fresh fish, frozen fish, and even frozen fish that has passed its expiration date kills bacteria, suppressing offensive odors. are being reused. However, feeds generally distributed in the market are inexpensive, and these fish meals have problems such as high cost and labor. Moreover, since these fish meals contain oils and fats, they have a bad taste and texture, and there is also the problem that they cannot be reused as food.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-319738

The present invention has been made in consideration of the actual situation as described above, and is a de-oil drying method that can obtain foods, feeds, and compound fertilizers that contain almost no oil or fat from organic matter (e.g., fresh fish or frozen fish). An object of the present invention is to provide an article manufacturing apparatus and a manufacturing method thereof.

The present invention constitutes means for solving the above-described problems as follows. That is, the present invention involves storing an organic substance in a sealed container, stirring the organic substance while heating it to a predetermined temperature range under reduced pressure, and decomposing the organic component of the organic substance using microorganisms to obtain a dried substance with a reduced volume. An apparatus for producing a defatted dry matter having a fermentation drying device, wherein the dried matter is mixed with an organic solvent and stirred to extract oil and fat contained in the dried matter to obtain a defatted dried matter. A mixing and stirring device, a squeezing device for squeezing the defatted dried matter so as to separate the organic solvent mixed with the defatted dried matter and the oil content extracted from the defatted dried matter, and the defatted dried matter after squeezing and an organic solvent removing device for heating the deoiled dried matter so as to vaporize the organic solvent mixed in the dried oil and fat matter.

According to the present invention, a large amount of organic matter can be dried by the reduced-pressure fermentation drying device, and the mixing and stirring device extracts the oil and fat contained in the dried matter obtained by the reduced-pressure fermentation and drying device, and the extracted oil and fat. Since the oil is separated from the dried product by the pressing device, it is possible to easily obtain a good quality defatted dried product containing almost no oil. In addition, since the organic solvent used for extracting the fats and oils contained in the dried matter is separated from the dried matter by the compressor and the residual solvent removing device, it is possible to easily obtain a good-quality defatted dried matter containing almost no organic solvent. can be done. Conventionally, deoiled dry matter such as fish meal obtained from organic matter could only be used as feed for livestock, feed for aquaculture, mixed fertilizer, etc. However, according to the present invention, It can also be used as a food with good taste and texture because it contains almost no oil or fat.

In the present invention, it is preferable to provide a foreign matter sorting device for removing foreign matter mixed in the dried matter or the defatted dried matter. According to this configuration, foreign matter mixed in the dried matter or the defatted dried matter obtained by the reduced pressure fermentation drying device can be easily removed by the foreign matter sorting device.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the vacuum fermentation drying device, the mixing stirring device, and the pressing device are provided integrally. According to this configuration, the device for producing the defatted dried product can be made compact.

In the present invention, the organic solvent separated from the defatted dried product is recovered by the compressing device and the organic solvent removing device, and the recovered organic solvent is supplied again to the mixing and stirring device. is preferred. In this case, the organic solvent is preferably normal hexane. According to this configuration, since a circulation path for the organic solvent is formed, it is possible to effectively utilize the organic solvent.

In addition, the present invention is a method for producing a defatted dried product, in which an organic substance is stored in a sealed container, stirred while being heated to a predetermined temperature range under reduced pressure, and the organic component of the organic substance is removed using microorganisms. A step of decomposing and drying under reduced pressure to obtain a dried product with a reduced volume, and mixing and agitation to obtain a degreased dried product by mixing an organic solvent with the dried product and stirring to extract oil and fat contained in the dried product. a pressing step of squeezing the degreased dried matter so as to separate the organic solvent mixed with the degreased dried matter and the oil extracted from the degreased dried matter; and mixing with the degreased dried matter after the squeezing step. and an organic solvent removing step of heating the degreased dried matter so as to evaporate the organic solvent. According to such a method for producing a defatted dried product, the same effect as that of the above-described apparatus for producing a defatted dried product can be obtained.

According to the apparatus for producing the dried oil-free product and the method for producing the oil-free dried product according to the present invention, a large amount of organic matter can be dried by the vacuum fermentation drying device, and the mixing and stirring device can be obtained by the vacuum fermentation drying device. Since the oil and fat contained in the dried product are extracted and the extracted oil and fat are separated from the dried product by the compressor, it is possible to easily obtain a good quality defatted dry product containing almost no oil. In addition, since the organic solvent used for extracting the fats and oils contained in the dried matter is separated from the dried matter by the compressor and the residual solvent removing device, it is possible to easily obtain a good-quality defatted dried matter containing almost no organic solvent. can be done. Conventionally, deoiled dry matter such as fish meal obtained from organic matter could only be used as feed for livestock, feed for aquaculture, mixed fertilizer, etc. However, according to the present invention, It can also be used as a food with good taste and texture because it contains almost no oil or fat.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the manufacturing apparatus of the defatted dried material which concerns on embodiment of this invention. Fig. 2 is a front view showing an input device, a reduced pressure fermentation drying device, a foreign matter sorter, etc. of the production device for dried dried product of oil and fat in Fig. 1; Fig. 2 is a side view showing an input device, a reduced pressure fermentation drying device, a foreign matter sorter, etc. of the production device for dried dried fat and oil in Fig. 1; It is a figure which shows typically schematic structure of the vacuum fermentation drying apparatus of the manufacturing apparatus of the defatted dried matter of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows schematic structure of the foreign material sorting machine of the manufacturing apparatus of the defatted dried material of FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a compressor of the apparatus for producing a defatted dry matter of FIG. 1; It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the manufacturing apparatus of the defatted dried material which concerns on the modification of this invention. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a vacuum fermentation drying apparatus of the apparatus for producing a defatted dry matter of FIG. 7 ;

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the schematic configuration of the production apparatus for the defatted dried matter according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a front view showing. FIG. 3 is a side view showing an input device, a vacuum fermentation drying device, a foreign matter sorter, etc. of the deoiled dry matter manufacturing device, and FIG. It is a schematic diagram.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a device for producing a defatted dried product (hereinafter also referred to as “manufacturing device”) 1 includes an input device 2, a vacuum fermentation drying device 3, a foreign matter sorter 4, and a mixing stirrer 5. , a compressor 6, a residual solvent remover 7, and the like. In the manufacturing apparatus 1, for example, organic matter such as fresh fish and frozen fish (including frozen fish whose expiration date has expired) is introduced into the reduced pressure fermentation drying device 3 by the introduction device 2, and the introduced organic matter is subjected to the reduced pressure fermentation drying device 3. performs the reduced pressure fermentation drying process (the reduced pressure fermentation drying process). A dried material (for example, fish meal) obtained by the reduced pressure fermentation drying process of the reduced pressure fermentation drying device 3 is sent to the foreign matter sorting machine 4 by the discharge conveyor 41, and the foreign matter mixed in the dried matter is removed by the foreign matter sorting machine 4. A foreign matter removing process (foreign matter removing step) is executed.

Next, the dried matter from which the foreign matter has been removed is sent to the mixing stirrer 5, and the dried matter is mixed with an organic solvent (for example, normal hexane) supplied from the solvent tank 10 by the mixing stirrer 5, and stirred. , a mixing and stirring process (mixing and stirring step) is performed in which fats and oils contained in the dried matter are extracted. Then, the defatted dry matter from which the oil and fat components have been extracted is sent to the compressor 6, and a pressing process (pressing step) is performed in which the oil and fat components and the organic solvent are squeezed out by the compressor 6. The fat and oil components and the organic solvent squeezed out by the compressor 6 are sent to the heater 11, and the organic solvent is vaporized by the heater 11, thereby separating the organic solvent and the fat and oil (residual fat). The organic solvent separated by the heater 11 is sent to the heat exchanger 12 , liquefied by heat exchange by the heat exchanger 12 , and then returned to the solvent tank 10 .

On the other hand, the oil-removed dry product from which the oil and organic solvent have been removed by the compressor 6 is sent to the residual solvent remover 7 . Then, an organic solvent removal process (organic solvent removal step) is performed in which the organic solvent is further separated from the defatted dried matter by heating the defatted dried matter in the residual solvent remover 7 to vaporize the organic solvent. be done. The organic solvent separated by the residual solvent remover 7 is sent to the heat exchanger 12 , liquefied by heat exchange by the heat exchanger 12 , and then returned to the solvent tank 10 . The defatted dried matter from which the organic solvent has been removed by the residual solvent remover 7 is discharged from the residual solvent remover 7 and accumulated in the storage container 7a.

FIG. 3 shows, for example, the manufacturing apparatus 1 installed in a building 100. At predetermined positions in the building 100, a loading device 2, a reduced pressure fermentation drying device 3, a foreign matter sorter 4, etc. are installed. . In FIG. 3, the walls, roof, shutters, etc. of the building 100 are indicated by two-dot chain lines. Although not shown in FIG. 3 , the mixer 5 , the compressor 6 , the residual solvent remover 7 and the like are also installed in the building 100 . Each device provided in the manufacturing apparatus 1 will be described below.

The input device 2 supplies the organic matter (object to be processed) stored in the input box 21 to the input port 30 a of the reduced pressure fermentation drying device 3 . The loading device 2 is configured, for example, as a reversible loading device. The input box 21 is transported from a storage warehouse or the like to a predetermined position of the input device 2 by a forklift or the like (not shown). The box 21 set at a predetermined position of the box 2 is lifted upward along a pair of vertically extending rails 22, 22 by driving an electric motor (not shown) or the like. When the input box 21 rises to the upper end of the pair of rails 22, 22, it rotates around a horizontal shaft 23 provided between the pair of rails 22, 22, and the input box 21 is turned upside down. As the input box 21 is turned over, the organic matter stored in the input box 21 is input to the input port 30 a of the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3 .

The reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3 is known, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, etc., and stirs the organic matter to be processed while heating it to a predetermined temperature range under reduced pressure, and uses microorganisms. It decomposes the organic component of the organic matter and obtains a dried matter with a reduced volume.

As schematically shown in FIG. 4, the reduced-pressure fermentation/drying apparatus 3 is a substantially cylindrical airtight container that holds the organic matter supplied by the input device 2 and is airtightly formed so as to maintain the inside at atmospheric pressure or lower. A tank (pressure resistant tank) 30 is provided. A heating jacket 31 is provided on the peripheral wall of the tank 30 , and heating steam is supplied to the heating jacket 31 from the steam generating boiler 9 . In addition, the temperature of the steam supplied from the steam generation boiler 9 is preferably about 140° C., for example.

In addition, a stirring shaft 32 extending in the longitudinal direction (horizontal direction in FIG. 4) is provided inside the tank 30 so as to be surrounded by the heating jacket 31 . The stirring shaft 32 is rotated at a predetermined rotational speed by an electric motor 32a. The agitating shaft 32 is provided with a plurality of agitating plates 32b spaced apart in the axial direction thereof. The agitating plates 32b agitate the organic matter, and after completion of the fermentation and drying, the organic matter is moved in the longitudinal direction of the tank 30. It is supposed to be sent.

An inlet 30a for organic matter supplied from the inlet device 2 is provided in the upper part of the center in the longitudinal direction of the tank 30, and the organic matter introduced from the inlet 30a is heated by the heating jacket 31 while being heated by the stirring shaft. Agitated by 32 revolutions. After a predetermined period of time has elapsed, the treated organic matter (dried matter) is discharged from the discharge portion 30b provided at the bottom of the tank 30. As shown in FIG. A hydraulic motor may be used instead of the electric motor 32a.

A guide portion 30c that guides steam generated from the heated organic matter to the condensation portion 33 protrudes from the upper portion of the tank 30 . In this embodiment, two guide portions 30c are provided, and each guide portion 30c is arranged on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the tank 30 with the inlet 30a interposed therebetween. The condenser section 33 includes a plurality of cooling pipes 33b supported by a pair of heads 33a, and a cooling water path 80 is provided between the cooling tower 8 and the plurality of cooling pipes 33b. In this embodiment, the condensation section 33 extends parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tank 30, and is arranged behind the input port 30a and the guide section 30c.

The cooling water, which flows through the cooling pipes 33b in the condenser section 33 and whose temperature rises due to heat exchange with high-temperature steam, flows through the cooling water path 80 as schematically indicated by the arrow in FIG. It flows into the water receiving tank 81 of 8. The cooling tower 8 is provided with a pump 82 for pumping up cooling water from its water receiving tank 81 and a nozzle 83 for injecting the pumped cooling water. The cooling water jetted from the nozzle 83 is blown by the fan 85 while flowing down the flow-down part 84, the temperature of the cooling water is lowered, and the cooling water flows into the water receiving tank 81 again.

The cooling water cooled by the cooling tower 8 is sent by the cooling water pump 86, is sent to the condensation part 33 by the cooling water path 80, and circulates through the plurality of cooling pipes 33b again. After the temperature rises due to heat exchange with the steam generated inside the tank 30 as described above, the cooling water flows through the cooling water path 80 again and flows into the water receiving tank 81 of the cooling tower 8 . That is, the cooling water circulates through the cooling water path 80 between the condenser 33 and the cooling tower 8 . Further, in this embodiment, as will be described later, the cooling water cooled by the cooling tower 8 is supplied to the heat exchanger 12, and the cooling water circulates between the heat exchanger 12 and the cooling tower 8. It is designed to

In addition to the cooling water that circulates as described above, the cooling tower 8 also receives condensed water that is condensed in the condenser 33 from steam generated from the heated organic matter. Although not shown, condensed water generated by exchanging heat with high-temperature steam is collected under the condenser section 33 . A vacuum pump 36 is connected to the condensation section 33 via a communication passage 35 to reduce the pressure in the tank 30 .

That is, by the operation of the vacuum pump 36, air and condensed water are sucked out from the condensation section 33 through the communicating path 35, and air and steam in the tank 30 are sucked out through the communicating path 34 and the guide portion 30c. . In this way, the condensed water is sucked out from the condensation section 33 to the vacuum pump 36 and is led from the vacuum pump 36 to the water receiving tank 81 of the cooling tower 8 through the water conduit.

The condensed water thus led to the water receiving tank 81 of the cooling tower 8 is mixed with the cooling water, pumped up by the pumping pump 82 as described above, jetted from the nozzle 83, and cooled while flowing down the flow part 84. . The condensed water contains the same microorganisms as those added to the organic matter in the tank 30, and the odorous components contained in this condensed water are decomposed. It has become.

The operation of the vacuum fermentation drying apparatus 3 configured as described above will be described. The organic matter contained in the tank 30 is heated by the heating steam supplied to the heating jacket 31 and stirred as the stirring shaft 32 rotates. Then, the organic matter contained in the tank 30 is heated from the outside by the heating jacket 31 surrounding the inside of the tank 30 and heated from the inside by the stirring shaft 32 or the like, and the temperature of the organic matter contained in the tank 30 is effectively raised and stirred. The organic matter is agitated by the shaft 32 . In addition, since the pressure is reduced by the operation of the vacuum pump 36, the boiling point in the tank 30 is lowered, and the water evaporates in a temperature range in which the decomposition of the organic components of organic matter by microorganisms is promoted.

In the vacuum fermentation drying process by the vacuum fermentation drying apparatus 3, one process (one cycle) preferably lasts, for example, two hours. First, the fermentation process decomposes the organic components of the organic matter over 30 minutes. When the pressure inside the tank 30 is reduced to −0.06 to −0.07 MPa (gauge pressure; hereinafter, gauge pressure is omitted), the moisture temperature in the tank 30 is maintained at 76 to 69° C. (saturated steam temperature). As a result, fermentation and decomposition of the organic matter are promoted by the microorganisms described later.

The fermenting organics would then be dried for 1.5 hours. Therefore, when the pressure inside the tank 30 is further reduced to −0.09 to −0.10 MPa, the moisture temperature in the tank is maintained at 46 to 42° C. (saturated steam temperature), and the drying of the organic matter is sufficiently promoted. process. Then, when performing such a drying process, as the microorganisms added to the organic matter in the tank 30, as described in Patent Document 2, for example, a plurality of types of indigenous bacteria are used as a base and cultured in advance. A combined effective microbial population is preferred, commonly known as SHIMOSE 1/2/3 population, which forms the center of the colony.

SHIMOSE 1 was submitted to FERM BP-7504 (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Biotechnology and Industrial Technology Research Institute, Patent Microorganism Depositary Center (1-3 Higashi, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan) on March 14, 2003. internationally deposited). SHIMOSE 2 is FERM BP-7505 (international deposit similar to SHIMOSE 1), a salt-tolerant microorganism belonging to Pichiafarinosa. It is also an international deposit) and is a microorganism belonging to Staphylococcus.

Here, the procedure of the reduced-pressure fermentation drying process of the organic matter by the reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3 will be described. First, an object to be treated containing organic matter is put into the reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3 . At this time, the cover of the input port 30a of the tank 30 of the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3 is opened, and the organic substance stored in the input box 21 is input from the input port 30a by the input device 2. Then, the lid of the inlet 30a is closed to hermetically seal the inside of the tank 30 at atmospheric pressure.

Next, after adding predetermined microorganisms to the organic matter in the tank 30 , the air release valve is closed to hermetically seal the inside of the tank 30 . Then, the inside of the tank 30 is heated under reduced pressure to accelerate the fermentation and drying of the organic components of the organic matter accommodated therein. That is, heating steam is supplied from the steam generation boiler 9 to heat the inside of the tank 30 .

Then, the inside of the tank 30 is heated by the heating steam, the stirring shaft 32 is rotated at a predetermined rotational speed (for example, about 8 rpm), and the pressure inside the tank 30 is reduced by operating the vacuum pump 36, thereby , the temperature in the tank 30 becomes the optimum environment for the activity of microorganisms, and the decomposition of the organic components of the organic substances by the microorganisms is favorably promoted. Note that the rotation speed (8 rpm) of the stirring shaft 32 is an example, and other values may be used as long as the organic components of the organic matter can be decomposed.

While maintaining the temperature and pressure in the tank 30 in this way, when a predetermined time (for example, about 2 hours) has passed, the operation of the vacuum pump 36 and the steam generation boiler 9 is stopped to bring the state to atmospheric pressure. On the other hand, the stirring shaft 32 is reversely rotated to open the lid of the discharge portion 30b of the tank 30 to discharge the dried matter from the tank 30 . At this time, the dried matter discharged from the tank 30 is reduced in volume.

Then, the organic matter (dried matter) after being subjected to the reduced pressure fermentation drying treatment by the reduced pressure fermentation drying device 3 is conveyed toward the foreign matter sorting machine 4 by the discharge conveyor 41 . That is, the discharge conveyor 41 conveys the dried matter discharged from the discharge section 30b below the tank 30 of the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3 to the foreign substance sorter 4 provided at a position higher than the discharge section 30b. The contaminant sorter 4 removes contaminants that cannot be decomposed by the reduced pressure fermentation drying process by the reduced pressure fermentation drying device 3, specifically plastics and metals.

The foreign matter sorter 4 includes a magnetic separator 42 and a vibrating sieve 43, as schematically shown in FIG. The magnetic separator 42 is, for example, a hanging type, and is hung on the discharge conveyor 41 . The magnetic separator 42 uses magnets to attract metal fittings, iron pieces, and other magnetic materials (indicated by black circles) from among the dried materials conveyed by the discharge conveyor 41, and continuously removes them to the discharge container by means of a belt 42b that moves between pulleys 42a. It is configured to discharge to 42c. The magnetic separator 42 removes metals such as metal fittings and iron pieces mixed in the dried material.

The vibrating sieve machine 43 is for sifting out foreign matter larger than the dried matter from the dried matter discharged from the reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3 and conveyed by the discharge conveyor 41 . The vibrating sieve machine 43 includes a wire mesh 43a having meshes (openings) of a predetermined size, and a vibration motor 43b for vibrating the wire mesh 43a. The vibrating sieve machine 43 is supported on the lower base 43d by a plurality of (for example, four) coil springs 43c. In addition, the wire netting 43a is provided in a state inclined obliquely downward, and one end side (left end side in FIG. 5) of the wire netting 43a is provided at a lower position than the other end side (right end side in FIG. 5). ing. In this embodiment, the mesh size of the wire mesh 43a is set to 5 mm×5 mm. Note that the size of the mesh is an example, and other values may be used. A vibrating sieve 43 separates the plastics and the like from the dried material.

In this way, the vibrating sieve machine 43 is float-supported with respect to the lower table 43d by the coil spring 43c, so that the dried matter supplied from the discharging conveyor 41 to the wire mesh 43a is sieved by driving the vibrating motor 43b. Specifically, the dried matter passes through the mesh of the wire mesh 43a, falls downward, and is stored in the storage container 44 arranged below the vibrating sieve 43. As shown in FIG. On the other hand, foreign matter larger than the dried matter cannot pass through the mesh of the wire netting 43a, so that it slides or rolls down along the inclined surface of the wire netting 43a and moves to one end side (front side). is discharged into a discharge container 43e arranged in front and below. At this time, not only foreign substances such as plastics but also dried matter larger than the mesh of the wire mesh 43a are discharged into the discharge container 43e. However, as described above, the dried matter is fermented and dried by the vacuum fermentation drying device 3 and reduced in volume, so that the dried matter is suitable for sieving, and most of the dried matter other than foreign matter passes through the mesh of the wire mesh 43a. and is stored in the storage container 44 .

Next, the dried material from which the foreign matter is removed by the foreign matter sorter 4 is supplied to the mixer 5 . That is, the dried matter stored in the storage container 44 is supplied to the mixer 5 and mixed with the organic solvent supplied from the solvent tank 10 . The mixed agitator 5 mixes and agitates the dried matter and the organic solvent, thereby extracting fats and oils in the dried matter. Thus, normal hexane (n-hexane), for example, is preferably used as the organic solvent for extracting fats and oils. In addition, you may extract the fats and oils in a dried material using organic solvents other than normal hexane. The structure of the mixing stirrer 5 is substantially the same as the simplified structure of the reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3 described above, and the description thereof will be omitted.

Then, the defatted dried product from which the oil and fat components have been extracted by the mixing and stirring process by the mixing and stirring machine 5 is supplied to the compressor 6 . The compressor 6 is supplied with a mixture of a defatted dry matter, an organic solvent mixed with the defatted dried matter, and an oil component extracted from the dried matter. The compressor 6, as schematically shown in FIG. 6, is configured such that the mixture introduced from the inlet nozzle 61 is conveyed to the outlet chute 63 side by a worm screw 62 that is rotationally driven by, for example, an electric motor 62a. It is During the process of conveying the mixture, the gap between the worm screw 62 and the cylindrical wall portion 64 is gradually narrowed, so the mixture is deoiled (degreased) as it is sent to the outlet side. That is, a wall portion 64 provided on the outer peripheral side of the worm screw 62 is provided with a plurality of slits (openings) 65, and oil (fat and organic solvent) is squeezed out from the slits 65. It's becoming The oil discharged from the slit 65 is collected by the collecting portion 66 and then discharged to the outside through the discharge port 67 . The mixture sent to the end of the worm screw 62 is also compressed by being sandwiched between the worm screw 62 and the outlet side plate 68 . By adjusting the position of this outlet side plate 68 with a hydraulic cylinder 69 , the mixture with a predetermined deoiling rate is discharged from the outlet chute 63 .

In this way, the compressed deoiled and dried product from which the oil and organic solvent have been removed by the compressor 6 is sent from the outlet chute 63 to the residual solvent remover 7 . Also, the oil and fat components and the organic solvent squeezed out by the compressor 6 are sent to the heater 11 . Then, the organic solvent is vaporized by performing a heat treatment with the heater 11, thereby separating the organic solvent and the fats and oils. In other words, since the organic solvent sent from the compressor 6 to the heater 11 is mixed with oils and fats, the heater 11 heats the organic solvent at a temperature higher than the boiling point (68.7 ° C. in the case of normal hexane). By performing the above, the organic solvent is vaporized and separated from the fats and oils. The organic solvent separated from the oils and fats by the heater 11 is sent to the heat exchanger 12 . On the other hand, the oil separated from the organic solvent remains at the bottom of the heater 11 and is discharged to the external discharge container 11a as residual oil.

Here, since the organic solvent cannot be completely removed from the defatted dried matter in the compression treatment by the compressor 6, the organic solvent mixed (residual) in the defatted dried matter is further removed by the residual solvent remover 7. I'm trying In the residual solvent remover 7, the dried oil-free material is heat-treated to evaporate the remaining organic solvent, thereby separating the organic solvent from the dry oil-free material. As with the heater 11 described above, by heating at a temperature higher than the boiling point of the organic solvent (68.7° C. in the case of normal hexane), the organic solvent is vaporized and separated from the defatted dried matter. The organic solvent separated from the defatted dry matter by the residual solvent remover 7 is sent to the heat exchanger 12 . On the other hand, the defatted dried matter from which the organic solvent has been removed by the residual solvent remover 7 is discharged from the residual solvent remover 7 and accumulated in the storage container 7a. Further, the structure of the residual solvent remover 7 is also substantially the same as that of the mixing stirrer 5, and the description thereof will be omitted.

The organic solvent vaporized by the residual solvent remover 7 and the organic solvent vaporized by the heater 11 are sent to the heat exchanger 12 and cooled by heat exchange with cooling water supplied to the heat exchanger 12, liquefy. Cooling water is supplied to the heat exchanger 12 from the cooling tower 8 described above, and the cooling water is heated by heat exchange with the organic solvent. The cooling water after heating is returned from the heat exchanger 12 to the cooling tower 8 . Also, the organic solvent liquefied by heat exchange with the cooling water is returned to the solvent tank 10 . The structure of the heat exchanger 12 is substantially the same as that of the condenser section 33 described above, and the description thereof will be omitted.

Thus, a circulation path is provided between the heat exchanger 12 and the cooling tower 8 through which the cooling water circulates. In addition to this, in this embodiment, an organic solvent circulation path is also provided, and the organic solvent separated from the defatted dried matter by the compressor 6 and the residual solvent remover 7 is recovered, and the recovered organic solvent is It is configured to be supplied to the mixing stirrer 5 again. Specifically, the organic solvent stored in the solvent tank 10 is supplied to the mixing stirrer 5, and then returned to the solvent tank 10 via the compressor 6, the heater 11, and the heat exchanger 12 in order. A circulation path (first circulation path) is provided. Further, the organic solvent stored in the solvent tank 10 is supplied to the mixer 5, and then passes through the compressor 6, the residual solvent remover 7, and the heat exchanger 12 in order and is returned to the solvent tank 10. A route (second circulation route) is provided.

According to the present embodiment, a large amount of organic matter (for example, fresh fish and frozen fish) can be dried by the reduced pressure fermentation drying device 3, and mixed with the dried matter (for example, fish meal) obtained by the reduced pressure fermentation drying device 3. The foreign matter that has been removed can be easily removed by the foreign matter sorter 4. - 特許庁Moreover, since the fats and oils contained in the dried matter obtained by the vacuum fermentation drying apparatus 3 are extracted by the mixing agitator 5, and the extracted fats and oils are separated from the dried matter by the compressor 6, almost all the fats and oils are contained in the dried matter. It is possible to easily obtain a high-quality defatted dried product (high-quality protein, etc.). In addition, since the organic solvent used for extracting the fats and oils contained in the dried matter is separated from the dried matter by the compressor 6 and the residual solvent remover 7, it is possible to easily obtain a high-quality defatted dried matter containing almost no organic solvent. Obtainable. Conventionally, the deoiled dried product such as fish meal obtained from organic matter by the manufacturing apparatus 1 could only be used as feed for livestock, feed for aquaculture, mixed fertilizer, etc., but the present invention. According to the embodiment, it can be used as a food with good taste and texture because it contains almost no oil or fat.

Furthermore, the reduced-pressure fermentation drying device 3 can efficiently dry the organic matter, promote the decomposition of organic components of the organic matter using microorganisms, and decompose malodorous components. In addition, by sieving the dried matter obtained in this way with a vibrating sieve machine 43, the particle size, grain shape, moisture content, etc. of the dried matter become substantially uniform, and the generation of offensive odors is suppressed. It is suitable for feed for fish, feed for aquaculture, fertilizer, etc.

Here, if pretreatment such as preselection is not performed on the object to be treated, there is a possibility that foreign substances such as plastics and metals are mixed in addition to organic matter. However, since plastics and metals are not decomposed by microorganisms in the reduced pressure fermentation drying process by the reduced pressure fermentation drying device 3, they cannot pass through the wire mesh 43a of the vibrating sieve 43 and are thereby separated from the dried matter. Therefore, it is possible to reliably and easily remove foreign substances such as plastics mixed in the organic matter from the dried matter without pretreatment such as preselection. In addition, since the magnetic separator 42 for removing metals from the dried matter obtained by the reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3 is provided upstream of the vibrating sieve 43, the magnetic separator 42 mixes the metals with the organic matter. Metals can be reliably and easily removed from the dried material.

In addition, in this embodiment, the organic solvent separated from the defatted dried matter by the compressor 6 and the residual solvent remover 7 is recovered, and the recovered organic solvent is supplied to the mixing stirrer 5 again. Therefore, by forming such a circulation path for the organic solvent, it is possible to effectively utilize the organic solvent.

In addition, as described above, in the method for producing a defatted dry matter according to the present embodiment, the organic matter is stored in the tank 30, stirred while being heated to a predetermined temperature range under reduced pressure, and the organic matter is The reduced-pressure fermentation drying process that decomposes the organic components of the dried product to obtain a dried product with a reduced volume, and the dried product is mixed with an organic solvent and stirred to extract the fat and oil contained in the dried product. A mixing stirring step to obtain, a pressing step of squeezing the defatted dried matter so as to separate the organic solvent mixed in the defatted dried matter and the oil content extracted from the defatted dried matter, and defatted drying after the pressing step and an organic solvent removing step of heating the defatted dried product so as to vaporize the organic solvent mixed in the product. According to such a method for producing a defatted dried product, the same effects as those of the production apparatus 1 described above can be obtained.

The embodiments disclosed this time are illustrative in all respects and are not grounds for restrictive interpretation. The technical scope of the present invention is not to be interpreted only by the above-described embodiments, but is defined based on the claims. In addition, the technical scope of the present invention includes all modifications within the meaning and range of equivalence to the claims.

The charging device 2 described above is only an example, and a charging device having another configuration may be used to charge the material into the reduced-pressure fermentation/drying device 3 . For example, the organic substance may be introduced into the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3 using a transport conveyor or the like. Further, the magnetic separator 42 described above is an example, and a magnetic separator other than the hanging type may be used. For example, a pulley-type or drum-type magnetic separator may be used, or an eddy-current magnetic separator capable of removing non-ferrous metals such as aluminum may also be used. Moreover, the vibrating sieve machine 43 described above is merely an example, and a sieve machine having another configuration may be used to sort foreign matter.

The above-described organic matter is an example, and various organic matter other than fresh fish and frozen fish may be put into the reduced-pressure fermentation/drying apparatus 3 . The organic solvent mentioned above is an example, and fats and oils may be extracted from the dried product obtained by the reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3 using an organic solvent other than normal hexane. For example, diethyl ether, cyclohexane, dichloromethane, 1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethene, butane, propane and the like may be used as organic solvents.

In the above-described embodiment, the vacuum fermentation drying device 3, the mixing stirrer 5, and the compressor 6 are provided separately. may be integrally provided, or the compressor 6 may be integrally provided with the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3. Alternatively, in order to make the production apparatus 1 even more compact, the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3 may be provided with the mixing stirrer 5 and the compressor 6 integrally.

Here, with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, a description will be given of a modification in which the reduced-pressure fermentation drying device, the mixing stirrer, and the compressor are integrally provided. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the manufacturing apparatus 1A includes a reduced-pressure fermentation/drying apparatus 3A, a foreign matter selector 4, a residual solvent remover 7, a cooling tower 8, a solvent tank 10, a heater 11, a heat exchanger 12, and the like. ing. The configurations of the foreign matter selector 4, the residual solvent remover 7, the cooling tower 8, the solvent tank 10, the heater 11, and the heat exchanger 12 are the same as in the above embodiment. On the other hand, the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3A has a configuration in which the mixing stirrer 5 and the compressor 6 are provided integrally with the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3 of the above embodiment. That is, the reduced pressure fermentation drying process by the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3 of the above-described embodiment, the mixing stirring process by the mixing stirrer 5 (extraction of fats and oils with an organic solvent), and the pressing process by the pressing machine 6 are performed by the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3A. (Separation of oil and fat and organic solvent) is performed.

In the manufacturing apparatus 1A, for example, organic matter such as expired frozen fish (expiration date, expiration date, etc.) is introduced into the reduced pressure fermentation and drying apparatus 3A by a charging device (not shown). performs the reduced pressure fermentation drying process. Moreover, the mixing and stirring process and the pressing process are also performed by the vacuum fermentation drying apparatus 3A. The defatted dried matter obtained by the reduced pressure fermentation drying process of the reduced pressure fermentation drying device 3A is sent to the foreign matter sorter 4, and the foreign matter mixed in the defatted dried matter is removed by the foreign matter sorter 4.

Then, the defatted dried product from which the foreign matter has been removed is sent to the residual solvent remover 7 . The organic solvent is separated from the defatted dried matter by heating the defatted dried matter in the residual solvent remover 7 to evaporate the organic solvent. The organic solvent separated by the residual solvent remover 7 is sent to the heat exchanger 12 , liquefied by heat exchange by the heat exchanger 12 , and then returned to the solvent tank 10 . The defatted dried matter from which the organic solvent has been removed by the residual solvent remover 7 is discharged from the residual solvent remover 7 and accumulated in the storage container 7a. In addition, the oil and fat components and the organic solvent squeezed out by the compression treatment by the reduced-pressure fermentation drying device 3A are sent to the heater 11, and the organic solvent is vaporized by the heater 11, so that the organic solvent and the oil component (residual fat) is separated into The organic solvent separated by the heater 11 is sent to the heat exchanger 12 , liquefied by heat exchange by the heat exchanger 12 , and then returned to the solvent tank 10 .

The structure of the reduced-pressure fermentation/drying apparatus 3A is substantially the same as that of the reduced-pressure fermentation/drying apparatus 3 of the above-described embodiment, but mainly different points will be described with reference to FIG. 8, 101 is a pressure-resistant tank, 102 is a fixed compression plate, 103 is a processing chamber, 104 is a ventilation pipe, 106 is a heating jacket, 107 is a heating steam supply port, 108 is a heating steam discharge port, and 109 is a This is a spiral heating steam flow path. 110 and 111 are pipes for discharging organic solvent, 112 is space for partitioning, 114 is pipe for discharging defatted dry matter, 116 and 119 are water vapor discharge ports, and 120 is pipe for supplying organic solvent. is the road. Also, 122 is a rotary drive shaft, 123 and 124 are rotating blade bodies, 125 and 126 are clutch plates, 127 is a square screw portion, 128 is a moving compression plate, 130 is a brake for stopping the rotating blade bodies, and 131 is a raw material. is the input port of 113, 115, 117, 118 and 121 are valves for adjustment. The stationary pressing plate 102 and the moving pressing plate 128 are provided with a large number of slits for pressing (not shown). Further, the rotary blade bodies 123 and 124 are pivotally mounted on the rotary drive shaft 122, and recessed grooves 123b and 124b are formed in the distal end portions of a plurality of blade arms 123a and 124a provided at predetermined intervals. A rod-shaped stirring plate 122a is fitted in each of the grooves 123b and 124b. A plurality of grooves 128b are formed at predetermined intervals on the outer peripheral portion of the moving compression plate 128, and an agitating plate 122a is fitted in each of the grooves 128b.

In the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3A, the organic matter is introduced from the introduction port 131 by the introduction device 2 (see FIG. 2) and supplied into the processing chamber 103. As shown in FIG. Also. Heating steam from the steam generation boiler 9 (see FIG. 4) is supplied to the heating jacket 106 provided on the peripheral wall of the pressure tank 101 . The organic matter supplied into the processing chamber 103 is stirred by a plurality of stirring plates 122 a rotated by the rotary drive shaft 122 while being heated by the heating jacket 106 . Vapor generated from the heated organic matter is sent from outlet 116 to condenser 33 (see FIG. 4). In this case, the clutch plates 125 and 126 are engaged (engaged), and the rotary drive shaft 122, the stirring plate 122a, the rotary vanes 123 and 124, and the moving compression plate 128 are rotated integrally. there is Also, the moving pressing plate 128 is located at the initial position (non-pressing position) shown in FIG. The procedure for the reduced pressure fermentation drying process of the organic matter by the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3A is substantially the same as that of the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3 described above.

In the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3A, the organic matter (dried matter) after the reduced pressure fermentation drying treatment is subjected to mixing and agitation processing (extraction of fats and oils with an organic solvent) and compression processing (separation of fats and oils and organic solvent). is performed. In the mixing and stirring process, the organic solvent stored in the solvent tank 10 is supplied from the supply pipe 120 into the processing chamber 103, and the organic solvent is mixed with the dried material after the reduced pressure fermentation and drying process. Then, by agitating the dried matter and the organic solvent with the rotary drive shaft 122, the fats and oils contained in the dried matter are extracted. In this case, the clutch plates 125 and 126 are in an engaged state (engaged state), and the moving pressing plate 128 is positioned at the initial position (non-pressing position) shown in FIG.

Next, in the squeezing process, the clutch plates 125 and 126 are disengaged (disengaged), and the rotation of the rotary drive shaft 122 is transferred to the stirring plate 122a, the rotating vanes 123 and 124, and the moving squeezing plate 128. It is not transmitted. Therefore, when the rotary drive shaft 122 rotates, the moving compression plate 128 is guided by the square screw portion 127 formed on the rotary drive shaft 122, and the moving compression plate 128 moves from the initial position shown in FIG. move to the side. By the movement of the moving pressing plate 128, the defatted dried matter from which the fats and oils have been extracted by the mixing and stirring process is subjected to a pressing process to separate the defatted dried matter from the fats and oils and the organic solvent. The fat and oil components and the organic solvent separated from the defatted dried matter by the pressing process are discharged from the discharge pipes 110 and 111 and sent to the heater 11 . The oil-removed dried product from which the oil and organic solvent are separated by pressing is discharged from the discharge pipe 114 and sent to the foreign matter sorter 4 .

The production apparatus 1A of FIGS. 7 and 8 is also provided with an organic solvent circulation path, and the organic solvent separated from the defatted dried product is recovered by the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3A. It is configured to be supplied again to the fermentation drying apparatus 3A. Specifically, the organic solvent stored in the solvent tank 10 is supplied to the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus 3A, then passes through the heater 11 and the heat exchanger 12 in order and is returned to the solvent tank 10 through a circulation path ( A first circulation path) is provided. Further, the organic solvent stored in the solvent tank 10 is supplied to the reduced-pressure fermentation drying device 3A, and then returned to the solvent tank 10 via the foreign matter sorter 4, the residual solvent remover 7, and the heat exchanger 12 in order. A circulation path (second circulation path) is provided.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention can be utilized for the manufacturing apparatus and its manufacturing method of the defatted dried material by vacuum fermentation drying.

1 Deoiled dried product manufacturing device 3 Vacuum fermentation drying device 4 Foreign matter sorting machine (foreign matter sorting device)
5 Mixing stirrer (mixing stirrer)
6 Compressor (pressing device)
7 Residual solvent remover (organic solvent remover)
30 tank (closed container)

Claims (5)

An organic substance is placed in a sealed container, stirred while being heated to a predetermined temperature range under reduced pressure, and the organic component of the organic substance is decomposed using microorganisms to obtain a dried substance with a reduced volume.Carry out decompression fermentationAn apparatus for producing a defatted dried product comprising a vacuum fermentation drying apparatus,
The reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus includes a rotary drive shaft, a fixed compression plate, a movable compression plate, and a rotating blade provided inside the closed container,
Following the reduced-pressure fermentation treatment, rotating the rotary drive shaft to rotate the rotating blade body, An organic solvent is mixed with the dried material and stirred to extract the fat and oil contained in the dried material to obtain a defatted dried material.In addition to being configured to perform a mixing and stirring process,
following the mixing and stirring process, by moving the moving compression plate along the rotary drive shaft, moving the moving compression plate toward the fixed compression plate; Compressing the defatted dry matter so as to separate the organic solvent mixed with the defatted dried matter and the oil extracted from the defatted dried matter.configured to perform a pressing process,
In addition, after pressing An apparatus for producing a defatted dry matter characterized by comprising an organic solvent removing device for heating the defatted dried matter so as to vaporize the organic solvent mixed in the defatted dried matter. In the apparatus for producing a defatted dried product according to claim 1,
An apparatus for producing a defatted dried product, comprising a foreign matter sorting device for removing foreign matter mixed in the dried product or the defatted dried product. In the apparatus for producing a defatted dried product according to claim 1 or 2,
the pressing process; And the organic solvent separated from the defatted dry matter by the organic solvent removal device is recovered, and the recovered organic solvent isThe vacuum fermentation drying deviceA device for producing a defatted dried product, characterized in that it is configured to be supplied again to the. Claims 1 to 3 In the apparatus for producing a defatted dry matter according to any one of
An apparatus for producing a defatted dried product, wherein the organic solvent is normal hexane. A method for producing a defatted dried product using the apparatus for producing a defatted dried product according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A reduced-pressure fermentation drying step of storing an organic matter in a sealed container, stirring the organic matter while heating it to a predetermined temperature range under reduced pressure, and decomposing the organic component of the organic matter using microorganisms to obtain a dried matter with a reduced volume;
A mixing and stirring step of obtaining a defatted dried product by mixing and stirring an organic solvent with the dried product, thereby extracting the fats and oils contained in the dried product;
A pressing step of squeezing the defatted dry matter so as to separate the organic solvent mixed with the defatted dried matter and the oil extracted from the defatted dried matter;
and an organic solvent removing step of heating the defatted dried matter so as to vaporize the organic solvent mixed in the defatted dried matter after the pressing step. .

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